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The Al Qa'ida Trans-national Terrorist Network, 2006.
A report on the organizational structure and qualities that characterize the transnational terrorist network known as "Al Qa'ida".
3,327 words (approx. 13.3 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
This paper provides information on the history and origins of the Al Qa'ida Trans-national Terrorist Network and describes particular qualities that characterize this organization. Aspects such as the origins of the name "Al Qa'ida", Al Qa'ida's networking style of operation, its membership and hierarchy, its doctrine and ideology are discussed, as well as the modus operandi of the organization and the threat it poses to the world.
Table of Contents
Name
Definition
Geographical Location
Size of Organization
Membership
Resources and Finances
Leadership and Senior Members
Chain of Command
Organizational Structure
History
Doctrine
Motivation
Strategy
Record of Attacks
Weapons
Internet Activities
Summary
From the Paper
"Al Qa'ida, which means the "Foundation "or the "Base" in Arabic, is the general name given to this organization, which is seen as a worldwide or transnational network or alliance of militant Islamic organizations. (Wikipedia: Al Qa'ida) However there are some disparities and ambiguities that must be mentioned in relation to the naming of this organization. Firstly, the name "al-Qa'ida", while a recognized name within the popular mind, is a designation that the organization does not often use to identify itself. Furthermore, the origins of the name is disputed in some quarters and "some allege it was coined by the United States government based on the name of a computer file of Bin Laden's that listed the names of contacts he had made at the MAK in the Bait al-Ansar guesthouse during the late 1980s." ( ibid) The name, which refers to the training camp for the militants, has however become the common designation for the organization."
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Al Qa'ida and Osama Bin laden, 2006.
This paper examines the origins, leadership and structure of the Al Qa'ida terrorist network.
2,559 words (approx. 10.2 pages), 15 sources, APA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a broad outline of the various known elements and aspects of the Al Qa'ida terrorist network, with a special focus on the role Osama Bin Laden. A brief biography of Bin Laden's life is presented, as well as a history of the organization. The role of fundamentalist Islamic ideologies in relation to Al Qa'ida is examined as well as Al Qa'ida's links to international militant Islamic organizations. Terror attacks attributed to Al Qa'ida are also highlighted.
Abstract
Origins
Osama Bin Laden
From the Paper
"A crucial part of the history of Al Qa'ida is that the fight against the Soviet Union was not conducted in conventional terms, but was seen as a holy war against the aggressor. This resulted in volunteers and supporters from throughout the Muslim world rallying to the call. Furthermore, the resistance experience fused together Islamic fighters from a wide range of backgrounds and views to create the central kernel of the new organization. "Muslims from Algeria, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Southeast Asia, and beyond fought side by side, forging relationships and creating a cadre of veterans who shared a powerful life experience, a more global view,..." (Jenkins 2002. p. 3)"
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Jalal Al Din Al Rumi, Sufi Poet, 2005.
A look at the poetry of Jalal Al Din Al Rumi and its impact on Sufi Islam.
2,378 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that understanding Al Rumi's poetry largely depends on a willingness to accept the complexity of the philosophical and spiritual ideas that they express and the manner in which they challenge the very notion of the self.
From the Paper
"Jalal El Din Al Rumi, a thirteenth century Moslem Sufi poet, is currently the most popularly read poet in the West. Norman M. Brown, the leader of the Community Unitarian Universalist Church in Daytona Beach, Florida, has an interesting theory regarding Al Rumi's popularity. As he argues, most people, whether conscious of it or not, have spiritual needs and desires. The rational outlook of twentieth century Western civilization suppresses these types of needs and desires, does not give them the opportunity to express or fulfill themselves and, as a result, many people become spiritually frustrated (Brown). The minority who are conscious of their spiritual frustration turn to various religions in search of some type of fulfillment. However, few, if any, of these religions provide such fulfillment. The exception to this, according to Norman M. Brown is Sufi "mystical" Islam which appears to address both human spiritual needs and emotions on one hand, and the human respect for rationality and intellect, on the other (Brown). As Brown argues, Sufi thought, combining between philosophy and spirituality, and concisely expressed in the poetry of Al Rumi, satisfy the inborn human spiritual and intellectual desires and, in this, lies the popularity of the Sufist poet in the West."
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Trans-Racial Adoption, 2008.
This paper researches the effects of trans-racial adoption on African-American children.
3,044 words (approx. 12.2 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 89.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the literature that shows how trans-racial adopted children develop more racially related adjustment problems, but that also shows how trans-racial adoption does not prevent or damage the children's self-esteem, relationships or school performance. The paper concludes that trans-racial adoption has been beneficial to some and not beneficial to others. The paper calls for a prompt and appropriate solution to the increasing demand for placement of African American children in need of adoption.
Outline:
Introduction
Literature Review
Method
Results and Discussion
From the Paper
"Trans-racial adoption has been defined as the practice of adopting children from a different race group (Newman 2002). The demand for more loving and skilled homes to provide homes for continuously increasing numbers of orphans, especially African-American children, has troubled policy makers to look for the best solution. The current problems prevent the biological families from caring for these children.
"Many African-American children in trans-racial adoption have been found to suffer from racial identify problems (Neal 2996, Briggs 2005). Other surveys found that these adoptees were generally well-adjusted, developed positive self-esteem and avoided discussing racial issues (Johnson 2003, Newman and Smith 2002)."
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Trans-Cultural Marriage, 2005.
This paper discusses trans-cultural marriages, which defy ancient taboos by forming intimate relationships with partners from other cultural, religious and racial backgrounds.
1,600 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that trans-cultural couples not only face the challenges of all marriages but also have the added burden of their distinct backgrounds. The author stresses that the most important issue in trans-cultural marriages is to face the issues and not avoid them for the sake of buying peace with your selves and your families. The paper relates that cultural differences often remain invisible until they have been violated; therefore, one important task for couples from mixed backgrounds is to define, understand, learn and deal with their different culture codes.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Typical Situations
Some Basic Rules about Mixed Relationships
1. Face the Issues
2. Clarify Your Different Cultural Codes
3. Sort-Out Confusion about Your Own Identity
4. Understanding the Zones
Three Cultural Dimensions
1. Time
2. Cohesiveness of the Family
3. Emotional Expressiveness
Conclusion
Determination and Endurance Pay Off
From the Paper
"The reason why people in mixed relationships might sidestep such issues might be very similar to why all couples might avoid facing potential problems. First of all such unions are romantic relationships. Such romanticism can distract people from focusing on the ordinary problems that are part of everyday life. Most couples do not want to spoil a newfound love by talking about the potential for future problems. Furthermore, there is an added sense of romanticism for culturally mixed couples especially if there is disapproval from the couples' families. Cut off from their loved ones, the couple is pushed into each other's arms, and joins in their animosity for their respective families and in doing so may fail to experience normal uncertainty about their new relationship."
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Trans-cultural Nursing, 2005.
A literature review discussing trans-cultural nursing care.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This literature review begins with Leininger who as the founder of trans-cultural nursing provides an overview and brief history of the theory. The articles provide varying perspectives on trans-cultural nursing care from the contexts of potential child abuse and neglect, end of life care, use of the theory in health care administration in the Third World, and the need for this theory to be ethically and professionally protected. The paper discusses Mitchell and Gale who provide very insightful criticisms of the theory.
From the Paper
"Literature Review: Trans-cultural Nursing Care This literature review begins with Leininger (2001) who, as the founder of trans-cultural nursing, provides an overview and brief history of the theory. The articles provide varying perspectives on trans-cultural nursing care from the contexts of potential child abuse and neglect, end-of-life care, use of the theory in health care administration, in the Third World, and the need for this theory to be ethically and professionally protected. Mitchell and Gale (2002) provide very insightful criticisms of the theory. Their criticisms lead to a valuable thesis that trans-cultural nursing care cannot stand alone, and some other structure is needed for social justice."
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Trans-coding, 2006.
A study of Manovich's "The Language of New Media", which deals with the concept of trans-coding.
1,733 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper gives a very technical discussion of the book "The Language of New Media". The author explores the concept of trans-coding and presents it in terms of culture, media presentation and the prominence of computer science.
From the Paper
"In terms of the computer layer, there has been an evolution in order to support the new functions of the computer in its support of the cultural layer. Manovich identifies the algorithm-data structure dichotomy. Hypermedia involves the separation of algorithm and data structure in computer programming. The cultural effect on hypermedia is then the separation of data from the navigational structure. The modular structure of the new media thus parallels the modular structure of computer programming. In this way even components of programming are effects of deeper-level computer data sets to simplify the programming process for the computer user. Programming components are presented in an understandable fashion to create effects decoded by the deeper structure, which is separate from the navigational structure. Interactivity thus becomes open and simple to use for any computer user, regardless of educational level."
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Trans Fatty Acids: A Death Sentence, 2004.
An explication and analysis of the biological and health implications of trans-fatty acids.
743 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how trans-fatty acids (TFAs) are lipids that have been chemically manipulated to become more solid at room temperature. In particular, it looks at how they are broken down by the body and how they can be a cause of heart disease.
From the Paper
"Dietary fatty acids are emulsified by bile acids in the small intestine and transformed into chylomicrons which enter the bloodstream via the lymphatic system. Fatty acids are also taken up by cells, where they may serve as fuels for energy production. Chylomicrons can have two outcomes depending upon the body's need for energy, either being stored or oxidized. The oxidation of fatty acids produces acetyl-ScoA, which is the platform for cholesterol synthesis. Excess cholesterol can be stored or deposited on the walls of arteries, narrowing them. The stored fatty acids, as triacylglycerol (triglyceride) in white adipose tissue, also results in the formation of acetyl-ScoA, but through a different pathway."
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The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade from 15th To 19th Century, 1994.
This research will focus on the Trans-Atlantic slave trade from its inception in the fifteen century, to the nineteenth century when it ended: Historical, social and economic reasons for European and African participation and their inability to see slaver
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 7 sources, $ 55.95
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From the Paper
"This research will focus on the Trans-Atlantic slave trade from its inception in the fifteen century, to the nineteenth century when it ended. While contemporary society views slavery as an abhorrent institution, it is the hypothesis of this research that Africans and Europeans of this earlier period did not believe slavery was evil, because all people at that time experienced some form of ownership over them. A European wife was owned by her husband, an African was owned by his lineage, and some slaves in Africa were more powerful than free men--becoming rich and owning slaves themselves.
Slavery is as old as mankind. There was never a time recorded when the institution of slavery did not exist. The securing of slaves by force, whether in war or peace, was a common practice in past eras. Even the tribal ... "
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Trans-border Underage Drinking, 2005.
This paper discusses the problem of trans-border underage drinking on the San Diego/Tijuana Border as experienced by the author.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 3 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that underage drinking has been a problem in Mexico because there are no laws that are enforced for teenagers that may become dangerously drunk or even killed under the influence of alcohol. The author points out that, when he or she crossed the border to relates, the author saw a limited implementation of the law and no preventive measures in Mexico to limit drinks to minors. The paper suggests that the issue of underage drinking is a cultural, economic and legal problem.
From the Paper
This study presents an experience that I had while crossing the Tijuana Border from San Diego. When traveling across the border into Tijuana there was a great deal of underage drinking that was allowed due to the differing cultural, legal, and economic problems that reside in Tijuana/San Diego trans-border relations. Although I was old enough to drink, I was made aware of the growing problem of underage drinking that was part of a personal experience in trans-border life. When interacting with the Mexicans across the border, I found that cultural, legal and economic factors allowed this activity to be a major problem for the safety of underage youths drinking Mexico. When I was old enough to drink I went with a few buddies across the border into Tijuana."
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Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade, 2002.
Explores the origin and ending of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade to the British Colonies in the Caribbean.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
Although the British credited themselves with ending the practice of slave trading, Great Britain transported more slaves than any other country and forever altered the demographics of the Caribbean Islands. By the time slavery was abolished, the original Indian population had vanished. The vast majority of the population consisted of African ex-slaves.
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Trans-Border Pollution, 2008.
This paper examines the policies of Canada and the United States vis-a-vis trans-border air pollution.
1,730 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at the 1991 Air Quality Agreement between the two nations and the 2000 Ozone Annex. The paper briefly discusses some of the key measures implemented and to what extent each country is guilty of reneging on its environmental commitments. The paper concludes that both nations are pushing ahead, but shows how the pace of change could and should be increased.
From the Paper
"To start with, both Canada and the United States have worked cooperatively to reduce trans-border or trans-boundary pollution. To wit, as early as 1991 the two countries signed an agreement - the Canada-US Air Quality Agreement - wherein each pledged to reduce trans-boundary air pollution contributing to acid rain. Specifically, both nations agreed to implement measures reducing emissions of sulphur dioxide as well as nitrogen oxides. Both nations agreed to work together as well to develop the scientific and technical tools necessary for eliminating (or at least greatly reducing) acid rain levels in North America (Environment Canada, 2006). A little more than 9 years later, in December of 2000, the two countries also came together and signed an Ozone Annex that established benchmarks for reducing the "trans-boundary flow" of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, as well as reducing the flow and production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and nitrogen oxides (Environment Canada, 2006). Understandably, both of these measures deserve to be looked at more closely insofar as they appear to constitute the foundations of both countries' approach to trans-boundary air pollution."
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Al-Marwardi and Nizam Al-Mulk: A Comparative Study, 2001.
This paper is a comparison of the texts, background and audiences of the writers, Mawardi and Nizam Al-Mulk.
1,270 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 0 sources, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper compares the texts of Mawardi and Nizam Al-Mulk and analyzes their contributions to Islamic culture. In addition, the times and the lives of these two great thinkers and the social ambiance that shaped their psyche are examined.
From the Paper
?Al-Mulk drew up a set of protocols for the governance of the empire called the Siyasat Nameh, the two most influential institutions of which were the offices of atabeg, and the right of iqta. Atabegs were military advisers to young princes who frequently ended up usurping the power entrusted to them, while iqta was a grant of the income from land to an official who was entrusted with its running. In theory no ownership in the land passed but in practice large hereditary estates developed. Both these institutions led to a massive decentralization of power and this in turn facilitated and prolonged the factional fighting which characterized the Seljuk period of power.?
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?On Truth and Lies in a Trans-Moral Sense?, 2006.
Analyzes a passage in this work by Friedrich Nietzsche which relates to pride.
1,335 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 0 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
Friedrich Nietzsche, the prolific German philosopher often linked to German Volkism and unjustly associated with the rise of Nazism, in 1873 penned "On Truth and Lies in a Trans-Moral Sense." Despite its seemingly esoteric, metaphysical title, the message is presented with deadly clarity. In the passage which this paper discusses, Nietzsche attacks the human failing of pride, also lambasted in Judeo-Christian tradition. However, far from using a theological morality to justify his position, the philosopher's nihilistic approach merely states that pride is meaningless and should be regarded as such. This paper analyzes a passage from Nietzsche's "On Truth and Lies in a Trans-Moral Sense," offering the writer's reflections on the passage.
From the Paper
"Thus, in one fell swoop, the philosopher destroys the intellectual palaces and sacred shrines of philosophical, empirical, and epistemological tomes written over the centuries, claiming that all these opinions are pointless, of value only to their creators and the creators' listeners but saying virtually nothing. Nietzsche deals a further blow to bevies of Oxford dons, Classical scholars, and Greenwich Village poets by comparing their pride, derived from 'knowledge,' to that of a gnat."
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Trans-generational Effects of Holocaust, 2005.
Examines how the Holocaust influences second and third generations.
2,290 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
The Holocaust is a painful reminder that humanity can turn upon itself and inflict incomprehensible damage. It undoubtedly altered the course of millions of lives, many of which are still attempting to heal, despite the decades that separate the event from the present. Naturally, survivors of the Holocaust acutely feel the aftermath of this horrific persecution. The paper shows that what is not commonly known, however, is the ripple effect currently underway that impacts the second and also the third generation of individuals whose relatives fell victim to the Holocaust. In an attempt to understand the complexity of this phenomenon, this paper separately examines each generation and the ways in which the Holocaust has affected it, and how this trans-generational transmission occurs.
From the Paper
"As previously mentioned, adult survivors of the Holocaust exhibit different reactions to their wartime tragedies than their younger counterparts. Some use black humor to ease an otherwise unbearable situation (Klein, 1990). Immediately following liberation, 'an extreme sense of insecurity resulted in the need to search for someone, somewhere, who might by a miracle still be alive' (Eitinger, 1429). For many, this uncertainty persists today. As one researcher indicates, adult Holocaust survivors regard highly a sense of normalcy (Bender, 2004). This means that despite internal suffering, they attempt to externally appear well-adjusted and functional. "
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