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"To the Halls of the Montezumas", 2005.
Analysis and review of Robert W. Johannsen's book on the Mexican- American war.
1,154 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a positive review of Johannsen's book,"To the Halls of the Montezumas," and explains that the focus of the book is on the way the media of that era portrayed the Mexican-American war and is less about the history of the war itself.
From the Paper
"The thesis of the book To the Halls of the Montezumas by Robert W. Johannsen is that the Mexican-American War was America's first foreign war, even though Mexico was not the first foreign power America ever fought. Johannsen says that this war defined America's identity as an international power mainly because of the way it was narrated to the American people through the American press. It was the first war that Americans felt like they were engaged in a moral war against a foreign power, rather than simply fighting for their territorial integrity as a nation and their values of freedom, liberty, and self-determination, as was true of the Revolutionary war."
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The Spanish Inquisition in Latin America.
This paper discusses the Spanish Inquisition in Latin America and the ways it differed from the Inquisition in Spain itself.
3,000 words (approx. 12.0 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 88.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Spanish Inquisition of Latin America had become such a strong facet of Spanish and Latin culture that, by the late 16th century, it served to enforce social norms, as well as religious orthodoxy; nevertheless, the fundamental nature of the Inquisition remained unchanged from its Spanish origins. The author points out that the functional nature of the Spanish Inquisition, with its reliance on hearsay and the brutal sentences it dealt, made it a vehicle for slander, pain, and murder. The paper reveals that, contrary to the theme of the Inquisition condemning individuals who would today be considered innocent, or at least free of any legal entanglements, sometimes cases absolved individuals who were guilty of what today would constitute unforgivable crimes.
From the Paper
"Marina's case is an illustrative one, because not only the nature of her heresy is reasonably rare, but also that her initial confessions illustrate what the most prevalent social taboos in Latin American colonial society were. On the day of her sixth confession, Marina admits, "She has been condemned to hell, because for fifteen years she has had a sensual temptation to the flesh, which makes her perform dishonest acts with her own hands on her shameful parts." The use of language in this passage is particularly revealing in that certain portions of the human body are associated with a feeling of shame, and that their temptation, inevitably leads to the devil and eternal damnation."
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Author Gabriel Garcia Marquez.
This paper discusses Columbian author, Gabriel Garcia Marquez, born in 1928, who still resides in Colombia.
1,525 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the works of Gabriel Garcia Marquez, who received a Nobel Prize for Literature in 1982, demonstrate a unique combination of fantasy and reality. His beloved Columbia is mentioned in almost all his works. The author relates that his book, "One Hundred Years of Solitude," which is about the ghost and spirits that used to haunt his grandmother, is based on the author's own childhood experiences in his home with his grandparents in Aracataca. The paper relates that, in "News of a Kidnapping," Marquez describes the ordeal of the kidnappings and the captivity of ten individuals, including the trauma suffered by the parents and the caretakers of these people and the efforts undertaken by them to free their children from the captors.
From the Paper
"Maruja Pachon de Villamizar was a friend of Gabriel Garcia Marquez. She had been kidnapped from her home in Columbia by a group of terrorists and extremists. When Maruja and Alberto Villamizar approached the author in the year 1993 to request him to write a book on the ordeal that had been undergone by Maruja during the abduction, Gabriel Marquez decided to take up the challenge. When he started his research, however, he discovered that there had been nine other abductions of the same kind at the same time, in Columbia. This was when he decided that this particular kidnapping could not be treated as one single episode and separated from the others. Therefore, he decided, he would research all the ten abductions that had taken place, and then write his story. This is the background of the book 'News of a Kidnapping'."
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Latinas in the United States, 2004.
A discussion of how Latinas adjust to life in the United States.
930 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews the book, "Therapy with Different Populations," written by Nydia Garcia-Preto, with a focus on the chapter, "Latinas in the United States: Bridging Two Worlds". The paper examines the challenges facing the Latinas, Latin women, as they adjust to life in America and the harsh cultural differences.
From the Paper
"In the chapter, Latinas in the United States: Bridging Two Worlds, the author uses several of her patient's true life challenges, along with a vignette from her own life, to illustrate the struggles that Latinas often have in adapting to American culture. Traditional Latino culture is based on a patriarchal structure, where the man has all of the power. According to this culture, women are put on this planet for procreation and to care for the family as housewives and mothers. Strict upbringings, following these beliefs, often clash with American values when Latino families immigrate to the United States."
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"So Far From God: The U.S. War with Mexico, 1846-1848", 2004.
An analysis of this book by John S. D. Eisenhower.
1,200 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the two-year U.S-Mexico War within the context of Eisenhower's history book, "So Far From God: The U.S. War with Mexico, 1846-1848". The paper examines the origins of the war, how it was perceived by the common American, and the cost of the war. The paper concludes with a summary of the pros and cons of the book.
From the Paper
"At the start of the war, in 1846, Mexico was a weak nation, made vulnerable by close to three hundred years of "autocratic Spanish rule" and by its own brutal war of independence. Mexico was a disorganized and corrupt country, and this created a "power vacuum" (xx) that was going to be taken advantage of by "some predator - if not the United States, then Britain," possibly France of even Russia. The stage for war was set when Santa Anna, angry that Sam Houston and other Americans were attacking Mexican army troops, marched into what is now Texas with six thousand men in January 1836. In March, 1836, Santa Anna's soldiers slaughtered all U.S. troops in The Alamo - and a few days later went further by massacring ("executing") 350 prisoners at Golidad (14)."
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Wage Costs and Employee Benefits, 2005.
An overview of employee and wage costs are defined.
3,389 words (approx. 13.6 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 96.95
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Abstract
This paper begins with a legal definition of an employee and then goes on to explain what wage costs are from a business perspective. The paper explains how wage costs are set by the U.S. Department of Labor and then describes employee conditions for comparable workers in Mexico, which includes a look at the benefits the employees receive and how wage costs are calculated there.
From the Paper
"The Legal definition of an Employee is "a person who is hired by another person or business for a wage or fixed payment in exchange for personal services and who does not provide the services as part of an independent business; Any individual employed by an employer". There are in existence three tax laws that will apply to employees. Under this law, when the person who has employed the individual has any sort of right over his employee, then he can control his working methods in any manner, including the end result expected of him, and the details of how and when and where the job is to be done. "Where the employer does not possess that right, the individual involved is an independent contractor, not an employee".
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Bullfighting in Mexico, 2004.
An overview of the origins and sport of bullfighting in Mexico.
912 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how bullfighting was introduced to the Mexican culture by the Spanish during the 1500s and how it has not only become a national symbol of Mexican society, but has come to reflect the social structure of the country as well, in terms of the seating and program structure.
From the Paper
"The bullfight is divided into three stages called tercios, each of which are separated by horn signals. During the first stage, the bullfighter uses a large purple and yellow cape to display the bull to the crowd and to asses its strength, then the picadores enter and lance the back of the bull with steel tipped long pikes that penetrate the bull some four inches to test its strength and to weaken it. During the next stage, called La Suerte de Banderillas, three banderilleros attempt to stick a pair of darts into the attacking bull's back in order to further weaken it. During the final stage, the matador enters the ring and leads the bull around the ring with a small red cape, all the while dodging and taunting the bull to show the spectators his power and courage."
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Spanish Literature, 2005.
Examines and compares three novels that deal with the problem of dual identity.
2,314 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
The characters in "...And The Earth Did Not Devour Him" by Tomas Rivera, "The House on Mango Street" by Sandra Cisneros, and "When I Was Puerto Rican" by Esmeralda Santiago, all deal with the problems in the creation of an individual identity between two geographical and metaphorical spaces. The elements of language, class, and race are intricately involved in this cumbersome process. This paper shows that the characters in these novels find themselves fighting both an external and an internal conflict. It shows how, in all three of these stories, the merging of two cultures proves to be a challenge in which finding a balance is of utmost importance. Finding the balance between the past and the future becomes the only hope the characters have for understanding and claiming their identity.
From the Paper
"Another issue of identity that Esperanza faces is the issue of racial prejudice. She attends a carnival with a girlfriend, Sally, who has somewhat of a bad reputation with the boys. A boy, believing her to be promiscuous like her girlfriend, forces himself on her. She is scared and humiliated and feels as though she has lost her innocence. In this segment the dangers of racial prejudice arise when her attacker says, 'I love you, Spanish girl." These words have an echoing impact in Esperanza's head, and are repeated several times. These words symbolize the attacker's assault not only on her womanhood, but on her own individual identity as well."
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The Economy of Latin America and the Caribbean, 2004.
An analysis of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC).
2,591 words (approx. 10.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 78.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), which has been the main source of information and analysis of that area. A subsidiary organization of the United Nations Economic and Social Council, it was founded for the purposes of contributing to the economic development of Latin America and to reinforce economic relationships among the other nations of the world. The paper explains that the organization is guided by rules that govern its purpose. The paper outlines and examines these mandates: reinforcing economic relationships among the member countries and with the other nations of the world; promoting economic and social development; gathering information by organizing, interpreting, and distributing information about the region; providing advice to governments; promoting and executing cooperation for member country developments; organizing meetings, workshops, and conferences; and communicating global concerns to the region and regional concerns globally.
From the Paper
"Social development was later included among ECLAC's primary objectives. Over the past fifty years, ECLAC has primarily provided research and analytical data on the social and economic state of Caribbean and Latin American countries. ECLAC's research covers a huge range of issues. They have conducted research on topics from fishing to taxation. The ECLAC's commander-in-chief is the Secretary General, and consists of many different divisions, units, and offices for all types of information, research, and services."
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"The House of the Spirits", 2004.
A review of Isabelle Allende's book, "The House of the Spirits".
1,566 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the book, "The House of the Spirits" written by Isabelle Allende. The writer points out that, although the book is a novel and is set in a nameless magical reality of the author's imagination rather than a specific place and time, the heavily symbolic nature of Allende's prose renders the book almost like a philosophical, as opposed to an analytical, critique of Chilean politics and society.
From the Paper
"The book tells the story of the coming of age, of the boyhood and manhood of the patriarch of the Trueba family during the political upheaval that cumulates in the rise of a dictatorial era. It also stresses the struggles of the patriarch's wife to come to terms with her own gifts of prognostication and the impact of the sins and hopes of the fathers and mothers of the Trueba family upon their offspring's lives in a larger political context. Ultimately, Estaban Trueba lives in frustration at his inability to control the women in his life or the politics of the world in which he dwells logic and masculine power are futile in the arbitrary world of the novel. The man's first love, his fiance dies. He cannot fully possess his wife Clara on an emotional level, as she becomes involved with a relationship with another woman. His daughter becomes pregnant by a lower class man. His granddaughter is raped."
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Legal Migration from Mexico, 2005.
A discussion of the pros and cons of allowing legal migration from Mexico into the United States.
1,654 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces, discusses, and analyzes the topic of legal migration. Specifically, it discusses the benefits of allowing legal migration from Mexico to the U.S. and the damaging effects of not allowing legal migration. In addition, it analyzes the problems and dangers that have come from the increased border patrols. Allowing more legal migration from Mexico into the United States is a controversial issue that has been addressed by many, but never acted upon. The writer points out that the flow of illegal immigrants from Mexico into the U.S. takes its toll in many forms; allowing more legal immigrants to enter the U.S. would solve many problems, including death in the deserts, smugglers trafficking in human lives, and reuniting families separated by time and borders. It argues that legal immigration from Mexico must be addressed and increased for the benefit of so many Mexican citizens who want to better their lives.
From the Paper
"The history of legal and illegal immigration into the country from Mexico has not always been fraught with problems. In the 1940s, the "bracero" program allowed Mexican farm workers to immigrate to the United States to work primarily in the farmlands of California and Texas. The program was temporary, and allowed workers to come into the country because of a labor shortage in the US caused by World War II. It continued rather sporadically until 1964, when the US ended the program, feeling it artificially lowered the wages for American farm workers. When the program ended, the Border Patrol, the enforcement division of the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS), (now called the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, USCIS), apprehended perhaps 42,000 illegal workers attempting to enter the country along the Mexican border. By 1974, that number had skyrocketed to at least 710,000 illegal immigrants apprehended attempting to enter the country, and in 1986, the peak year, 1.7 million people were apprehended. Today, at least 1,000,000 workers are apprehended each year (Borjas and Fisher 626). In 1986, President Reagan and the Congress enacted the Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA), a form of amnesty that allowed many illegal aliens already in the country to remain in the country legally. It also created many sanctions against employers who hire illegal aliens."
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Dependency and Marxist Theory in Latin America, 2004.
An overview of how dependency and Marxist theories have had an effect on the economy of Latin America.
2,936 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 86.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how both dependency theory and Marxist theory suggest reasons why Latin America and similar areas in the world have not achieved the same level of economic development as the developed world and how each theory has then been used as a reason for making changes to effect greater levels of development. It considers the history and political and social structures in Latin America and looks at how the way these theories have affected Latin American economies and their citizens.
From the Paper
"Development and underdevelopment are seen in terms of dependency theory as part of the same process and not as separate entities. Dependency theory was fashioned to explain the patterns of development in Latin America and held that this development had been conditioned by the incorporation of the region into the capitalist mode of production. The dependency of the Third World on the developed capitalist nations involves an interaction that explains the economic and social-class formations that have emerged in places like Latin America and also the structure of trade, technology, and investment between the developed and the developing world (Topik, 1987, pp. 554-555)."
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Cesar Chavez, 2004.
An analysis of civil rights fighter, Cesar Chavez.
1,447 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper presents Cesar Chavez as one of the most historically significant figures associated with the civil rights movement. The paper discusses Chavez's actions on behalf of the Latino farm worker. The paper explores Chavez's quiet perseverance, which created a legacy of change and awareness. The paper explains how Chavez learned, through his own experiences and through the example of historically great and influential teachers, that the best way to change those things that need to be changed is to first understand them through listening and then act on them through aggressive nonviolence.
From the Paper
"The Latino farm worker was a quiet voice in the wilderness of the American market economy. Many migrant workers were mistreated and worked for slave like wages that rarely kept their family fed and helped them live almost exclusively in squalor. They were given little for the backbreaking work they did, while they attempted to feed clothe and educate themselves and their children. Yet, as loud a voice as the name, Cesar Chaves implies his tactics were often as quiet as the meek voices of those he attempted to help. It was with this quiet perseverance that Chavez created a legacy of change and awareness."
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Artist Frida Kahlo, 2004.
This paper discusses the legendary Mexican artist, Frida Kahlo, sometimes called a surrealist painter, Communist, and inspiration for one of the greatest painters of the 20th century, Diego Rivera.
2,605 words (approx. 10.4 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 78.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Frida Kahlo's physical suffering definitely stimulated her spiritual side as images came into her mind and then appeared in her paintings, similar to many physically handicapped artists, such as Toulouse-Lautrec. The author claims that the biography of Frida Kahlo, as written by Hayden Herrera, is perhaps one of the most interesting and complete stories about someone's life that has ever been written. The paper contends that Kahlo is a type of traditional artist, called Mexicanism, which she embraced throughout her lifetime as a result of the Mexican Revolution of 1910 that resulted in a wave of nationalism throughout the country and prompted a new pride in traditional Mexican culture.
Table of Contents
Background Information: Biography and Reputation
Synopsis of Hayden Herrera's "Frida: A Biography of Frida Kahlo"
Objective Critique
From the Paper
"Frida Kahlo was born on the 6th of July 1907 in Ciudad de Mexico as the third daughter of William Kahlo and Matilda Calderon. Her complete name was Magdalena Carmen Frida Kahlo Calderon. Her life was struck by misery ever since the beginning: in 1913, when she was six years old, she contracted poliomyelitis and her right leg was affected, appearing much thinner than the other throughout her life. She entered high school at the National Preparatory School, where she soon turned out to be the leader of a prank-oriented group of rebel teenagers. It was here that she came in contact with her future husband and soul mate, Diego Rivera, perhaps the greatest Mexican muralist who, at that time, was commissioned to paint a mural in the school auditorium."
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The U.S. Immigration Policy, 2005.
A look at how U.S. immigration policy affects Texas.
1,630 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces, discusses, and analyzes the topic of immigration policy. More specifically, the paper focuses on how immigration policy has impacted Texas throughout its history and how it continues to impact the state today.
From the Paper
"Throughout our history, immigration has been the backbone of the country. Without it, the country would not have the population and diversity we have today, and without it, much of the expansion and building of the country would not have taken place. Even in our earliest history, immigration was key to growth and prosperity. At first, immigration was uncontrolled, and the first policies were not established until the late 1800s, when the country was a century old (Briggs 371). Throughout the many different policies that have affected immigration in the country, there has been one common goal - to keep out "undesirable" immigrants while allowing a steady flow of desirable immigration. For example, "In early federal regulations, 'undesirable immigrants' were typically categorized in racial terms. Commonly viewed as racially inferior and unassimilable, ethnic minorities became the targets of early federal efforts to restrict immigration" (Delaet 23)."
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