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American Labor Legislation, 2005.
This paper compares the 1914 Clayton Act and the 1935 Wagner Act, two significant pieces of American labor legislation.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that both the Clayton Act and the Wagner Act were watershed pieces of legislation in the slow march towards greater protections for American laborers. The author points out that the Clayton Act granted legitimacy for unions and paved the way for collective bargaining. The paper relates that the Wagner Act re-iterated more forcefully the Clayton Act.
From the Paper
"Both the Clayton Act and the Wagner Act were watershed pieces of legislation in the slow march towards greater protections for American laborers. This paper explores first the Clayton Act, not merely because it came first, but because, in a real sense, it succeeded where the Sherman Anti-trust Act failed. It may also be argued that the Clayton Act was a more radical document than the Wagner Act insofar as the latter merely re-iterated - albeit more forcefully - what the first had whispered. With that in mind, it is to two of American labor laws most important pieces of legislation that this paper now turns."
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Legislative Impacts and American Vocational Education, 2005.
An analysis of legislative impacts on American vocational education.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how as the Industrial Revolution demanded more skilled workers, the role of high school and the need for career-oriented education became increasingly important and how governmental legislation played an important role in the creation of centers for vocational education. This evolution has taken nearly a century and over a dozen laws. This paper comments on the five pieces of legislation that the author feels has have had the greatest impact on the evolution of vocational education.
From the Paper
"The purpose of secondary and post-secondary education has always been a topic of some debate. As the Industrial Revolution demanded more skilled workers, the role of high school and the need for career-oriented education became increasingly important ("Vocational education"). Unfortunately, expensive and selective universities were not always able to meet this need, but their smaller counterparts were. Governmental legislation played an important role in the creation of centers for vocational education. This evolution has taken nearly a century and over a dozen laws. For the space of this essay, however, I will comment on the five pieces of legislation that I feel have had the greatest impact on the evolution of vocational education."
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Labour's Labor, 2006.
A review of an article discussing the impact and damage of WWII on the British economy.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 1 source, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how following World War II, the British economy, its social structures, and its infrastructure, were all considerably damaged by the years of war over the European continent. Unions, as Dorfman points out, entered the post-World War II era as one of the nation's policy focal points in what would otherwise have been a political vacuum (par.1). It further discusses how in the decades following the war, Unions provided the citizenry, in the form of workers, with adequate representation within the structures of government and ensured that many policies and programs were enacted that would ensure not only work related rights and assurance but also social programs. The Unions within Britain for three decades held considerable sway over policy decisions as well as policy formulation.
From the Paper
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Minimum Wage Legislation, 1990.
This paper discusses minimum wage legislation: . Impact on labor markets, job training, employability, regional conditions, minorities and unemployment.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 9 sources, $ 63.95
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From the Paper
"Minimum wages were established on the national level by the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) of 1938, which also set overtime pay requirements for covered workers. Since that time, the effects of a minimum wage on the economy have been hotly debated, with business interests traditionally claiming that minimum wages lead to loss of jobs, and labor interests claiming that without a minimum wage, workers will be unfairly compensated. This research examines the arguments associated with both these claims as well as the general economic effect of minimum wages.
In order to evaluate the effect of minimum wage legislation on workers, it is necessary to define which workers are directly affected by such legislation; that is, who are the minimum wage workers?
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, approximately ... "
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Labor Union Acts, 2006.
This paper studies labor legislation in the United States.
1,730 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This article studies laws and regulations which have been created over the years regarding labor in the U.S. The first of such laws gave the labor unions the right to organize themselves among workers and stopped court injunctions during labor disputes with management.
The writer looks at the various labor acts and their implications. The author portrays that the concept of labor itself has changed over the years and the article relates to changes in importance of labor and unions.
From the Paper
"All steps taken by employers or employees are for the sole purpose of getting their demand or demands fulfilled. There are many federal government and state government laws in this matter. There are also regulations and previous decisions of the administrative agencies. Thus the relationship of employers and employees are governed by many laws, yet Wagner Act is probably the first act for labor that has given administrative support for the labor, unionization and collective bargaining. The National Labor Relations Board was created through this act. This is a board with five members appointed by the President and the Senate with a term of five years for the board. The offices of the board are spread in thirty regional offices, all of whom have to report to the head office in Washington. (The NLRB: The Wagner Act of 1935) This is certainly a step forward for the labor."
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Fast Track Trade Legislation, 2008.
This paper discusses fast track trade legislation and its relationship to other foreign trade issues.
1,535 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that fast track trade legislation in the US is the process by which the President can introduce legislation to Congress involving trade agreements with foreign countries. The author points out that this type of legislation is unique in that there is a time limit on any debate and that the legislation must either be passed without modification or rejected altogether. The paper relates that the justification for fast track legislation is that it expedites trade negotiations with other countries but still allows congressional oversight. The author presents the issues of globalization, natural resource depletion, labor organizations and poverty in relationship to fast track free trade legislation.
From the Paper
"Labor organizations oppose free trade because it can mean a loss of jobs in certain sectors of the U.S. economy. The increase in globalization has also given rise to a large number of U.S. firms relocating production processes to other countries to benefit from cheaper labor costs. Labor intensive industries such as manufacturing and textiles have almost entirely left the United States. While American consumers as a whole benefit from lower prices for these goods when they are imported back to the United States workers who have lost their jobs may have a hard time finding new employment."
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Gambling Legislation, 2003.
Examines how lobbyists, grassroots organizations, the general public and legislators work to get gambling legislation either passed or defeated.
5,687 words (approx. 22.7 pages), 33 sources, MLA, $ 137.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on processes of passing or defeating gambling legislation in the United States. The paper begins with a literature review focusing on general lobbying. The paper then discusses, through interviews and participant observation, the way in which different actors in the legislative process work for or against their cause. The paper focuses on legislative procedures in Massachusetts, particularly on House Bill 2792, which would legalize Class III gaming as well as an Indian Casino in the state. The paper compares Massachusetts to other states in America.
From the Paper
"When he represented a tribe in a state that did not allow casinos, he had to lobby the state representative and the governor to allow casinos. They would pass a referendum in the community where the casino would be located to show the state that they were in support of casinos. He would then need to lobby the members of the state legislature to show them that a casino would be beneficial to the state, and it is supported in the community. His firm would have the Indian tribes contribute money to both democratic and republican campaigns, to ensure access to the legislatures no matter who was elected into office."
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South African Apartheid Legislation, 2006.
A look at the success of legislation, introduced into 1950s South Africa, that was intended to suppress black interests in order to ensure white dominance.
3,197 words (approx. 12.8 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 92.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how throughout the 1950s, the government of South Africa passed extensive legislation in an attempt to suppress the African population and ensure the dominance of white South Africans. In order to evaluate the success of government attempts to stifle black interests, it considers the impact of legislation passed during the 1950s. More specifically, the paper analyzes legislation regarding social, political and economic factors. It considers the impact of legislation relating to relationships between the different racial groups and government attempts to control the education of African children. The paper also analyzes the success of the government's attempts to protect the industrial interests of white workers by limiting the employment opportunities available to Africans.
From the Paper
"The restriction of black economic interests also played a key role in Government attempts to ensure white dominance. The Government's influx control policies were closely linked to economic factors; Posel contends that the Native Affairs Department viewed its influx control strategy as a method of 'rational' distribution of African labour between the cities and white farms. Verwoerd claimed that in the long-term apartheid required 'purposeful and deliberate economic segregation, not only by means of colour bars in regard to Bantu labour in white areas. But also by mechanisation of all labour activity to such an extent that the need for Bantu labour be reduced to a minimum' (Barnard, 'Thirteen Years', page 40). Beinart claims that the apartheid planners attempted to protect the interests of white workers and control the position of Africans in the labour market."
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Modern Civil Rights Legislation, 2006.
A brief look at the growth of the modern Civil Rights Movement and civil rights legislation in the USA.
1,093 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper compares the Civil Rights Acts of 1950s and 1960s, discussing the influential factors of determining the differences, and the effect that it had on the African Americans, Hispanic Americans, Asian Americans, Native Americans and Native Alaskans.
From the Paper
"The Civil Rights Act of 1964, which forbade discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, gender, and national origin, was the most far-reaching bill on civil rights of the modern era (Modern 156). The major provisions of this act outlawed arbitrary discrimination in voter registration, barred discrimination in public accommodations, such as hotels and restaurants, authorized federal prosecution to desegregate public schools and facilities and the withholding of federal funds, established the right to equality of opportunity in employment, and expanded the power of the Civil Rights Commission and extended it life (Modern 156).
Violence perpetrated against protesting African Americans and whites in the South led to a dramatic change in the climate of public opinion, thus spurring the passage of the 1964 act (Modern 156). Moreover, many believe that the assassination of President John F. Kennedy in 1963 had a significant effect on the national conscience, thus the act served as a tribute by Congress to the martyred President (Modern 156). However, the act was passed only after an eighty-three day filibuster, the longest in the history of the Senate, and cloture was imposed for the first time to cut off a civil rights filibuster (Modern 157). "
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Delegated Legislation, 2005.
A discussion on delegated legislation in the United Kingdom.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 9 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that delegated legislation within the United Kingdom is fraught with a number of perils. While it is expeditious and practical delegated legislation also can unwittingly expand the powers of the state to an intolerable degree and can diminish the legislative role of Parliament, for example. It claims that delegated legislation can endanger due process principles and can potentially threaten the concept of judicial stare decisis.
From the Paper
"The following paper will argue that delegated legislation within the United Kingdom is fraught with a number of perils. Specifically, while it is expeditious and practical, delegated legislation also can unwittingly expand the powers of the state to an intolerable degree and can diminish the legislative role of Parliament. More than that, delegated legislation can endanger due process principles and can (potentially) threaten the concept of judicial stare decisis. Therefore, as much as possible, delegated legislation should be avoided except in instances where the business of governance is such that it is impossible to do without it. With this in mind, it is to a ..."
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The Story of 'Three Strikes' Legislation, 2004.
Position paper arguing that California's 'three strikes' legislation is an ineffective crime deterrent.
2,571 words (approx. 10.3 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the laws behind California's 'three strikes' legislation and argues that this legislation is neither a deterrent nor a balanced way of meting out justice. The paper then addresses the issue of capital punishment and contends that capital punishment is also an ineffective answer to rising crime rates. Finally, the paper contends that measures such as the 'three strikes' laws and capital punishment are the public's gut reaction to high crime rates and is similar to the public's gut reaction after 9/11, which gave the U.S. Attorney General sweeping powers under the guise of protecting America to suspect arrest people for the most petty and unfounded reasons; both reactions threaten the freedom and liberty that is so valued by American citizens.
From the Paper
"It has been said that only two things are certain ? death and taxes. Yet to these two inevitabilities, many Americans would add a third -- crime. The fear of becoming the victim of a crime ? especially of a violent crime ? haunts many otherwise rational individuals. Violence, it seems, is everywhere. One need only turn on the television to be assailed by images of murder, rape, and physical assault. And, it is not only Hollywood that is the villain. Both local and national newscasts revel in the depiction and discussion of violent acts: a child is kidnapped; a pregnant housewife disappears and is later found murdered; a ruthless killer stalks the streets of a large city. The media like to quote facts. Just yesterday, on April 27th, it was reported that the murder rate in California?s most populous urban areas had increased by eleven percent, this despite years of noticeable declines. The sudden upsurge was attributed to the State and the nation?s, faltering economy. But, many Californians are not convinced. Nor were they convinced by the multitude of theories that were put forth to explain the skyrocketing crime rates of the 1970s and 1980s. Joblessness, drug use, and lack of education may indeed inspire some to commit violent and antisocial acts; however, to a majority of citizens in the Golden State, the root cause of such behavior is much simpler. Like the Eighteenth Century Englishman who penned Hanging Not Punishment Enough, they hold firmly to the idea that an increase in criminal activity is fundamentally linked to the lack of a strong deterrent. The anonymous author of that pamphlet advocated the replacement of the ?relatively painless? punishment of hanging with more brutal forms of capital punishment, such as for example, breaking on the wheel."
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Anti-Trust Legislation in Cyberspace, 2002.
Examines the relevance of traditional anti-trust legislation in the wake of the Information Revolution.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper begins by examining the Microsoft case as an apparent illustration of the validity of anti-trust legislation. However, it then examines changes in corporate structure and operation that undermine traditional models of anti-trust legislation.
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"Dance of Legislation?, 2006.
A pertinet review of "Dance of Legislation" by Eric Redman.
1,531 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
In this review of Eric Redman's "Dance of Legislation" the author tells us how the book explores the complex and convoluted avenues of Congress. He points out that this book reveals startling facts about the structure, process and the overall culture of Capitol Hill. The author relates how Redman explains that bills must literally go through the most arduous scrutiny, to determine its benefits and harms to both the politicians who sponsor the bill, and the people it affects on a national level. The review further examines these points made in Redman's book. In conclusion, he points out that "The Dance of Legislation" is crucial to the understanding of the political process. The author recommends the book as giving the reader a revealing look into the process of how a bill comes to life.
From the Paper
"The culture on Capitol Hill is a uniquely savage one. While no bullets or machine gun bursts rain down on Capitol Hill it is still no doubt a war zone. In this atmosphere everyone has their own agenda and works only to further their own plans. On the back of the mind of every Congressmen or Senator is the prospect of reelection. With these thoughts always in mind they tend to be singularly intent on what helps their own image and chances for reelection. When Magnuson's staff attempted to make the National Health Service Bill a law, it required the political maneuvering of an experienced politician. For instance, for such a bill to have actual merit in Congress, it requires not only the structural backing of the political system, but also bureaucratic support from an agency such as the HEW. The constant swordplay between Redman and the HEW leads the reader to understand that politics is much more intricate than anyone anticipates. Redman ironically states, "We hand spent four Fruitless months trying to extract a draft from the "experts" at HEW. It took us precisely an hour to write it ourselves".
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Legislation in the Teaching Profession, 2007.
A look and review of current legislation and codes of practice in the teaching profession in the U.K.
1,206 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper identifies the key aspects of current legislation and codes of practice with regard to literacy in the UK. The author looks at methods in his own organisation and suggests ways to promote inclusion, equality and diversity.
Outline:
Introduction
Key aspects of current legislation and codes of practice
How I could promote inclusion, equality and diversity
Different ways of embedding functional skills
Conclusion
From the Paper
"One of the main aspects from current legislation is the requirement, from 1 September 2007 under the Teacher Training Reforms, for all new teachers to achieve a new qualification to teach and support learning in the lifelong learning sector. This is referred to as 'Qualified Teacher Learning and Skills' (QTLS) status. The aim of QTLS is two fold, firstly it aims to create an environment for pupil learning and secondly, to incorporate teacher professionalism through continuing Professional Development (CPD).
"To achieve QTLS status, teachers must study and demonstrate knowledge of the following key elements, Professional Values and Practice, Specialist Area and its Pedagogy, Planning for Learning, Learning and Teaching, Assessment for Learning and Supporting Access and Progression and this will be what my assignment is based on."
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Canadian Legislation on Child Pornography, 2002.
Discussion of Canadian Legislation regarding child pornography on the internet, the effectivness of those laws ,and the enforceability of those laws.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 8 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses this question in terms of both Canadian laws governing child pornography on the Internet, and the role of these laws in terms of wider international legislation and norms in this area. It will be argued that the key problem related to Canadian child pornography legislation and the Internet is not so much a need for stronger laws, but rather the enforcement of those that currently exist.
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