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Africa and the UN System, 2007.
This paper examines the UN system as it relates to Africa.
3,247 words (approx. 13.0 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 93.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that the United Nations is the result of the universal aspiration for peace and cooperation at the global level. The writer notes that from its inception, it was meant to be a world forum for discussing and resolving the problems facing humanity. Despite this lofty goal, in many occasions throughout its history, the world body failed to deliver on this promise. The writer notes that third world countries, most of them being fragile emerging democracies, face constant threats to their political system, their economic situation and the social structure. The writer points out that from this perspective, the reform of the United Nations may represent an opportunity for such countries to decide on a structure that would cater for their needs and problems to a larger extend than the existing one.
From the Paper
"The historical colonial background of the US determined it to take a strong stand against any possibility of maintaining the colonial system as part of any postwar agreement and reshaping of the world. At the same time, the political interests of all the three major powers that decided upon the blueprint of the peacetime imposed them an attitude that eventually favored the independence, although limited, of the former colonial possessions. Therefore, the current third world countries, which in large parts represent the African continent, were from the very beginning both under the overprotective eye of a system that had from the onset limited means and capabilities, and under the scrutiny of the trusteeship powers."
"This background on the issue at hand enables the proper presentation of the causes and effects of the failing UN policy towards third world countries, as well as its current results. Indeed, the highly anticipated UN reform can be seen as an opportunity for the small and poor countries to have their say in the reshaping of the institutional and political framework of the organization. "
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Political and Legal Systems of Africa, 2004.
This paper discusses the political and legal systems of Africa to determine if the area is a good place in which to do business.
1,340 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, in Africa, the people in the system are assisted, but the average African person is not, which leads to the corruption that is part of African society. The author points out that the problem with Africa from a business perspective is that the political system is not known and cannot be relied upon. The paper stresses that Africa is a questionable market to enter because of its instability.
From the Paper
"African governments as having ultimate power, with no institutions to check on them, also has a major impact on the legal forces. As noted above, the government considers itself the ultimate leader and does not consider it should answer to anybody else. This frame of mind also extends to the people of Africa. At all levels, there is a general view that the leader and their party is the only authority. This results in their being little concern with laws, as laws are viewed in other countries. In contrast, the leader is the law. In other countries, the law provides a standard for operating that does not change as leadership changes. In Africa, this stability of legal forces does not exist, with laws dependent on however is in power at the time."
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Performance Management System, 2003.
An analysis of the development of a performance management system at Medical Services Africa.
3,294 words (approx. 13.2 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 94.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces a performance management system to improve retention and reduce turnover to a small multi-national group based on a case study, staff survey and proposed implementation of a balanced scorecard incorporating 360 feedback.
Outline
Introduction
Overview of Medical Services Africa
Interviews and Survey
Performance Management Systems
Recommendations
Cost Analysis
From the Paper
"Medical Services Africa Ltd is a Mauritius registered company. It provides a head office function to various Medical Benefit Management and Third Party Administration companies in seven African countries through the company's South African offices. The company was formed in July 1999 and officially assumed responsibility for the support of two existing and five start up companies with effect 1 October 2002. Whilst a success story to date, focus until recently has been largely on the operational and financial management aspects of the businesses. Upon commencement of the business, key management and staff were selected based on competency and record of accomplishment and promised equity participation through a salary linked performance incentive system."
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The British and French Colonization System, 2005.
This paper compares and contrast the French colonization of Africa to the British colonization system.
1,116 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper briefly discusses the types of governing system both of these European powers used when taking control of Africa countries. It looks at the similarities between both systems and their flaws.
From the Paper
"The colonization in Africa resulted in trouble times for many Africans. The French colonized much of the Western border, while the British colonized parts of South Africa. The British and the French both wanted to conquer as much land as possible. As a result colonization began, and Africans fell under French or British rule. Despite African resistance these powers took over land in Africa, and the African values were ignored. France had control over Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Ivory Coast, Mauritania, Mali, Niger, and Benin, whereas Britain controlled Ghana, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Gambia, South Africa, Zimbabwe, Zambia, and Kenya."
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Apartheid South Africa, 2005.
An analysis of the homeland system (aka Bantustans) in Apartheid South Africa.
1,600 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how Apartheid was founded on the principle of segregation thus, in order for a race or 'nation' to progress and prosper it should be separated from other races or 'nations'. It looks at how this has led to what is more commonly know as "Homelands" or Bantustans. It also attempts to analyse what really was the homeland system, why it was necessary and why was it such a failure.
From the Paper
"By removal of blacks from white areas it would create a surplus of jobs for whites, thus the government saw it necessary to do so in order to protect certain classes of whites. By moving Africans into homelands, it would restrict mobility into white areas and in turn, the threat of cheap labour as a substitute would be eradicated. But on the other hand the idea of moving industries to the white side of the border of the homelands or by moving them into the interior of the homelands would provide a large amount of cheap labour thus cutting costs and, at the same time eradicating the number of blacks living in urban areas. Agricultural land owned by blacks in South Africa was expropriated and farmers paid little compensation for their losses."
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The American Tax System, 2002.
A comparative essay which compares the American tax system with those of four other countries.
1,700 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 10 sources, $ 55.95
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Abstract
A comparison of the tax systems of four different countries to the American tax system - South Africa, Mexico, Hong Kong, and New Zealand. The paper explains the American tax system and then analyzes the systems of these other four countries. It concludes with an overview of the country which is seems to the fairest to both individuals and corporations.
From the Paper
"Hong Kong has a Schedular system of taxation. 0;The tax burden is light and the system is simple; (Taxation in Hong Kong) In this system the only types of income that are taxable are: salaries, profits, and property tax. This system of taxation differs from that of the United States in that 1. The system is simple and easy to understand. 2.Personal income tax rates are among the lowest in the world with a cap of 15%. 3. Corporations are only taxed at a flat rate of 16.5% and capitals gains and dividends received by another Hong Kong corporation are not taxed. 4. It does not have a worldwide tax on income."
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AIDS in Africa: Mother to child transmission, 2006.
A discussion regarding the issue of mother to child transmission of AIDS in Africa, focusing specifically on South Africa.
3,375 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 10 sources, $ 133.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how AIDS is the most virulent disease even known to affect humanity, and Africa has been particularly hard hit. This paper examines this pandemic in terms of its incidence and its epidemiological profile. The paper focuses on Africa and more specifically on sub-Saharan Africa. In addition this paper pays special attention to the interesting case of South Africa and the crucial subject of mother to child transmission.
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The Scramble for Africa, 2006.
A paper explaining the economic impetus for the partitioning of Africa.
2,584 words (approx. 10.3 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 78.95
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Abstract
This paper explains why the European powers decided to parcel out among themselves the continent of Africa and, in particular, West Africa. The paper explains that there were a number of factors that led to the partitioning of Africa including economic reasons, the ending of the "old" relationship between Europe and Africa, and the changing attitudes toward slavery. The paper also looks at the political reasons for the partition and explains that all these changes combined caused the peoples of West Africa to lose their place in the world's economic community and submit to change that ultimately denied them their right to self-determination and dignity.
From the Paper
"The stamping out of the West African Slave Trade by the Royal Navy was only the first step in a sweeping reordering of the Native West African World. Though eventually the entire continent was to be affected by British anti-slavery policies, West Africa was among the first and hardest hit. Many Native kings derived a large part of their wealth from the Trade. They were willing participants in an exchange that formed the basis of their states' economies. Ashanti and Dahomey are two examples of powerful West African kingdoms that attempted to preserve their traditional sources of revenue and life-ways."
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"Understanding Contemporary Africa" by Douglas Gordon, 2002.
A look at neo-colonialism in Sub-Saharan Africa through a review of "Understanding Contemporary Africa" by Douglas Gordon.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 1 source, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper will discuss the elements of neo-colonialism that seems to have affected a large part of the Sub-Saharan parts of Africa within the book "Understanding Contemporary Africa" by Douglas Gordon. This paper will focus on the ways that this has been achieved in the rules that the colonials have created upon the African learning systems here. With this in mind, we can see how they function in tandem.
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Migration in Africa, 2005.
A discussion on rural-urban migration patterns in Africa.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at rural-urban migration patterns in Africa. It examines patterns in South Africa, sub-Saharan Africa, West Africa, Nigeria, Zambia and Ghana. The paper looks at the reasons for the migration and its effect on the rural areas and on the cities.
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U.S. and European Jury Systems, 2005.
Compares the two principle forms of legal systems in use in the world today.
1,844 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper compares and contrasts the legal system based on civil law and the legal system based on common law. The paper explains how civil law, enforced in Continental Europe, Latin America, most of Africa, and several Central European and Asian nations, and common law, enforced in the United States, England, and other countries that used to be part of the British Empire, differ in their origins and their different trial and arrest proceedings. The paper also explains how the two systems are inherently opposed to each other, although each shares the common goal of conducting the just, speedy, and inexpensive resolution of conflicts.
From the Paper
"The civil law system originated from ancient Roman law in the 6th century under Emperor Justinian and later modified by French and German jurists (Messitte 1999). On the other hand, the common law system began in England almost a thousand years ago when royal judges in the Parliament based their decisions on customary law common to the people, with capable lawyers giving support. In Europe, Justinian's law books and the legal system of the Catholic Church harmonized a thousand local laws, but England was constructing its own flexible legal system. It rejected the sentiment of the French Revolution that the power of judges should be controlled and that judges should limit the application of the law to the intent of the legislature (Messitte)."
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Struggles within South Africa, 2002.
This paper is an investigation into the effect of colonization on South Africa and the people of South Africa.
4,134 words (approx. 16.5 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 110.95
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Abstract
This is an in-depth paper of what the country of South Africa went through during the years of Dutch and British colonization. Discusses issues such as segregation, apartheid and freedom fighting. It begins with the Dutch colonization in 1652 and how this impacted the life of the African and Khoi Khoi natives. It examines how these early relationships gave rise to the hundreds of years of oppression and discrimination of the ruling white colonialist over the black natives. Studies these complex relationships until the time of the release of Nelson Mandela.
From the Paper
"Colonization is defined by Webster?s Dictionary as an act or instance of colonizing. To South Africa and the South African people colonization has a much deeper and much more complex meaning. Colonization began in South Africa with the entrance of the Dutch in1652 and again with the British in 1806. The colonization by the Dutch was brought on by the need for a supply port to help ships sailing around the southern tip of the African continent. The Dutch?s philosophy regarding the indigenous African people was one of separation and isolation. The Dutch urged their colonist to stay away from the native people and try to have little or no contact or interaction with them. One of the first conflicts between African and Dutch interest occurred between the Dutch and the KhoiKhoi. This conflict began when the indigenous KhoiKhoi realized that the Dutch settlers were in South Africa to stay. The KhoiKhoi believed that the Dutch intended to continue encroaching on the farmlands of their people. This tension between the Dutch and Africans broke out into a war, which last four years. The KhoiKhoi resistance was stopped by the Dutch due to the superior tactics and superior weapons used by the Dutch army. This conflict was one of many in which the native Africans attempted to take back their homelands, but fell short of their goals. In 1806 the British seized control of the South African colony in order to utilize its location and natural resources. "
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The Rise of Liberalism and the "Race for Africa", 2008.
A discussion of the relationship between liberalism in Europe in the late 19th century and the "Race for Africa."
794 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at liberalism in European politics in the 19th century. It also looks at the "Race for Africa," the series of colonization efforts that occurred during that period and its relationship to the liberalism in Europe. The paper suggests that the greatest irony of the triumph of liberalism in European politics in the 19th century was that it paralleled the most extreme imperial ventures of European involvement in Africa during that period, the "Race for Africa" or the "Scramble for Africa."
From the Paper
"Despite its nominal attempt to avoid conflicts between nations, the result of the Conference was that the European colonizers began in earnest to extend their control over as much African land as possible, to avoid being shut out by competing powers. In this race for control, treaties were forced upon native rulers. The principles of liberalism, so dear to European republics back home, were rendered largely irrelevant. By 1902, 90% of African territory was under European control (Iliffe 3.) All in all, the contradiction that existed between the liberal policies and reforms in Europe and the imperialist practices by European colonizers in Africa was never acknowledged at the time of greatest imperialism."
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AIDS in Africa, 2001.
This paper discusses the policy problems of fighting AIDS in Africa, highlighting the countries of Uganda and Senegal.
5,565 words (approx. 22.3 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 135.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that efforts to roll back the AIDS epidemic in Africa simply have not kept pace with the epidemic itself; therefore, the "International Partnership against AIDS in Africa," made up of African governments, the United Nations, donors, and the private and community sectors, was organized to establish and maintain processes by which governments, civil society, and national and international organizations working against AIDS in Africa can work together more effectively to curtail the spread of HIV. The author details the successful Brazilian policy program, which manufactures generic AIDS medicines and distributes them for free to HIV infected patients, and reviews the possibility of adapting this program in Africa. The paper concludes that, to be successful in preventing HIV transmission, countries need to work simultaneously on many fronts, such as schools, health facilities, and the workplace, through media campaigns, and through outreach to sex workers.
Table of Contents
The Problem
The Structure of the UN's Present AIDS Program
The UN's Present AIDS Strategy in Africa
The Cure
Policy Background
Path Dependency (What Is Being Done Now)
Possible Problems for Implementation
Lesson Drawing
Lesson Variables
Uganda and AIDS
The Problem
Government Response
Implementation
Monitoring
Senegal
Government Response
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The policy of drug manufacture and distribution is actually a quick fix in the Brazilian community. For two decades, NGO's (Non-Governmental Organizations) in Brazil have lobbied the government to take part in reforming the healthcare system in Brazil. NGO's are activist groups, which are largely community based and receive funding and organization from a wide variety of sources. Some NGO's are formed from international sources and many remain autonomous and independent. According to a survey done by Nelson Solano in Sao Paulo conducted of some 87 of these NGO's, about 51 were held to be autonomous, 19 to be religious based and 11 linked to sexual emancipation groups. Information about funding in the survey was lacking, however, due to the NGO's lack of eagerness to revealing their sources. NGO's have led the social movement against AIDS in Brazil and are mainly responsible for much of the progress toward treatment and a cure for AIDS in Brazil."
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Violations of International Humanitarian Law in Africa, 2001.
Analysis of human rights & religious violations & corruption in modern day Africa. Chad, Ethiopia, Somalia, South Africa, Namibia, Rwanda. Interclan politics, genocide. Response of international community.
7,425 words (approx. 29.7 pages), 37 sources, $ 135.95
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From the Paper
"Human rights violations and political corruption have gone hand-in-hand in Africa for many, many years. Both have become commonplace in Africa's pre- and post-independence history. Governments have resorted to mass arrests, detention without trial, and the ill-treatment (as well as the genocidal murder) of citizens (Kelso, 1994). Abuse and corruption, the latter characterized by the enrichment of self-designated elites who often pocket funds destined for development and humanitarian programs of vital importance, are seemingly endemic and self-perpetuating throughout much of modern-day Africa."
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