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Latin American Union, 2006.
An analysis of the idea of creating a social institution, resembling the European Union structure, for Latin American countries.
2,888 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 85.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the rationality of creating a social institution for Latin American countries, resembling the mechanisms of the European Union. The paper starts by discussing the role of international institutions and organizations in the present world order. Next, the paper provides a complete, yet concise, review of literature relevant to the discussion and then provides the rationale for the creation of a social institution in Latin America. The paper argues in favor of such an institution's formation by revealing the failures of the international institutions and global organizations and by highlighting the dilemmas of the national governments in the present world order. Lastly, the paper provides a brief, yet concise mechanisms of the social institution that will assist the Latin American countries in resolving the present discrepancies and problems confronting them.
Table of Contents
Abstract
Introduction
Review of Related Literature
The Rationale for the Creation of a Latin American
Social Institution
An argument in Favor of the Creation of a
Latin American Social Institution
The Possible Mechanisms of the Latin American
Social Institution
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The thought of creating an international social institution in Latin America, resembling The European Union structure needs careful examination as it is clear from the above mentioned facts that research and study on this subject is neither very extensive nor very comprehensive. However, before we assess the justification and the possible working structure of an international institution in Latin America, it is imperative we briefly review the theories pertaining to this subject so that we may be able to clearly evaluate not only the workings of the Latin American social institution but also the fundamental reasons and motivations underlying such a development."
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The French and Haitian Revolutions, 2005.
This paper discusses the impact of the Enlightenment on the French and Haitian revolutions.
1,005 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Enlightenment greatly influenced the French and Haitian revolutions, mostly due to the rights of man as expressed in the "Declaration" and the philosophical ideals of such men as Rousseau, Diderot and Montesquieu. The author points out that the French Revolution influenced the Haitian revolt via its appeal to the white lower classes, the mulattos and freed blacks who resented the social barriers of legal discrimination within Haiti. The paper suggests that the Enlightenment not only brought about new political and social systems within France and Haiti but also caused massive unrest and much trouble for both countries.
Table of Contents
Introduction
The Enlightenment
The French Revolution
The Haitian Revolution
From the Paper
"While all of this revolt was happening in France, the small Caribbean colony of Haiti was experiencing similar turmoil. The Haitian Revolution of 1789 to 1804 began as a political struggle among the free peoples of Saint Domingue, a French colony on the island of Hispaniola. The French Revolution of the same period provided the impetus for class and racial hatreds to come about on the island. Each of the colony's social classes, being the wealthy planters and merchants, and the lower white classes, seized the chance to address their grievances and bring about social chaos and revolt."
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Latin Literary Comparison, 2006.
This paper reviews and analyzes the various similarities relating to Latin-American immigration in both Julia Alvarez's "How the Garcia Girls Lost Their Accents" and T. Coraghessan Boyle's "The Tortilla Curtain."
713 words (approx. 2.9 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 25.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper details the plot as well as the main characters of each novel while focusing on the numerous similarities in both works of writing. This paper examines the manner in which both authors focus on the real-life problems encountered by Latin immigrants in the U.S. This paper delves into the numerous difficulties which awaited the immigrants upon their arrival to America including issues with gender, culture and class backgrounds. The writer contends and explains why the Garcia girls in Alvarez's novel did not assimilate completely in the U.S., even though they lost their native accents they continue to remain stuck between the two cultures unable to fully adapt to either one. This paper also delves into the topic of illegal immigration and the ensuing problems facing the characters in Boyle's novel.
From the Paper
"The Garcia girls come to the United States because of political reasons. They are forced to leave the Dominican Republic because their father got in trouble with the Dominican secret police for protesting the nation's ruling military dictatorship. In contrast, the immigrants of The Tortilla Curtain immigrate illegally, rather than with the help of the CIA like the Garcia girls. The immigrants from Mexico of The Tortilla Curtain do so to better their way of life, economically, rater than for political reasons, when they flee their nation to make their way to Southern California via Mexico. The Garcia girls come from a privileged background. They had enjoyed many, if not more of the toys and luxuries of their American counterparts. True, they still have trouble fitting in, when they come to America."
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The Dominican Republic, 2005.
This extensive paper presents a detailed history of the Dominican Republic.
6,720 words (approx. 26.9 pages), 17 sources, MLA, $ 153.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Taino Indians inhabited the island at least 5,000 years prior to Christopher Columbus' discovery of America; these natives were eliminated by smallpox, which Columbus brought with him. The author points out that the Trujillo administration for more than thirty years made massive spending in building infrastructure; however, the despot himself, his family and his associates cornered the major part of the monetary gains. The paper relates that the pattern of the last 500 years of abysmal poverty and complete government mismanagement and corruption by the people in power has continued with the election of President Leonel Fernandez, who made the things ever worse when he depreciated the currency to the dollar by 50% and enhanced taxes and prices to insure poverty for his people.
From the Paper
"During the late 1970s, the pace of economic growth demonstrated a shortfall while the sugar prices varied and the quadrupling of oil prices that initiated in 1973 converted the terms of trade of the nation to become negative. Progressive deficits in the balance of payments, reducing revenues of the government coming out of the extensive tax exemptions, and growing expenditures on state-operated companies quickly enhanced the national debt. During the early 1980s, oil prices again enhanced to a great extent, the international recessions diverted the local economy, and sugar prices hit a forty-year low, and never before high interest rates on foreign loans threw the economy into the whirlwind of balance of payments deficit and growing external debt."
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NAFTA, 2005.
This paper discusses the effect of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) on Mexico's economy.
1,370 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, a decade after the enactment of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) creating a borderless economy, Mexico has benefited from free trade but problems remain if it is to compete effectively with the rest of the world. The author points out that, the unemployment rate is close to zero in northern Mexico where manufacturing still is concentrated; however, manufacturing facilities are spreading out to other parts of the country. The paper stresses that, in spite of the vast improvements in the last ten years, Mexico still has some serious challenges ahead such as (1) the need to create one million new jobs each year in order to absorb the young workers entering the market and (2) smaller companies have trouble upgrading technology because of higher borrowing costs.
From the Paper
"Mexico has come a long way from the catastrophic financial crisis of 1994-1995, when millions of Mexicans were thrust into poverty and life savings were wiped out. Two million jobs were eliminated. The early days of NAFTA had failed to benefit Mexico as expected, and most of the manufacturing exports still came from the maquiladora sector along the northern border with the U.S. A corrupt and unstable political environment limited foreign investment. In January 1995, President Clinton was motivated to provide a $47 billion bailout of the Mexican economy."
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Mexican Migration to the U.S., 2006.
This paper examines the various reasons surrounding the increasing migration of Mexican citizens to the United States.
1,850 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper traces the migration of Mexican citizens to America back to the 1920s. For nearly 60 years, Mexico has been the primary source of Latin-American immigrants to America. This paper supplies relevant statistics and data pertaining to this specific topic. Recent census reports state that nearly 50% of America's Latino population was born outside the United States. This paper also delves into the large numbers of illegal immigrants residing in America. In 1995, it was reported that Mexicans comprised up to 62% of the illegal immigrant population residing in America. This paper details the main reasons for the influx of Mexicans into America, including the economic disparities and differences in wage structures between the two countries. Due to the lack of economic opportunity in their country of origin, Mexican citizens continue to migrate to the U.S. in unprecedented numbers.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Economic Reasons Responsible for Migration of Mexicans to the U.S.
Reasons of Mexican Immigration to the U.S., Manner of Arrival, Different Experiences They Have to go Through and the Psychological Effects
References
From the Paper
"It is also important that naturalization rates continue to be low for Mexican immigrants compared to other groups currently. Illegal immigration started to take place from 1965 in a tremendous manner. In 1995, as stated in a report, Mexicans comprised up to 62% of the immigrants who came into U.S. by adopting illegal means. Mexican immigration nevertheless cannot be stopped and coping to exist in harmony might be increasingly intricate. Nearly every year recently, the Border Patrol has prevented approximately 1 million immigrants trying to sneak into U.S. employing unlawful means from Mexico. It is normally anticipated that close to 300,000 cross the borders illegally. In case more than 1 million Mexican soldiers infringed the border, Americans will consider it as a major threat to their national security and swing into action they deem fit."
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The Mayan Civilization, 2005.
This paper discusses the history and culture of the Mayan civilization and its influence on today's Guatemalan life.
2,590 words (approx. 10.4 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 78.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Mayans, primarily from the lowlands in the central regions of southern Guatemala, built incredibly sophisticated urban centers, created an astronomical science and mathematics among the most sophisticated in the pre-modern world and established the most developed and complex system of writing in the Americas. The author points out that, because the Mayan cities were used as religious centers for the surrounding rural population and not as a true urban culture, the decline of the cities after 900 A.D. did not involve a colossal social change. The paper relates that customs and traditions of the ancient Maya are still very much a part of the fabric of Guatemalan life, sharing a common ancestral heritage that is expressed in religion, music, dance, foods and social organization.
From the Paper
"Today, the Maya can be found in Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador and the five Mexican states of Tabasco, Chiapas, Campeche, Yucatan and Quintana Roo. There are approximately thirty different indigenous Mayan languages, however, the majority of the Maya also speak Spanish. The present day Guatemalan Mayas have preserved much of their culture and religion. However, there can be found a mixture of Mayan and Western European traditions, an aspect most obvious in religious practices, in which the modern Maya have created their own brand of Christianity, a blend of Catholic tradition and ancient ritual."
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Immigration and the Welfare Mess, 2005.
Discusses issues pertaining to immigration and welfare services in the United States.
928 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This essay discusses some major issues that drive debates around new and existing immigration policies in the United States. The paper also presents aspects of the present immigration policies that may need reform. Because immigration is a function of the push-pull philosophy, the U.S. nation often pulls from nations of those attempting to escape the ravages of war and even war with its country. These are the basics of what create sound immigration policies. The paper argues that the U.S.'s underlying immigration policies are thus influenced by whoever is being pulled or pushed, as well as inherent racist fears against whichever group our nation is creating. The paper further argues that U.S should not be building immigration policies on real or perceived fears.
From the Paper
"Bringing us into the twentieth century, immigration brings to mind a vision of historic Ellis Island and its many pre and post World War mass indoctrinations of new Americans. That vision does not seem to be a reality anymore. Our nation's immigration policies are far too often fueled by fears and racism. For example, many immigration and naturalization policies in the early 1900's were obvious attempts to restrict the civil rights of new immigrants and certain social or ethnic groups - Germans, for instance, had obvious difficulties immediately during and after World War I with restrictive laws such as the 1917 espionage Act, the 1918 Sedition Act, and a draft of the Civil Service Act."
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Chicano-Mexican Civil Rights, 2006.
This paper reviews and analyzes "Chicano! The History of the Mexican American Civil Rights Movement" written by Francisco A. Rosales.
956 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper details the content of Rosales' book which uses testimonies from the past in the form of personal narratives, as well as historical documentation of the often difficult relationship between Mexico and America. The author contends and explains why it's imperative for America to right old wrongs and for Caucasians, Chicanos and Latinos across the nation to become more active in securing greater recognition and political enfranchisement for Chicano workers. This paper examines and details the prejudices chronicled in the book that still resonate today. Rosales' book is structured along four basic parts, which chronologically illustrates the Chicano movement. Part 1 explores the beginnings of the Chicano movement and its place in Mexican-American history. Part 2 reviews the birth of the Chicano civil rights struggle and its association with Cesar Chavez. Part 3 discusses the urban dimension to the struggle for Chicano rights. Part 4 describes the creation of the La Raza Unida Party and its impact on political power and rights.
From the Paper
"Part 4, "Fighting for Political Power," concludes the book. It describes the creation of La Raza Unida Party as a third party force for political power and the importance of political rights. But the 1972 election and the Raza Unida convention of that year resulted in an eventual fragmentation of the party at the height of its membership and recognition, and unfortunately drew the first chapter of the Chicano movement to kind of a close, as older alliances began to drift away, and the American nation as a whole began to lose interest in some of its political concerns. After the Vietnam War wound down, many Americans became less politically interested and mobilized."
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Inequality in Ethnic and Racial Relationships, 2006.
An examination of the impact of racism on American attitudes toward minorities and immigrants.
1,520 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper explores how racism in America has affected public opinion toward immigration and minorities. The paper begins with a discussion of America's historic support for immigration and then argues that this support has been corrupted by racism. The paper also cites statistics about demographic changes in the U.S. over the past several decades, examining how certain minority populations have actually grown to be nearly on par with the Caucasian majority in some places. This realignment, according to the paper, has challenged some of the deeply-rooted notions of what it means to be in a majority, which, in turn, has sparked a new wave of racism from previously more tolerant quarters. The pain concludes by studying recent research efforts to to explore the structural roots of inequality in America, focusing on a Rhode Island study on the tension between strong individual rights promised to U.S. citizens and ethnic or racial discrimination against African-Americans and other minority groups.
From the Paper
"The paradox of a US national identity involves multiple contradictions, such as citizenship rights promised to US citizens in contrast with differential group discrimination; of external and internal forms of racism with and through one another accepting and excluding certain categories of citizens; of civic and ethnic nationalisms that respond to the established but unstable two-faced US national identity; the combined change and continuity that has allowed American society to constantly and repeatedly transform while retaining a deeply entrenched racial hierarchy; and a deeply gendered or masculine American family ideal that constructs and hides these contradictions, at the same time. Addressing these inconsistencies, inequalities and contradictions requires listening to those with different interpretations of how it is to be treated "like one of the US national family" but actually excluded from that US national family altogether. It will mean finding a way to reconfigure that long-standing relationships among race, ethnicity and that idealized US national identity as well as working to reclaim the language of family in the process."
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Brazil, 2006.
An assessment of Brazilian demographic trends over the past century.
1,000 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes Brazilian demographic trends and the factors that influence them, such as fertility rates, life expectancy and migration. The paper shows how over the past century Brazil's population and life expectancy have grown, while many of its citizens have migrated to urbanized areas, which has drastically reshaped the demographic centers of the country.
Outline:
Introduction
Population
Age Structure
Fertility Rates
Life Expectancy
Infant Mortality
AIDS
Migration
Urbanization
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Most of the Brazilian citizens live in areas along the coastline, compared to the interior region of the country. This has resulted in the "inhabitants becoming very diverse with many races and cultures represented (http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Demographics-of-Brazil)." According to statistics from the United Nations, 10% of the population was undernourished from 1996-1998 (www.un.org). In 2003, the population of the country was more than 177 million. The "population growth rate was 1.46% from 1990-2000, compared to the estimated 0.94% in 2000 (http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Demographics-of-Brazil)." By 2004, according to the CIA factbook, the population had grown to 184,101,109 and had a growth rate of 1.11% (www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/br.html)."
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Chicana Women, 2006.
This in-depth paper examines how culture affects women of Chicana descent and how one's upbringing impacts on their sexuality and sense of self worth.
3,426 words (approx. 13.7 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 97.95
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Abstract
The writer of this well-researched paper asks and answers the following questions: What obstacles have prevented Chicana women from realizing their sexuality and self-importance in the past? How do Chicana women view themselves as members of society in modern culture? What are the most critical factors contributing to a Chicana woman's sense of self and discovery? This in-depth paper delves into the unique hardships faced by Chicana women in recognizing their sense of self-worth and their sexuality. This paper examines the history of Chicana women who grew up in a culture that viewed them as subservient to men. The writer of this paper investigates the history of Chicana women through a comprehensive literature review that focuses on the role Chicana women have depicted in fictional literature, up until the present. This paper discusses the research conducted and analyzes the results which indicate that the role of Chicana women in society is in fact changing for the better. Women are starting to become more independent and realize themselves as independent, sexual and worthy human beings.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Research Questions
Limitations
Literature Review
Factors That Influence Sexuality and Self Worth
Female Sexuality and Self Development in Chicana Culture
Methodology
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"Much of the information available regarding Chicana culture is evident in the form of fictional stories, which depict the Chicana girl or woman as someone who is constantly searching to identify her role, her purpose in society and her sense of self. Other works of fiction address the Chicana as someone reflecting on her life experiences to learn from them. In times of old much of the literature available with regard to Chicana women suggested that women were subordinate, however more recent works suggest that Chicana women are starting to take a more aggressive and assertive role in society, and they are starting to recognize their sexuality and right to be sexual, alive, and important human beings."
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Gentrification and Displacement, 2005.
This paper is a literature review studying the effect of gentrification and displacement on urban Latino families.
2,950 words (approx. 11.8 pages), 20 sources, MLA, $ 87.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses that as neighborhoods change, some residents leave willingly to find a better home, others leave because they no longer wish to live in a neighborhood that may have been decimated by drugs and crime as the more affluent people moved out and those from a lower economic position move in. The author points out that Latinos are particularly vulnerable to displacement, one way or another, by the flight of European Americans to the suburbs; nonetheless, sometimes Latinos who are high on the economic ladder who are among the first to leave. The paper relates that redeveloping these neighborhoods is often accomplished through gentrification, which, unfortunately, often drives housing prices up, displacing great numbers of residents particularly Latinos, who can no longer afford to live where they had settled.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Literature Review
Chicago/West Town Studies
Latino Displacement
Gentrification in General
From the Paper
"Hudspeth specifically considered West Town in a 2003 case study. She noted that "what has happened in West Town is almost a 'textbook case' of the gentrification process...West Town was a low-income Latino neighborhood in the 1960s and 1970s." Gentrification began in the late 1970s, a the area attracted artists, and middle and upper income professionals as well as historic preservationists; most of these people were white, not Latino. Perhaps what is most interesting about the Hudspeth study is that it seems to ratify Betancur's conclusions: it is the better off Latinos who exit first. West Town lost 1,180 of its existing families between 1990 and 2000. At the same time, it gained 2,088 non-poor families."
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Dominican President Juan Bosch, 2005.
This paper discusses the life and work of Dominican President Juan Bosch.
2,760 words (approx. 11.0 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 82.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Juan Bosch, a leader who played a central role in shaping the modern Dominican Republic, a teacher of politics to generations and a prolific writer of works of fiction, history and politics, who was known for his humanism and as an advocate of democracy. The author points out that Bosch got deeply involved in Cuban politics and even became personal secretary to President Carlos Prio Socarras, which led to his having to flee Cuba in 1952 when Fulgencio Batista overthrew Prio. The paper stresses that Juan Bosch was first and foremost a humanist, who was interested in all aspects of human interest and welfare as clearly reflected in his writings that did not merely dwell on the miserable plight of the rural poor but also reflected on the materialism and hypocrisy of the upper classes.
Table of Contents
Childhood Influences
Early Adulthood
Years in Exile
Juan Bosch, the Writer
Juan Bosch, the Political Leader
From the Paper
"Yet, Bosch suffered the perception that he had pro-communist leanings at several points in time. In fact, he was even jailed in Cuba in July 1952, with Communist leaders. In jail, the communists tried to get him to work on behalf of the Guatemalan regime, but he told them "he was an anti-communist out of conviction...and that therefore he could not be bought." This incidence is very revealing in so much that it proves that Juan Bosch was a person with integrity and had the courage of his convictions. More important, it reveals that while Bosch may have been concerned with the problems of the rural class and working poor, he did not believe that communism could solve their problems. On the contrary, he was a firm believer in democratic principles, which is reflected very clearly in his writings as well as in the decisions he took during his long political career."
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Neo-Liberalism in Chile, 2006.
This paper examines the "The Chilean Miracle," which is basically Chile's ability to escape the hyperinflation and stagnation suffered by many of its Latin American neighbors.
852 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper details the neo-liberal economic reforms that took root in Chile during the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet, which continue to this day. Chile's experimentation with neo-liberal ideas started in the 1960s when a group of Chileans, who had studied economics in Chicago, who returned to implement what they learned. The writer of this paper details the five cardinal points of neoliberal economics which Pinochet was determined to embrace. The market was to rule supreme, unrestrained by the intervention of government or labor unions. To reduce government interference in the market and reduce government debt, the government withdrew itself from many social welfare programs. This paper analyzes Pinochet as a leader who was able to manipulate institutional changes in his favor, while simultaneously convincing the public that he was acting on their behalf. The writer contends that although democratic principles continue to lag in Chile today, the nation's economic system continues to thrive under a neoliberal, capitalist regime.
From the Paper
"One might state that need not condone the horrors of the Pinochet regime, to grant that some economic successes did result from his policy, and that the reforms may have been necessary. In concrete policy terms, this change enabled an opening of Chile's economies to the world through free trade. Tariffs were reduced and there was an elimination of state-sponsored subsidies of inefficient businesses, combined with an opening of capital markets, relaxation of restrictive labor laws, a reduction in public employees, privatization of state-owned enterprises and changes in formerly inflexible currency regimes and foreign exchange policies. It is unlikely that such sweeping and foreign domestic reforms could have been accomplished so quickly, and been sustained in the 1990's in the absence of a military regime."
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