| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "BEEF HORMONE DISPUTE": |
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The Beef Hormone Dispute, 2005.
This paper discusses the continuing dispute between the United States and the European Union regarding American beef treated with hormones.
2,970 words (approx. 11.9 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 87.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the dispute over beef hormones between the United States and the European Union has been ongoing for two decades, escalating to a ban on American beef treated with hormones, despite scientific studies supporting the fact that certain approved growth hormones posed no public health threat. The author points out that the pandemonium in the E.U. started in the early 1980s over synthetic hormone diethylstilbestrol (DES), which was banned in the United States in 1979 because of its links to cancer and birth defects, was detected in some imported baby food made with veal. The paper shows, therefore, that four European countries prohibited all hormone use in cattle, which eventually led to the ban of American beef. The paper relates that the core of the difference is that American consumers and authorities have embraced technological breakthroughs relating to foodstuffs; whereas, the Europeans tend to shy away from such advancements: In the end, the beef hormone dispute appears to be at a stalemate.
From the Paper
"The use of certain growth hormones in the American beef industry was a common occurrence in the 1970s and 1980s. American farmers saw the immediate benefits of growing beefier beef cattle and enthusiastically accepted the practice. The growth hormones, used by the United States, are actually a pellet that is implanted under the animal's skin, behind the ears. This time-release capsule slowly releases the hormones over the period of several weeks, during significant stages of growth. The cost effectiveness of this process is significant"
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The Beef Hormone Issue, 2006.
This in-depth paper examines the much debated and controversial issue regarding the use of hormones within the cattle industry.
3,108 words (approx. 12.4 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 90.95
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Abstract
The writer of this well-researched paper details the health risks which can and do result, due to the use of hormones in the beef produced in America and around the world. This paper traces the use of hormones in beef back to the 1970s, when the U.S. began using hormones to accelerate the growth rate of animals in an effort to conserve time and money. The writer contends that over 95% of the cattle in the U.S. are currently being administered growth promoting hormones. This paper examines the ongoing conflict between the U.S., the European Union and Canada over the ban on cattle products produced with growth hormones. Since the 1950s, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), has been researching the effects of growth hormones and it, as well as other scientific experts, have found that there is no difference between beef raised on hormones and those raised without. This paper delves into the various FDA laws which permit the use of hormones in restricted amounts. The writer of this paper also focuses on the health risks involved with the ingestion of these hormones. Scientists and health experts contend that any increase in the level of hormones, above that which occurs naturally in humans, carries a potential risk of carcinogenic effects.
From the Paper
"Beginning in the 1970's the United State's meat industry began using hormones to improve the growth rate of animals in an effort to conserve time and money. In 1981, the European Union began restricting the use of growth hormones within the Union itself, and also began restricting the import of meat and meat products derived from cattle that had been given hormones. During the past years, the European Union have updated and/or amended its regulations several times, generally to include more hormones, however, for the most part, the regulations have remained the same. The dispute at the World Trade Organization concerns the use of six scientifically approved hormones used for cattle growth promotion, estradiol, melengestrol acetate, progesterone, testosterone, trenbolone acetate, and zeranol."
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Dispute Resolution, 2003.
Describes a hypothetical workplace dispute and applies various conflict resolution theories and tools to resolve the dispute.
1,628 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
Using a fictitious work dispute, as well as Stephen P. Robbins text entitled "Organizational Behavior", this paper discusses various theories which might be applied to work through the dispute and resolve it. The paper begins by describing the hypothetical workplace dispute - a disagreement over the terms of a new employment contract between a professional sports league's owners and players. It then defines the term 'conflict', using both Robbins' definition of conflict from the text, as well as the author's own interpretation of conflict. The paper thereafter discusses the desired negotiation outcomes from the perspective of both the players as well as the owners concerning the dispute. It does this by discussing Robbins' distributive bargaining and integrative bargaining, as well as forms of negotiation. The paper then talks about several decision-making biases that hinder the dispute resolution effort, citing several scenarios that could result because of these different biases. Finally, the paper concludes by summarizing everything in a final paragraph.
From the Paper
"While it would be preferable for the players and management to seek an integrative solution to their workplace dispute that will result in positive benefits for all, they will have to overcome several decision making biases that may hinder their negotiations. The biggest problem they may run into is engaging into is an irrational escalation of commitment. Robbins defines this as a situation where people continue a previously selected course of action beyond what rational analysis would recommend, because of the time and money they have already invested in pursuing that action (Robbins 585). Because of the emotional highs on both sides and the public scrutiny that are placed on the negotiations, both sides may be reluctant to give any ground or demonstrate any weakness at the negotiation table. Thus, both sides might willingly jump off a cliff together and engage in a work stoppage that will be detrimental to both of their interests."
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Dispute Resolution in a Business Environment, 2002.
Examines the importance of dispute resolution experts to ensure the smooth running of a business.
2,713 words (approx. 10.9 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 81.95
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Abstract
Over the past few decades, there has been a dramatic change in the way that businesses and courts approach dispute resolution. Businesses are now encouraged to resolve disputes by alternative methods, such as mediation and arbitration, rather than take all disputes to court.
This paper shows that effective dispute resolution is vital to the reputation of businesses, as well to the growth of trade and investment. Many methods of dispute resolution attempt to resolve conflicts that do not involve an alleged violation of law. This paper discusses Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) which refers to any form of mediation or arbitration and their use in resolving disputes and is largely used amongst companies worldwide to resolve business disputes. The paper shows that many ADR approaches are very flexible and include early neutral case evaluation, facilitation, conciliation, mediation, arbitration, negotiation, or any other dispute resolution method that may be appropriate for a particular dispute. The paper looks at the reasons behind the increasing popularity of ADR including the fact that a growing number of legal mandates require the use of mediation and arbitration to resolve disputes.
From the Paper
"Companies around the globe have used arbitration and mediation to settle a variety of disputes. For example, in the United States, arbitration and mediation are often used to settle labor disputes that are rooted in conflicting interpretations of existing employment contracts, construction disputes between general contractors and subcontractors relating to construction damage claims, or between contractors and owners relating to the nature of work and payment clauses in employee contracts, and shareholder disputes concerning the valuation of stock in closely held companies (Riskin, 1997, p. 277-279)."
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Alternate Dispute Resolution (ADR) and Lawyers Ethics, 2002.
Examines the ethical responsibility of lawyers to offer their clients alternate dispute resolution to resolve conflicts.
6,466 words (approx. 25.9 pages), 22 sources, APA, $ 149.95
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Abstract
In today's society, lawyers are encouraged to present the option of pursuing alternate dispute resolution to clients as a matter of good practice and lawyers who fail to do so may be subject to malpractice liability. This paper explores the growing popularity of alternate dispute resolution (ADR) due to the high costs, both financially and to relationships, of traditional litigation.
Subtitles in the Paper: Alternate Dispute Resolution; Ethics and Dispute Resolution; The Costs of Conflict; Ethical Issues in Choosing Whether and How to Mediate; Client Satisfaction; Methods of Dispute Resolution in Businesses; The Role of Counsel; Results of Alternate Dispute Resolution; A Lawyer's Duty to Advise About ADR; Ethical Rules of ADR; Lawyer as Client Representative or Advocate; Lawyers as Neutrals; Conflict of Interest; Malpractice and Negligence; History of ADR; Everyday Disputes; Determining the Role of a Mediator; Conclusion.
From the Paper
"Alternate dispute resolution is a practical business and personal solution, as there are significant costs associated with different ways of resolving disputes, which often outweigh the conflict itself .
The direct costs associated with disputes include the fees of lawyers and other professionals. In 1994, nearly 18 million cases were filed in U.S. courts at a cost of $300 billion.
Productivity costs involve the value of lost time, or the cost of what those involved would otherwise be producing. Continuity cost is the eventual end of relationships that would have continued without the conflict. Emotional cost reflects the pain of focusing on emotions and the problems this can cause psychologically."
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Dispute Resolution in the Workplace, 2004.
This paper uses a hypothetical workplace dispute around a sexual harassment issue to discuss dispute resolution in the workplace.
920 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper explains people have a tendency to assume that parties to a sexual harassment complaint cannot work together to resolve the dispute; but, by using mediation, the manager can potentially save the company's relationship with both employees and avoid a lawsuit. The author points out that, in today's work environment, both employers and employees are recognizing that they should not treat each other as adversaries when they must produce goods or perform services together. The paper stresses that workplace mediation presents important benefits to both employers and employees by providing fast, mutually satisfactory resolutions and by fostering mutual respect through improved communication.
From the Paper
"Mediation of workplace disputes can be very beneficial for companies that have no plans to change the structure or philosophy of their organizations. Employment litigation can be an expensive process, in terms of dollars spent, time lost, and relationships ruined. Mediating disputes as they arise in the workplace can help companies avoid those costs."
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The Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) Process.
This paper discusses the alternative dispute resolution (ADR) process as applied to a mortgage company.
950 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper explains a distinguishing feature of alternative dispute resolution is that the decision is made by an individual who is completely impartial in that decision and who refers to some standard rights, duties, law or common-law, and then applies some credible and authoritative body of rules or precedents. The author points out the characteristics of the process is a quick solution, confidential and without prejudice, in which the parties can discuss and debate the dispute before the dispute is a locked-in condition. The paper stresses that the importance of the individual being properly informed of the legalities in the mortgage ADR process because, within the mortgage lending company sector, there are mortgage companies considered to "predators in lending," charging unnecessary premiums in insurance and excess interest.
Table of Contents
Statement of Thesis
Introduction
Characteristics of the ADR Process
Characteristics within the Mortgage Company ADR Process: A Fictitious Example
The Applied Process of Alternative Dispute Resolution
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"A scenario is given in the work entitled 'First City Bank and the Press-Developing a Public Relations Strategy" is that in which a mortgage company scam has been discovered and has been published in the local paper. First City Bank is stated as being involved through having offered "allegedly high interest rate loans in low-income and minority neighborhoods as well as a high number of foreclosures in these areas." Further stated is the fact that private mortgage companies have been accused of collusion in relations with contractors and that the blame has been placed on the government within the city."
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Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT), 2007.
This paper is a research proposal, including a review of literature, regarding the prescription of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) by physicians.
9,855 words (approx. 39.4 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 200.95
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Abstract
This study examines the impact of the WHI as it relates to the prescription practices of physicians who have menopausal patients. The research explores such factors as the knowledge of the physicians as it pertains to the results of the WHI, years of practice, location of practice and the gender of the physicians. The paper hypothesizez that there will be some correlation between number of years in practice and the manner in which the results of the WHI are interpreted. Such a correlation is expected because a great deal of the existing research on this subject suggests that there is a correlation between these variables. The paper includes several long quotations, letters to physicians and the questionnaire.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Background of the Problem
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of the Study
Definitions of Terms...
Limitations of the Study
Review of the Literature
What is Menopause
Women's Health Initiative (WHI)
Hormone Therapy
Post-menopausal Use of Hormone Therapy
Potentially Harmful Effects of PHT
Impact of WHI on Physicians Prescribing HRT
Impact of WHI on Women using HRT
Alternatives for HRT.
Conclusion
Methodology
Overview of the Proposed Study
Research Methods
Subjects
Materials
Proposed Data Analysis
Appendixes
American Society of Reproductive Medicine Recommended Practice Guidelines for Hormone Therapy
Introductory Letters
Physician Survey on Hormone Therapy
Questionnaire in Prescribing Attitudes if Physicians for Hormone Therapy
From the Paper
"The primary limitation of the study is the response rate which was only 30%; although this type of response rate is consistent with a one-time physician survey. In addition the authors reiterate the idea that only one survey was sent so that the results of the survey would not be biased. The respondents were demographically comparable to non-respondents and the overall population of U.S. physicians. In addition the correlation between specialty and attitude was not restricted by gender, age, or region. Furthermore, worst-case assumptions in a sensitivity analysis did not alter the results of the evaluation."
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Alternative Dispute Resolution, 2005.
A critical examination of alternative dispute resolution in the U.K. in relation to commercial and business disputes.
1,655 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 25 sources, APA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the various methods of dispute resolution that are available to parties and critically examines the various disadvantages and advantages of the most popular methods of alternative dispute resolution (ADR). It also examines litigation and discusses to what extent ADR has replaced litigation.
From the Paper
"The case management introduced by Lord Woolf has encouraged the use of ADR and CPR rule 44 has meant that severe cost penalties can be imposed by the courts if ADR is not considered or is refused unreasonably. This is demonstrated in the case of Dunnett , here Railtrack had successfully defended an appeal from Dunnett and sought its costs, when the trial judge had granted Dunnett leave to appeal he advised her to consider ADR, she approached Railtrack but they refused the ADR. The Court of Appeal held the parties had a duty to further the overriding objective of the CPR and that this included considering ADR, in this case Railtrack had failed to do this before the cost of the appeal had begun to accumulate. This attitude by the courts demonstrates the importance that is placed on ADR and it puts it at the centre of the civil justice system."
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Alternative Dispute Resolution, 2006.
A discussion regarding alternative dispute resolution as opposed to taking legal action.
1,280 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the advantages of taking alternative dispute resolution rather than legal action and the specific conditions under which it is more beneficial. This paper shows us that the advantages of alternative dispute resolution are not universal, nor automatic, but should be the result of early screening and careful decision making.
Contents:
Overview
Overview of Alternative Dispute Resolution
Reported Advantages of Alternative Dispute Resolution
Recommendations
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Alternative dispute resolution describes the settling of disputes outside of a traditional legal arena (Legal Information Institute). Alternative dispute resolution can be used in almost any type of situation. This can include family, neighborhood, housing, and environmental disputes. Dispute resolution can be used in a number of business situations, including personal injury, employment, and consumer disputes (Center for Analysis of Alternative Dispute Resolution Systems). Alternative dispute resolution is also sometimes called dispute resolution or appropriate dispute resolution (Center for Analysis of Alternative Dispute Resolution Systems).
Alternative dispute resolution is actually a catch-all term that refers to a number of different processes used to resolve disputes. In reality, there are a number of different types of dispute resolution processes. These include arbitration, early neutral evaluation, mediation, a mini-trial, negotiation, neutral fact-finding, ombuds, private judging, settlement conferences, a summary jury trial (Center for Analysis of Alternative Dispute Resolution Systems), and conciliation (Legal Information Institute). Arbitration and mediation are the most common forms of disputer resolution (Legal Information Institute)."
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Alternative Dispute Resolution as a Tool in Public Policy, 2003.
A comprehensive overview of alternative dispute resolution methods and approaches.
6,558 words (approx. 26.2 pages), 21 sources, APA, $ 150.95
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Abstract
In the past, duels and showdowns were commonplace methods of dispute resolution, but things have changed. Perhaps as a reflection of a more complex society or a growing recognition of individual rights, the United States has experienced an enormous increase in the number of lawsuits filed over the last half of the 20th century. However, when people and businesses are faced with resolving problems in a fair and equitable manner, they have many other options available to them, which have become increasingly popular as court calendars continue to lengthen. Alternative dispute resolution has greatly expanded over the last several years to include many areas in addition to the traditional commercial dispute; mediation has become an important first step in the process. This paper provides an overview of alternative dispute resolution methods and approaches, a discussion of potential drawbacks and constraints, and an assessment of whether these methods are appropriate for the public sector. A summary of the research is provided in the conclusion.
From the Paper
"Some jurisdictions and courts in the U.S. require early neutral evaluation. Under early neutral evaluation, parties to litigation are required to make presentations to a neutral evaluator. The evaluator is engaged to provide both parties with an assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of their respective positions, and to facilitate disputes. Courts in some jurisdictions may have case management conferences at which time staff counsel or other court officers may take active roles in promoting settlement discussions."
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Mediation and Dispute Resolution, 2005.
This paper examines different forms of alternative dispute resolution and makes a case why mediation is the best of these alternatives to litigation.
1,202 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how in an increasingly heterogeneous American society, the formality of courts and their adherence to the traditional adversary model has led to the recent emergence of several methods of alternative dispute resolution (ADRs). It examines how some of these methods, which include mediation, negotiation and arbitration, provide an alternative to litigation and have several advantages. It attempts to show that mediation is the most effective form of alternative dispute resolution, by examining the current system, the adversarial system and what aspects of this system create the need for alternative forms of dispute resolution. It also compares its advantages to the other forms of alternate dispute resolution.
From the Paper
"In examining the reasons for the need of alternative dispute resolution, it is necessary to analyze the current method of resolving conflict in the American legal system. This system, known as the adversarial system, bases its existence on the central tenet "that conflict resolution is best achieved through an adversary process" (Levett Notes). This consists of two parties in a courtroom represented by an appointed advocate who is familiar with the law. The advocate presents his client's case before the judge, an independent fact-finder who weighs the merits of the case and evaluates their consistence with the law. This system is different from the inquisitorial system, which is used primarily in Europe, and has several crucial distinctions from the adversarial system."
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Mexico-U.S. Water Dispute, 2004.
An examination of the Mexico-U.S. water dispute that has affected farmers on both sides of the border.
1,203 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
The Mexican-U.S. dispute over water shortages in the Rio Grande has its roots in Mexico's failure to abide by a 1944 water treaty. As a result, U.S. farmers on the American side of the Rio Grande have been strongly impacted, with many losing their businesses, and the area's agricultural industry has been severely damaged by the water shortage. This paper discusses how the U.S. government has been accused of dragging its feet on the issue and how Mexico has remained largely defiant of its action. It suggests that the solution to this issue may lie in stricter enforcement and the creation of new international laws involving the use of shared water resources, as well as beefing up water conservation on both sides of the border.
From the Paper
"In recent years, Mexico and the United States have clashed over water shortages on either side of the Rio Grande River in South Texas. Mexico's failure to abide by a 1944 water treaty since 1992 has severely damaged U.S. agriculture. While Mexico seems largely unrepentant and unwilling to release water to the U.S., U.S. officials have been accused of ignoring the issue in the wake of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). While steps are being made to address the issue, including water conservation and the release of some water owed to the U.S., much remains to be done to solve the shortage. Changes to international law involving the use of shared water resources may provide some long-term relief while the creation of more water conservation measures will likely help alleviate the shortage in the short-term."
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Softwood Lumber Dispute, 2007.
This paper examines the US-Canadian softwood lumber dispute in a Canadian context.
1,978 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that the proposed softwood lumber agreement is designed to resolve the long standing trade dispute between Canada and the United States. The paper explains why Canada's primary objective with the proposed agreement is to liberalize trade. The paper explores whether Canada's interests are being served by this agreement. The paper looks at an important interest group, the National Association of Home Builders (NAHB) that supports Canada in this dispute.
Outline:
The Proposed Agreement
Interest Groups
From the Paper
"The proposed softwood lumber agreement is designed to finally resolve the long standing trade dispute between Canada and the United States. It has provisions that are beneficial for Canada and provisions that are beneficial for the United States."
"The major benefit for the Canadian industry is the fact that the agreement would result in the elimination of the trade barriers currently in place. For example, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Trade's website states,
"The U.S. will revoke the CVD and AD orders on Canadian softwood lumber imports and stop collecting deposits"(Anonymous www. international.gc.ca/eicb/softwood/basic-terms-en.as). This would mean that the trade barriers erected by the United States would be essentially eliminated.""
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Australian Pilot Dispute, 2002.
An analysis of the Australian air pilot dispute of 1989-1990.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper will discuss the Australian Air Pilots Dispute and seek to find, through the Dunlop Industrial Relations Systems, how the pilots reacted to the Airlines that sought to control the number of hours they could fly in a given time. By analyzing these aspects of this system of relations, we can see how it was effective, yet had a limitation upon the men who took part in it. Also, the two differing sides of the dispute are presented and their claims made.
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