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African-Canadian Community Perceptions, 2007.
This paper explores the challenges facing the Toronto police when dealing with the African community.
4,514 words (approx. 18.1 pages), 21 sources, APA, $ 117.95
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Abstract
This paper relates that the Metropolitan Toronto Police (MTP) face a Black community that can strongly support police efforts, although some individuals see the MTP as biased against any and all persons of African descent. The paper discusses media stereotypes and representations of Black youth violence. The paper looks at the Toronto Police service's racism-free policing culture and comments that one sees nothing in the media to indicate many decent police who certainly serve the Black public fairly. The paper decries the media that focuses on alleged police brutality, prejudice or anti-African discrimination.
Outline:
Introduction
The African 'Community'
Police Prejudice and its Correction
Observations of Lawyers and Others
Again -- What is the Black Community?
Gangs and Related Activities
Concluding Discussion
From the Paper
"The very term African or 'Black' is a very broad and some would argue a distorting term, in view of a range of communities in Toronto that happen to be of African origin. Effort was made while preparing this paper to speak with a range of persons in those of 'Canadian Black' origins, descendants of Underground Railroad fugitives, Jamaican Maroons or Empire Loyalists, from Toronto's immense and also varied West Indian community to have taken form since the early 1960s, and also, more recent arrivals from Commonwealth and other African countries. The extreme variety of African origins in the 'Black Community' is not explained to the public by the mass media any more than effort is made to explain that 'white' Torontonians are extremely varied."
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Employee Perceptions and Empowerment, 2002.
Examines the relationships among employees' work perceptions of expectations, opportunities, fulfillment and performance.
25,550 words (approx. 102.2 pages), 186 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the area of consumer food marketing which has been an unresearched area in the realm of empowerment and employee perceptions. The purpose of the research is to determine the relationships among the study variables of opportunity, fulfillment, expectations and performance, since these factors are related to perceptions of empowerment in the literature, and to determine if these factors varied by age, income and marital status in a sample of 224 participants. This problem is studied through the use of the Work Perceptions Profile, a survey devised, tested and validated by Pace and Mills (1990). Data in the paper is analyzed by correlational and chi square statistics to answer the research questions regarding variable correlational relationships and effects of demographics (age, income, marital status).
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Employee Perceptions to Empowerment
Statement of the Problem
Background of the Study
Theoretical Support
Definition of Terms
Significance of the Study
Scope, Delimitations, & Limitations
Research Questions
Summary
Literature Review
Introduction
Theoretical Models
Psychoanalytical Models
Behavioral Models
Self-Efficacy Models
Models of Motivation
Empowerment
Job Characteristics and Job Design
Research Study and Design
Job Satisfaction
Career Self-Efficacy
Life Styles and Marital Status
Summary
Methodology
Research Methods
Population and Sample
Instrumentation
Procedures
Data Analysis
Limitations
Results
Study Background
Findings
Corollaries of Age and Income
Opportunities for Growth
Perceptions of Fulfillment
Perceptions of Advancement
Perceptions of Performance
Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations
Conclusions
Implications
Limitations
Recommendations
Researcher Note
References
From the Paper
"Literature on empowerment shows the subject has been approached mainly from an end-state perspective or has focused on a single dimension. Relevant literature can generally be grouped into result orientation. Successful cases on empowerment studies includes (Berman, 1995; Burbidge, 1995) study on operational orientation, which focuses on empowerment through delayering, involving, establishing commitment, teaming and intervening (Bogg, 1995; Lashley, 1995b; Nixon, 1994; Osborne, 1994). Empowerment has been studied from the perspective of trait orientation, characterized by preconditions of control and power, trust and inclusion, accountability, honesty and risk-taking (Anfuso, 1994; Foster-Fishman & Keys, 1995). Another study on empowerment focused mainly on individual orientation, which included personal feeling, personal power, self-determination and cognitive variables of empowerment (Baird, 1994; Fulford & Enz, 1995; Spreitzer, 1995). In-depth investigation of a single dimension may provide a useful perspective, yet, at the implementation level, such an approach does not reflect adequately the complex sets of variables involved. Zimmerman (1990) commented that an overly individualistic conception of empowerment might limit one's understanding of the environmental influences, organizational factors, or social, cultural and political contexts. As organizations have striven to become more competitive, many have overlooked a critical element-the overall framework that could turn empowerment from a nice concept to a competitive advantage. Those employees? perception of expectations, opportunities, fulfillment and performance when factored into the organization?s culture, could determine if these variables impact an employee?s perception of empowerment. The culture of the organization could increase employee loyalty which would increase employment longevity and reducing the attrition rate."
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Risk Perceptions, 2006.
The paper analyzes the relevance of individuals' perceptions of risks to the actions of the government in managing potential hazards.
4,839 words (approx. 19.4 pages), 56 sources, MLA, $ 123.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the role risk perceptions play in shaping citizens' policy preferences on three issues involving types of potential harms: air pollution, crime, and hazardous waste storage and disposal. The paper uses cases studies to illustrate that risk perceptions are relevant to the public's views on environmental issues. The analysis shows that crime, as a personal safety/social policy issue, and air pollution as an environmental regulatory issue are extremely similar in terms of determinants of policy preferences. Hazardous waste storage and disposal is quite dissimilar. The paper concludes that that it is evident that most individuals do see the role of government as inclusive of a duty to protect the citizenry from such hazardous materials and environments.
Outline:
Introduction
Specific Case Studies Regarding Waste Management Issues
Specific Relationships between Risk Management and Policy
Risk in Individual Policy Preferences
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Individuals' perceptions of risks are relevant to the policy process. The degree of risk individuals assign to activities (e.g., cigarette smoking) or technologies (e.g., genetic modification of foods) involving possible harm helps shape their attitudes toward public policy on such issues. Extensive literatures explain both the underlying causes of risk perception per se and the determinants of assigning risk to particular activities, situations, or technologies. But relatively few studies account for how those risk perceptions specifically influence preferences toward government policies designed to manage potential public health, personal safety, or ecological hazards."
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Perceptions - Hearing and Flavor, 2002.
An insight into the perceptions of flavor and hearing including an overview of sensory processes and the workings of the ear.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper is a study resource for the physics and perception of detection of flavor and hearing. It consists of details regarding the sensation of flavor and the sensory processes in it. It also covers the details of the physical function of the components of the inner ear and the process of perception within the inner ear.
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The Perceptions of Two Noted Explorers on Mexico, 2002.
A comparative analysis of the perceptions of the two explorers Hernan Cortes and Bernal Diaz del Castillo on the exploration of Mexico.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper explores two perceptions of the early exploration of Mexico by the texts of two noted explorers, Hernan Cortes and Bernal Diaz del Castillo. In particular, two works are noted as being representative of the texts of that era, being Cortes' "Letters from Mexico" and del Castillo's "The True History of the Conquering of New Spain". This paper focuses primarily on these two sources, although other sources are used.
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"Himalayan Perceptions", 2008.
An analysis and review of "Himalayan Perceptions: Environmental Change and the Well-Being of Mountain Peoples," written by Jack Ives.
1,090 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a summary and analysis of Jack Ives' book, "Himalayan Perceptions: Environmental Change and the Well-Being of Mountain Peoples". The paper looks at the book in context of the author's other writings and analyzes the purpose and viability of the research that was done for it. The paper also provides the writer of this paper's opinion regarding the book and Ives's position regarding the Himalayan ecosystem.
From the Paper
"Ives uses a compelling methodology followed by a strong amount of research. He structures the book to show the problem. By focusing on the area and its environmental problems first, he sets a tone that does not simply invalidate the fact that there are problems with the Himalayan ecosystem. He offers strong evidence to show that the natural disasters are real. However, he does not merely end there, but continues to show that the common perceptions are incorrect. As an example, he quotes an article the Basler Zeitung, which states, "The severe floods in eastern India and Bangladesh are not the result of a natural disaster, but of the ruthless exploitation of the forests which has been practised over many centuries in the Himalayas" (103). Ives then spends the rest of the chapter offering evidence that shows that this belief is incorrect. By doing this, he acknowledges the common belief, then uses research and facts to prove that common belief to be incorrect. This example is one of many, but it shows that Ives is not merely trying to remove an old lie and replace it with a new one, but rather to effectively communicate a new perspective that is founded on research and facts."
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Ancient Afterlife: Perceptions and Rituals, 2002.
This paper describes the afterlife rituals and the perceptions during life as to what the afterlife will be for Ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia and Greece.
2,039 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper provides an examination as to how these people imagined the afterlife through daily prayers and customs. For each civilization, the writer presents rituals, festivals and writings from the time in order to help the reader understand the type of lifestyle each civilization lead. In addition there are detailed descriptions of the burial processes and practices for perserving their dead.
From the Paper
"In Egypt, death was just a right of passage to the next domain, however in order to die properly, the right spells and incantations must have been performed. As shown in The Book of the Dead, written around 2400 B.C. there were very serious rituals that must be performed in order to pass on properly. These spells and incantations reflected how much the Egyptians expected from their society. For example when an Egyptian dies they must face the gods and must repeat lines from the spell ?The Protestation of Guiltlessness?. A few lines from this poem are as follows: ?I have not committed evil against men; I am pure! My purity is the purity of the great benu-bird?; I have not told lies; I have not trespassed? (as on another?s land). These are just a few of the many lines that tell of a persons character in hopes of being accepted into their afterlife. The Egyptians were well known for having a mixture of human and animal characteristic in their gods. For example Seth (desert god) was depicted with a doglike body, long neck, upright tail, and squared ears. The vulture goddess Nekhbet was tutelary goddess of Upper Egypt, while her counterpart in Lower Egypt was cobra goddess Wadjet (Nagle, 28)."
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Aristotle's Perceptions on the Rich and the Poor, 2002.
Explores the theories of Aristotle in respect to his perceptions of the divide between the rich and the poor and how this distinction impacts society.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
Aristotle strongly believes that neither the rich nor the poor are equipped for promoting a functional and balanced social environment due mainly to their lack of moral character. In order to circumvent this problem, it is necessary to ensure that the middle classes are empowered in terms of political structure, where the middle class does indeed have the knowledge of virtue that is essential for the forward- thinking society. There is an emphasis on the essay "Polis" from Aristotle's work Politics.
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Conflicting Perceptions of Infinity, 2005.
This paper discusses the concept of infinity and provides an analysis of conflicting perceptions in this regard.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 2 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This three page undergraduate paper examines an infinity puzzle called 'Doing Business with the Devil'. The writer explains that resolving the puzzle requires accepting the interpretation that there may be many infinities. The writer discusses that if this is true, turning a light switch on and off at ever decreasing intervals and then determining whether the light would be on or off after two minutes would result in a conclusion that the light would be both on and off.
From the Paper
"In discussing and analyzing the "Doing Business with the Devil" puzzle presented in the lecture, resolving the puzzle requires accepting the interpretation that there may be many infinities. If this is true, turning a light switch on and off at ever decreasing intervals and then determining whether the light would be on or off after two minutes would result in a conclusion that the light would be both on and off. From the point of view of Rucker, this is the only logical conclusion that can be made, "for the infinite regresses resulting from recursion" confirm that the infinite "is a real, rather than imagined, concept" (Rucker)."
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Women Writers and Changing Social Perceptions., 2002.
Examines the work of Veronica Franco, Anna Maria Van Schurman, and Tullia d'Aragona on the changing of social perceptions.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the issue of women writers in history challenging a male- dominated society. Three women writers are of particular interest for this paper, being active in their fields. These women are Veronica Franco, Anna Maria Van Schurman, and Tullia d'Aragona.
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Priming Effect of Media on Political Perceptions, 2000.
Analysis of an article on the theory that media coverage affects perceptions of President's performance, focusing on the Iran-Contra scandal.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 1 source, $ 71.95
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From the Paper
" Krosnick and Kinder (1990) conducted a test of their theory of "priming" in a study based on data gathered by the 1986 National Election Study (NES). The data was compiled in the period preceding and following the 25 November 1986 announcement by the Reagan White House that funds secured from the sale of arms to Iran had been diverted by members of the President's National Security Council (NSC) to the Contra forces fighting to overthrow the Sandinista government of Nicaragua. Priming deals with the effect of news media attention to certain stories on individuals' assessments of the President's performance and had, according to the literature reviewed here, been supported by experimental tests. The authors felt that the fortunate chance of a major scandal occurring in the midst of a major information gathering initiative provided them with a rare opportunity to..."
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Student Perceptions of Assessment.
This paper is a research proposal to study student perceptions of assessment.
4,270 words (approx. 17.1 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 113.95
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Abstract
This paper describes a study of college students and the types of assessments that they receive, how they perceive these assessments and how valuable they see them when it comes to determining what types of assessments are best for deciding exactly how much a student has learned any particular course. The author points out that, even if the assessment is somewhat strange or rather difficult, a student who has full and thorough knowledge of the subject will be less uncomfortable with any type of assessment criteria than a student who has not learned the curriculum well and is therefore struggling to perform well on any type of assessment criteria. The paper relates that the research methodology is a focus group of between 7 and 10 students who will be asked specific questions some of which will be close-ended using yes/no or scales.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Overview of the Study
Significance of the Study
Rationale of the Study
Scope of the Study
Review of the Literature
Methodology
Research Design and Approach
Procedures Used and Data Analysis
Research Considerations and Limitations
Validity and Uniqueness of Data
Summary
From the Paper
"Students often have very different perceptions about assessments than instructors do and rather than overlooking these perceptions as the naivete of youth it is more important to look at these perceptions as something worthwhile for instructors to consider when they create assessments for those students and the students that they will have in the future. By doing this many more students will be helped to learn everything that they need to know and students who are struggling to learn the material can be singled out much more easily based on the type of assessment given. When this is done students who are having difficulty with the material can receive extra help and reap the benefits of the instructor's knowledge of their difficulties."
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Children's Innocence and Perceptions, 2005.
A discussion on innocence and perceptions of the child from the later 18th century as depicted in literature.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
British romanticism bestowed upon the child an almost holy status as indicated in "The Lamb" by William Blake (1757-1857), and as this view of innocence would come and go through much of the following centuries, in response to other social influences, including the profound cultural influence of Christianity in Europe. This paper examines the sentiment identified in "The Lamb" in relation to understandings of Blake's day involving the child as innocent, and also, later attention in educated culture, although different, to the child also identified as a symbol of innocence whose development should be taken most seriously by adults.
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"Catch-22" and "The Thin Red Line": Perceptions of War, 2001.
Essay on the American perceptions of war and how it is depicted in the media.
2,182 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 13 sources, $ 68.95
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Abstract
This essay looks at Joseph Heller?s classic novel ?Catch-22? and the 1998 film ?The Thin Red Line?, based on the novel of the same name by James Jones. It demonstrates that both novel and film highlight the sheer idiocy and futility of combat warfare, and concludes that this is now the contemporary American view of World War II and war generally. Paradoxically, however, it also states that, in spite of such a view about past wars, and a widespread opposition to loss of American lives, the US Government continues to be actively involved in conflict around the world with the tacit and even enthusiastic support of a majority of the American people.
From the Paper
"Americans believed their country had fulfilled their duty to their allies and to the western world generally, and had saved the world from unmitigated disaster at the hands of the German, Italian and Japanese war machines. Barely had World War II ended than the Korean Peninsular erupted in all-out war. All too quickly after partition in 1948, the conflict there turned into a major ideological battle between communism and free enterprise. Despite growing disenchantment in the US about war generally, President Truman sent US military forces to South Korea to help United Nations efforts to stop the fighting there following a North Korean attack on South Korea in 1950. Even though the ?adventure? turned into a dreadful misadventure, it ?established a precedent for U.S. intervention to contain Communist expansion.?
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?Mexican-Americans? Perceptions of Culturally Competent Care?, 2004.
A research critique of the article, ?Mexican-Americans? Perceptions of Culturally Competent Care?, by Maria R. Warda.
2,174 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper critically analyzes the research methods used by Warda in her article about what makes up culturally competent care as it relates to Mexican-Americans. It explains how Warda advances the idea that there are four main areas of cultural care that relate to the Mexican-American community and how well they are served by health care professionals. The writer states that these are family, spirituality, communication, and health beliefs and practices. It discusses how, specifically, in consideration of these four areas of cultural care, Warda?s research seeks to answer just what traits, beliefs, and practices in the four areas exert the greatest influence on the health care of Mexican-Americans.
From the Paper
"If one of the most important goals of any health care provider is providing the best quality of care possible for one?s patients, then the health care researcher is no less responsible for ensuring their work is of the best possible integrity. To insure this, the health care researcher must follow stringent protocols in gathering and presenting their information, as well as in extrapolating meaning from that information. Indeed, it is of significant consequence if published mainstream research is competently preformed in all of its aspects. Not only does this insure researcher, institution, and publication credibility, but it insures that the actual ?field? application of the conclusions drawn from research work are beneficial to patient care."
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