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Aircraft Corrosion Control, 2004.
This paper discusses the control of aircraft corrosion, which is a major concern for the commercial airline industry and military aircraft.
1,045 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, if the corrosion on aircraft is undetected or untreated, corrosion problems can lead to structural failures and, hence, pose a great safety risk. The author points out that the most popular method of corrosion prevention is the use of chromate surface treatments of the aluminum structures; however, using hexavalent-chromium compounds for surface coating is an environmentally unsound practice because chromium is well-known as a highly toxic and carcinogenic agent. The paper relates that tackling corrosion at the designing and manufacturing phase is key to successful control of the corrosion menace; proper maintenance also occupies a significant role in remedying the damage and in prolonging the life of the aircraft.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Corrosion Problem
Corrosion Control (A Design and Manufacturing Issue)
Corrosion Control by Coating
Maintenance Programs
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Cervical corrosion occurs when a corrosive fluid gets inside the joints or penetrates the coated surface. Both the forms of corrosion are dangerous and can result in cracking of the metal surface. The problem is more pronounced in aging aircrafts which are exposed to corrosive materials over a long period of time. The 1988 Aloha Airline B-737-200 incident was an eye opener to the dangers of corrosion. Due to undetected corrosion the whole fuselage of the plane got separated in mid air. This incident led to the formation of the ?Aging Aircraft Task Force Steering Committee? which is currently known as the ?Airworthiness Assurance Working Group?."
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Corrosion in Concrete Bridge Girders, 2008.
A critical examination concerning the problem of corrosion in concrete bridge girders with recommendations to resolve the issue.
5,442 words (approx. 21.8 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 133.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the fact that roads invariably require bridges to cross over roads and rivers, and as strong as the bridges may seem to be at the time of their construction, engineers have not been able to build corrosion-proof bridges. The paper highlights the problems associated with corrosion of steel reinforced concrete bridge girders as they are vitally important to travelers and to engineers. The paper also reviews the numerous studies that have been conducted, and provides recommendations for better predictability vis-a-vis when a bridge is due to be replaced.
Outline:
Table of Contents
List of Figures, Nomenclature, Introduction
Hypothesis of Theoretical Considerations
Procedure
Results
Discussion of Results
Conclusions
Recommendations
From the Paper
"This paper provides a strong engineering and safety background into the problems associated with corrosion and bridges. The procedure used in this paper is presented through the careful examination of the existing literature. Some of the literature may be a few years old but the past is prologue; what went before is as relevant as what is going on today. Other literature presented is quite contemporary, and all of the materials presented in this paper are relevant. Especially relevant are studies that have been conducted six, seven, eight and more years ago; compared and contrasted with what engineers and scientists are saying in the latest bulletins and research documents. For example, the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) offered standard specifications for highway bridges in the 1990s that seem to be practical and yet have clearly not provided a workable solution to the ongoing problems of corrosion.
In the article titled "Reliability of Reinforced Concrete Girders Under Corrosion Attack," the authors (Frangopol, et al, 1997) embrace the AASHTO strategy; first, the effects of corrosion "on both moment and shear reliabilities" are carefully investigated; second, a "reliability-based design approach" that is based on minimization of "total material cost including corrosion effects" is taken into consideration. This article suggests that taking into consideration the environmental stressors on concrete (due to corrosion), along with the AASHTO standards, can then be plugged into "reliability-based optimization software." That software is a product of the combining of general-purpose optimization software and a Monte Carlo simulation-based evaluation program.
Hence, the procedure for coming up with reliable estimates of the life expectancy of concrete girders comes in two phases, according to this research. Phase one spans the time from construction to corrosion initiation; phase two, from corrosion initiation to time when "unacceptable levels of section loss have occurred." But is this procedure proactive or reactive? The answer - it is indeed reactive, and it is also outdated. But nevertheless it should be researched and understood because it is part of the literature. Science cannot predict future conditions and dynamics based on models and hypotheses alone. A foundation for the projections of the future is based on evidence from the past. "
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"The Corrosion of Character"., 2002.
A review of Richard Sennett's "The Corrosion of Character".
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 2 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This seven-page undergraduate paper is a review of Richard Sennett's "The Corrosion of Character". This is a sociological essay that demonstrates how the market is directly affecting human beings by destroying their humanity.
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Corrosion In Drilling Operations, 1987.
Discusses the problems, solutions, & current developments in the phenomenon of drilling operation corrosion.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 5 sources, $ 71.95
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From the Paper
"Corrosion, in terms of drilling operations, was responsible for at least 70 billion dollars in losses in 1975, or 4% of the gross national product. Reportedly, 10 to 45% of that loss was preventable (Bertness and Chilingarian, 1983, 559). Understanding the causes of corrosion in terms of drilling operations is?tantamount to saving time and money. The trends towards drilling of deeper wells, the use of higher strength steels, the presence of higher stress levels and the use of lower pH drilling fluids all contribute toward increased corrosion susceptibility.
The destruction of metals by corrosion is caused by direct (...)"
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Aircraft Wars, 2006.
An analysis of the aircraft industry from a historical and global perspective.
11,439 words (approx. 45.8 pages), 47 sources, MLA, $ 224.95
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Abstract
This paper presents background information on the history of the aircraft industry and then takes a look at how the industry differs in various countries. The paper looks at the competition between countries in the aircraft industry and looks at why trade in the aircraft industry between countries is beneficial. The paper also examines different aircraft industry companies and the importance of a strong aeronautics industry from both a defense and economic perspective.
Table of Contents
Early History
Post World War II
Discussion Reasons for Advantages in Trade
Differences in Technology
Differences in Resource Endowments
Why is a Balance Trade So Important?
Building Weapons for the Aircraft War - Mergers and Governmental
Support
Other Non Domestic Competition
The Open Market/Future Competitors?
The Whole Story behind Large Commercial Aircraft Issues
The Bilateral Agreement on Trade in Civil Aircraft
Conclusion
From the Paper
" When the United States was drawn into World War II, the U.S. had no choice but to help its European allies. Because of its physical isolation from the fighting itself, the U.S. found that it's greatest strength in winning the war was its ability to manufacture the weapons of war for itself and its allies in massive quantities. German occupied France and any war related manufacturing was co-opted by the Axis. England was under constant bombardment, which interfered with the import of raw materials for manufacturing as well as the process itself. Long before "D" Day, the U.S. began to ramp up its manufacturing abilities to supply weapons, aircraft and ships for the on-going war."
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Cognitive Psychology and Aircraft Technicians, 2006.
Examines how cognitive psychology applies to the occupation of aircraft technician.
4,447 words (approx. 17.8 pages), 23 sources, MLA, $ 116.95
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Abstract
How does cognitive psychology apply to the real world, most especially how does it apply to a specific occupation, that of the aircraft technician/mechanic? To answer these questions, this paper examines the meaning of cognitive psychology and the various psychologists who shaped this theory. The paper then explores the skills and duties required to be an aircraft technician.
Paper Outline:
Introduction
What is Cognitive Psychology
Early Twentieth Century
Reemergence Of Cognitive Psychology
The Aircraft Technician's Skills and Duties
How Does Cognitive Psychology Apply toward Understanding the Aircraft Technician's Job?
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"Not only must an airplane mechanic know about airplanes, but also he or she must be able to multi-task on a regular basis. An airplane mechanic may be a specialist in airplanes or even certain types of airplanes but the occupation itself requires that the individual have a number of skills and be able to use any one of them at a moments notice. For instance, an airplane mechanic must be able to start and run aircraft in order to perform operational tests using live aircraft engine power. He or she must be able to both tow and service the aircraft. In order to do this, the mechanic must have passed specific licensing requirements."
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Corporate Business Aircraft, 2002.
A look at the use and costs of business aircrafts and their effect on the businesses that use them.
2,900 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 10 sources, $ 106.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a critical examination and analysis of the use of business aircraft for corporate travelers. The discussion focuses upon the financial impact owning and operating extremely expensive business aircraft have on a business entity's bottom line. The paper notes, however, that as important as the high costs of such a course are, isolated economic factors are not all that have to be considered by corporations when weighing the positive and negative aspects of corporate aircraft ownership. The great expense involved in owning a business aircraft must be measured against the alternatives, which frequently incur the loss of valuable CEO time, decreased corporate privacy while in flight, increased schedule complications, limited airport access, decreased safety, and the loss of prestige involved in flying commercial carriers such as Air Yak when competitors are globe-trotting in their own thirty-eight million dollar Gulfstream V's.
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Aircraft Accidents, 2006.
An analysis of the causes of aircraft failure due to component failure.
2,094 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper firstly discusses the most important component that fails in a reciprocating engine, the human component. It investigates an accident of a big aircraft, Lockheed Super Constellation, in order to qualify this opinion. The paper then examines the Cessna as an example of engine problems as a cause of aircraft accidents. The author stresses that it is the pilot error that causes 95 percent of the accidents for reciprocating engine aircraft.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Analysis
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"Now let us look at the causes of accidents from an engine point of view. Both turbine engines and reciprocating engines process air in the same manner and that means that they both have intake, compression, combustion and exhaust. In the reciprocating engine one step has to follow the other and in the turbine engine all the processes proceed all at the same time and without any interruption. The other difference is that in the turbine engine there are separate components decided for the particular operation of the cycle, while in the reciprocating engine, all the functions take place in the same combustion chamber. The design of each engine gives certain benefits and advantages, and when the issue is considered from thermal efficiency, reciprocating engines are easily more efficient. They have a complex design, but the engine has had a longer period to be developed and perfected. The general view is that turbine engines have simplicity of motion and this has given a reputation for being more reliable, though it burns more fuel than a reciprocating engine."
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A Career as an Aircraft Mechanic, 2002.
This paper looks at what is required to become an aircraft mechanic and what the future holds for those make it their career.
1,300 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
A discussion about a career as an aircraft mechanic. The writer uses five sources to explore the education and skills that are required for the career. It examines the changing airline industry and evolving occupation of aircraft mechanics. Includes details of what the profession entails and what skills are appropriate as well as the positive future outlook for those who choose to work in the field.
From the Paper
"The airline industry is an ever-changing field. There are many types of aircraft being used today, including, freight, commercial passenger and private passenger planes. Each plane has to be built, maintained and fixed when something goes wrong. The field of airplane mechanics is a growing and always changing area of job exploration. Skills as an aircraft mechanic can be utilized in the armed services, the commercial airline field, or at an airfield with private aircraft. They can also be used to work where airplanes are sold and brought in for maintenance and repair. It is a field that promises to continue expanding and as the world continues to globalize the opportunities will continue to increase."
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AirCraft Carriers in World War Two., 2002.
A look at the influence and strategic purposes of the aircraft carrier during World War II.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This essay will argue for the influence of the aircraft carrier during World War II and discover why this form of Naval craft was so useful for strategic purposes for naval warfare. The elements of the ship's usage will be explained, along with an overview of how the ship was used to help win the Great War. By relating all of these factors, a better understanding of naval history will prove how it's invention was essential to the history of strategy on the seas. By studying some of tactics that the British, Japanese, and Americans used during the Second World War, a clear understanding of the aircraft carrier as a strategic weapon can be made.
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Personal Aircrafts, 2005.
Examines the practicalities of personal aircrafts for the use of individual commuters.
1,738 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper shows that the introduction of a personal aircraft with a cost under $50000, short take off and landing capability and the ability to safely travel on residential streets might have a significant impact on society. This is provided that regulations were relaxed enough to make the sale and use of such vehicles legal and practical. The paper examines what kind of infrastructure and regulations would be needed to introduce personal aircrafts into our society and who they would benefit.
From the Paper
"While the use of aircraft would reduce highway traffic, the sky would become quite crowded, especially near major landing zones. As with traditional aircraft, strict air traffic control would be required for busy areas to prevent mid-air collisions. Having three dimensions in which to move does reduce the risk of collision with another vehicle; personal aircraft would probably be involved in far fewer multi-vehicle collisions than cars are. Most crashes would be single-vehicle accidents caused by user error. The social impact would ultimately depend on changes to regulation and infrastructure."
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Aircraft Accidents, 2006.
A review of a 2001 study regarding the factors that contribute to aircraft accidents.
2,600 words (approx. 10.4 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 78.95
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Abstract
This paper explores a 2001 study of aircraft accident indicators, including pilot age, gender, education, flying experience, previous accident involvement and attitudes toward flying. The paper examines the study's methodology and findings in each of these areas before focusing on the role of the pilot's personality on airplane crashes. The paper shows how research indicates that personality is involved in decisions to stick to a flight plan regardless of weather, or abandon it in. The paper also examines whether gain (personal safety) or loss (money, time) is instrumental in those situations and concludes that these decisions do not disprove the function of personality, but rather reinforce it -- especially in light of the equivocal results of simulation experiments designed to test the hypothesis that it is the gain/loss continuum alone that determines whether a pilot will continue or abandon a flight plan in the presence of adverse weather information.
From the Paper
"Hunter used data obtained in a national survey of pilots c completed in 1994 with the purpose of examining the validity of measure for predicting accidents and those that occurred after. Hunter used those finding to address two issues: "the relationships among the various measures and accident involvement" (Hunger, 2001, p. 509+). The population Hunter had at his disposal was significant; 561,485 active pilots (those who had been issued a valid airman medical certificate in the preceding 25 months) were used to draw 19,657 participants representing a cross-section of private, commercial and airline transport certificate holders. Those participants then filled out an extensive questionnaire, and, while it was not a personality inventory per se, it did contain 27 questions concerning attitudes about flying."
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Aircraft Maintenance Management, 2005.
An analysis of the cost savings that can be obtained from efficient aircraft maintenance management.
1,398 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
A major expense of operating any aircraft is maintenance expense. In commercial and business aviation, the costs go far beyond the immediate costs of direct labor and materials. This paper examines how the critical nature of maintenance planning and advanced software technology potentials have combined to create many types of software options for automated maintenance scheduling. It looks at how maintenance planning software can reduce maintenance costs and prevent loss of revenue and how operators are forging "off the shelf" programs into individualized solutions.
Outline
Abstract
Direct Effects of Poor Maintenance Planning
Indirect Effects of Poor Maintenance Planning
Software Solutions
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"The obvious consequences of poor maintenance planning are flight safety failures. One infamous incident involved the January 2000 crash of Alaska Airlines Flight 261 into the Pacific Ocean when a crucial flight control part failed. It was later determined by the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) that the part, a jackscrew controlling the horizontal stabilizer, failed due to lack of lubrication. The NTSB ruled not only that failure was due to poor maintenance practices of Alaska Airlines but also blamed the Federal Administration Agency (FAA) for lack of oversight. (Wallace, 2006) Alaska Airlines improved their maintenance procedures and the FAA issued additional requirements for the jackscrew inspection intervals."
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Aircraft Communication System, 2002.
A technical study of ACARS - Aircraft Communication Addressing and Reporting System.
2,033 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper describes how this system allows aircrafts to communicate and report to the ground and vice versa. It explains the processes involved, the transmitting of data on VHF frequencies that can be received and decoded. It is a digital data system in VHF (Aviation). It makes it possible for aviation companies to ?communicate? and track the planes of their fleet.
From the Paper
"The Aeronautical Radio, Inc. (ARINC) maintains a huge worldwide VHF and HF voice network to provide operational radio communications for the aircraft industry. ACAR was designed and developed in the early eighties. It was produced to reduce the flight crew's workload by using modern computer technology to exchange many routine reports and messages. ACARS uses the AM mode because the same airborne VHF radio is often also used for voice communications. Burst transmissions are used with a limit of 220 characters per message. Transmissions often last less than one second."
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Aircraft Accident Investigation Tools and Techniques, 2004.
This paper consists of specific areas of aircraft accident investigation technologies and their uses by investigators.
3,587 words (approx. 14.3 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 100.95
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Abstract
This paper explains the various techniques used by aircraft accident investigating teams today. The writer explains the technical terms for the layman, which include accident scene photography, metallurgy, fluid analysis of fuels and oils, fire investigation in flight or on the ground occurrence, human factors, flight deck design, appropriate degree of automation, automatic overwing exit, human forensics and pathology, and flight data recorders.
From the Paper
"Aviation accident and incidents are extremely painful and expensive for the aviation industry. This is why the aviation industry has investigative engineers who hold the responsibility of investigating accidents by reviewing and identifying the primary cause of the accident, whether it was related to aircraft performance such as, aerodynamics, engines, electrics, hydraulics, or if it was environmental or simply human error.
Investigating aircraft accidents can be extremely complex, sometimes taking many months to figure out the cause of the whole accident. So for the purpose of this task, there are engineers who often collaborate to work in teams in conducting the investigations. Primarily they are solely responsible licensed Professional Engineers, hired by the FAA Air Transport."
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