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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder & Ritalin, 1996.
Discussion of Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) & Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Further discussion of the drug Ritalin with an analysis of its frequency of prescription.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 6 sources, $ 79.95
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From the Paper
"Why do doctors over prescribe Ritalin and why do they prescribe Ritalin more than any other medication for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder? This paper will discuss ADHD and the possible reasons Ritalin is so popularly used in this disorder.
Attention deficit disorder (ADD), or attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), can be debilitating and is widespread. For the most part, this condition is considered a childhood disorder. Most of the research involves children but more attention is now being given to older adolescents and adults. It is thought that ADHD lessens as children grow into..."
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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), 2005.
This paper argues against the use of prescribed medications for the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and suggests alternative methods of treatment.
1,315 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, because children with ADHD have behavioral characteristics that are disruptive in the classroom, parents of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder may experience numerous battles with educators and administrators about the need to medicate their children. The author points out that prescribed medications, commonly given to ADHD children such as Adderall and Ritalin have many side effects. The paper urges that a consistent behavior modification program is an excellent and successful substitute for medicating these children
Table of Contents
History of ADHD and its Symptoms
Struggles of having a Child with ADHD
Medications Used for the Treatment of ADHD and their Side Effects
Alternative Options for Treatment
From the Paper
"Another commonly prescribed medication for the child with ADD or ADHD is Ritalin. Ritalin has historically been used for the treatment of ADD of ADHD the longest, and it has the same side effects as Adderall and all of the other medications prescribed for the treatment of ADD and ADHD. In May of 2000 in a Texas court, the law firm of Waters and Kraus brought forth a class action suit against the manufactures of Ritalin. This suit charged that the American Psychiatric Association committed fraud in conspiring to over-promote the diagnosis of ADHD and its treatment with the stimulant, Ritalin (Breggin). What many citizens do not know is that representatives of prescription drug companies visit doctors' offices on a daily basis."
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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), 2002.
This paper reviews an article by K. L. O'Connell about the pediatric nurse's role in the assessment and treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).
955 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 1 source, $ 33.95
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Abstract
The author believes that this article by K. L. O'Connell is a valuable practical guide to the assessment and treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The paper reviews O'Connell's working description of some aspects of the nursing process. This paper states that the nurse's primary role emerges at the assessment stage and that the second important nursing role, especially for school nurses, is in the treatment of ADHD.
From the Paper
"Behavioral interventions, controlled environments and individual and family counseling also are described as complementary aspects of treatment. In the sample case O'Connell describes a subject whose symptoms were first identified by a pediatric nurse and whose school performance and behavior were vastly improved by two years of Ritalin therapy and environment management (e.g., seating selection and isolated settings for academic testing)."
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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, 2002.
An overview of the diagnosis and treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and discussion of whether children actually grow out of it.
2,900 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 9 sources, $ 106.95
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Abstract
This paper seeks to determine whether any children suffering from ADHD ever really 'grow out of it', identifies and analyzes the specific factors involved, discusses what treatments may be administered to assist the process, and draws appropriate conclusions as to the veracity of the data in the sources which have been consulted. The difficulties involved in diagnosing Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in adults are also examined, as is the question of whether these difficulties trigger uncertainty about the scope of adult ADHD and subsequently hinder any true understanding of how many children grow out of ADHD.
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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, 2004.
An analysis of the increase in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADD/ADHD) and the various treatments available.
2,285 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 13 sources, APA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the increase in the number of children identified as suffering from Attention Deficit (Hyperactivity) Disorder, or AD(H)D. Two pertinent areas are debated in an attempt to provide a logical solution to developing coping strategies for the child, as well as his or her educators and family. One, the writer believes that the escalation of ADD/ADHD cases is, in part, due to inappropriate developmental expectations that cause some learners to be regarded as 'learning disabled' or underachievers. Two, because our schools and culture esteem the highly articulate or logical people in our society, uniform teaching methods in the classroom should be reviewed to also include alternative teaching methods that recognize diverse intelligences, so that individuals with a unique way of thinking and learning are recognized and acknowledged and not marginalized. The paper also includes information on pharmacological treatment and psycho-social therapeutic techniques as relevant treatment for children diagnosed with ADD/ADHD.
Outline
Introduction
Definition of ADD/ADHD
Symptoms
Thesis Statement
Developmental Expectations
Alternative Teaching Philosophy
Treatment
Pharmacological Treatment
Psychosocial Therapeutic Techniques
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Sometimes the term 'attention deficit disorder', referred to as ADD, is used as an alternative to describing 'hyperactivity' at the severe end of the spectrum. ADHD stands for Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity. This mental condition is under-recognized and includes symptoms such as forgetfulness, poor academic performance, difficulty completing tasks and being easily distracted. Children suffering from ADHD are also fidgety and inclined to interrupt others. "ADHD is also characterized by multiple symptoms of persistent and dysfunctional patterns of over-activity, impulsiveness, inattention, and distractibility". (Behavior Disorders, 2003). Severe hyperactivity is also called hyperkinetic disorder, which is only diagnosed when all three main features - impulsiveness, over-activity and inattention - are present. In addition, the presence of these traits should be consistent at school and at home and have to be placed in the context of the overall development of the child."
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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, 2002.
A look at current treatment options for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder among children.
2,650 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 10 sources, $ 97.95
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Abstract
This upper-division level paper examines the psychological treatment applied to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in children. It looks at the behavioral modification and medication approaches that are currently in fashion and examines the findings of recent research.
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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), 2006.
This paper argues that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is over-diagnosed.
2,170 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, because the clinical diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is based on symptomatology and that, because there are no biological markers as yet, physicians and parents are concerned with the accurate diagnosis of children with ADHD and the quantification of the level of impairment. The author points out that, in the U.S., the incidence of the diagnosis of ADHD has skyrocketed over recent years. The paper stresses that the simple question is whether ADHD is a genuine disorder or a pathological label for normal, if frustrating, childhood behavior such as inattentiveness, hyperactivity and impulsiveness. The paper includes several quotations.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
ADHD Overview
Diagnosis
ADHD - Over-diagnosed
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Although guidelines have been established, to assist physicians in the diagnosing of ADHD, many physicians are unfamiliar with these guidelines. Instead, they base their diagnosis on inaccurate methods such as in-office observation and whether or not the patient responds to stimulant prescriptions, which leads to over-diagnosis via mis-diagnosis of ADHD. This inconsistent and inaccurate testing is compounded by society's desire to see children diagnosed with ADHD."
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Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, 2008.
An analysis of the significance of the lack of research into drug treatment for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
2,210 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 22 sources, APA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the lack of research that exists with respect to attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and its treatment. It particularly discusses the research available with regard to drug treatment for the disorder. The paper discusses some of the issues related to ADHD, the research that is available and the areas that have not been clearly researched or are lacking definitive answers. The paper also discusses the significance of the lack of research and why more research needs to be done into this area.
From the Paper
"In closing, the last several pages have clearly shown that ADHD is a problem for which there are, as of yet, few definitive answers. This is significant because we are, in effect, plying children with drugs even as we have yet to determine which ones are best for which elements of ADHD - or if any one of the drug products now on the market really work at all in overcoming all of the symptoms that make Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder such a complex and frustrating thing to treat. When time is taken to review the literature, it is fairly clear that we should be retreating from our heavy reliance upon drugs in this matter until we can develop products capable of addressing all of the facets of ADHD and not merely one item or the next. Further, it would also help if we could arrive at some consensus about which drugs really work for which symptoms. In the end, much more work remains to be done."
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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, 2005.
An analysis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) through an examination of a case study.
1,370 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a case study of a little girl called Theresa who is diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The paper explains the disorder and discusses the different symptoms evident in a child with ADHD. Different methods of treatment are explored. The paper contends that, while there are many speculative theories of the cause of ADHD, the actual cause is unknown.
From the Paper
"To offer a shared understanding of what attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) is, the following case study is presented for the reader. Theresa is a five-year-old girl attending kindergarten in a small town. Prior to beginning kindergarten, Theresa seemed to be well adjusted and well liked by everyone. Everything changed when she started kindergarten. Theresa's teacher was sending home notes on a daily basis describing behavior that was not the normal for Theresa. According to her teacher, Theresa refused to follow the class rules and was causing problems and getting in fights with the other children. Naturally, Theresa's mother was concerned and worked diligently with the teacher to turn Theresa's behavior around. All to no avail. Theresa kept getting into trouble and her mother, in a last ditch effort, decided to take Theresa in to see a physician. The family physician referred Theresa to a child psychologist in hopes they would be able to make a diagnosis. Some of Theresa's abnormal behaviors included constant motion when she was suppose to be sitting down or resting quietly with the rest of the class, constant body motion when she was sitting (i.e. swinging her feet, tapping her hands on the desk), not paying attention to the teacher. The psychologists interviewed Theresa and her mother and observed Theresa for several hours. Of course the behaviors in question were all present during the entire interview. At the conclusion of the interview, the psychologist diagnosed Theresa with ADHD."
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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), 2005.
An overview of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, its symptoms, etiology and treatment.
3,064 words (approx. 12.3 pages), 20 sources, MLA, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper takes an in-depth look at the behavioral disorder known as Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), providing first a general definition of the disorder, a description of typical symptoms associated with ADHD, and an explanation of why it is difficult to understand the etiology of ADHD. It then describes the difficulty in assessing and diagnosing children with ADHD, discusses what is known about the etiology of the disorder, and looks at treatment options available for ADHD. The paper also briefly discusses what is known about ADHD in adults and concludes by noting that additional areas of study are required in order to obtain a better understanding of ADHD.
Assessment and Diagnosis
Etiology
Treatment
Comorbidity
ADHD in Adults
From the Paper
"Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a very controversial disorder, and its diagnosis, unfortunately, is only empirical. ADHD is a "very loosely defined assemblage of neuropsychiatric clusters appearing in childhood and often persisting into adolescence and even adulthood" (Kidd, 2000). The most common symptoms of ADHD include age-inappropriate inattention/inability to stay focused, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. However, other symptoms may often include things such as restlessness, mood swings, temper tantrums, problems completing tasks, disorganization, and an inability to cope with stress (Kidd, 2000)."
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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Teaching Methods, 2005.
A look at the problem of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children and methods for teaching children suffering from this disorder.
2,475 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 25 sources, APA, $ 87.95
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Abstract
This paper describes and discusses various methods for teaching children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The paper also discusses the difficulties encountered by children with ADHD.
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Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder, 2005.
This paper discusses attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
2,328 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that ADHD is a diagnosis applied to children and adults who consistently display certain characteristic behaviors over a period of time. The writer points out that the most common behaviors fall into three categories: inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsiveness. However, not everyone who is overly hyperactive, inattentive, or impulsive has an attention disorder. The writer discusses that to assess whether a person has ADHD, specialists consider whether these behaviors are excessive, long-term, and pervasive. The writer also discusses that there are medications used to treat the symptoms of ADHD. The writer maintains that for lasting improvement, however, numerous clinicians believe that the most significant, long-lasting gains appear when medication is combined with behavioral therapy, emotional counseling, dietary control, and practical support.
Outline:
Abstract
What are the symptoms of ADHD?
Assessing ADHD
Can other disorders accompany ADHD?
What causes ADHD?
Treatment Options
From the Paper
"Also, ADHD shares many symptoms and some common genetic basis with bipolar illness, so the two can be difficult to distinguish. This is especially the case for children under the age of ten, since there is more symptom overlap in that age group. Children with ADHD and bipolar illness are probably often mistaken for each other. In both disorders, the child may be irritable, hyperactive, impulsive, and distractible. The diagnosis is complicated by the fact that children can and often do suffer from both ADHD and bipolar disorder. Some researchers have suggested the symptoms of ADHD and bipolar illness overlap because they are not two separate disorders, but, rather, somewhat different manifestations of the same underlying disease process. ADHD is four to seven times more common in boys than in girls. Bipolar illness affects equal numbers of boys and girls."
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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), 2006.
A review of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
2,110 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at ADHD, a disorder that has been brought to the public attention in recent years, especially with regard to child and student development. This paper attempts to show how students with ADHD generally face greater learning problems and subsequent development problems, than those students who do not have ADHD.
Outline:
Introduction
Definition of ADHD
Symptoms
ADHD and Learning Problems
Conclusion
From the Paper
"A diagnosis of ADHD is dependent on information obtained from various sources, including parents, physicians, and teachers. Attention deficit is suspected if the child is easily distracted, unable to follow more than one instruction at a time or does not listen when spoken to directly. The child may be considered hyperactive if he or she has trouble participating in 'quiet' activities such as reading, talks excessively or runs and climbs in inappropriate situations. (Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder) Furthermore, a student with ADHD may also experience sleep problems, experience specific learning problems and fail to meet age-appropriate intellectual developmental milestones. "
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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, 2005.
This paper discusses the problem of the misdiagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).
1,745 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper relates that the marked increase in the number of children diagnosed with the disorder ADHD and placed on stimulant medications is being debated and questions are being asked about possible misdiagnosis. The author is concerned about children being labeled ADHD without ever having a formal evaluation and doctors providing "trial" periods of medications based on little more than the mother stating the child is hyperactive and cannot concentrate. The paper cites a recent study in Australia, which indicated that 75 percent of the ADHD children in the study were misdiagnosed and were being medicated with stimulant medications, which put them at risk for side affects and addiction to the medication.
Table of Contents
Introduction
The Problem
Conclusion
From the Paper
"When it comes to the disorder called ADHD. there has been much media attention. Parents nationwide are faced with the dilemma as to whether or not they should medicate their child. Often times the decision to medicate is made so that the child is easier for the school and teacher to handle more than to assist the child. However, there are advocates of ADHD who believe that medication means a lifetime of differences for those who have the disorder. Children who really do have the disorder can often benefit from using one of the many ADHD medications that are on the market. The medications allow them to focus and complete work in school as well as cooperate with the rules expected of the students."
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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, 2006.
An analysis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
4,000 words (approx. 16.0 pages), 18 sources, MLA, $ 108.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the increased level of awareness within the classroom and educational facilities regarding the issue of learning disabilities. The paper focuses primarily on ADHD, reviewing the history of the disorder, as well as the various treatments. According to the paper, children with ADHD were removed from the mainstream classrooms and placed into facilities for children with special needs. This is no longer the case today.
From the Paper
"Boyd and Parish like the historical segregation of students with special needs to the segregation of black children prior to the 1954 Brown Vs. the Board of Education of Topeka Kansa, where black children were segregated from white children in schools. The reality of the situation prior to 1975 was a often bleak as potential students were often never served in the public education system and were sometimes even remitted to institutional care because it was believed that it was only in such places that these children could learn, if they could learn at all, the prevailing opinion. Situations where behavioral symptoms, but limited physical symptoms were noted such as in cases like ADHD, prior to it acceptance as a diagnosis, might have been treated differently as these children were often segregated after attempting mainstream school to alternative schools, where they were available for behaviorally challenged children, often stigmatized as bad kids who had no social control over their actions in a very strict environment and even today there is a problem with children with certain forms of mental illness being mainstreamed not into school but into the juvenile correction system and even prison. (Ginsburg, and Demeranville 17) "
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