| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "AFFIRMATIVE ACTION EQUAL OPPORTUNITY": |
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Affirmative Action/Equal Opportunity, 2005.
Study of the evolution of the Affirmative Action and Equal Opportunity Acts.
5,956 words (approx. 23.8 pages), 18 sources, APA, $ 141.95
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Abstract
This paper traces the history, origins and evolution of the Affirmative Action and Equal Opportunity Acts as well as the opposition to such laws. The paper also looks at which agencies enforce and control the Affirmative Action and Equal Opportunity Acts and how they are enforced. Furthermore, the paper examines both affirmative action and equal opportunity litigation, the outcomes of the litigation and the repercussions of those outcomes. Finally, the paper discusses the effects of the Affirmative Action and Equal Opportunity Acts on America and how minorities feel when they receive unequal treatment.
From the Paper
"The policies of affirmative action aiming at assisting the black Americans are of recent origin. The policies have sought its origin to varied sources like legal structure, executive instructions, and court rulings. It was during the last three decades that these policies were being developed and they have become debatable as well. (Legal History) During the last three decades of the nineteenth century, a large number of African-Americans officiated in important public posts inclusive of two senators and 20 members in the House. However withdrawal of sustenance for reconstruction by the federal government in the late nineteenth century, the benefits extended to African Americans were wiped out and substituted by a system of legal segregation such as that of Latinos, Asians, and Native Americans. (Affirmative Action: Background)"
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Affirmative Action: Equal Opportunity or Neither?, 2002.
A higher and secondary educational look at equity, race and public policy.
5,330 words (approx. 21.3 pages), 22 sources, APA, $ 131.95
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Abstract
This is an analysis of affirmative action, race, public policy and education at the secondary and higher educational levels. Although it is written from an educational perspective, this paper also weighs heavily in terms of social and political policy. It discusses the two major events in the recent history of education. In 1995 the Board of Regents of the University of California system voted to ?stop admitting students, hiring professors, and awarding contracts on the basis of race." In April of 2001, the Fifth Circuit Court handed down a decision in a case challenging the legitimacy of affirmative action based admissions practices at the University Of Texas Law School.
From the Paper
"While educators have spent the last several years debating issues of quality and accountability in schooling, two fairly recent events have focused at least some attention on the issue of equality in education. In the summer of 1995 the Board of Regents of the University of California system voted to ?stop admitting students, hiring professors, and awarding contracts on the basis of race.? The announcement that all affirmative action considerations would be removed from the largest state system of higher education caused an immediate public outcry. In April of 2001, the Fifth Circuit Court handed down a decision in a case challenging the legitimacy of affirmative action based admissions practices at the University Of Texas Law School. It stated, effectively, that race might not be considered as a factor in the admissions process."
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Equal Employment Opportunity & Affirmative Action Programs, 1989.
Discusses federal acts; development; functions, enforcement; goals & quotas; hiring & promotions and failures & successes.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 12 sources, $ 79.95
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From the Paper
"The purpose of this research is to examine the Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) and Affirmative Action (AA) programs. A review of the current literature indicates shifts in thinking regarding these federal programs. The areas addressed include legislation (development and functions), enforcement (agencies and procedures), as well as failures and successes through goals, quotas, hiring, and promotion practices.
Legislation. This analysis focuses on Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 as amended by the Equal Employment Act of 1972 and the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution. Title VII, as amended by the 1972 Act, prohibits discrimination in employment based on race, color, religion, gender, or national origin. Title VII covers employers (a) engaged in an "industry affecting commerce" and (b)(...)"
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Affirmative Action and Equal Education, 2004.
An evaluation of affirmative action?s ability to provide equal educational opportunity for low-income minority students.
3,495 words (approx. 14.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 98.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how statistical data on affirmative action programs in American institutions of higher learning seems to suggest that affirmative action policies have helped to increase cultural and racial diversity on college campuses. It looks at how minority students have made significant gains in approaching representative populations at American colleges and universities. It also explores how current affirmative action policies do not substantially assist low-income minority students in attaining admission to college and how affirmative action programs that consider only minority status as a factor in determining admission do not benefit low-income minority students.
From the Paper
"Statistically, gender may also play a role in minority utilization of American higher education. According to the American Council on Education (2002), African American and Hispanic females attend colleges and universities at a higher rate than African American and Hispanic males. The last twenty-five years has also seen an increase in the population of white females attending college (American Council on Education, 2002). The gender gap in college attendance for minorities is significant in that affirmative action would seem, on the surface, to be more successful in drawing female minority populations to American colleges and universities than it is in drawing male minority populations. Whatever the answer may be to the question of unsymmetrical gender statistics concerning minority enrollment at institutions of higher learning, the result is the same: lack of true diversity within the educational institution?s population."
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Affirmative Action and the United States Constitution, 2005.
An examination of the current issue of affirmative action and equal opportunity employment. Argues pros and cons of current legislation, how they may be violating constitutional rights and possible reforms.
800 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper is mainly argumentative in nature, but also thoroughly analyzes the pros and cons of the issue, as well as compares and contrasts views of both sides. The main argument is that current laws regarding affirmative action in the workplace may be seen as unconstitutional. The paper touches on important related issues such as reverse discrimination and constitutionality of other related laws. It concludes with a variety of ways that law reforms could make these policies more Constitution friendly. The paper also includes a brief summary and history of the U.S. Constitution.
From the Paper
"So what exactly is unconstitutional about affirmative action? Some may argue that Amendment XIV should be interpreted to mean that equal rights is one of the privileges of being an American citizen, no matter what color or gender. If everyone has the same rights, why does affirmative action have the power to force schools and employers to choose one over another? After all, free enterprise and freedom of opinion are the main factors that make America envied by most other countries."
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Affirmative Action: Ideals, Ironies, Complexities, Politics, Rhetoric and Values, 2002.
This paper concentrates on the background of legislative efforts to equalize opportunity for American blacks and discusses the efforts made to realize non-discriminatory values, specifically the public policy of 'Affirmative Action'.
6,270 words (approx. 25.1 pages), 22 sources, MLA, $ 146.95
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Abstract
The following essay examines the affirmative action legislation that was created with the intention of offering the values of equal opportunity, racial equality and individual liberty as public policy. The writer examines how the rhetoric and political jargon involved in the implementation often overshadowed or confused the values that originally were intended in the legislation. It is of this writer's opinion that the Declaration of Independence established the idealistic intent of the United States of America to be a place for democratic equality and today Americans are still dealing with the complexities of turning the ideal into the real.
From the Paper
"Polarization over public policy attempting to legislate values is common. Affirmative action is an especially emotional, value oriented legislative issue. The complexities and ironies involved were present in the roots of American democracy and reverberate into modern times. Rhetoric resonates when affirmative action is the topic under discussion. Words like discrimination, reverse discrimination, preferential treatment, justice, equality, politics of inclusion, quotas, color-blindness fly fast and furiously. The main values under consideration in public policy concerning affirmative action are equal opportunity and civil rights. At it's inception affirmative action legislation was aimed at racial equality centered on the black/white dichotomy. As it evolved affirmative action came to include concern for the civil rights of other American ethnic minorities as well as the equality of civil rights between the sexes. In order to somewhat limit the vastness of the subject, this paper will concentrate on the extensive background of legislative efforts to equalize opportunity for American blacks and the public policy that emerged as efforts to realize non-discriminatory values evolved into what became known as affirmative action."
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Affirmative Action, 2005.
This paper argues the dichotomy of affirmative action in education and the workforce.
2,600 words (approx. 10.4 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 78.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that affirmative action is a moral and political question which seems to divide Americans more than it unites them, because some people regard it as a program designed to rectify racism and reverse the effects of both past and present discrimination but others simply see it as another form of discrimination. The author feels that affirmative action is a program of opportunity, not a program of discrimination; affirmative action's mission has never been about hiring less qualified workers, but about opening up equal opportunity and ensuring that equal opportunity with equal results. The paper stresses that diversity in education and the workforce not only includes African-American men and women but also includes other ethnicity groups, such as Asians, Latinos and Indians, who have been able to gain both an invaluable education and work experience through affirmative action programs.
Table of Contents
Educational Aspects of Affirmative Action
Affirmative Action in the Workforce
The Counter-Argument against Affirmative Action
Conclusion
From the Paper
"These policies have been when minorities are actively sought or preferred, the reason given is usually that this is necessary to compensate for advantages to groups such as males or those of European descent from racism, sexism, results of historical circumstances, and institutional racism. In the U.S., the most prominent form of affirmative action centers on access to education, particularly admission to universities and other forms of tertiary instruction. Race, ethnicity, native language, social class, geographical origin, parental attendance of the university in question (legacy admissions), and/or gender are often taken into account when assessing the meaning of an applicant's grades and test scores."
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Affirmative Action, 2004.
An explanation and comparison of goal-based affirmative action and process-based affirmative action.
1,354 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper distinguishes between two forms of affirmative action policies, the goal-based affirmative action and process-based affirmative action. This paper argues that most people who protest against affirmative action are actually against goals-based affirmative action. This paper further argues that a greater emphasis on process-oriented affirmative action policies will more effectively address the concerns of both sides of the affirmative action debate.
From the Paper
"Critics decry race-based admissions policies as an undermining of the merit-based system. However, Jesse Jackson points out the effects of race and socio-economic class in the academic performance of many minority children. Jackson argues that unlike affluent white, many minority students from low-income families do not access to resources like honors classes and SAT preparation courses. Also, the fact that many have to work after school to augment the family income places minority students at a distinct disadvantage at the college applications process (Jackson 290)."
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Affirmative Action in the Medical Community, 2002.
Looks at the continuing debate over affirmative action programs and, in particular, affirmative action programs in the medical community.
857 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper presents arguments on the advantages and disadvantages of affirmative action programs. Specifically, it looks at the arguments presented in favor of and in opposition to affirmative action in medical schools. A landmark legal case about affirmative action is reviewed, and the utilitarian view of affirmative action is stated. The paper concludes by asserting that, ultimately, affirmative action programs do more harm than good.
From the Paper
"COMMUNITY
America has a long history of racial segregation and gender discrimination and unfortunately most actions to resolve these ugly issues have resulted in a failure. The opponents of affirmative action programs maintain that this law is also one of those failed attempts. Affirmative action was developed to remove racial and gender discrimination problems by making merit the only criterion for selection thus promoting equal opportunities among qualified women, colored and disabled people. But it has been noticed that despite its good intentions, the law has failed to produce positive results because it is ironic that while the law aimed at removal of racial discrimination, it has resulted in a new kind of racial segregation, which can be called ?reverse racism?"
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Affirmative Action in Schools, 2004.
A comparison of goal-based affirmative action and process-based affirmative action within the education system.
2,071 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper distinguishes between two forms of affirmative action policies, the goal-based affirmative action and process-based affirmative action. In goal-based affirmative action, the emphasis is placed on giving minority racial status special consideration even before a qualified pool of candidates is established. This form of affirmative action was evident in the controversial admissions policies at the University of Michigan Law School, where African-American and Hispanic applicants were given 20 extra points solely based on their ethnicity.
From the Paper
"Other opponents of affirmative action in universities argue that by fostering an atmosphere of race-based promotion, these policies also serve to minimize the individual gains that many African Americans, women and other minorities achieve on their own merit. Instead, their achievements are tainted by a stigma. In one example, a young black woman made the University of Virginia's Law Review just as the university's affirmative action went into effect. The change from the previous, merit-based system significantly reduced the value of the young woman's Law Review achievement (Conti and Stetson 44-45)."
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Affirmative Action & Small Businesses, 1993.
Negative effects of laws on equal employment opportunity. Reasons for affirmative action is discussed as well as its economic efficiency, competition and resource allocation.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 12 sources, $ 71.95
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From the Paper
" THE EFFECTS OF AFFIRMATION ACTION LAWS
ON SMALL BUSINESS FIRMS
This research examines the effects on small business organizations of affirmative action laws. Affirmative action legislation in the United States at both the federal and state levels of government establish guidelines for the development and implementation of social policy with respect to equal employment opportunities and with respect to the rectification of past acts of employment discrimination against selected population groups.. The importance of small business activity to the American can hardly be exaggerated. Defining a small business as one with either fewer than 100 employees, or less than one-million dollars in annual receipts, somewhat more than two-thirds (67.9 percent).."
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Affirmative Action, 2007.
A discussion on affirmative action in the 21st century as a tool for racial justice.
1,853 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the extent to which American society may require affirmative action policies in various fields, including education and the workforce, to achieve racial justice and end inequality. The writer proposes that society has not yet achieved a color blind, or gender neutral, society. The writer argues that, with respect to access to equal opportunity, while many organizations promote equal opportunity and fair employment, there is still ample evidence suggesting that women and minorities are not afforded equal opportunities, particularly in the American corporate world.
Outline:
Introduction
Evidence Against Equality and the Need for Affirmative Action
White Skin Privileges
Affirmative Action to Promote Equality
Conclusions
References
From the Paper
"Early in his work the author argues that whites have experienced a "power deflation" as blacks and other minorities have attempted to claim social status and equality in corporate society (p. 12). The integrity of black interests is therefore "compromised" as more and more the focus is on restoring white supremacy and power (Walter, p. 249). Walter's argues that to focus the effort against white conservatism measures are necessary that will promote greater equality, including incorporation of affirmative action programs to help facilitate greater true equality and legitimize the needs of the black community. Elimination of affirmative action programs according to Walters would perhaps put this country at risk for never changing from how it is now, unequal and conservative in nature (Walters, 2003)."
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Affirmative Action, 2002.
Discusses the pros and cons of affirmative action.
1,342 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
Affirmative action has increasingly become a popular subject of debate. Not only does the phrase "affirmative action? mean different things to different people, but also there are different arguments for and against it. While many people tout the benefits of affirmative action programs, they have acted as a stumbling block for minorities and have essentially created a starker disparity in the struggle for equal opportunity between white people and other minority groups. This paper looks at the pros and cons of affirmative action. It also discusses affirmative action as reverse discrimination, as well as the future of this system.
From the Paper
"Affirmative action was created to ensure fair hiring policies for all American citizens, in an attempt to ensure all individuals must be treated equally in the hiring and admissions process. Some of these programs have been effective and have an impact on hiring processes because they maintain that each individual is to be evaluated as an individual on her or his merits and not be discriminated because of their gender, racial or ethnic characteristics.
However, it is important to realize that, in many businesses and schools, affirmative action has established a quota system that rejects or accepts students based solely on race. This makes the original purpose of affirmative action obsolete, as it often causes reverse discrimination. In an attempt to solve racial and sexual discrimination, it is necessary to work harder to eliminate the sources of these problems ? racism and sexism."
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A Historical Perspective of Affirmative Action, 2004.
Discusses affirmative action from a historical, economic, and social perspective.
4,816 words (approx. 19.3 pages), 18 sources, APA, $ 123.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an extensive study of affirmative action programs. It begins with a definition and explanation of the objectives of affirmative action policies and then goes on to look at the many societal areas the policies impact. The paper also looks at the primary focus of affirmative action policies, some of the arguments supporting and opposing affirmative action, and rulings on affirmative action programs that will affect their implementation in the future.
A Historical Perspective of Affirmative Action
Worldview
Roles in Affirmative Action
Education
Ethnic View
An Economic Perspective
A Sociological Perspective
From the Paper
"The American government justifies affirmative-action programs as ?the principal of compensatory justice (Giraldo, p. 45)?. Basically, this means that just compensation must be awarded to an injured party if an injustice has occurred. Affirmative action requires employees to hire members of groups that were wronged in the past in an effort to undo or compensate for historical injustices."
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