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Anti-Abortion Arguments, 1990.
This paper presents anti-abortion arguments: Rights of fetus, responsibilities of mother, birth control, religious theories, social impact, legal considerations and historical comparisons.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 6 sources, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
"Every January 22 since the 1973 Supreme Court decision to legalize abortion, opponents of the decision gather in Washington, D.C. to protest what they consider to be a fundamental legal mistake. Thus far, these protectors and their March for Life have failed to achieve the overturning of the famous Roe versus wade decision.
As a matter of course, the 1973 ruling created a national policy on abortion by removing any previous state laws that were varying in their degree of restrictiveness. However, Roe versus Wade may have somewhat decriminalized the practice of abortion in some instances, but it had little impact on either the ethical or moral constraints such actions bring about. In the same light, new medical evidence has been given that has ... "
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Abortion Arguments, 2002.
Presenting arguments for and against abortion - citing medical, moral and religious reasons.
1,687 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the arguments of both sides of the abortion debate. It evaluates the ethical issues underlying the anti-abortion crusade, with particular emphasis on the rights of the fetus. The paper then looks at the pro-abortion movement, focusing on the constitutional underpinnings of reproductive rights. In the conclusion, the paper argues against criminalizing abortion once again, because making abortion a crime will not stop abortions from occurring. Instead, making abortion illegal will only serve to hurt women?s reproductive rights without adequately addressing the central concerns of the pro-life movement.
From the Paper
"In 1973, through the landmark case of Roe vs. Wade, the Supreme Court made first trimester abortions legal in the United States. The decision struck down a host of state anti-abortion statutes and was hailed as a landmark of women?s reproductive rights. It also gave birth to a vocal umbrella movement of anti-abortion groups which continue to challenge Roe vs. Wade both on moral and legal grounds.
Almost three decades later, the issue of abortion remains the greatest moral flashpoint facing America today. More than any other moral issue, the question of abortion has divided communities, determined the outcome of many elections and incited quiet citizens to become activists."
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Anti-Abortion Argument, 2006.
Presents arguments against abortion.
762 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper presents the argument that abortion is wrong. The paper explores the development of the fetus as well as the moral issue surrounding the topic.
Outline:
Introduction
Pro-Life
Pro-Choice
Rebuttal
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Life is something that should be valued. The beat of a heart, the curl of a toe and evidence of a brain are all indicators that a human being exists. Putting aside the religious issues the moral and legal issues dictate that pro-life is the only possible choice. "
"When babies can be saved that way one pound, how can medical science say that a fetus is not a person? If a person is allowed to get an abortion up to four months into the pregnancy and a baby being born at four months is now sometimes a viable life, how can one draw any other conclusion except that abortion is indeed murder? "
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Arguments Against Abortion, 2003.
This paper argues that abortion is morally wrong.
1,840 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that abortion is morally wrong mainly because a fetus has as much right to life as any human being. The ethical and political positions that lie between pro-choice and pro-life arguments.
From the Paper
"The subject of abortion may well be the most intense and polarizing ethical and philosophical issue of the our times because in Laurence Tribe's words it is a clash of absolutes..."
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The Issue of Abortion and Abortion Law, 2001.
This paper examines the issues of abortion and abortion law
6,015 words (approx. 24.1 pages), 20 sources, $ 142.95
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Abstract
This paper examines various aspects of abortion and abortion law such as social and ethical concerns as well as the law, and more specifically concerned to that of women's rights.
From the paper:
"While medical science is making abortion much safer for the woman, the debates and the legal battles continue unabated. In the United States, the battles rage in the courts, the Congress and state legislatures. There have even been violent confrontations in the clinics where abortions are performed. There are people in favor of giving the woman the right to abort, and people who are not prepared to allow abortion except when it puts the life of the mother in danger. In between these two extreme positions, we have people taking intermediate positions."
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Abortion, 2006.
Discusses the highly controversial topic of abortion, looking at arguments on both sides of the debate as well as how it relates to studies of sexuality and women's health issues.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 10 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews literature on abortion and its relation to studies of sexuality, and health issues. The paper discusses the view held by some that abortion is antithetical to the long-term health of the mother, while other believe that preventing abortion can be a health issue for some women. The paper points out that abortion is an issue that is part of human sexuality, and a concern about abortion might prevent sexual activity for some, just as the possibility of an abortion might make some unnecessarily careless about birth control.
From the Paper
"Abortion is a highly contentious issue in America today and has been at least since the Roe v. Wade decision made abortion legal. The question remains as to whether or not abortion should be legal, and while this is certainly a medical issue, the argument over the question is more often a political one. On the extreme ends of the spectrum are those who believe abortion should be made illegal in all circumstances, usually as an assertion of moral principle and supposedly a recognition of the importance of life; and those who believe abortion is entirely a matter of personal choice on the part of the mother and should be legal whenever requested. A number of intermediate positions can also be cited, from allowing abortion only for victims of rape and incest to restricting abortion under certain circumstances."
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The Abortion Debate, 2004.
Presents arguments for and five arguments against abortion.
1,680 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper begins with a discussion of the way abortion has been regarded throughout different periods and governments in history. It then goes on to look at the legal and ethical questions surrounding the issue of abortion and to examine some of the arguments presented both in favor of and in opposition to the legalization of abortion. The paper concludes with the author of the paper taking a position that favors legalized abortion.
From the Paper
"What will the world say? That the Americans cannot articulate, legislatively, that human life is expensive, that an infant's life is possibly the most valuable of all other lives, as well as that the American people want to make sure that women are positioned in an ?ethical? atmosphere in which judgments on the subject of life and death are taken sincerely and dealt with as matters of ethical seriousness. A lot of women, maybe most, by now treat this matter as an ethically serious subject, however, many do not, it is for them a structure of birth control, and even those who do might not, forever, evidently see, and therefore fully sense, what is at risk. Let them and others see it and then act accordingly to help womanhood."
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A Rational Consideration of the Permissibility of Abortion, 2008.
A discussion of the permissibility of abortion based on a comparative analysis of Dan Marquis' essay "An Argument that Abortion is Wrong" and Judith Thomson's essay "A Defense of Abortion".
2,100 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes two essays from Julian Cole's "Readings on the Ethics of Abortion" regarding the controversy over the permissibility of abortion. The first is Dan Marquis' "An Argument that Abortion is Wrong",
which attempts to make a unique argument against abortion which removes the prickly, and in many ways impossible to settle, contrast between those who view it as morally wrong and those who believe that it is a right protected by natural law. The second is Judith Thomson's "A Defense of Abortion", which, according to the paper, helps to discern the flaws in Marquis' approach while providing a justification for proliferation of abortion rights. Contrary to Marquis, Thomson attacks head-on the fundamental question at the heart of the debate, which is the definition of life. In both articles, there is a shared attempt to remove the difficult and prejudicial moral elements of the abortion controversy. To conclude, the paper maintains that, in more cases than not, a responsible societal administration of abortion rights must be seen as a permissible exercise of human rights.
From the Paper
"In his article, "An Argument that Abortion is Wrong," Dan Marquis crafts a case which he claims has no basis in religion. (Cole, 6) It is upon this claim that he attempts to make a unique argument against abortion which removes the prickly, and in many ways impossible to settle, contrast between those who view it as morally wrong and those who believe that it is a right protected by natural law. The reason for his claimed withdrawal from the traditionally religious notion of abortion as being a violation of the universal right to life is its inherently divisive nature. Here, we find that the pro-life advocate is seeking to enter the argument without falling prey to its usually impenetrable morass of subjective ideas."
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Abortion, 2005.
Presents arguments in favor of the right to abortion.
2,350 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the individual arguments put forth by those opposed to abortion and counters each of these arguments by pointing out the lack of rationale in the moral arguments of the anti-abortionists, as well as the erroneous nature of their constitutional arguments.
From the Paper
"The debate over abortion has continued since the Roe v. Wade Supreme Court decision of 30 years ago that made abortion legal in the U.S. Each side, pro-life and pro-choice, believes it has the definitive argument regarding the issue. Whether one side or the other has the moral high ground, however, one thing is certain; women had been having abortions for centuries before Roe v. Wade. Before Roe v. Wade, the human toll was immense: "It is estimated that before 1973, 1.2 million women resorted to illegal abortion yearly and that botched illegal abortions caused as many as 5,000 deaths a year" according to National Abortion Rights Action League statistics (Quoted by Feminist.org Web site)."
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The Ethics of Abortion, 2007.
A comparison of the arguments of Judith Thomson in "A Defense of Abortion," with those of Don Marquis in "Why Abortion is Immoral".
1,340 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper compares and contrasts the respective arguments of Judith Thomson in "A Defense of Abortion," with those of Don Marquis in "Why Abortion is Immoral." The paper argues that while the two approaches to the question of abortion are distinct in their fundamental assumptions, in general both arguments are based on the same methodological premise that the complex ethical issues surrounding abortion can be understood through what may be termed a "property-rights" approach. The paper concludes that Marquis' argument is marginally stronger than Thomson's in this regard.
From the Paper
"Thomson's analogy that for a mother to be compelled to carry a person she does not want for nine months - with the possibility of years of support following - is analogous to someone using one's property without permission is clearly very strong. It suggests that the self-defense argument is particularly strong, to the point of being almost unchallengeable. After all, if we defend the right of a person to defend his own life to the point of killing another if necessary, then why cannot the same rule apply to a mother. More broadly, why should a mother be forced to allow another person use of their property should they not wish this? In contrast, Marquis seems to emphasize the value of the property in this analysis. For the mother to terminate a fetus would be, in effect, the elimination of decades of life-value for the unborn fetus."
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The Right to Choose Abortion, 2004.
Presents legal, scientific, and moral arguments countering the arguments made by those who oppose a woman's right to abortion.
2,726 words (approx. 10.9 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 81.95
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Abstract
After examining the background and history of abortion in America, this paper takes a look at the arguments that opponents of abortion make in justifying their position. The paper then presents counter arguments to those arguments, based on scientific, legal, and moral analyses of the issue.
From the Paper
"Abortion, or the elective termination of pregnancy likely predates recorded human history, being practiced within virtually every society throughout the world.(6) In 1973, the United States Supreme Court very specifically decided that the United States Constitution affords a fundamental right to individual privacy that absolutely prohibits governmental interference with a women?s autonomous right to seek
medical termination of unwanted pregnancy, except where deemed necessary to safeguard the woman?s health paternalistically.(4) Ever since the legal issue was decided by the Supreme Court in 1973, a so-called pro life lobby, spearheaded by religious opposition to any type of abortion has campaigned for and funded the proposition of legislation and policies designed to undermine the rights recognized and established under constitutional law in the United States."
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Abortion and Ethics, 2007.
This paper discusses both sides of the abortion debate.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the underlying ethical arguments of both sides of the abortion debate, using Ronald Dworkin's "sanctity of life" principles. In this article, the writer includes all forms of abortion, from early fetal abortion through the RU46 drug to late-term abortions, from abortions out of "convenience" to abortions in cases of rape and incest. The essay evaluates how the anti-abortion crusade has framed its campaign on the personhood and the rights of the unborn fetus. The second part looks at the pro-abortion movement, which has framed its issue as a campaign for women's rights to privacy and reproductive freedom. The writer concludes that both pro- and anti-abortion factions have a common interest in seeing a society with no abortion, where the stigma and economic concerns attached to unwanted pregnancies no longer apply.
Outline:
Abortion and Ethics
Anti-Abortion Arguments
Pro-Abortion Arguments
Works Cited
From the Paper
"All these scientific arguments about fetal heart rates and brainwaves serve to tie abortion to a greater and more clear-cut moral issue - murder. At issue is what Ronald Dworkin terms people's belief in "the sanctity of life," a multidimensional value measured in several factors. First, life itself has an instrumental value, because everyone's life can contribute to the interests and well being of society as a whole. Second, life has a personal value, a good or personal worth to the living individual. Finally, beyond the instrumental and personal, life also has an intrinsic value. This intrinsic value exists independently of other people's valuation, regardless of the beliefs of its possessor or other observers."
"By proving that a fetus has a heartbeat, distinct DNA and brainwaves, through graphic films showing how a fetus reacts to shock and pain, the anti-abortion camp is focusing on what Dworkin identifies as the intrinsic value of life."
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The Abortion Debate in American Society, 2001.
This paper explores the arguments for and against abortion in America.
3,930 words (approx. 15.7 pages), 11 sources, $ 107.95
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Abstract
This paper takes the position of an individual's right to choose in regard to the issue of Abortion. It examines the roles of religion, science, and women's rights in the arguments of the Pro-Life and Pro-Choice movements. It discusses the desire for a consensus to be reached between the two camps, and draws a conclusion for abortion to be a basic legal and moral right.
From the paper:
"Abortion is one of the most divisive issues currently facing the American public. Unfortunately, it is also an issue in which the opposing sides seem to be continually unable to have calm and rational discussion. All too often these debates take place bracketed on the one side by the pro-lifers? insistence that all of abortion is murder, and on the other by the pro-choice fear that pregnancy reduces women to a state of slavery. The public seems to be buying both the pro-life and pro-choice arguments, which would indicate that perhaps they have more in common than might be thought at first glance. It seems possible that while abortion may in some cases be equivalent to killing a true human being, there is still not adequate cause to deny its availability, or its national funding."
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Abortion Controversy, 2002.
Examines pro and con arguments on abortion rights.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 8 sources, $ 55.95
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Abstract
Examines pro and con arguments on abortion rights. Historic United States Supreme Court decision Roe v. Wade, and impact of that ruling. Basis of the majority ruling. Rights of women. Issues surrounding the controversy. Pressures brought by anti-abortion groups. Legislation in reaction to controversy. Arguments of pro-life and pro-choice groups. Need of each group for political support. Morality questions.
From the Paper
"The Pros and Cons of Abortion: An Ongoing Controversy
The purpose of this report is to delineate the opposing argumen.ts centered on abortion rights, which Michael Novak (2001) views as responsible for the deaths of 40 million Americans who would have otherwise been born. This report will consider the source of abortion rights in the United States. It will also examine the disparate positions of those who support and those who oppose such rights.
Roe v. Wade (410 U.S. 113 1973) is one of the most historic decisions handed down by the United States Supreme Court. The Court was asked in 1973 to rule on the constitution.ality of a Texas law that made it a crime for a woman to obtain an abortion ..."
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Abortion, 2004.
Presents arguments against a woman's right to have an abortion.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper makes the case against abortion. It argues that abortion is wrong because it is wrong to kill a human being and regards a fetus as being alive from the moment of conception. This argument is backed up by essays by Don Marquis, Larry Bohannon, and the "Intellectual Viewpoint".
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