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Abbott Laboratories Pharmaceutical Co (1990), 1992.
A Abbot Laboratories case analysis including: company description; innovative strategies in the pharmaceutical industry; management; innovative capabilities and recommendations.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
"Abbott Laboratories
Abbott Laboratories of Chicago is one of America's major pharmaceutical companies, but it also has other products, including nutritionals and diagnostic equipment. In fact, more than half of the company's revenues come from these other products in markets where Abbott has the dominant share. Abbott also supplies such goods as intravenous fluids to hospitals and blood banks, along with pumps, screening tests, anesthetics, and critical care equipment. The company has shown innovative capabilities in terms of the development of new drugs for various purposes and has spent a good deal on research and development to create the next generation of such products. The key competition for this company includes other pharmaceutical giants such as Johnson & Johnson..."
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Abbott Laboratories and Baxter Corporation, 2004.
This discusses the Structure-Conduct-Performance (SCP) of two multinational pharmaceutical companies, Abbott Laboratories and Baxter Corporation, in three markets with radical different health care systems, the U.S., Canadian, and Brazilian markets.
16,625 words (approx. 66.5 pages), 66 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper evaluates a capitalistic market (the U.S.), a socialist/capitalistic market (Canada), and a developing market (Brazil), which can be broadly classified based on political, social, and cultural issues, to conceptually and practically understand the markets and the competition. The author points out that the generic pharmaceutical industry is flourishing in Canada; it accounts for approximately 15% of the sales of drugs in the country. The paper relates that, in Brazil, the major pharmaceutical industries are leveraging strongly on the government to change its laws and regulations in order to support better sales and distribution of the drug. Charts.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Background of the Study
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of the Study
Objectives of the Study
Limitations of Study
Definition of Terms
Literature Survey
Analysis of Factors Affecting the Pharmaceutical Company
Mergers, Acquisitions and Diversification in the Pharmaceutical Industry
History of Abbott Laboratories
The SWOT Analysis for Abbott Laboratories
Strengths of Abbott Laboratories
Weaknesses of Abbott Laboratories
Opportunity for Abbott Laboratories
Threats faced by Abbott Laboratories
History of Baxter Corporation
SWOT Analysis of Baxter Inc.
Strengths of Baxter
Weaknesses of Baxter
Opportunities Ahead for Baxter Inc.
Threats Facing Baxter
The U.S. Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Market
The Canadian Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Market
The Brazilian Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Market
Porter?s Five-Force Framework for Analyzing the Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Industry
Internal Rivalry in the Global and U.S. Pharmaceutical/Healthcare Industry
Barriers to Entry
Substitutes and Complements
Buyer Power in the Different Markets of the U.S., Canada and Brazil
Bargaining Power of Suppliers
Marketing Theories
The Structure-Conduct-Performance Model for the Pharmaceutical Industry
Strategy and Nature of the Company?s Business Level Strategy
External Factors Affecting the Pharmaceutical Industry
P.E.S.T.L.E. Analysis of the Pharmaceutical Industry in all Markets
Political Analysis
Economic Analysis
Social Analysis
Technology Analysis
Legal Environment
Environmental Analysis
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Social science, economic, corporate and business strategy, public and government policies all are considered to play a significant role in the success or failure of an organization at any location around the world. In the modern marketplace, no fixed or definitive strategy can be assumed to be most effective. What may be appropriate for one company in the same industry may not exactly work for another company. Contemporary management theories place great emphasis on these variables; consequently, marketing strategies also use many of these theories to understand and evaluate the market for the product and services of the organization."
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Strategic Audit: Abbott Laboratories, 2004.
This paper is an extensive examination of the performance of Abbott Laboratories.
3,375 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 119.95
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Abstract
This paper presents the background of the company. The author points out the internal and external environments of Abbott Laboratories. The paper relates its strategies,organizational structure and past performance and predicts future performance..
From the Paper
" A strategic audit was performed on Abbott Laboratories. Background information is presented on the company before the findings of the analyses are presented. The analyses included in the strategic audit of the company over the company's external environment, the company's internal environment, the strategies pursued by the company, the company'organizational structure and control systems, the company's past performance and predictions of the company's future performance. Abbott Laboratories began as a home-based business ..."
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Abbott Laboratories, 2002.
An examination of the history and financial situation of the firm known for its pharmaceuticals, hospital products and nutritional products.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 4 sources, $ 39.95
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Abstract
Examines history and financial situation of the firm known for its pharmaceuticals, hospital products and nutrational products. Founding of firm. Aggressive marketing techniques. Growth of company by acquisition. Services, products, competitors. Financial analysis: income statement. Balance sheet. Ratio Analysis. Financial situation and profits. Future outlook, including restructuring. Foreign revenues.
From the Paper
"History of Firm
Abbott Laboratories, based in Abbott Park, Illinois-based company is best-known for its range of nutritional products including Similac (infant formula) and Ensure. However, the lion?s share of corporate sales come from the sales of pharmaceuticals and hospital products. The company ranks 144th in the Fortune 500 and is in the S&P 500. The firm was founded in 1888 by Dr. Wallace Abbott, who began marketing and making his patented ?dosimetric granule? (a formulation that allowed for uniform measurements of drugs).
In the early days, the American Medical Association thought of him as a charlatan because of his aggressive marketing techniques, although many physicians and pharmacists used his granules, since they allowed for standardization. With World War I, the Abbott team of..."
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The Pharmaceutical Industry, 2004.
This paper is a research proposal to investigate the impact of Structure-Conduct-Performance (SCP) of two multi-national pharmaceutical companies, Abbott Laboratories and Baxter Corporation, in their U.S., Canadian, and Brazilian markets.
2,365 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper delineates the objectives of the study: (1) To determine the impact of the environment in which the organization operates by using the PESTLE and SWOT (Strengths-Weaknesses-Opportunity-Threats) analysis methods;, (2) to present a brief history of the companies and to evaluate the products manufactured and sold; (3) to understand the health care market, the impact of laws and regulations and the role of national and local governments; (4) to perform a Michael Porter?s five-force analysis; and (5) to investigate the role of SCP. The author relates that this thesis will be based on a literature review and secondary data collection. The paper stresses that this study will provide useful information to policy and decision makers in the industry.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Proposed Methodology
Reflections and Potential Obstacles
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Competition is very intense in the modern day organization. Companies are increasingly striving to differentiate their products and services in the market in order to gain higher profits and a greater market share. Portfolio management, product life cycle management, decision analysis and risk analysis are becoming some of the strategies that have to be used by managers and executives all over the world. For-profit organizations are investing a lot of money and human resources to help identify variables that can make their organizations competitive in their respective markets. Failure in managing any one variable can result in the overall failure of the organization."
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Pfizer, Inc. and the Pharmaceutical Industry, 2005.
This paper is a risk analysis of Pfizer, Inc. and the pharmaceutical industry including its direct competitors: Bayer AG, Merck & Co., Novartis AG, Abbott Labs and Eli Lilly.
2,175 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Pfizer and all five of its direct competitors essentially face many of the same risks such as the tendency for the marketplace to discourage the use of new medicines because of their higher costs. The author points out that the safety of products and proper usage by consumers are always concerns as demonstrated by the problems facing Bayer and Merck and, now, potentially, by Pfizer with Celebrex. The paper concludes that Pfizer is unique from its competitors and remains the leading pharmaceutical company because of its effective risk and resource management of the company's extraordinary portfolio management practices, security of the day-to-day management of resources and its research and development.
From the Paper
"The third goal, corporate social responsibility, means putting people and communities first and preserving and protecting the environment. It also means being sensitive to the needs of Pfizer's colleagues, and evaluating the company from a critical point of view. Over the past four years, Pfizer has almost tripled in size, from about 45,000 colleagues worldwide to over 122,000. In 2003, Pfizer created a global corporate citizenship coordinating team. The goal of this group is to help unify Pfizer's approach to corporate citizenship across many countries and cultures, through membership in organizations that promote responsible business practices internationally. Some of the initiatives that have been explored are the reduction of carbon monoxide emissions and supplying global energy through cleaner sources. This final goal is a symbol of Pfizer's commitment to strengthen leadership and become more responsive."
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Social Responsibility of Pharmaceutical Companies, 2004.
Study of the ethics of pharmaceutical companies when conducting business and promoting their products.
5,370 words (approx. 21.5 pages), 32 sources, MLA, $ 132.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses several questions concerning the ethical conduct of pharmaceutical companies. The paper considers whether doctors that sit on the boards of companies can be impartial when they make decisions to financially back research/drugs of the pharmaceutical company they represent, as well as what should be the corporate responsibility of the pharmaceutical companies. Also considered is whether pharmaceutical companies have systems in place to keep them ethically responsible and if advertising by pharmaceutical companies actually creates a demand for prescriptions when no need actually exists. Numerous graphs and tables are included.
From the Paper
"Indeed, one of the unique aspects of advertising prescription pharmaceuticals is the caveat ?Ask your doctor?. The consumer cannot go out and directly purchase the product (note that via the internet this is now possible), but traditionally must receive a physician?s endorsement by way of a prescription. The pharmaceutical industry uses this reasoning to defend its promotional tactics, claiming that because doctors ultimately authorize prescriptions the public is insulated from deceptive advertising. Yet research indicates that doctors are likely to prescribe drugs patients request under increasing pressure. Patients often insist on brand names over generic drugs, some of which are just as effective and less costly."
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The Japanese-American Bio-pharmaceutical Industry, 2002.
An insight into the Japanese-American bio-pharmaceutical industry and the availability of drugs in each country.
20,023 words (approx. 80.1 pages), 44 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how the Japanese-American bio-pharmaceutical industry represents an ongoing international effort between the two top pharmaceutical markets in the world. It looks at why a number of pharmaceutical products that are currently available to U.S. residents are unavailable to Japanese consumers and how from a humanitarian perspective, this discrepancy denies access to life-enhancing and life-saving drugs to the Japanese population. It proposes a study to evaluate how the United States and Japan can work collaboratively to optimize the availability of ethical pharmaceuticals so that every American and Japanese citizen is permitted free access to life-enhancing and life-saving drugs.
Outline
List of Tables
List of Figures
Chapters
1.Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Importance of the Problem
Definition of Terms
Limitations and Delimitations
2.Review of the Literature
1990 to 1996
1997 to 2002
3.Methodology
Research Design
The Hypothesis
Special Tests
Statistical Procedures Used
Data Gathering
Population Descriptions
4. Results
Statement of the Results
Tables
Charts
Figures
Statistical Findings
5.Summary
Conclusions
Supporting Findings
Contradicting Findings
Recommendations
Additional Research
Implications for Revising the Current Body of Knowledge
Change in Related Practices
Appendices
From the Paper
"Regardless of the strategic tools that are utilized for a meaningful entry into U.S. markets as well as growth, Japanese firms must increasingly rely on local staff. Depending on local staff to manage their business, and providing those managers with sufficient opportunities and incentives, is a management challenge that Japanese pharmaceutical manufacturers have yet to overcome, especially in the United States. This will require a modification of management methods throughout the firm, including domestic headquarters. Such changes will be slow and will be resisted; we expect the issue of bicultural management to be a struggle for most Japanese pharmaceutical firms throughout the 1990s. This ?people issue? also involves a number of organizational matters that many of these firms are now attempting to manage."
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Pharmaceutical Industry, 2006.
This paper discusses how the pharmaceutical industry affects the U.S. economy.
1,140 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer looks at the global growth of the pharmaceutical industry and at the important part it plays in the U.S. economy. The writer notes that the United States accounts for 46 percent of the world's pharmaceutical market. The writer discusses the volume and cost of prescriptions dispensed in the United States.
The fact that the pharmaceutical industry is one of the most dynamic and largest sectors in the U.S. economy is examined in this paper. Further, the writer looks at the biotechnology and research fields in this regard. The writer concludes by looking at the growth in employment within the pharmaceutical industry.
From the Paper
"In 1995, the total retail cost of the prescriptions dispensed in the United States advanced 13.9 percent to $64.6 billion, and in terms of prescription volume, the retail market grew 8.3 percent with 1,235,708,000 and 912,565,000 new and refill prescriptions, respectively, dispensed. The pharmaceutical industry continues to look for innovative ways to reach new customers, for according to the Task Force for Compliance of the National Pharmaceutical Council, "noncompliant patients cost the U.S. economy an estimated $100 billion yearly in lost productivity and extra medical costs, not to mention lost product sales." To target the problem of under use, the industry implements disease management programs, as well as patient-focused education and promotional programs."
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Pharmaceutical Licensing, 2004.
An analysis of compulsory licensing of pharmaceutical products.
4,300 words (approx. 17.2 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 113.95
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Abstract
This paper highlights the causes and effects of the compulsory licensing of pharmaceutical products. The paper discusses the fundamental positions, attitude, inclination, and concerns of the developed world and the under-developed world with regard to the intellectual property rights of the pharmaceutical products. The paper also concentrates on the subject of the intellectual property rights of the biotechnology products. The paper also exposes the priorities of both the developed world and the under-developed world, priorities that have been a major hurdle in all previous negotiations on Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) protection. Subsequently, the paper gives practical recommendations that ought to be followed in all future negotiations so that both parties can derive maximum benefits from the patentability of pharmaceutical products.
From the Paper
"Over the years, it has become a general belief that biodiversity will pave the way for a solution to almost all the diseases that exist today and continue to negatively influence our lives. This belief has led scientists to take further steps in the Research and development (R&D) of biotechnology. These steps comprise of various compounds, compounds that are biologically active, compounds that are natural resources, for example microbes, insects, fungi, marine organisms, and plants. However, laboratories are not capable of producing these complex biologically active and complex compounds. This is because the key places of genetic biodiversity are situated in the tropical and the subtropical regions of the world (Tara, 1994). Therefore, it is imperative for biotech scientists to go into the tropical forests with the purpose of locating these biologically active compounds."
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Quality Management in the Pharmaceutical Industry, 2004.
Presents a literature review relating to the issue of total quality management (TQM) in the pharmaceutical industry.
2,267 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 17 sources, APA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
Good manufacturing practices (GMP) are considered part of the quality control system for companies producing pharmaceutical products. GMP principles aim to ensure the regular production for products that conform to the health standards required from regulatory bodies. GMP provides the general basics to determine the minimum acceptable requirements for the production at good products, covering all the activities related to the production process. This paper hypothesizes that, although ISO 9000 certification, which is the world-wide quality management and quality assurance standard, is not required for pharmaceutical companies, only those with a company culture mature and ethical enough to implement TQM successfully will be able to successfully implement GMP (industry-specific standard). There has been a great deal of confusion concerning whether being in compliance with the pharmaceutical GMP would successfully lead to obtaining ISO certification with minimum changes and costs, or whether achieving ISO certification is going to be a long and expensive road. This paper hypothesizes that the ultimate success of a company?s ISO program will not depend solely on how well-defined its quality system is, but rather its commitment to maintaining GMP.
From the Paper
"In general, this is mainly because the companies have not taken seriously enough the fact that TQM involves a cultural change for the organization. It creates a shift in power between boss and employee. Many managers, especially those who were inadequately trained, have seen employees as accessories to their jobs - as people to be told what to do. People who are disempowered often fail to take initiative in identifying process or sub-component faults. According to the laws of human nature, employees treated this way will leave a great deal of work to be handled by management. According to the theories of TQM, managers have to learn to support, encourage and listen."
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Crimes in the Pharmaceutical Industry, 2004.
A review of rampant crime in the pharmaceutical industry and a discussion of the reasons behind the temptation.
2,541 words (approx. 10.2 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper begins by providing an overview of a history of crime in the pharmaceutical industry. It then analyzes the phenomenon of corporate crime in the industry and common types of crimes. Further discussed is crime in university laboratories and an analysis of the motives for these crimes.
From the Paper
"Despite common belief, pharmaceutical companies choose most of the drugs that are prescribed, not doctors. This creates many opportunities for crime and bad business practices in the pharmaceutical industry. For example, celecoxib, the largely promoted COX-2 drug for arthritis, sold over $1 billion before a single study was published in a medical journal comparing it to similar drugs."
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The Pharmaceutical Industry, 2005.
This paper discusses the economics of the pharmaceutical industry.
3,130 words (approx. 12.5 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 91.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the intellectual property embodied in a drug is an extremely valuable asset for a pharmaceutical company, and its continued protection is directly related to the company's long-term success or failure. The author points out that Pfizer, the leading pharmaceutical company, has three main business practices and goals, which have overcome successfully the uncertainty in drug development and competitive pressures: (1) Extraordinary portfolio management practices, (2) security of daily management of resources and (3) profitable research and development. The paper relates that, in 1984 Congress passed of the Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act, known as the Hatch-Waxman Act, which weakened patent law for pharmaceuticals making it easier for generic copies to enter the market.
Table of Contents
Intellectual Property
Risk and Resource Management
Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration (Hatch-Waxman) Act
Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act
Amendments to the 1938 Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act
From the Paper
"As a result, a high average level of intellectual property protection is economically beneficial. The benefits of strong intellectual property protection are greater in the pharmaceutical industry than they are in other industries, because pharmaceutical firms rely more on patents to protect intellectual property than firms in other industries. When a drug becomes generic as the result of a lost patent, the price goes down, although the demand may remain the same. A less costly drug decreases profits for a pharmaceutical company, which in turn would use the additional profits to invest in their risk and development fund to search for new medicines and cures. Patent law gives pharmaceutical researchers the basic incentive to conduct research and discover new cures."
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Sales Revenues and Profits in the Pharmaceutical Industry, 2002.
A comprehensive analysis of changes in sales revenues and profits in the U.S. pharmaceutical industry from 1980-2000. It includes several original graphs based on relevant statistics.
1,524 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes how changes in sales revenues and profits in the pharmaceutical industry are related to the business cycle with regards to the gross domestic product, consumer price index, and unemployment rate from 1980-2000. The following guidelines were followed: 1) analysis of the pharmaceutical industry and finding revenues and profits from the period of 1980-2000; 2) how revenues and profits in the industry varied over the period 1980-2000; 3) how the business cycle behaved over the period of 1980-2000; 4) variations in revenues and profits with swings in the business cycle and the juxtaposition of industry revenues and profits against the business cycle;and 5) strategies recommended for firms in the industry dealing with the business cycle. A summary is provided in the conclusion. Several original graphs are also included.
From the Paper
"One expert suggests the modern pharmaceutical industry began in the 19th century with the discovery of highly active medicinal compounds that could most efficiently be manufactured on a large scale. As these compounds replaced herbal medicines of earlier times, the occurrence and severity of such diseases as pernicious anemia, rheumatic fever, typhoid fever, lobar pneumonia, poliomyelitis, syphilis, and tuberculosis were greatly reduced. Pharmaceutical industry research has greatly aided medical progress; of the 66 most valuable drugs introduced since aspirin in 1899, 57 were discovered and then produced in industrial laboratories (Atherton, 2002). Today, the pharmaceutical industry is comprised of the processes, operations, and organizations engaged in development and manufacture of drugs and medications (Atherton, 2002). In the U.S., the pharmaceutical industry is followed by the Standard & Poor 500 (S&P 500)."
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