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Outsourcing, 2007.
This paper examines the outsourcing of U.S. information technology jobs to other parts of the world, such as Southeast Asia.
5,421 words (approx. 21.7 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 133.95
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Abstract
The paper investigates how long the US should expect the current practice of outsourcing to continue and whether or not the outsourcing of IT jobs will continue to have the same economic impact five to ten years from now. The paper investigates the possibility that laws will be passed in the near future to prevent jobs from moving to outside the U.S. The research also focuses on what the future holds for graduates in the information technology fields and the manner in which companies and individuals can benefit the most from outsourcing.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
History of Outsourcing in the United States
How Long We Can Expect this Current Practice to Continue
The Possibility that Laws will be Passed
What the Future Holds
The Manner in which Companies and Individuals can Benefit the Most from Outsourcing
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Many individuals that were unemployed as a result of outsourcing in the manufacturing sectors were retrained in the area of information technology. For many years the information technology sector and jobs within this sector thrived within the United States. However, more recently there has been a significant increase in the number of IT jobs that have been outsourced to countries where skill levels are similar and the cost associated with labor is cheaper."
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Employee Safety, Health and Welfare Law, 2007.
This paper discusses employee safety, health and welfare in the US, focusing on the Occupational Safety and Health Act.
1,080 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer provides a history and overview of the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (OSHA). The writer points out that this Act covers all American employers and their employees in occupations spanning the range from agriculture to manufacturing. Further, the writer explains that depending on the nature of the industry, OSHA standards may require that employers adopt a variety of practices, means, methods or processes that are deemed reasonably necessary and appropriate to protect workers on the job. The writer concludes that concerns about the new chemicals used in manufacturing, as well as the burgeoning arms manufacturing industry made safety legislation for American workers a pressing national concern.
From the Paper
"For example, compliance with safety standards may include ensuring that employees have been provided with, have been effectively trained on, and use personal protective equipment when required for safety or health. Whenever an employee must wear fire-retardant clothing or secure long hair when working over a kitchen grill, the employer is ensuring that he or she is compliant with OSHA. It is not only employees who are bound by OSHA - employees must also comply with all rules and regulations that apply to their own actions and conduct to ensure their own safety. An employee that refuses to secure his or her hair when working on a machine press is violating the law just as much as an employer that requires his or her employees to wear potentially dangerous clothing."
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Karl Marx, 2007.
This paper examines the beliefs of German philosopher Karl Marx.
1,563 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer analyzes the views of Karl Marx, in particular with regards to his views of the alienation of a worker. The writer discusses that Karl Marx defined this type of alienation as being a social problem, which had been in fact created by the bourgeois management of production on one hand, and exchange on the other. The writer notes that today, the condition of the worker is not as alienated as described by Karl Marx during his times, but still, a human being still produces automatically to earn his livelihood, rather then producing without any sort of external necessity, perhaps like an artist or a musician. The writer concludes that in a society where the forces of the market are able to dictate human behavior, people would never be able to realize their full potential, and this would mean that capitalism today, which interferes with the true nature of a human being, must be abolished as far as it is a possibility.
From the Paper
"In other words, Karl Marx was of the firm opinion that in general, a worker was alienated to a large extent. Perhaps, said Karl Marx, the obvious expression of this alienation was seen in the fact that the worker was quite unable, in capitalist times, of actually owning what he had produced with his effort and hard work. The fact cannot be denied, that the existing conditions of production did indeed dehumanize the worker, to such an extent that he became a mere animal, in following his routine and losing his creativity. The worker would also feel alienated because of the fact that work is not 'himself', it is outside of him, and therefore, not at all a part of his true nature. He becomes both mentally and physically 'debased', and is happy only during his leisure time, which is not much, and he is almost like an animal, in the basic satisfaction of his animal functions of eating, sleeping, procreating, while in his creativity and so on, he is reduced to an animal like thinking. Therefore, the animal becomes human, and the human, animal."
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Starbucks' Management Strategies, 2006.
A review of management strategies that help Starbucks motivate employees and customers.
2,247 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at how Starbucks' management motivate their employees, and their customers to purchase their products. According to the paper, Starbucks is making an enormous amount of money by brewing and selling coffee in 9,000 stores in 39 countries, and by building new stores all over the world in which to brew and sell more coffee than any other company.
From the Paper
"One of Schultz's high points - which resulted from Starbucks' notably visionary organizational behavior, i.e., their decision to provide full healthcare benefits (bearing 75% of the cost) to part-time and full-time employees - was his invitation to meet with U.S. President Bill Clinton, in the Oval Office, in 1994. He had been invited as part of a group of CEOs the president had invited to a luncheon on health care, but he was given a 15-minute private meeting with the president, to talk about companies' healthcare benefits to employees."
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Affirmative Action, 2006.
A review of the history of affirmative action.
1,544 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the concept of affirmative action. The paper reports that affirmative action was first used by President John F. Kennedy during 1961 in his call for action towards greater equality in terms of federal contracting. The paper goes on to say that the President instructed contractors to take "affirmative action" to ensure that applicants be treated equally regardless of race, creed or sex. The paper goes on to discuss some of the problems that affirmative action policies create and concludes that, because of these problems, it is time to terminate affirmative action policies.
From the Paper
"It has been mentioned above that affirmative action policies such as point and quota systems emphasize rather than redress issues of unfairness and racial discrimination. Awarding any favoritism to persons because of their skin color is discriminatory. This has negative effects on both the favored and the disfavored. Persons who are favored for their minority status could be made to feel that they have not achieved their respective positions for their merits or talents. They may as a result doubt their ability to perform well, and concomitantly in actual fact not perform well because of this feeling. This is reinforced by the resentment experienced from disfavored groups who feel that their rights have been violated."
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State and Federal Employment Systems, 2006.
A comparison between federal employment laws and New Hampshire state laws of employment.
1,235 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces, discusses and analyzes the topic of employment law. Specifically the paper discusses how the federal and New Hampshire state systems of government may or may not differ in their application of employment laws. Federal employment laws set the standard for most state laws.
From the Paper
"New Hampshire also has a statute regarding "displaced homemakers" that covers older women who may have been absent from the workforce for many years, and are suddenly displaced due to death, divorce, or other occurrences. The state offers assistance to these women, training for new jobs, and employment assistance. This is also a statute that is not represented in the federal employment laws. It is clear this must be a problem in New Hampshire because lawmakers felt it needed to be addressed. This statue originally took effect in 1979, so it seems New Hampshire is more forward thinking than many other states who do not yet address this issue."
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South Asian Economics, 2006.
A review of the "spatial poverty trap".
3,079 words (approx. 12.3 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 90.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the concept of a "spatial poverty trap", identified by Angue Deaton and Jean Dreze. According to this paper, this refers to the tendency of poverty to concentrate in certain geographical locations within countries. This paper examines the most important contributing factors to this phenomenon.
From the Paper
"Furthermore the authors mention the issue of overall living standards improvement as a factor that hides specific instances of poverty. While government relief subsidies are offered for relocation programs in cases of radical economic change such as the move from traditional to commercial farming, these are hardly enough to cover the expenses of a family losing an entire livelihood. Such livelihoods are for example specifically lost by families who have been involved in traditional economic ventures such as fishing for centuries. These industries are replaced by commercial shrimp farms, for example. Government subsidies hide the empoverished nature of traditional communities whose livelihood is removed from their immediate environment. Subsidies then hide the problem while exacerbating it instead of relieving it in a targeted fashion like an improved or new policy might have done."
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Poverty Level and Minimum Wage, 2006.
A look at the poverty levels in the USA.
1,349 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews a recent population survey by the US Census Bureau saying that America's poor have significantly risen to 37 million, 13 million of whom are children. According to the paper, records show that child poverty in America is significantly higher than that in other major Western countries. With a 12.7% population increase rate, 7 million additional poor will burden the economy and country.
From the Paper
"According to the 2005 population survey conducted by the US Census Bureau, the number of Americans living in poverty has substantially risen to 37 million in recent years or almost one in every eight persons (Office of Social Justice St. Paul and Minneapolis 2006). The 12.7% population increase meant an additional 7 million Americans falling into poverty since 2000. Of these figures, 13 million were children living in poverty in 2004 at a rate of 17.8%, which was significantly higher than that of population as a whole. Child poverty has also been twice or thrice higher than that in most other major Western industrialized countries where 2,019 American babies are born in poverty. Current statistics say that one in five children is poor in his or her first three years of life, the time when brain development is greatest. Furthermore, each child is born without health insurance every minute. And according to the National Center for Children in Poverty, the poverty rate for children is significantly higher by approximately 50% than for other age groups (OSJSPM)."
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Performance Standards and Guidelines, 2006.
An analysis of performance standards and guidelines in the medical field.
2,427 words (approx. 9.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 74.95
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Abstract
This paper assesses the use of performance indicators within the medical field. The paper provides a general overview of what is currently being used. The paper then evaluates the positives and negative of these current systems. The paper concludes by discussing possible improvements in performance in the medical field.
Outline:
Standard I: Quality of Practice
Standard II: Professional Practice Evaluation
Standard III: Education
Standard IV: Ethics
Standard V: Collaboration
Standard VII Resource Utilization
IV. Technology
From the Paper
"Health care performance indicators have been developed by different local and international medical organisations such as the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations and the Health Care Financing Administration in North America. The Society of Gastroenterology Nurses and Associates, Inc. for example, has developed guidelines for nurses. These guidelines focus on how they are to perform their duties and responsibilities. Guidelines are based on current practices in the field, along with published data about it. Standards of Clinical Nursing Practice are divided into Standards of Practice and Standards of Professional Performance. These standards, based on the American Nurses Association (ANA) format, have been structured to be all-inclusive. They allow for the evaluation of all levels of nursing care provided in a variety of settings and describe the collaborative nature of gastroenterology, hepatology, and endoscopy practice. (sgna ,2005) These standards could assist in making sure the patients receive care from knowledgeable and skilled nurses and they are receiving the necessary attention they ought to have (Smith 2001)."
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Sweatshops in China, 2006.
A discussion regarding the labor practices in Chinese sweatshops.
2,518 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 76.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a detailed examination of labor in China, focusing specifically on sweatshops and unions. The paper explores what a sweatshop is, why they still exist in China and what the American labor movement is doing to try and stop them.
Outline:
Introduction
The Outcry
Defining the Term
Focus on China
American Union Response
Chinese Worker Response
Conclusion
From the Paper
"While her case brought international attention to the issue there are hundreds of thousands of identical sweatshops throughout China employing many millions of men, women and children who are trapped in a cycle that they cannot break. The pay is so substandard that they often find they have to live with dozens of other people in a single home so that they can afford to buy food. Even given this effort the food that they can afford is often substandard therefore the nutritional needs are not being met. This cycle is difficult to break as they do not make enough money to provide for their families while they begin new jobs or careers. "
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Early Retirement, 2007.
An argument for the reduction in retirement age for the general population.
2,194 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
The paper contends that retirement should be mandatory and it should take place between the ages of 55 and 57. The paper discusses the benefits involved, including opportunities for volunteer work, more freedom and lower healthcare expenses for employers. The paper notes the concern that without a sufficient pension, retirees will become a burden on the state. The paper concludes that an earlier retirement age should be the way companies work since they would save a lot of money. This would allow them to look after the newer generation and future of the country while retirees use their experiences to help others.
Outline:
Introduction
Benefits
Opposition
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Society is always changing. It is not something that can ever be avoided, and in many ways this is a good thing. A society that is not willing to grow and change will simply stagnate instead of continuing to evolve into something that is even better than it was in the first place. Not all of society's changes are good or bad, however. Some changes are simply changes, and they must be accepted as such. One of these changes is the fact that the population of America is becoming older overall as people are living longer. Even though there are many people being born, there are large groups of baby boomers and others that are reaching retirement age. This has many implications for the future."
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Unions, 2006.
A review of the history and the decline in union membership.
2,114 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a detailed examination of the decline of unions over the past few decades. The paper explores some of the reasons that have caused union membership to decline. The paper also explains the history and purpose of unions worldwide, and also the elements contributing to the decline of union membership experienced in the US.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Worldwide
In The States
Conclusion
From the Paper
"As unions began to grow over the years management began to realize that they would have to begin treating their workers with more respect if they would ever get out from under the hold the union could have on the company if it was allowed entrance. To this end companies began to offer wages and benefits that could compete with anything a union might demand. The benefit to having such elements provided without a union for the workers was that they no longer had to pay union dues and if a company went on strike miles or states away, they would not be required to strike in support and lose wages while doing so. As management began to reap the rewards of offering benefits without being forced to, they quickly realized that it was a way to keep unions out and still have productive employees. "
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"The 42nd Parallel", 2007.
A discussion on the state of early 20th century labor in John Dos Passos' experimental novel, "The 42nd Parallel".
1,142 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
The paper analyzes how, in John Dos Passos' novel, "The 42nd Parallel", work has a dual significance in the lives of the characters of Mac and Janey. The paper explores how work can be profoundly empowering to the individual and allow the individual to live the life he 'likes,' in terms of providing money to establish independence from the family and buying consumer goods. The paper further explores how, from a societal perspective, the ways that workers are viewed in American capitalist society and the ways that employers regard their workers, often as disposable commodities, is fundamentally misguided.
From the Paper
" Hard work provides an income, and thus personally independence, from the need to remain dependent upon one's family. Feeling independent can itself be spiritually uplifting, and the impersonal nature of paid work and its ability to give one's self autonomy outside the family can be valuable, especially for women. For example, some of the hardest work in the novel is the work performed by women. "The strike [of the mill workers] was not popular on Orchard Street. It meant that Mom had to work harder and harder, doing bigger and bigger boilersful of wash."(16) Not even the advocates of the laborers, mostly male, appreciate the amount of unpaid and unrecognized work performed by women. Because work around the home is not paid work, both laboring men and women alike tend to devalue housework like washing and sewing, even though they require it to survive."
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New York City and Welfare Reform, 2006.
A review of the article "It Did Happen Here" by Mark Levitan.
867 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the issues relating to welfare reform in NYC, according to Mark Levitan's article, "It Did Happen Here". According to the paper, Levitan argues that even though NYC has experienced a significant rise in "working poor", those who have jobs still remain below the poverty line. This issue is a controversial one, because many people believe that any job is preferable to welfare.
From the Paper
"The information Levitan presents is supported and elaborated on by other sources. In particular, the report of Benita Andrews, mother of nine, demonstrates that those who want to reduce welfare may struggle to see welfare recipients as individuals. It is hard to imagine how Andrews would be able to support nine children on any job she could get. In addition, those who look at her situation keep including the income of the father of her children, who no longer live with them and who only intermittently provides any money at all for the family's maintenance (McMillan, 2006). "
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Minimum Wage, 2007.
An analysis of the fairness of the introduction of minimum wage in America and how Wal-Mart applies the law.
742 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the benefits of the introduction of minimum wage to labor laws in America. It examines both the argument in favor of and against the introduction of this law in America. The paper then applies the two arguments to assessing the viability of the statement that retail giant Wal-Mart unfairly compensates its employees for their labor.
From the Paper
"Huge retail employer Wal-Mart has faced specific criticism of its reluctance to raise employee wages, as well as its policies, considered restrictive by many, regarding the provision of employee benefits such as health care and retirement programs. The arguments of those who favor Wal-Mart paying its employees a living wage say that the retailer could set an example of the viability of such a policy for other large and small corporations. Detractors from this suggestion note that the policy will, at least immediately, decrease profitability and increase costs for the retailer, potentially harming the overall economy. Especially since the average wage at Wal-Mart is only $9.68 per hour, $2.60 lower than the national average wage, critics of the company assert that the retailer does not provide sufficient benefits or pay for its employees and, in light of the huge profits it receives, can afford to do so (Sharp 2005)."
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