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United Kingdom's Trade Unionists in 20th Century, 2004.
A look at the history of trade unions in the U.K. and a discussion of various theories related to the unions.
2,146 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper highlights the various theories and policies of the trade unions in the United Kingdom and the benefits that are provided to employees in response to the various theories of economists, keeping in view the effect of good employee relationships. It also considers the importance of maintaining a good relationship between employers and employees and the effects of such a positive relationship.
From the Paper
"Labor unions are those organizations of workers or employees who act jointly to negotiate with their employers over wages, extreme benefits, working conditions, and other aspect of employment. The main function of unions is to provide a balance for the market control exerted over labor by big business. Labor unions consist of various occupations working under one name or organization for a specific cause.
Trade union comprise of labor union composed of workers in the same occupation, but not necessarily in the same industry, producing the same product, or employed by the same firm. Common examples of craft unions are for plumbers, carpenters, and musicians. Craft unions generally exert market control by limiting the number of suppliers. (Amosweb economics, 2004)"
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Working Class Conditions in Victorian England, 2005.
A look at how substandard working conditions in the Victorian Era resulted in serious health problems among the working class.
913 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper details the poverty and poor working conditions in England during the Victorian Era and how these conditions had a profoundly negative impact on the health and well-being of the working class. The paper describes the long hours, hazardous working conditions, and low pay that sentenced the people of the working class to a life of inadequate food, housing, medical care, and education. The paper also points out how the Victorian Era is a disturbing example of the consequences of substandard working condition.
From the Paper
"Poor working conditions had a tremendous and negative effect on the health of the working class in England in the Victorian Age. The Victorian Age (the nineteenth century) saw the rise of a large working class, where women, men, and children are spent long hours in employment in substandard conditions. Working conditions were poor, and physical mistreatment was common, as were long hours, unhealthy conditions, and poor wages. As a direct result of these poor conditions and ensuing poverty, the health of the average working class Victorian was poor. Nutrition and hygiene were poor, and disease was common, as was malnutrition."
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California Laws for Latinos, 2005.
A look at California labor laws with respect to Latino immigration.
2,862 words (approx. 11.4 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 85.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the tremendous impact that rising Latino immigration has had on social and demographic policy in California. The paper describes some of the laws enacted in response to the increased immigration and their resulting effects on labor and some of the arguments made by both the laws' proponents and detractors. The paper also looks at the problem of child labor with respect to the children of the Latino immigrant population.
From the Paper
"The population of California underwent dramatic changes in the last 60 years. In the 1940s, the Latinos were a minority of only 6% of the state or roughly 374,000 (Bautista 1991). But by 1980, the Latino population grew to 4 million, almost doubling the figure and increased to more than 7 million in the 90s. In the 2000s, Latinos accounted for a third of California?s total population, creating huge political, economic and social impact upon its entire society (Bautista). Besides sheer volume, the continuously increasing Latino population has developed the distinct feature. Before the 60s, immigrants were rare and less than 20% of these Latinos were foreign born, most of them from Northern Mexico. Immigration, however began to fill the ranks since the 80s so that, today, the majority of adult Latinos in California are immigrants. These developments are among the most important criteria to social and demographic policy makers in the state (Bautista) as well as other states in the Union. One area is labor."
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Indentured Servants and Company Towns, 2004.
Discusses how these two forms of controlled labor affected the United States sociologically.
1,250 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
Sociologically, company towns and indentured servitude are two of the most complex topics of life in historic America. Indentured servants placed their trust in others to eventually gain their freedom and a better life, while company towns existed to better the company, rather than the residents. These two forms of controlled labor created new classes in America and, sociologically, say much about a people who can keep others in bondage, no matter what the outcome. This paper examines the history of indentured servants and company towns in the United States and discusses how sociological concepts apply to these topics.
From the Paper
"Their wages were miniscule after the company deductions, so the company kept them dependent. They could never get enough money ahead to move away, and so, their family's well being and very survival depended on their subservience to the company and its' policies. Anyone who spoke out against costs, living conditions, wages, or social conditions was simply fired and kicked out of their company house. With nowhere to go, most employees simply did not speak up or make waves. Just as with indentured servants, the company, or "master" had all the power, and the worker had little. Indentured servitude may have disappeared in the country, but savvy companies still knew how to control their workers and get the most work out of them for the smallest investment possible."
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Mexico, Gender and Economic Development, 2005.
Essay presenting new insights into the topic of gender and how it affects the Latin American economic development process.
1,781 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This essay attempts to present all new insight into the topic of gender concerns in regard to the Latin American nation of Mexico?s economic development. The report is written as if the author is the Minister of Gender Affairs for Mexico and the new president, who is a woman, ran on a platform that promised gender equality in all new and existing policies within her administration. In this paper, the author, as the Minister of Gender Affairs, must develop a new national plan that both addresses and ends the rampant discrimination against females in Mexico and, in turn, creates new ,generous gender equality policies. The essay addresses issues such as family Legislation, Labor Market Legislation, Trade Policies, Educational Policies, and Agrarian Legislation.
From the Paper
"As the world continues to become a smaller place through the use of new technologies like the Internet and the business community continues to face the intrinsic challenges caused by the highly competitive global economy, Mexico?s labor markets continue to tighten. As the Minister of Gender Affairs for Mexico, I will address the twenty-first century concerns with the Minister of Labor by having our industries hire more women than at any other point in our nation?s history. Once hired, these female workers will discover that the policies that we will institute will remove the existing discriminatory barriers blocking their career paths through obvious glass ceilings. Basically, the existing policies that promote gender discrimination in the work place mean that far too often our qualified females are stopped from moving into positions of leadership within their organization."
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Boosting Employee Morale After Downsizing, 2004.
An examination of different human resource theories for boosting employee morale after downsizing within an organization.
6,015 words (approx. 24.1 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 142.95
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Abstract
Downsizing has become a significant idea in today's economy, and maintaining the trust of employees when something like this takes place has also become very serious business. This paper examines the question of whether a company should downsize their employees and how to do the downsizing properly so that as few employees as possible are injured. It discusses and analyzes the several ways that companies can downsize that will help retain much of the loyalty of the workers that remain.
From the Paper
"Companies who downsize through attrition and buyouts, those companies that work to help downsized employees find new jobs, and companies that are willing to provide outplacement services to those individuals often end up in positions that are much better than companies that simply fire workers due to downsizing (Brockner, Konovsky, Cooper-Schneider, Folger, Martin, & Bies, 1994). These companies who show that they care about the workers that they have to remove through downsizing have a much greater chance of retaining a lot of the loyalty originally given to them by the workers that survived the downsizing (Brockner, Konovsky, Cooper-Schneider, Folger, Martin, & Bies, 1994)."
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Life-Span Theory, 2004.
An overview of the Life-Span Theory of career development.
1,024 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
The Life-Span Theory of career development, developed by D.E. Super in 1953, is a highly useful tool for understanding career choice and development across the lifespan. This paper begins by providing a summary of the theory and then looks at literature written about this theory, which presents its strengths and weaknesses.
From the Paper
"A number of key figures helped to shape Super's Life-Span theory of career development. These included Hull, Thorndike, and Bandura, who helped to shape the major focus of the theory toward an understanding of the distinct life roles of the individual, and that personality and interests could change across the life span, rather than just the first few decades of life (Super, Savickas, and Super, 1996). The basic assumption that underlies Super's theory is that individuals change as they mature. Further, Super's theory is built on an understanding of self concept, which "develops through physical and mental growth, observations of work, identification with working adults, general environment, and general experiences" (Zunker, p. 30)."
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Social Workers and Burnout, 2004.
This paper is a research proposal to study some of the factors that contribute to burnout in the social work field.
2,010 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 19 sources, APA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the emotional condition of the individual social worker can be understood as being directly related to the professional?s job satisfaction, which is no longer understood to result from a monetarily successful practice or other extrinsic factors that affect the social worker. The author points out that the nature of human service occupations often attracts people who are empathetic, sensitive, and tend to be people-oriented, but also who are anxious, introverted, and overenthusiastic. The paper reports that the cross-design research will break the surveyed population into groups by age and gender demographics and will attempt to identify common experiences, factors, and perceptions, which affect the appearance of burnout in the professional?s career path.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Literature Review
Research Methods
Part One
Part Two
Sampling Plan
Measurement Variables
From the Paper
"Burnout, on the other hand, is defined as a negative psychological experience that is a reaction of workers to job-related stress. Burnout refers to a cluster of physical, emotional, and interactional symptoms, including but not limited to emotional exhaustion, a sense of lacking personal accomplishment. This condition often results in the professional depersonalizing clients their clients, and detaching from the lists of emotional and psycho-social needs which clients bring into their office each day. Burnout symptoms also can include physical symptoms, emotional exhaustion, depression, or other serious emotional dysfunction. Recurrent bouts of flu, headaches, fatigue, poor self-esteem, difficulty in interpersonal relationships, substance abuse, inability to concentrate, rigidity, and tendency to blame clients for their problems can appear singularly, or in combination as evidence of burnout."
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Outsourcing and IBM, 2004.
An analysis of IBM and the outsourcing of jobs in the information technology industry.
2,056 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 13 sources, APA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the outsourcing of jobs is one of the most hotly contested in issues in modern-day America and how skilled positions that were once thought secure are now regularly finding their way overseas to places like India and China. Big corporations claim that there are not enough properly trained and educated workers in the United States, and labor advocates say it is all because a computer programmer, in India for example, commands perhaps a third of the salary of his American counterpart. The international human rights advocate sees the outsourcing process as a necessary step in the development of the developing world; a weapon in the fight against poverty and parochial prejudice. In particular, it looks at how IBM has emerged as one of the leading players in this debate and how, as one the world?s leading information technology companies, it employs hundreds of thousands of people across the globe and sets standards that others are bound to follow. In order to understand the role of IBM, it examines the industry itself, IBM?s own corporate policies, and all of the various political and social arguments for and against the computer giant?s course of action.
From the Paper
"As a quick look at the latest available figures will reveal, IBM dominates the market in the production and sale of mainframe computers. From 2002 to 2003, IBM?s market share increased by ten percent, as compared to an industry-wide average increase of only five percent. With this increase, IBM now holds a solid 32% piece of the forty-six billion dollar global mainframe industry. Together, IBM and its three largest competitors ? HP, Sun, and Dell ? control nearly seventy-three percent of this market. IBM is a world leader in other fields as well. It shares the top five spots in computer notebooks with HP, Dell, Toshiba, and Acer. IBM lags only two-tenths of a percentage point behind Hewlett Packard in terms of IT storage revenue; the two companies together managing a hefty fifty-one percent share of the entire storage market. As a leading IT player, IBM and its few leading competitors thus have almost a stranglehold on the global industry. "
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Sweatshops in Third World Countries, 2004.
An overview of the growing problem of sweatshops in Third World countries and what the governments can do to stop them.
1,849 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how cheap labor has always been appealing to corporations and how, as the business world becomes globalized, outsourcing work to countries such as Mexico, China, Korea, the Philippines, India, Africa, and Taiwan has become a common practice among companies from industrialized nations. It looks at how the lack of restrictive and costly government regulations overseas is very attractive to businesses because it provides a favorable bottom line and how this lack of regulation allows dangerous work environments to flourish.
From the Paper
"Taiwan has long been famed for its transformation from a developing country to an industrial colossus, however, in recent years labor disputes at a Taiwanese-owned textile factory in impoverished Nicaragua has cast global attention on the island nation (Perrin Pp). Taiwan has set up scores of garment factories in Central America to produce goods for the American market, but management practices at these factories are said to seem as if they?re taken from the pages of a Dickens novel (Perrin Pp). According to Charles Kernaghan, executive director of the National Labor Committee, ?Taiwanese manufacturers have one of the worst reputations in the world regarding the treatment of workers? (Perrin Pp). A few of the abuses include obligatory overtime, physical violence, union busting and pregnancy tests as a condition for employment (Perrin Pp)."
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Professionalism, 2004.
An examination of the changing attitude towards 'professional' careers.
1,872 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how society's attitude towards professionalism has shifted over the past decades. It looks at the changes of figures and statistics in the work force and the move from blue-collar professions to university degree-based professions. It also discusses people's changing attitudes towards different fields in the professional world.
From the Paper
"Basically, a professional can be defined as one professed of knowledge (Wikipedia online). A professional receives payment for some activity for which he/she has great skill or that something that demonstrates such skill. To conduct oneself as a professional (exhibiting ?professional behavior?) would indicate that the person?s actions remain in accordance with specific rules, written or unwritten, pertaining to the standards of a profession. In many areas a person must overcome a barrier to entry before gaining recognition as a professional. Such barriers include academic degrees, certifications, licenses or completion of an apprenticeship. Professions with such barriers include those of doctors, engineers, attorneys, teachers and, most recently, individuals in electronic technology."
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Collective Bargaining, 2004.
This paper discusses collective bargaining in labor relations based on Chapters 5 to 8 in ?Labor Relations? by Arthur A. Sloane and Fred Witney.
1,435 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 0 sources, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, in an effective relationship of labor relations and management, the entities representing labor and management must not view one another simply as adversaries, but as potentially complementary parties in the pursuit of a common goal of agreement. The author points out that there are simultaneous but conflicting goals. The labor organization wishes to gain the best possible settlement for its workers, and management wishes to maximize profitability and cut costs. The paper contends that the multiplicity of interests is one reason that independent arbitration can be so valuable in helping the interested parties gain patience and willingness to make concessions in the face of seemingly insurmountable differences and obstacles.
From the Paper
"An overview of some of the potential areas of conflict between an individual employee, employees as a collective, and the corporate entity as a whole belay such an easy resolution. Although quality and cost control may ultimately be the most important things to the consumers of products that create the need of manufacturing and thus generate jobs, this does not meant that every individual employee will be willing to sacrifice his or her vacation time or flexible pay, simply to increase corporate profits and maintain his or her job security. The individual decisions of workers thus come under the labor union?s role of advocacy, even if in theory they may go against the collective of managerial desires."
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Cultural Diversity in the Business Environment, 2004.
This paper discusses human resource management and the issue of cultural diversity.
4,295 words (approx. 17.2 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 113.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that excellence in a leader's style used in human resource management is the ability to apply a range of diverse styles, which enables the leader of any organization to bring out the best from any individual in the team according to one's specific nature. The author points out that many employers now have non-English or limited-English-speaking workers; therefore, it is very important for such workplaces to have policies and procedures designed to facilitate communication. The paper concludes that employers should not adopt blanket policies stopping workers from speaking languages other than English at all times, which means that human resource managers must create a work environment specific for these employees.
Table of Content
Academic Literature
Human Resource Management
Managing Diversity in Practice
From the Paper
"The task of human resource as stated in many books is to build an organizational culture based on good communication, comprehensive training and development programs, and consequent rewards for the individual?s performance, ability to take risk, plan well and work in teams. Even if the nature of a culture within an organization is unknown outside its premises, the truth is that its importance cannot be eliminated because culture is extremely influential in determining the degree to which an organization is able to achieve its mission and strategic goals as per plan."
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The Global Economy, 2004.
This paper examines issues that are affecting changes in the global economy, especially employment.
3,835 words (approx. 15.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 105.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the changes in the world economy are affecting employment. This is similar to the changes in the 19th century when the textile industry in the U.S. shifted from the states in the Northeast to the South. The author points out that advanced countries are affected by the impact in the decrease in the availability of jobs because of an overall decrease in the rate of job formation and a global transfer of jobs to less developed countries. The paper relates that an important reason for the decrease of employment and the change in economies has been the process of privatization, the transferring of ownership rights of state-owned enterprises (SOE) to the private sector.
Table of Contents
Growth but No Employment ? A Paradox of Development
State Owned Enterprises
Unemployment Problems from the Government Directly
Impact of Technology and Its Protection
The Growth in Exports and Growth of Economy
Off-Shore Employment
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The legal position within the country also plays a role and it has been seen through measurement of the reforms that have taken place that transfer of ownership is limited in countries that follow French civil law as opposed to countries following common law. This compels only partial privatization there. The origin from French civil law provides better protection to poor minority shareholders and this may be the reason. The legal considerations have to be carefully judged in the case of new shareholders that are created in the process of privatization, as they may be expropriated by the future managers of the privatized SOE."
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Management Issues, 2004.
A look at the problem of sick-leave abuse in the Chicago Police Department.
5,788 words (approx. 23.2 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 139.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the problem of excessive use of sick leave by Chicago's police officers. The paper looks at some of the reasons given for the high rates of sick leave, why many of these reasons are not justifiable and actually indicate an abuse of sick-leave policies, and presents a plan for the Chicago Police Department that will help discourage and prevent the abuse.
From the Paper
"There?s no doubt police work can be stressful, and the connection between stress and illness has been well documented. So it wouldn?t surprise or upset anyone for police officers to be granted a few more sick days than the dozen or so that are generally regarded as standard in U.S. business and even in other U.S. government positions. But in Chicago, the police department is granted an extraordinary number of sick days, 365 medical days for every two years of service. So it?s no wonder 700 Chicago police officers are out sick every day. (Johnson, 2004) That must be a temptation, but the same report noted that 44 percent of the 14,000-officer force took no sick days, with the rest averaging 33 days, up from 18.5 days in 2002. (Johnson, 2004) One of the problems that has led to this condition, according to police union vice president Bill Doughtry, is the special health risks police officers face in dealing with dead bodies. (Johnson, 2004)"
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