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African-American Dance and Women, 2003.
Examines the influence of African-Americans in shaping the history of dance in the U.S.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, $ 39.95
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Abstract
Discusses contributions to dance, popular dances of the past, and female trend setters in African-American dance, including Aida Overton Walker and Katherine Dunham and her ballet group.
From the Paper
"African-Americans are credited with having been highly influential in shaping the history of dance in the United States. Since the introduction of the "cakewalk" launched social dancing in the 1800s, African-Americans ..."
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African Americans, 2002.
A comparison of the portrayal of African Americans in "Souls of Black Folk" by W.E.B. Du Bois with D.W. Griffith's 1915 film "Birth of a Nation".
754 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how in his novel "The Souls of Black Folk" W.E.B. Du Bois wrote that the problem of the 20th Century is the problem of the color-line and how written in 1903, Du Bois' analysis proved correct for the rest of the century, particularly the first two-thirds of the 20th Century when Hollywood films depicted blacks as inferiors. It shows how a comparison of his portrayal of African Americans with D.W. Griffith's 1915 landmark film "Birth of a Nation" reveals a vivid contrast in the depiction of African Americans. It looks at how Du Bois portrays African Americans as a people who experience racial suffering and injustices, but also as a people with great strengths and resources who must fight as opposed to the film industry which stereotyped them as ignorant savages or grinning, dancing stooges or people who could only hold menial jobs and who lacked morals and intellect.
From the Paper
"Before the release of "Birth of a Nation" blacks remained for the large part politically indifferent to the derogatory images presented by the film industry. One historian attributes their lack of interest to the deep puritan fundamentalist roots that dismissed film as needless frivolity (Cripps 11). Another reason could be that African Americans had so many areas that required their attention that leaders did not have the time to deal with film. The depiction of African Americans in Hollywood films was horrific, with stereotypes of them as ignorant savages or grinning, dancing stooges or people who could only hold menial jobs and who lacked morals and intellect. D. W. Griffith, the single most influential director of his time, took the stereotypes even further in A Birth of a Nation,@ portraying African Americans as brutal, lusting menaces who represented a very real threat to society."
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Breast Cancer and African-American Women, 2007.
This paper examines several issues concerning African-American women and breast cancer.
6,569 words (approx. 26.3 pages), 23 sources, APA, $ 151.95
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Abstract
This extensive paper examines a number of issues related to African-American women and breast cancer, with an emphasis on detection, treatment and survival. The paper gives a brief overview of cancer, the breast and types of breast cancers. The author then describes the purpose of this study, which was to determine the impact of racial disparity on breast cancer survival. The study also addresses socio-economic factors, such as lack of health insurance, and low incomes. The study attempts to identify the reasons why African-American women have a higher mortality rate than all other ethnic groups. Finally, the author questions whether education, community out-reach programs, resources would influence the probability of reducing breast cancer mortality rates among African-American women.
Outline:
Introduction and Problem Background
The Breast
Development of the Breast
What is Cancer?
What is Breast Cancer?
Major Types of Breast Cancers
Risk Factors for developing Breast Cancer
Purpose of Study
Research Objectives
Limitation
Assumptions
Definition of Terms
Scope of Study
Review of Related Literature
Historical and General Background
Possible Barriers to The African-American Women having Mammograms
Existing Studies
Another Study of Racial Disparities in Breast Carcinoma Survival Rates
Methodology
Instrumentation
Statistical Approach
Relevant Results and Significant Studies
Summary of the Literature Reviewed
Findings
Association Between Socio-economic Status and Breast Cancer Survival
Relationship between racial difference in treatment, and breast cancer mortality among the African-American women and the Caucasian-women
Summary, Conclusions, Recommendations
Summary
Conclusions
Recommendations
References
From the Paper
"The incidence of breast cancer among the African-American women is slightly lower than it is for the Caucasian women. In any given year, 95 out of 100,000 African-American women are diagnosed with breast cancer, compared to 112 out of every 100,000 the Caucasian women. However, the African-American women are slightly more likely to develop breast cancer after age 50 (www.netwellness.org, 2004). Breast cancer is the cancer with the second highest death rate for both the African-American women and the Caucasian women. The overall lifetime risk of being diagnosed with breast cancer is 10% for the African-American women and 14% for the Caucasian women. However, about 31 out of every 100,000 the African-American women died from the disease each year compared to just 27 out of every 10,000 the Caucasian women from 1989 to 1992, but the rate also rose by 2% for the African-American women during the same period."
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Heroic African Women, 2001.
A comparative essay on two novels written by women of African descent - "Efuru" by Flora Nwapa and "Woman at Point Zero" by Nawal El Saadawi.
1,929 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 61.95
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Abstract
The paper analyzes and compares two novels dealing with African women. It shows that in "Efuru", Flora Nwapa depicts the image of a traditional Igbo African woman and her role in African society as a woman, mother and provider. The paper examines how "Efuru" personifies all the qualities of a female hero within her society by focusing on her beliefs in the manifestation of spiritual power and strong cultural ideals. The paper then looks at "Woman at Point Zero" by Nawal El Saadawi in which the main character, Firdaus, is jailed for committing murder. It shows how "Woman at Point Zero" introduces a heroine of a different sort. Firdaus is a strong woman who makes adjustments in her life to achieve her wants and desires in life and to compensate for her lack of social and economic opportunity in a materialist and patiarchal society.
From the Paper
"Efuru's strength manifests itself in her spiritual connection with the woman of the lake and spiritual consciousness from within. After being summoned in her dreams by the woman of the lake and accepting her role as a worshipper of Uhamiri, it becomes apparent that changes begin to occur in Efuru's life. As a worshipper must reserve "Orie" night for Uhamiri by wearing white, which may symbolize the purity and goodness in Efuru. With this new stature she has inevitably become more successful in her trade and more logical in her reasoning. The environment, especially the lake and the moon, represents and suggests where the life force and spirituality of the community is derived."
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African-American Women and Suicide, 2007.
This paper explores the possible reasons for the low suicide rates among African-American woman.
1,462 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 16 sources, APA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper reveals that, although suicide rates are at epidemic proportions, suicide rates for African-American women are unusually low. The paper reviews the statistical patterns of suicide in the United States and in minorities around the world and discusses the plight of the African-American woman in relation to psychosocial and psychological issues. The paper then discusses coping devices used by African-American women that are associated with lower suicide rates.
Outline:
Plight of the African-American Women
Protective factors
From the Paper
"Eight hundred thousand (800,000) died by their own hand throughout the world in 2000; more than died that year in all of the wars and armed conflicts (McKenzie, Serafty & Crawford, 2003). With an average of 30,000 deaths per year, suicide is the ranked as the eighth leading cause of death in the United States, with the risk to white females being double that of all non-white minority groups combined (Mann, 2000). Among African Americans aged 25 to 44, suicide was considered the seventh leading cause of death in 2000 (Kaslow, Thompson, Meadows, Chance, Puett, Hollins, Jessee & Kellermann, 2000). In 2002, 1,939 African Americans committed suicide; of these only 306 were female, providing a male to female suicide ratio of 5.34:1 ("African American," 2004). Pryor (2006) states that in the United States, every 78 seconds at least one woman will make a suicide attempt, however only one woman will actually commit suicide every 90 minutes."
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African Women's Roles, 2008.
An exploration of the impact of Islam and European culture on the roles of African women.
3,975 words (approx. 15.9 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 107.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the historical roles of African women within African culture. The paper specifically looks at how these roles have changed over time and analyzes the impact of Islam and European culture on the roles of African women. The paper shows how the presence of the Arabs and Europeans in Africa changed the course of African women's lives forever.
From the Paper
"As the impact of the Islamic influence on women spread throughout Africa, the Europeans began to infiltrate the country, adding their own perceptions of the female gender to the national philosophy. Yet, the Europeans believed that because African women were no more than slaves, they had the right to inflict any action against them that they desired. This often included rape and the forced captivity of African women as concubines. While these events occurred in a widespread manner throughout Africa, no effort was made by African men to stop the degredation of African women. Furthermore, over time it became apparent that African men had adopted the ideologies of the Europeans and allowed African women to become the least respected individuals within the social order."
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African-American Women and Drug Trafficking, 2008.
This paper explores the relationship between African-American women and the selling of drugs.
1,180 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the observation that young African-American women have a higher proclivity to sell drugs than other races such as their young Caucasian counterparts. The paper examines studies that shows this relationship between at risk behaviors and young African-American women. The paper also looks at research that explores how early adolescence affects African-American women later in adulthood insofar as drug-related problems are concerned. The paper discusses a proposed study that will determine the degree to which poverty and economic related circumstances contribute to drug trafficking in a specific urban center among the young African-American female population.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
II. Literature Review
III. Methodology
From the Paper
"This research project is designed to identify the primary factors related to the high incidence rate of young African American women who commonly sell drugs or engage in drug trafficking activity in the nation's urban centers. The working hypothesis states that poverty and related economic factors directly impact the study populations' proclivity to engage in drug trafficking as an economic alternative. While this might seem criminally obvious, there are social and cultural implications related to the study outcomes which the criminal justice system must learn to accommodate for such as devising adequate drug treatment programs for repeat offenders that better assess and target the contributing behaviors (Laudet, Cleland, Magura, Vogel & Knight, 2004). "
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African Women, 2003.
An examination of the dual challenge and delicate balance facing African women.
2,937 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 86.95
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Abstract
This paper examines African women and the dual challenges of maintaining their culture while also furthering their status in society during a time where the very nature of those goals lies on tentative ground. The paper illustrates how African women's dual social and political contributions have helped sustain the cultural binds common to most African communities while also improving the status of women within the society.
From the Paper
"The African continent constitutes a myriad of types of societies and as well as a melange of distinct heritages. Africa's diverse population has been, for thousands of years, continuously organizing into compact communities with shared languages, religions, or common descent. The majority of Africans live in small towns or villages where self-sufficient compounds are established and close knit family units are created. In the pre-colonial hunter/gatherer societies which made up most of the first 'traditional' African societies, women did almost all of the work whereas the men were quite lazy. In these societies men were often gone for weeks on end as their role was to forage for food while the women held the community together. These early societies also tended to be matrimonial."
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African-Americans, Women and Twentieth Century America, 2002.
A discussion of the impact of the New Deal, the Great Depression and World War II on African Americans and women.
1,177 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how The New Deal, the Great Depression and World War II had an immense impact on American history and the socio-economic status of African Americans and women in particular. It shows how the New Deal allowed America to pick itself up by the bootstraps and recover from the Great Depression and how African-Americans benefited from the acts as jobs were created for all levels of society. It also describes how World War II improved the postion of the role of women in the workforce and how African-Americans became involved in professions that were before only white professions due to the shortage of labor. It also looks at the Great Society and the War on Poverty and how Johnson sought civil rights for African-Americans while at the same time seeking job rights and better wages for the poor in general.
From the Paper
"World War II, though, had the hugest impact on both African Americans and women. Suddenly, the economy was back on its feet, with millions of dollars being devoted to plans such as Lend-Lease to help the British out. And then after Pearl Harbor, American spending truly reached a peak. The New Deal set the stage for the economy's recovery after the Great Depression, but World War II actually revived the economy. Suddenly, the role of women in the workforce was paramount. With men away at war, women had to do all the work - including building warships, for instance - that men previously did. "
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African American Women, 2006.
A discussion regarding oppression, diversity and the struggle for human rights of African American women.
2,089 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at how the history of African American women is closely aligned to the history of social and racial oppression in America. The paper discusses how the history of this group is linked strongly to the development of the movement in this country against inequality and for civil rights. The paper further discusses how the history of African American women is also intimately bound up with the history and after effects of slavery.
Outline:
Introduction
Aspects of Culture and Tradition
Social Work Aspects
Further Research and Resources
From the Paper
"Among the many other social and health issues that characterize this group are drug and alcohol abuse and dependency. Studies have found that there is a relatively high rate of drug and alcohol abuse among African American, which can be ascribed to factors such as feelings of oppression and social discrimination. (Washington & Moxley, 2003, p.146) As one study clearly states, among the factors that influence drug and alcohol use in this group are"...sociodemographic status, race and ethnicity, interpersonal relationships, and life events....(Lucas, Goldschmidt & Day, 2003, p. 273) Studies also reiterate these points with regard to prenatal alcohol abuse. " Ethnicity and race have been identified as significant correlates of prenatal alcohol use. One study found that that "...African American women were more likely to continue to drink throughout pregnancy than were white women." (Lucas, Goldschmidt & Day, 2003, p. 273)"
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Active African American Women, 2002.
An historical history of activism amongst African-American women.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This six-page paper examines the activism of African American women and discusses why they have often been ignored in African American history. The author discusses the Emancipation and Reconstruction eras, provides examples of how women worked on behalf of themselves, their families and the race, and analyzes the role gender played
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African Women and Independence, 2004.
An analysis of the advances and limitations of African women since independence.
1,158 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the struggle for gender equality and the freedom from societal constraints is a task faced by most women all around the world and how this struggle is made more complex in Africa, where women are still "colonized" by customs and religious beliefs that stipulate their role in a male-dominated society. It looks at how, after colonialism, African women found themselves in a more backwards situation in terms of their rights and how the post-colonial state of Africa has witnessed both the advancement and limitation of women in the political, social, and economic sectors.
From the Paper
"Although African women continue to make solid progress in becoming part of the political scene, there are limitations associated with this progress. More African women are beginning to enter the political landscape and are making great strides in influencing policies that favors the advancement of women. Recently, an African woman named Wangari Maathai who is Kenya's assistant environment minister made history when she won the Nobel peace prize, depicting the great potential of the African woman. As Nakazael Tenga and Chris Peter's article indicates, political parties were formed in the years following independence that acknowledged the efforts of women throughout the continent. Organizations like the UWT in Tanzania were created to unite all women while voicing their concerns regarding political issues."
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Effects of WWII on Women and African-Americans, 2001.
This paper shows how World War II affected women and African-Americans.
1,465 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 1 source, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper shows how World War II profoundly affected the attitudes of women and African Americans towards American society at large. Racism and sexism was common and frequently considered "normal" prior to war, but the military experiences of African Americans and work on the home-front by women altered their beliefs about the social system they lived in, leading them to challenge and not accept racism and sexism.
From the Paper
"One major effect World War II had on American society was that it showed the oppressed women and African-Americans at that time that they should no longer suffer silently through the sexism and racism that was pressed against them. As many women and blacks served in various parts of the military, they realized that no matter how hard they tried, or how good they were at what they did, they were never given the recognition they deserved. There was no such thing as equal opportunity. If you were a white male, you were given the higher rank, better employment location, and anything else that would attempt to show you as the superior. After the war was over and they ultimately realized their full potential, they more fervently joined the fight to merely be treated as equals in the society in which they lived. World War II changed the lives and attitudes of many Americans as it gave a big push on the door that opened to a world in which racism and sexism no longer existed. As Dellie Hahne realized and many others could relate to, "The war directly influenced the rest of my life" (120)."
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E.E.O. and African-American Women, 2002.
Examines how the Equal Employment Opportunity Act empowers single African-American women.
1,236 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
One great remaining question in the empowerment theory is whether equal employment opportunity (E.E.O.) and affirmative action efforts have been effective and whether the employment status of protected groups (including African-American single women) has improved as a result of such efforts. This paper examines the E.E.O. Legislation, the actual results of that legislation and discusses the issues relative to whether or not it is helpful to African-American women.
From the Paper
"Regarding African American women specifically, Beller shows a marked improvement in the job status of black women relative to that of white women and men between 1965 and 1981. Even though many of these gains are attributed to the growth and sophistication of EEO legislation, (Auster & Drazin, 1988), in recent years it has been argued that EEO - AA legislation's greatest effect has been "the proliferation of administrative structures rather than the progress of protected groups" (p. 217) The development of formalized human resource management (HRM) structures among employing organizations is the focus of a growing body of research."
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The Impact of Slavery on African-American Women, 2004.
Discusses the impact of slavery on the sexuality of African-American women.
2,634 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 79.95
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Abstract
This paper explores how the experience of slavery shaped the development of African-American women's sexual identity and self-esteem. In addition, it examines how the larger American public views and portrays black women in the media.
From the Paper
"The Slavery in America is one of the most heinous events in history. What many fail to realize is that the experience of slavery has fashioned the way that African American women view their sexuality and body image. Before we can fully understand the impact that slavery had on African American Women, we must understand what slavery did to the African American family structure as a whole."
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