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Andrew Carnegie's Philanthropy, 2006.
A review of the life and philanthropy of Andrew Carnegie.
5,643 words (approx. 22.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 136.95
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Abstract
The paper examines Andrew Carnegie's early life, detailing his rise from bobbin boy in a cotton mill to wealthy industrialist. The paper explains that Carnegie's interest in philanthropy began in 1870, at the age of thirty-five, but that he first publicly set forth his concept of what he termed "scientific philanthropy" in an 1889 essay entitled "Wealth", which succinctly stated his thesis that "The problem of our age is the administration of wealth." The paper shows that reaction to Carnegie's ideas was mixed, and cites examples both from those in favor and those opposed. It shows how Carnegie applied his principles in funding libraries and then moved on to develop the modern philanthropic foundation and organize the business of philanthropy at the turn of the century. The paper discusses his competition with John D. Rockefeller to see who could give the most. The paper analyzes the long-term changes that Carnegie's philanthropy brought about in American culture and society. In conclusion, the writer feels that Carnegie's example is one that should be followed by other persons of great wealth, since prudent and judicious distribution of private wealth is the only way that the free enterprise system can hope to survive for more than a short term in a historical time frame.
Table of Contents:
Early Life
Carnegie the Philanthropist
Competitive Philanthropy
The Carnegie Legacy
Bibliography
From the Paper
"Carnegie's ideas about the distribution of his vast wealth drew criticism at the time he began his philanthropic activity. However, his ideas are sound and, in retrospect, most of the criticism can be observed to come from those who either did not receive the extent of support that they sought or objected to the restrictions and qualifications placed upon them as beneficiaries. However, he was true to his own ideals. He had ample reason for making the provisions he did, and they have held up to public scrutiny and examination after the fact. Libraries are an acknowledged necessity in today's world, and it is difficult to imagine what the world would be without them. Certainly, they have served as an aid and an impetus to education to the entire population. It may have been a small beginning, considering the extent of his fortune, but it was characteristic of Carnegie to act in ways that are well thought out and methodical. Libraries were his first endeavor, but he never meant them to be his last."
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Andrew Carnegie, 2006.
This paper discusses the life, work and philosophy of industrialist Andrew Carnegie.
2,080 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Andrew Carnegie is remembered for two main achievements: The enormous amounts of money he amassed as an industrialist and his giving most of his money away to charity. The author points out that, if Andrew Carnegie had not lived in poverty in the early years of his life, he may not have been so very interested in giving away his money to other people or, if he had not been interested in the written word, he may not have given millions away to public libraries and for free education. The paper stresses Andrew Carnegie's strong contention that giving away one's wealth for the common good was as important as making the wealth in the first place, the giving away must be done personally and it must be done in the right manner.
From the Paper
"It must be noted that Andrew Carnegie considered education as being the veritable 'key' to life, and he was also extremely interested and also committed to the cause of an access to information. It is said that one incident in particular alerted Andrew Carnegie to this important fact, in the libraries of Colonel Anderson in Allegheny City, an incident that seems to have motivated him into donating enormous amounts of funds to the cause of library building all over the United States of America. As a matter of fact, over the doors of the Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, are carved the words, 'Free to the People', and this shows the spirit and the thoughts of the man."
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"Andrew Carnegie and the Rise of Big Business".
This paper is a chapter by chapter review of Harold Livesay's biography "Andrew Carnegie and the Rise of Big Business", which traces Carnegie's rise to become the first billionaire of the twentieth century.
755 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 0 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Harold Livesay's "Andrew Carnegie and the Rise of Big Business" thoughtfully traces Carnegie's life from his impoverished immigrant childhood through his ruthless business career, to his becoming the wealthiest man in the world and a noted philanthropist. The author points out that the reader learns of Carnegie's alliance with Rockefeller, Carnegie's massive contribution to the success of the steel industry and his final triumph over his competitors and rivals. The paper presents Carnegie as being hard working, daring, forceful with the ability to master the details of a business very quickly, to make decisions and follow through and to pick gifted associates who reflected his style of management.
From the Paper
"The following chapters (two through five) of Livesay's book delineate Carnegie's apprenticeships, first as a manager, then as a financier, before becoming a "master moneyman." In his early teens, Carnegie worked menial jobs, but was bright and an avid learner, so at the age of seventeen, Tom Scott of the Pennsylvania Railroad hired him as a personal telegrapher and secretary. Carnegie was soon was awarded with greater and greater responsibilities, and by the time he was twenty, he was helping Scott perfect the complicated cost accounting system that Scott devised."
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Andrew Carnegie, 2002.
This paper is an examination of the legacy of Andrew Carnegie.
2,615 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 78.95
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Abstract
This paper details the life of one of the most influential businessmen in U.S. history, Andrew Carnegie. Carnegie's legacy includes many philanthropic endowments which set the tone for his day, but he is also remembered as being one of the greatest robber barons of his day who controlled the giant steel industry. According to this author, Carnegie was an complex individual, who vocally supported unions in public, but in private did everything in his power to stem their power in his many different factories. It is ironic that, in the late 1800s, the first union in America was formed in one of Carnegie's plants and his actions would lead to one of the most violent strikes in history. The resolution of this strike was the reason the introduction of government regulations involving collective bargaining arrangements in labor disputes that still exist today. The author cites several examples where Carnegie's actions did not match his deeds and only served to fuel the fires of discontent among the union members. The author also discusses how despite the fact that many businessmen, like Carnegie supported the concept of monopolies, by the beginning of the twentieth century, things had begun to change.
According to this author, the unions were drawing attention to the worker's needs and rights and as a result, the government began to develop new regulations for businesses which lead to the eventual demise of monopolies. The author concludes with several comments about how Carnegie eventually came to publically acknowledge that the labor unions and shared wealth were a better option for the country.
From the Paper
"Carnegie had created his business empire upon the simple concept that a monopoly is, for the monopolist, the most efficient way to do business. Without competition, the owner can create the most efficient production and delivery system he can without wasting time and money negotiating and competing with others. This was the precept of Carnegie and those like him ? the nation is better off with monopolies. But, the workers, the masses of thousands and millions who filled the factories and mined the ore, who broke their backs and their families for virtually no money, these were the people who brought the reality of the monopoly to the attention of the government. It was the union, and its ability to bring a large voice in the form of unification that could speak as loud as that of the one person at the head of the company. Unions, then, brought about an equalization."
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Andrew Carnegie, 2002.
The following paper discusses the biography of Andrew Carnegie, an entrepreneur and founder of the American steel Industry, his life, the major influences and significance of his work and the impact of his life on others.
1,020 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
Andrew Carnegie helped build the formidable American steel industry and then sold his steel business and systematically gave his collected fortune away to cultural, educational and scientific institutions for "the improvement of mankind." This paper examines the way in which Carnegie, who was one of the first industrialists to use scientists to research his own business, came to be the wealthiest man of his time, in the world.
From the Paper
"During his final years, Carnegie spent most of his time in endeavors to promote world peace. He built both the Pan American Union building in Washington D.C. and the Hague Peace Palace, in the Netherlands to support international peace. The outbreak of World War I was devastating to him, and he died August 11, 1919 in Lenox, Massachusetts. By the time he died, Carnegie had given away $350,695,653 and had given another $30,000,000 to foundations, pensions and charities. Andrew Carnegie is considered one of the greatest philanthropists in the world and one of the wealthiest men who ever lived (http://www.carnegie.lib.oh.us/andrewcarnegie.htm)."
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Herbert Spencer vs. Andrew Carnegie, 2007.
A comparison of the theories of Herbert Spencer and Andrew Carnegie regarding their views of social Darwinism.
1,039 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the concept of social Darwinism. It specifically discusses the philosophies of social Darwinism theorists, Herbert Spencer and Andrew Carnegie with regard to their views of social Darwinism. The paper details each of their theories and then compares them, particularly with regard to how they view the amassing of wealth.
From the Paper
"Carnegie stresses that the Gospel of Wealth is one that makes the amasser of such wealth completely and totally responsible for what he has created. After minimal accommodations to ensure that your most unprotected descendants are supported through your life and death, where he stresses helping wives and daughters the most and giving little if any nominal support to sons, who hold the social responsibility and ability of creating their own wealth in life and are often simply corrupted by freely given inheritance, the cream of the crop must dispense his surplus wealth himself, while he lives, on good works. The best possible social action of the successful Social Darwinist is to give what you have amassed through the wisdom that you have gained building said fortune. Spencer and Carnegie do not outright disagree, in the natural order determining the success and progress of man in these two works yet, Carnegie caries the idea to an extreme, making it the responsibility of those who have risen to the top to offer such opportunities to the new generation of people, who through natural selection will succeed the present. (Carnegie, 1889) (Spencer, 1857)"
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Andrew Carnegie, 1991.
This paper examines the life and career of 19th Century American entrepreneur, Andrew Carnegie, focusing on his early life and how he rose to power.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
"This study will examine the life of Andrew Carnegie, concentrating on his early life and how he rose to power.
The first obvious conclusion to be drawn from the life of Andrew Carnegie is that he was a man of monumental contradictions.
For example, an article in the North American Review of June, 1889, entitled "The Gospel of Wealth," written by Carnegie himself, praised "the concentration of business, industrial and commercial, in the hands of the few, and the law of competition between these, as being not only beneficial, but essential to the progress of the race" . This declaration in praise of cut-throat capitalism and economic inequality seems to befit a man "whose industrial empire, which was soon to be recapitalized at 320 million ... "
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Andrew Carnegie and the Growth of the Railroads, 1990.
Scottish immigrant Andrew Carnegie took advantage of the synergistic relationship between the nascent steel and rail industries to build an empire, besting along the way fellow business giants Rockefeller and Morgan.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 6 sources, $ 63.95
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From the Paper
Introduction
"The development of the railroads was a key element in the expansion of the United States and in the economic well-being of the nation during the nineteenth century and into the twentieth century. The railroad was a transportation and communication marvel compared to anything that had existed previously. It crossed the territories of the nation and made it possible to travel from one end of the country to the other or to send mail and goods along the same routes. The development of the railroads was itself a matter of business expansion on a grand scale, starting with small lines and ending with vast networks of tracks which nurtured cities and towns all along their length. In terms of business history, the development of the railroads was not only the first big business venture in America but also..."
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Andrew Carnegie & Lee Iacocca, 1996.
Compares entrepreneurs' industrial innovations & labor policies.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 6 sources, $ 39.95
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From the Paper
"This research paper discusses the business accomplishments and labor relations of Andrew Carnegie and compares them with a later day industrialist Lee Iacocca (1924- ).
The Industrial Innovations of Carnegie and Iacocca
Carnegie's business career was characterized by his uncanny ability to absorb from others concepts of modern management and apply them to every industry in which he was involved. In the process, he built not only an immense personal fortune but created highly efficient enterprises, including the world's largest and most competitive steel company, the Carnegie Steel Works, which he sold to the combine which organized U.S. Steel for a princely sum. Carnegie arrived in America in 1848, the eldest son of penniless Scottish immigrants. Starting from the..."
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Carnegie and the Development of Libraries, 2002.
Andrew Carnegie and his philosophy as it effected the establishment of libraries.
4,650 words (approx. 18.6 pages), 8 sources, $ 169.95
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Abstract
A nineteen-page essay on the development of libraries in the late nineteenth century and the impact of the money and philosophy of Andrew Carnegie.
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The Future of Philanthropy and Charity, 2003.
This paper discusses the future of philanthropy and charity, which is experiencing a paradigm shift in both its funding and implementation, and presents a case study analysis of Circle K International, a collegiate service organization.
15,285 words (approx. 61.1 pages), 53 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the words "philanthropy" and "charity" are often confused: ?Charity? directly meets or addresses the needs of a group or individual; whereas, ?philanthropy? aims at correcting the underlying social conditions causing such need. The author describes the two most significant trends in non-profits: The giving function, which refers specifically to the direct relationship between the donor and the service-providing charitable organizations, and the operations of the non-profits including its sources and methods of funding, its structures and strategies and its capacity for expansion and scope of mission. The author stresses that lessons learned from the business world are motivating these two trends to move toward a more accountable and a more efficient non-profit sector around the globe.
Table of Contents
Introduction
A Brief History of American Philanthropy and Charity
Global Philanthropy Today
Research
The Challenges
The Changing Welfare State
U.S. Developments
International Developments
Globalization
Inefficient Business Practices
The Opportunities
The Changing Face of Philanthropy
New Methods and Models
New Philanthropic Organizations
Corporation Contributions and Corporate Social Responsibility
Research Summary and Case Study Introduction
Case Study and Analysis
Circle K International
Structure
Trends
Assessment
Analysis and Recommendations
Conclusion
Figures
From the Paper
"While the business world has long known the benefits of infrastructure and capacity building, these expenses are often seen as an unnecessary premium in the non-profit world. The skill and vision necessary for conceptualizing and delivering quality social programming is often very different from that which is necessary to support internally organizational growth and improvements in quality. The analogy is clear in the business world ? many times the entrepreneur who creates a firm from scratch and brings it to major success is shown the door by future boards of directors because the entrepreneur does not have the skills to sustain long-term success. Those who best know a non-profit?s constituency and can best serve the mission of the organization are not the ones who can maintain the whole organization as a viable and growing business. Therefore, in the interest of service, the latter is often forgone."
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Women and Philanthropy, 2008.
An analysis of the differences between men and women regarding philanthropy.
1,880 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the relationship between women and philanthropy. It discusses if women differ in their giving methods from men and how women respond to being approached for giving to an organization. The paper also examines whether there are certain query methods that women prefer and if they prefer not to be approache as well as how they choose the charities to which they give.
Table of Contents:
Stereotypes in Philanthropy
Do Men and Women Really Differ?
How Do Women Give?
Approaching Women
What Rewards are there for Philanthropy?
Conclusion
From the Paper
"According to the Council of Michigan Foundations [CMF] (n. d.) "women take philanthropy personally" (p. 7). Women need to be drawn into committing funds to a cause. They may feel the need to volunteer before donating money, feeling that they want to be part of the process (CMF, n. d.). However, women's giving is also affected by the age of the women being approached, based on their attributes and the issues that affect their cohort. In addition, women often become involved in charitable causes through personal relationships, such as friends, family, and business relationships. Frequently, the best way to reach them is through women's networks, although women with professional advisors can be reached through those individuals or organizations (CMF, n. d.)."
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Philanthropy Perspectives, 2007.
An analysis and comparison of Claire Gaudiani's "Democracy, Capitalism and Generosity: The Fragile Balance" and Susan Berresford's "Philanthropy of the 21st Century".
963 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
The paper examines Claire Gaudiani's "Democracy, Capitalism, and Generosity: The Fragile Balance" and is of the opinion that it offers potentially useful information, but contains an unappealing and selfish personal agenda to praise and idealize the rich in an effort to curry favor with them. The paper compares this article to Susan Berresford's "Philanthropy of the 21st Century." The paper asserts that this article is more informative and de-romanticizes philanthropy and the rich, while exploring some of their true motivations for their giving wealth to strangers for the betterment of American society and life.
From the Paper
"Maybe I am so cynical about the American rich today, and those who transparently cozy up to them for reflected glory or personal gain, that I am blind to the shining armor of an elite think tank fellow and ex-college president (married to a Pfizer executive) who colluded with Pfizer, while serving as ritzy Connecticut College's then-President, against New London, Connecticut residents for their private property. Claire Gaudiani (who now instead pens books and articles on philanthropy) resigned her post as Connecticut College President under pressure for financial mismanagement of one of the priciest liberal arts schools anywhere (Basinger, October 27, 2000)."
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The Future of Philanthropy, 2006.
A study of philanthropic trends and their implication for Circle K International, a collegiate service organization.
3,900 words (approx. 15.6 pages), 42 sources, MLA, $ 106.95
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Abstract
This paper assesses philanthropic and giving trends in recent years, presenting a case study of Circle K International, a collegiate service organization. The paper evaluates Circle K to see how the changing landscape of charity can help address its needs. The author, which spent a year studying Circle K, assesses the organization's strengths and weaknesses and makes strategic recommendations.
Table of Contents
Introduction
A Brief History of American Philanthropy and Charity
Global Philanthropy Today
Research
The Challenges
The Changing Welfare State
U.S. Developments
International Developments
Globalization
Inefficient Business Practices
The Opportunities
The Changing Face of Philanthropy
New Methods and Models
New Philanthropic Organizations
Corporation Contributions and Corporate Social Responsibility
Research Summary and Case Study Introduction
Case Study and Analysis
Circle K International
Structure
Trends
Assessment
Analysis and Recommendations
Conclusion
Figures
Works Cited
From the Paper
"Non-profits have seen a significant evolution in the funding and delivery of their services over the past century. Around the world, as time and the scholarly inquiry of philanthropy have progressed, charity has become increasing integrated into societal structures and human interactions. America's current non-profit sector is a perfect example: billions of dollars and millions of people involved in delivering an increasingly complex and diverse range of services to all walks of life. To cope with and advance upon the new dynamics of wealth, knowledge, and technology, the fundamental organization and operation of charities across the globe is rapidly changing. In this paper I will look at a brief history of charity both domestic and abroad, at the trends and future conditions of the non-profit sector, and at the particular case of Circle K International."
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