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Abuse by Caregivers, 2002.
A thorough study and research about the phenomenon of abuse of the elderly by family caregivers and the factors implicated in the development and perpetuation of such abuse.
8,745 words (approx. 35.0 pages), 29 sources, MLA, $ 183.95
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Abstract
This research investigates the problem of elder abuse. The research focuses on the identification of the factors underlying the problem.
In the study, both the frequency and the severity of physical and emotional abuse are found to be related positively with the level of stress perceived by caregivers, the cognitive status of the elderly person, the physical status of the elderly person, and the substance abuse status of caregivers. Both the frequency and the severity of financial abuse are also found to be related positively with the level of financial stress characterizing the caregiver-elderly person relationship.
The findings of this study that caregiver stress and substance abuse by caregivers affect the frequency and severity of physical and emotional abuse, and that financial stress affects the frequency and severity of financial abuse are consistent with current theory. The findings that the frequency and severity of elder abuse are related to both the cognitive and physical status of the elderly person for whom care is provided, however, are consistent with some current theory but also are contrary to some current theory. The study concludes that further research is recommended to explore in greater depth the relationship between elder abuse and the physical and mental status of the elderly person for who care is provided in a family environment. Further research also is recommended with respect to developing improved schemes for providing financial assistance for such caring arrangements.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Research Questions
Purpose of the Study
Significance of the Study
Definitions of Terms
Overview of the Remainder of the Study
Review of the Literature
Cognitive Abilities and Development
Stress
Related Research
Conclusions Relative to the Study Problem
Method
Hypotheses
Variables and Operational Definitions
Population and Sample
Instrumentation
Data Analysis
Summary
Results
Results Testing Hypothesis 1
Results Testing Hypothesis 2
Results Testing Hypothesis 3
Results Testing Hypothesis 4
Results Testing Hypothesis 5
Results Testing Hypothesis 6
Results Testing Hypothesis 7
Results Testing Hypothesis 8
Results Testing Hypothesis 9
Results Testing Hypothesis 10
Discussion
Summary of the Results
Discussion and Implications for Current Theory
Recommendations for Further Research
Implications for Professional Practice
References
From the Paper
"The increasing awareness that some elderly persons are physically abused and neglected by family members has been accompanied by a widespread assumption about elder abuse: that it is inflicted by well meaning individuals, often the adult children of victims, who are pushed over the edge by the stress of caring for a frail, dependent old person. According to Pillemer & Finkelhor (1989), the falsity of that assumption was revealed by findings that relatively well-functioning elderly people were found to usually be the victims of abuse, which is often inflicted by emotionally disturbed or violent family members. A typical abuser was found to be a person who depends on the victim for money, transportation, housing and household repairs. Elderly victims were no more disabled or dependent on their abusers than were comparison subjects on their relatives. Abusers, however, were much more likely than relatives in the comparison group to have been arrested, hospitalized for a psychiatric disorder, involved in violent behavior outside the family, or limited by a physical problem (Pillemer & Finkelhor, 1989). The generalizations of these findings have been challenged by more recent studies (Saad, Hartman, Kurian, Graham, Wilcock, & Ballard, 1995).
Some states have passed laws for mandatory reporting of elder abuse, which means that doctors and social workers must report suspected abuse (Arbetter, 1995). Communities are encouraging neighbors to keep an eye on seniors. Some communities are considering the establishment of shelters similar to those organized for battered women. Some communities also are expanding senior day care services and support services for caregivers (Arbetter, 1995)."
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Caregiver Stress, 2004.
An analysis of the emerging problem of abuse of the elderly and caregiver stress.
4,604 words (approx. 18.4 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 119.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses abuse in general, with a focus on abuse of the elderly. The paper examines the relation between the stress levels of the caregivers and the abuse of the patients. The paper defines elder abuse and presents a profile of the elder abuse victim. Factors contributing to abuse are explored and the relevant statistics are provided.
Outline
Introduction
Emergence and Social Construction of Family Violence
Domestic Violence
Child Abuse
Animal Abuse
Elder Abuse
Statistics Regarding Elder Abuse
Laws and Legislation
Elder Caregiver Stress
The Future: Prevention or Eradication of Elder Abuse
From the Paper
"While many believe domestic abuse to be a relatively new problem, in fact, it was widely recognized as a problem in U.S. society as early as the beginnings of the temperance movement that began in about 1880. Indeed, it is arguable that the issue of familial stress was also a factor in that early recognition, as well as that recognition preceded the temperance movement's rise. The Woman's Christian Temperance Union was the foremost proponent of morality in many arenas during that time, and often presented its agenda concerning morality, temperance and aesthetics in drama. "The Little Captain," a temperance melodrama, was one such that "focused most exclusively on the social and familial effects of alcohol by explicitly detailing family violence. WCTU editors expected its unrelentingly miserable content to be so unappealing to youth that it could act only as a deterrent. The 'fallen' character in the melodrama, James Grey, was a father of four young children who was ruined by alcohol and destroyed his family in the process" (Parker, 1999)."
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Abuse and the Elderly, 2002.
A study of the abuse of the elderly by family caregiver with an emphasis on the factors implicated in the development and perpetuation of such abuse.
8,400 words (approx. 33.6 pages), 40 sources, MLA, $ 178.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the increasing awareness that some elderly persons are physically abused and neglected by family members and how this has been accompanied by a widespread assumption about elder abuse. Elder abuse is inflicted by well meaning individuals, often the adult children of victims, who are pushed over the edge by the stress of caring for a frail, dependent old person. It presents a research study to gain insights into factors implicated in the development of such abuse, to identify those causal factors that may be amenable to intervention and recommend policies and programs, where applicable, to reduce the incidence of such abuse.
Outline
Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Research Questions
Purpose of the Study
Significance of the Study
Definitions of Terms
Overview of the Remainder of the Study
Review of the Literature
Theoretical Framework
Cognitive Abilities and Development Stress
Related Research
Conclusions Relative to the Study Problem
Method
Hypotheses
Variables and Operational Definitions
Population and Sample
Instrumentation
Data Analysis
Summary
Results
Results Testing Hypothesis 1
Results Testing Hypothesis 2
Results Testing Hypothesis 3
Results Testing Hypothesis 4
Results Testing Hypothesis 5
Results Testing Hypothesis 6
Results Testing Hypothesis 7
Results Testing Hypothesis 8
Results Testing Hypothesis 9
Results Testing Hypothesis 10
Discussion
Summary of the Results
Discussion and Implications for Current Theory
Recommendations for Further Research
Implications for Professional Practice
From the Paper
"A substantial proportion of the elderly population requires constant and continual care services that they are unable to provide for themselves (Wolf, 1992). Care alternatives for these people range from institutional settings to community-based care facilities to home care. Research has frequently found home care to be superior to care delivered in institutional and even community-based environments. Further, research has found that home care for most persons requiring long-term care is more cost-effective than either institutionalization or community-based care (O?Connor, 1992)."
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Nursing Home Abuse, 2004.
This paper discusses elder abuse in nursing homes. Elderly abuse refers to any knowing, intentional, or negligent act by a caregiver or any other person that causes harm or a serious risk of harm to a vulnerable adult.
1,485 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper reports that 30 percent of nursing home facilities are cited for instances of abuse, and the majority of all instances are never even reported. The author points out that, to prevent this abuse in nursing homes, communities must enhance facility security, improve background checks of staff, establish systems to monitor rates, places, and times of death, and expand death investigations and autopsies. The paper states that many states have long-term care ombudsmen, who have the primary responsibility of advocating for residents' rights and quality care, educating consumers and providers, resolving residents' complaints, and providing information to the public about abuse, but much more must be done.
From the Paper
"Laws are also changing to support the patients and their families. In Florida, for example, the Supreme Court drew a clear distinction between medical and nursing home care by ruling that plaintiffs in cases alleging nursing home abuse and neglect can sue for wrongful death and negligence without meeting the state's requirements for filing a medical malpractice claim. The court noted that nursing homes employ a variety of workers and that the failures the plaintiff alleged "may have been caused by the nursing staff, by the nursing home in not having adequate staff, by the negligence of aides or other workers, or by a combination of the above.""
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Elder Abuse, 2007.
An overview of the causes and types of elder abuse in nursing homes.
1,916 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 61.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how abuse of the elderly can take many forms; including physical or sexual abuse, psychological and emotional abuse as well as financial abuse and abandonment. In particular, it looks at how studies have often found that abuse is inflicted by the caregiver and the nursing home or institution in which the elderly person resides.
Outline:
Introduction and Overview
Causes and Forms of Elder Abuse
Conclusion: Possible Solutions
From the Paper
"Alarming reports of this nature have been substantiated by many authoritative and professional studies. For example, the seriousness with which elder abuse in nursing home is taken is illustrated by the following facts from the Office of the Attorney General, with regard to the evidence of elder abuse in nursing homes in California. "In 1998, the United States General Accounting Office reported that one in three California nursing homes was cited for serious or potentially life-threatening care problems" (Elder Abuse In Nursing Homes). Furthermore, there is increasing evidence that many nursing homes are not complying with essential legal requirements for the protection of the elderly."
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Dementia, Depression and Substance Abuse, 2005.
Explores the difficulties of treating and caring for someone suffering from dementia combined with alcohol or substance abuse.
2,231 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 30 sources, APA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
Dementia, allied with depression and alcohol or substance abuse, increases challenges for the elderly and their caregivers. Wernicke's disease and Korsakoff's syndrome are the most recognized types of alcohol-dementia. The paper shows that symptoms of alcohol or substance abuse can be disguised as depression, dementia or other problems associated with aging. Dementia is a condition that does not have a cure; however, depression and alcohol or substance abuse are treatable and may reverse some types of dementia. The paper shows that the best approach to treatment is a combination of therapies, which may provide help and support to the caregiver as well as manage symptoms. Disease case management along with effective outpatient treatment approaches may postpone or reduce nursing home placement.
Paper Outline:
Abstract
Dementia Allied with Depression and Alcohol or Substance Abuse
Dementia
Depression
Dementia and Depression
Substance Abuse
Alcohol-Related Dementia
Treatment
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"Depression coexisting with dementia has often been overlooked because of the emphasis on distinguishing the two conditions; however, it should be recognized that depression is a shared concomitant of dementia (Woods, 2001, p. S10). Depression may be a predictor of some forms of dementia and is considered a major health risk in the elderly (Tierney, Boyle, Lam, & Szalai, 1999, p. 1). Studies show that depression is the most common psychiatric disease in individuals 65 years and older, commonly occurring in more than 30% of the frail and disabled elderly (Polidori, Menculini, Senin, & Mecocci, 2001, p. 533)."
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Elderly Substance Abuse, 2007.
This paper examines the issue of substance abuse in the elderly.
2,065 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at the extent and symptoms of alcohol abuse among the elderly as well as the incidences and symptoms of drug abuse. The paper then evaluates different therapy programs and treatment options for elderly substance abusers. The paper explains that this abuse among the elderly is caused by a variety of reasons, ranging from physical symptoms to neglect. Because of this, the paper maintains it is important for family members and caregivers to act upon the early symptoms of alcohol and drug abuse.
Outline:
Alcoholism
Substance Abuse Issues
Treatment Options
From the Paper
"Stereotypes of elderly people include the crotchety grandfather, the kindly grandmother or a gentle older person who tells stories of years gone by. The elderly are associated with concepts such as infirmity, illness and wisdom. Furthermore, as baby boomers retire, the "post-60" years are being seen as times of continued activity and productivity. More advances are therefore being made to address the diseases that previously plagued those in the post-retirement years."
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Physical Child Abuse, 2004.
A comprehensive analysis of physical child abuse today.
946 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper explores risk factors of physical child abuse. It questions who abusers are and reasons why it occurs. It then analyzes what society is doing about abuse and what the risk factors of non-related caregivers abusing a child are. This paper uses two different studies on the problem.
From the Paper
"Child abuse is a broad term encompassing many acts against a child in a harmful manner. Physical abuse is a narrower term, but still vastly defined. The National Clearinghouse on Child Abuse and Neglect defines physical abuse as "physical injury .... As a result of punching, beating, kicking, biting, shaking, throwing, stabbing, choking, hitting, burning, or otherwise harming a child.""
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Elder Abuse, 2008.
This paper discusses the issue of abuse of the elderly population and presents an action plan for increasing awareness of the problem.
750 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that elder abuse is observed at all social, economic and educational levels. The writer discusses that the problem is not only widespread, but is also increasing because of a rapidly aging population. The writer points out that elder abuse occurs in homes for the aged, nursing homes, in extended care facilities, and especially in the community where family members care for aging relatives. The writer maintains that as the government has moved health care more into the community, caregivers who are very often older women are expected to work under the worst possible conditions. The writer notes that elder abuse is a hidden crime and the victims are the most vulnerable people in society.
Outline:
Introduction
Literature Review
Target Group
Implementation
From the Paper
"Research indicates that as many as ten percent of elderly people are abused. Situations of elder abuse do not always have risk factors but, thus far, five risk factors for abuse have been identified. Older people with dementia are more likely to be abused than any other elders because their behavior causes caregiver stress. Social isolation of victims and caregivers increases stress and removes social controls to prevent abuse. Mental illness in the caregiver, especially in combination with substance abuse, is a significant risk factor. Depression in the caregiver, especially if combined with alcohol abuse, is another important risk factor. Dependency is the other significant risk factor. The abuser can be very dependent on the victim for their substantial financial resources."
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Substance Abuse in Workers, 2002.
A proposal for an effective strategy to deal with substance abuse among workers in the work-place.
2,956 words (approx. 11.8 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 87.95
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Abstract
The issue addressed in this proposal is the development of an effective mechanism for responding to the problems created by workers with substance abuse problems. The report identifies the problem, defines its policy perspectives, offers alternate policy solutions, provides an analytic framework for evaluating those alternatives and concludes with a discussion of the selected policy, its implementation and its evaluation. The selected policy consists of creating integrated Employee Assistance Programs and Health Maintenance Organization structures that would ultimately remove the burden of responding to the needs of the substance abusing worker from the corporation and place that burden on the shoulders of medical caregivers.
From the Paper
"Under the Drug Free Workplace Act of 1988 (Public Law 100-690, 41 U.S. Code Section 701 and 48CFR Part 223), employers with government contracts or grants over $25,000 must develop and publish a company policy prohibiting use, distribution, or possession of illegal drugs. The Act does not apply to the use of alcohol (Bryan, 1998). Discipline or rehabilitation is required following violation of the policy. All employees must be informed of the Act and company policy, must participate in a drug-free awareness program, and acknowledge that compliance is a condition of employment. Employers must report any employee workplace drug use conviction to the government and a contractor who violates the Act may be prohibited from receiving government contracts for up to five years (Bryan, 1998)."
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Elder Abuse, 2003.
This paper discusses problem of elder abuse in the United States.
1,840 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper defines forms of abuse and mistreatment by relatives, healthcare workers and nursing home caregivers. The author explores the ethical issues involved. The paper includes causes and suggests interventions.
From the Paper
"In the United States, the later years of a person's life have been called the golden years. Instead, a growing number of the elderly are abused each year. Gray-Vickrey reports that neglect occurs in a substantiated percent of elder abuse cases including emotional abuse."
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Abuse of the Frail Elderly in Care Environments, 2004.
Develops a proposal for the investigation of the functionally impaired elderly in institutional caregiving environments.
1,840 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 16 sources, APA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper develops a preliminary research proposal for the investigation of the functionally impaired elderly in institutional caregiving environments. The introduction provides basic information from studies on abuse of the frail elderly by their caregivers at home and in institutional care homes.
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Gender Roles for Caregivers of the Elderly, 2004.
Reviews some of the literature available on caregiving and the impact gender has in caregiving.
1,360 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a review of the literature available concerning the relationship between caregivers and the recipients of their care. Particular emphasis is placed on literature that looks at the impact that gender has on the role of the caregiver.
From the Paper
"The question of what impact gender has in caregiving and/or the distribution of caregiving tasks among family members when caring for aging parents is a significant one, given the aging of the population and what has been reported as a breakdown in family structure. By far the literature provides information concerning care by the spouse. There is an overwhelming need for studies centered on family members and roles involved in caregiving activities for parents."
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Abuse of Elderly Patients, 1991.
This paper is a research proposal to determine if educational variables affect caregivers' treatment of elderly.
3,150 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 22 sources, $ 111.95
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From the Paper
"There are indications that demographic factors distinguish between groups providing care to elderly patient populations. ... observed that successful Nursing Home caregivers (nursing home aides) significantly differed from unsuccessful Nursing Home caregivers on the demographic factors of age, whether aides had training in health care (yes or no) and years of experience working with the elderly. The finding that amount of training and length of experience with the elderly contributed to a greater degree of success in work with the elderly, supports the notion that education is a pivotal component of caring for the elderly; a ... "
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Parents, Caregivers, and Children, 2003.
A discussion of the importance of the parental and caregiver role during child development.
1,513 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how parents and caregivers play a vital role in helping children learn and how it is important for parents and teachers to support children?s learning and development, enhance learning through play, and help a child develop confidence and self-worth. It looks at how education innovators, such as Jean Piaget, Robert Owen, Jan Amos Komensky, and Jean Jacques Rousseau, have all had a great impact on education today and discusses how these innovators have impacted the author's belief about how parents and caregivers play a vital role in a child?s learning.
From the Paper
"Play is one of the main ways in which children learn. Because play is fun, children often become absorbed in what they are doing. It is important for a parent and a caregiver to provide appropriate materials for children to explore. Also, it is important for the parent and caregiver to give the child freedom in what they are exploring, and to facilitate the child. As Piaget stated, ?Discovery learning and supporting the developing interests of the child are two primary instructional techniques. It is recommended that parents and teachers challenge the child?s abilities, but NOT present material or information that is too far beyond the child?s level.? (http://ship.edu/-cgboeree/piaget.html) The materials provided must be developmentally appropriate for the children. Also, they should meet the children?s interests."
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