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Anna Freud.
This paper discusses the life and work of Anna Freud, the originator of child psychoanalysis and daughter of Sigmund Freud, the originator of psychology.
2,920 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 86.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Anna Freud was dedicated to her father all through her lifetime and had a close relationship with him rather than with her mother and siblings. The author points out that Anna Freud extended the principle of psychoanalysis to children, but found that her father's 'Little Hans' analysis did not apply to children. The paper relates that Anna Freud thought, when one feature or another of a child's development critically lags behind the rest, the clinician should cite this difficult stage and focus the child's analysis on this specific lag.
From the Paper
"Additionally, her role as a teacher in a school helped her to acquire the insight into ego psychology. She established the Hampstead Child Therapy Course and Clinic in London in 1947 and worked as its director after 1952. She was the author of numerous scientific books and papers and she assisted in setting up the yearly periodical Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, in 1945. She was full of activity on almost all days working on something original or improving something that was old. The succession of projects she handled came so frequently that she did not have any break between projects."
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Anna Freud, 2006.
A review of the life and legacy of Anna Freud.
850 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the life of Anna Freud (1895-1982), the daughter of Sigmund Freud, the founder of the psychoanalytical school of psychology. The paper maintains that Anna presents a fascinating study into the validity of her father's theory about "family romance" and the subconscious attraction children have for their opposite sex parent. The paper studies the life and work of Anna Freud and how she lived most of her life in the shadow of her famous father. The paper also looks at how Anna carved out her own individual identity through her pioneering work on child psychoanalysis, ego psychology and the use of defense mechanism in psychiatry, eventually winning acknowledgement as a leader in both the Vienna and British psychoanalytic societies.
Outline
Early Life and Education
The Turning Point
Her Major Contribution
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Anna, the youngest of six children, was born to Sigmund and Martha Bernays Freud in Vienna, Austria, on December 3, 1895. She must have been a lively and naughty child as is reflected in a letter that Freud wrote to his friend Fliess in 1899 remarking: "Anna has become downright beautiful through naughtiness." (Quoted in "Life and Work of Anna Freud" 2005) From the beginning, Anna was not particularly close to her mother, but formed a special bond with her father. As a young girl, she lived in the shadow of her elder sister, Sophie, who was more beautiful. Not able to compete to her elder sister in looks, Anna decided to excel in intellect and the family appropriately called them "the beauty and the brain." ("Anna Freud" n.d.)"
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Anna Freud's Sexuality, 1994.
A discussion of her virginity, homosexuality, personality development, self-identity, femininity vs. masculinity and the relationship with her father Sigmund and her patient/companion Dorothy Burlingham.
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 12 sources, $ 95.95
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From the Paper
"Anna Freud: An Examination of Sexuality
Introduction
This research examines the life of Anna Freud with a view toward assessing the sexuality of Sigmund Freud's youngest child. Interest in the question of Anna Freud's sexuality derives from descriptions of the woman as being distant and sexually repressed (Heller, 1992, pp. 48-74), the fact that she never married or developed a physically intimate relationship with a man (Young-Bruehl, 1988, p. 63), and her long and close relationship with Dorothy Burlingham, of which Anna Freud herself was concerned that could be..."
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Freud on Art and Literature, 2001.
The paper looks at Freud?s conceptions about art and literature and the creative forces of motivation on an author.
2,953 words (approx. 11.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 87.95
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Abstract
This paper is about Sigmund Freud's concept of 'unconscious' and its relevance in the arts. The author discusses how Freud is commonly recognized as having invented the concept of the ?unconscious?. The author explaines that the subordination of the ?pleasure principle? by the ?reality principle? is done through a mental process that Freud refers to as sublimation. According to Sigmund Freud, dreams and fantasies (or phantasies) are the symbolic expression and fulfillment of wishes and desires that as a result of sublimation by the ?reality principle? cannot be fulfilled through daily life and are consequently repressed into the ?unconscious.? To Freud, ?the motive forces of fantasies are unsatisfied wishes, and every single fantasy is the fulfillment of a wish, a correction of unsatisfying reality? (Freud 485). Freud affirms that dreams are disguised, hallucinatory fulfillment?s of repressed wishes. He concludes that if expressed in undisguised form, they would be so disturbing that it would wake the dreamer from sleep. Freud?s fundamental assumption is that the sublimation of the artist?s unsatisfied libido is responsible for producing all forms of art and literature whether it be painting, sculpting, or writing. David H. Richter notes in his introduction to ?Sigmund Freud? that Freud was once criticized by Carl Gustav Jung, a fellow psychoanalytic theorist, for insinuating that artists were diseased individuals creating art out of their own personal neurotic needs. The writer feels that Freud insinuates that art is primarily an escapist method, that ?in an ideal world in which everyone had matured sufficiently to replace the pleasure principle by the reality principle, there would be no need for art? (Storr 103).
From the Paper
"The historical tradition of scholarly theory has been one in which literary texts are subjected to scrutiny regarding whether they are either implicitly or explicitly ideological in nature. Arguably so, nothing reflects a society?s fears, hopes, and desires about gender, class, and power more than what the society maintains about art and artists. A literary text is credible of fully reflecting the culture in which it was written, that is to say, it has the potential to embody certain sociological assumptions presented in the dichotomy between ?normal? and ?abnormal.? Sigmund Freud, the patriarch of psychoanalysis, is associated with Charles Darwin and Karl Marx as being ?one of the three original thinkers who have most altered man?s view of himself in the twentieth century? (Storr 145). Yet, even literary theorists, including Freud, realized that ?any comprehensive vision of human nature such as he provides must have implications for the nature of happiness, and for the relation of man?s natural capacities to his normal or ideal state? (Sousa 196). That is, numerous later theorists and critics believe that Freud?s own theories about the function and nature of the mind uncovered some fundamental truths about how an individual?s notions of ?self? are formed and how culture and civilization operate and are affected by these notions. Coinciding with Freud?s own account, the significance of everyday action is determined by motives that are far more numerous and complex than people are aware of or commonsense understanding takes into account. The most basic and constant of motives that influence our actions are those of the unconscious, moreover, those that are difficult to acknowledge or avow. Freud?s conception of the unconscious and his rediscovery of the importance of dreams encouraged painters, sculptors and writers to pay serious attention to their inner world of dreams; to find significance in thoughts and images they previously would have dismissed as absurd or illogical. Therefore it is plausible that notions of art and literature as described by Sigmund Freud, are created through the ramifications of the unconscious or the sublimation of an unsatisfied carnal appetite."
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Freud's "Dora", 2003.
A feminist critique of Freud's famous patient, "Dora". "Dora" was Freud's initial attempt to marry dream therapy with psychoanalysis.
2,532 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 16 sources, APA, $ 76.95
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Abstract
This paper attempts to deconstruct and expose the inherent patriarchal ideologies in Freud's psychoanalysis of his famous patient, "Dora". The basis of Freud's psychoanalytic theories revolved around sexuality, and his account of her "madness" condemns her sexuality and dismisses all feminine sexuality. This is a feminist critique of Freud's theories, in general, and specifically, in regards to his comments on the case of "Dora", which attempt to expose the unconscious assumptions that Freud saw in everyone else but himself. The contention of this paper is thus that the society and culture and gender of an individual directly influences his or her perception and interpretation of another individual, and thus Freud, as a privileged, white man in a patriarchal society, could never hope to help or analyse "Dora" accurately.
From the Paper
"For Dr Sigmund Freud the case analysis of ?Dora? signified the possibility of proclaiming a marriage between dream analysis and psychoanalysis to the psychoanalytic community (Freud, 1901/1905: 44ff.). Yet it was never the woman in analysis who was of importance for either Freud or the psychoanalytic community. Ida Bauer was never important and nor was her Symbolic representation, Dora. Indeed all the women within Dora?s case are characterised as ?nothing,? no woman is important (Gallop, 1985: 216). It might be argued that we can never truly know the content of Ida?s ?nothingness? because Dora was Freud?s invention, his interpretation, biases and desires postured onto her feminine form (Geargear, 1985: 177). However we need not know Ida?s real life story as Freud?s narration of her is more indicative of Ida?s status as a woman within a patriarchal society than any autobiographical account could ever have been. Thus Dora becomes a fluid character who need not claim a ?real? identity or to be set in an historical moment for she exceeds Ida and is instead the transcendent woman; her hysteria is every woman?s hysteria."
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Exploring Freud: Controversy and Influence, 2002.
Provides an explanation of some of Freud?s controversial issues, critiques of him by colleagues, ?neo-Freudians? and anti-Freudians and an assessment of Freud?s overall influence in the field of modern psychology.
2,550 words (approx. 10.2 pages), 20 sources, MLA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
The essay discusses three of Freud's most radical and debated sex-based discoveries: The "psychosexual stages" and the Oedipus and Electra (penis envy) complexes. It goes on to discuss the opinions of contemporaries Carl Jung and Alfred Adler, adaptations on Freudian theories by Erik Erikson and Karen Horney and the opinion of Freud's feminist critics. It also explores why the religious world rejects much of Freud's work. The essay concludes with an assessment of Freud's influence based on modern tenets of psychology and the use of Freudian diagnostic and treatment methods today.
From the Paper
"At one time or another, everyone needs to express his or her feelings in an unending flow of speech. Known as venting, this type of self-expression sits at the center of debate surrounding a very curious man, Sigismund Schlomo Freud. Psychoanalysis is based on the relief experienced when thoughts are expressed, and psychoanalysis was created by Freud as a method of treating mental illness. Freud created theories of love, power, language, development, death, and sex, applying them ?to disciplines ranging from psychology to anthropology to literary theory? (Muckenhoupt 10). He has been called the ?best known and most influential personality theorist? (Morris 3). At the same time, his treatment has been deemed ?ineffective and dangerous? and his ideas about child sexuality have ?horrified many critics? (Muckenhoupt 10). His modern relevance is still the topic of much debate, with extreme claims made by both sides of the argument, but ultimately, it can be acknowledged, that if nothing else, Freud ?opened the door? to a whole new world of the unconscious (Downs 183- 185)."
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"Anna Karenina", 2005.
A look at the argument that Frou-Frou can be closely compared to Anna among the characteristics of each's relationship with Alexei Vronsky in Leo Tolstoy's "Anna Karenina".
1,642 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 0 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how Anna and Vronsky continue an intense relationship although it is considered wrong under Russian societal standards in Leo Tolstoy's "Anna Karenina". It looks at how this relationship goes through many stages, which can be paralleled through Vronsky's relationship with his racehorse Frou-Frou. This paper analyzes the details that prove this parallel.
From the Paper
"Additionally, Frou-Frou's behavior and physical appearance during Vronsky's first visit closely resemble Tolstoy's description of Anna. Frou-Frou is "of unusually wide girth," while Anna is described as "carrying her rather full body" (181, 63). The physical attributes of the horse Vronsky adores closely mirror the initial physical attraction Vronsky has for Anna. Although it may typically be improper to compare a woman with a horse, the physical descriptions are similar. Also, as Vronsky approaches Frou-Frou "the more excited she grew" (182). Frou-Frou's behavior indicates a reciprocated feeling for Vronsky, which Anna also possesses. "
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Sigmund Freud's "Civilization and Its Discontents", 2008.
Analyzes Sigmund Freud's "Civilization and Its Discontents" from the standpoint of Socrates and Jesus Christ.
2,155 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper states that, in Sigmund Freud's "Civilization and Its Discontents", Freud contends that the feeling of spirituality or religion is the result of one's ego. The author, who plays the role of Socrates, uses the Socratic method to question Freud's arguments. The paper concludes by questioning how there could be sinfulness if Freud believes that religion is an illusion. The author, in the role of Socrates, relates that "sins" are concepts that religions have invented to make people feel guilty and go to church. The author concludes by analyzing each of the beatitudes of the "Sermon on the Mount" from this psychological position.
Table of Contents:
Socrates Responds to Sigmund Freud's "Civilization and Its Discontents"
Sigmund Freud on the Sermon on the Mount
From the Paper
"But let's move on to Beatitude number four: "Blessed are they which do hunger and thirst after righteousness for they shall be filled." In my own research I have discovered that a desire for happiness in many hearts and minds is matched by a willingness to do good, to try to accomplish positive things for others. This satisfies the ego, and when the parents of a child instill in that child the values that are unselfish, that person while growing up will have a strong desire to be righteous."
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Sigmund Freud and "Dora: An Analysis of a Case of Hysteria", 1995.
This paper argues that Sigmund Freud's subconscious desire for his 18-year-old patient in "Dora: An Analysis of a Case of Hysteria" may have shaped Freud's treatment of her.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 1 source, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
"Sigmund Freud, in "Dora: An Analysis of a Case of Hysteria" , provides an example of the patriarchal abuse of power in the psychoanalytic setting. This abuse would be nothing new in that profession, were it not for the fact that Freud has hidden from himself the truth of what is occurring in his attempt to create out of the hysterical Dora a new human being more to his liking and approval. What is actually happening is that Freud himself has fallen in love with Dora, and every interpretation he makes of her case reflects his obsession with her, and his rage at the fact that she has shown the independence, audacity and wisdom to leave him before he has been able to re-create her in his own image.
This assertion may seem outlandish at first, but if we examine the case of Dora and Freud's interpretation (and ... "
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Sigmund Freud, 2003.
A discussion of the life of Sigmund Freud and and his contributions to psychology.
2,009 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the field of psychology would be very different without the work and contributions of Sigmund Freud. It looks at how not only did Freud introduce the world to the idea of psychoanalysis, but how he also introduced the stages of infantile sexual development and how he classified mental activity on three levels.
It provides an introduction into Freud's life and evaluates the factors that may have attributed to his ideas and thoughts. It describes his psychoanalysis theory, his theory of infantile sexuality and his three mind classifications (id, ego, superego).
From the Paper
"Freud also introduced the very interesting but also very controversial theory of infantile sexuality. The entire theory rests on Freud's belief that from the moment of birth, the infant?s action is driven by the desire for bodily/sexual pleasure. According to Freud, there are 5 stages an infant must successfully pass through in order to have a normal and healthy adulthood. Conflicts between the sex drive and rules of society are present at every stage. A proper resolution of the conflicts will lead the child to progress past one stage and move on to the next. Failure to achieve a proper resolution, however, will make the child fixated in the present stage. And this fixation is believed to be the cause of many personality and behavioral disorders."
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Dr. Sigmund Freud, 2004.
This paper is a biography of Dr. Sigmund Freud, ?father of psychiatry?.
1,570 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that most people know Dr. Sigmund Freud as the ?father of psychiatry? and associate him with the famous ?Oedipus Complex?, but very few know that, before making his discoveries about the workings of the human mind and personality, he was a physical scientist, who first used cocaine as an anesthetic during eye surgery. The author points out that Freud, believing one?s gender played a very large role in the development of one?s personality and mind, was the first physician to treat mentally and emotionally disturbed patients humanely. The paper states that, although Freud?s methodology seems to have gone out of style, Freud?s granddaughter, also a psychiatrist, believes that the core of Freud's thinking reflects, in many ways, pioneering postmodern insights compatible with current cognitive and constructivist ideas and neurophysiological brain research.
Table of Contents
Early Life
From Fear to Modernity
Same Stuff, Different Day
A Man for our Times?
Time?s Up
From the Paper
"There were other components to his belief system, of course, often connected to boys? fears concerning their private parts. Girls were supposed to envy their brothers and fathers, something Freud connected to their differing gender-specific physical equipment, but which?looking back at how badly society in Victorian times oppressed women?might well have been a rational reaction on the part of those girls and women. They saw that they could not achieve what men did. Freud attributed that to anatomy; these days, we would attribute it to the expectations of society."
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"Freud & Man's Soul" by Bruno Bettelheim, 1990.
This paper analyzes the book, "Freud & Man's Soul" by Bruno Bettelheim about Sigmund Freud's work as humanistic investigation into human soul.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 1 source, $ 39.95
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From the Paper
"The purpose of this paper is to discuss, analyze and critique the book, "Freud & Man's Soul" by Bruno Bettelheim.
This is a very interesting book, which is probably familiar to philosophers but not to medical practitioners of psychoanalysis. In this book, the author, Bruno Bettelheim, noted educator and child psychologist, discusses the humanistic side of Freud's teaching, which has not been available to Americans, (according to the author), because of the mistranslations which have been made of his works. Bettelheim believes that Freud's technique of psychoanalysis was never meant to be a medical treatment, but an investigation into our own souls (4). Freud believed that the soul of man could become aware of itself--not an easy undertaking--through his methods.
The author believes that the biggest shortcoming of the ... "
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Freud's "Civilization and Its Discontents", 1980.
This paper studies the sections in Freud's "Civilization and Its Discontents" dealing with suffering, love, happiness and pleasure principle, aggression and guilt, which are all related to Freud's theories of man & culture.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 2 sources, $ 55.95
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From the Paper
In his book "Civilization and its Discontents", Sigmund Freud examines the cultural frustrations which are brought about by the conflicts between the demands of the instincts of man and the prohibitions of civilization. The structure of culture, Freud finds, is designed to restrict the instinctive life of man, the instinctive life being one of egoistic self-satisfaction and aggression or destruction. To delve into every aspect of this antagonism that Freud studies would be too great a task for a paper of this length, therefore, I would like to focus my attention on the sections of Civilization and its Discontents dealing with suffering, love, happiness and the pleasure principle, and aggression and guilt, since these were the most valuable to me in understanding Freud's theory. In dealing with any of these, one undoubtedly overlaps principles which deal with ... "
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Sigmund Freud, 2004.
An analysis of Sigmund Freud, the father of psychoanalysis.
2,811 words (approx. 11.2 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 83.95
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Abstract
This paper examines Sigmund Freud's work and the nature of his theoretical revolution. The paper also discusses the practical and political consequences of Freud's innovative ideas. This is achieved by first defining Freud's innovative ideas by analyzing the foundation of psychoanalysis. This includes defining the concepts of the Ego and the Self within Freud's frame of reference. Furthermore, the paper examines the basis of Freud's research and writings by analyzing his motivations and the underlying reasons behind his theories. It explores his innovative tool of using dreams as a foundation for the "talking cure" and a mechanism for opening up a subject's subconscious for interpretation.
From the Paper
"Sigmund Freud, an obscure Viennese Jewish doctor and psychologist had an enormous impact on Western culture in the twentieth century. He institutionalized the practice of psychoanalysis, therapy or the so-called "talking cure." He oversaw the development of psychoanalysis making it into an international movement of medical practice and cultural critique. This in itself is groundbreaking. It is his tragic visions of the human condition that still defines the human psyche today. It is from Freud's work where one gets the concept of repression or in other words, what one chooses to forget from their array of experiences. These repressions are thoughts and emotions usually in the form of erotic and sexual fantasies and yearnings. One represses such emotions in order to maintain one's ego in society. Still this method of handling feelings can result in suffering and pain because one does not display one's true self to the world but what one wants the world to see."
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Differing Views Of Human Nature according to Karl Marx and Sigmund Freud, 1990.
Compares conceptions of human nature as proposed by Marx and Freud. Marx's conception is based on economic interactions and the relationship of humans to labor, Freud's conception is rooted in theoretical constructs of the mind producing observable beh
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 31.95
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From the Paper
" Differing views of human nature are found in the theories of Karl Marx and Sigmund Freud. The two writers address diverse aspects of human life, with Marx centering on the economic and political and Freud on the inner life of the mind and the ways in which that manifests itself in human behavior. The two men have as their starting point a conception of human nature which shows why human beings behave as they do, and for both men the reasons for human behavior are hidden from view, hidden from the understanding of the majority of people responding to them. For Marx, the hidden force is economic and involves the relationship of the human being to labor, while for Freud the hidden force is found in theoretical constructs of the mind which govern different aspects of thought and behavior and whose interaction produces the behavior we can see..."
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