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Women and Disabilities, 2008.
A review of the book "Past Due: A Story of Disability, Pregnancy and Birth" by Anne Finger.
808 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the autobiography of Anne Finger "Past Due: A Story of Disability, Pregnancy and Birth" which articulates an excellent example of a writer who is a disabled activist. The paper explains that the disabled woman offers forceful insight within the disability system in terms of a situated theory. The paper looks at how Ms. Finger shows extreme sarcasm in her words when explaining how she acquired polio. The paper also explores Ms. Finger's various attitudes towards abortion. In conclusion, the paper shows that Ms. Finger poses reproductive rights entangled by a myriad of social construct and these social constructs are categorized through personal experiences, feminism, selective abortion rights and aggressive politics. The paper also notes, however, that there is an uncertainty of obligation that is questioned by Ms. Finger throughout her memoir that lacks stability.
From the Paper
"There are several examples of opinions, which make Ms. Finger furious and/or hostile in regards to abortion, parental choice, disability, and of course politics. For example, Ms. Finger takes a reactive stand against anti-abortion. Yet, within her text, confusion seems to be set in place in terms of "the right to privacy" and "parental choice" (Finger, 25). If a woman chooses to abort a child for whatever reason, it would be considered a parental choice. In a similar sense, if a disabled woman chooses to abort a child for whatever reason knowing that the child would be disabled; isn't this considered a parental choice as well. Why would the disabled woman choice be different from the nondisabled woman?"
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Constitutionality of Same-Sex Marriage, 2008.
This paper discusses whether the denial of same sex-marriage is unconstitutional.
820 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 13 sources, APA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer examines the constitutionality of bans on same-sex marriage. The writer reports on the analytic framework at issue in a case litigating constitutionality of an issue of this nature, and reports on decisions in recent cases from courts in Vermont, Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey, and California. The writer concludes that there have been differing interpretations on this issue, but the majority of courts have ruled that there is no fundamental right to same-sex marriage, so that the ban on same-sex marriage is not unconstitutional.
From the Paper
"On the other hand, if the right does not affect a fundamental right, and is based on a non-suspect classification, it will be upheld so long as it reflects a "rational classification." Fundamental rights include those in the bill of rights. Suspect class is generally limited to race."
"Thus: is the right to marry a same-sex partner fundamental? The Supreme Court, in Loving v. Virginia, 388 U.S. 1 (1967), called marriage a fundamental right -- for a heterosexual couple.
"State courts to date have reached different conclusions. Massachusetts ruled marriage is a fundamental right, upholding same-sex marriage under the state constitution in Goodridge v. Department of Public Health (2003). (Grossman; Burge) In that case, a trial court ruled that the purpose of marriage was procreation."
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Gun Control, 2008.
A look at the social issue of gun control in the USA.
1,053 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the power and control possession of a gun can give a person and how, although guns or weapons might have been necessary in the past for self defense, today the need for guns cannot be supported by such antiquated circumstances. The author maintains that as long as the philosophy of owning a gun equals power, guns will be a negative inclusion in the social order and one that must be controlled in order to protect every person effectively.
From the Paper
"In Roald Dahl's story "The Swan" the characters of Ernie and Raymond are consumed by the power that they believe a .22 caliber rifle allows them to have. Consequently, the characters loose any sense of the reality that exists around them or the consequences of their actions and they begin to kill any animals that they come into contact with. Additionally, the possession of the gun by Ernie and Raymond suggests to them that they have control over other human beings, which is demonstrated through their torture and attempted murder of Peter (Dahl). While there are those within the social order that suggest that instances such as those described in Dahl's story are rare, the fact is that if there is a tool available to the masses that creates this type of situation for anyone, that tool must be controlled as a means of preventing the innocent from being devastated by the negative outcomes that are possible.
"Wilbur Edel states that the intention of the framers of the Constitution believed that guns were essential to an individual's right to protect his life and property at a time when uncertainty about society was everywhere (69). According to Edel, Thomas Jefferson believed that the gun was a friend to those in society because by carrying it people could "stand tall" with the ability to defend themselves (69). This philosophy provides a basis for the ideology related to guns that exists in society, especially the belief that guns provide power. It should be noted, however, that in Jefferson's time societal philosophies were also connected to honor, virtue and a people that were just beginning to establish them selves as a nation. People hunted for food, explored parts of the country that had not been known and protected themselves against free roaming creatures that would otherwise prevent their existence. When a gun was used as a means of defense against other human beings there was a sense of ethics connected to discharging a firearm, which led most people to refrain from doing so unless there was imminent threat to life because there was no desire to kill the innocent. Therefore, gun use was not as much about power as it was about living and continuing to seek dreams that were connected to the founding of a new civilization."
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Study of Aviation Security using Content Analysis, 2008.
An analysis of two US press releases and how they reflect upon changes in aviation security since 9/11.
2,530 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 76.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the issue of aviation security following the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001. Two communications in the form of press releases from the US Government Accountability Office (GAO) are examined and analyzed to show that aviation security after September 11, 2001 has significantly improved and changed, following the necessary policies that have been put in place. The paper identifies and outlines the changes that have been put in place and provides an objective analysis of the new policy changes after September 11, 2001, so as to use the content analysis to test the hypothesis surrounding aviation security. The paper includes a table showing examples of direct and indirect economic losses from September 11, and a pie chart using content analysis to identify trends regarding the weaknesses of aviation security.
From the Paper
"Aviation security relies heavily on the skill and expertise of personnel. The FAA and aviation industry have realized that there needs to be a reevaluation of airport personnel with specific focus on improving workers aptitudes, increased training, minimize turnover, and better wages GAO, 2006, 1). Dillingham stated that the FAA was implementing a number of actions and plans that addressed these issues directly; they included the development of an integrated action plan, certification programs which enhance training, and the use of machinery to help increase productivity. Most of these activities have post September 11 implementation dates. TSA training has also increased and changed form after September 11. Major elements of the change include forty (40) hours of classroom instruction and sixty (60) hours of on-the-job training, annual proficiency review of screeners, and establishing a basic screener training program, (Berrick, 2006, p 5). Again, these policy changes support the hypothesis being examined."
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Aviation Security, 2007.
This paper uses content analysis to examine the issue of aviation security following the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001.
2,165 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, using content analysis to test the hypothesis surrounding aviation security, two press releases from the Government Accountability Office website were examined for common terms and references to aviation security measures. The author points out that this methodology focused on how the communications referred to aviation security and how frequently mention was made of changes in specific responses to the September 11 attacks. The author relates that this analysis identified that aviation security was breached due to inherent flaws in the system. The paper states that content analysis revealed that the current decentralized system with different parties responsible for various elements of aviation security is not optimal. The author stresses that terrorism is seen as unethical and politically illegitimate because its political aim is to kill the innocent. The paper includes a table and a graph.
Table of Contents
Introduction: Scope of the Study and the Uses of Content Analysis
Weaknesses of the Aviation Security: Using Content Analysis to Identify Trends
Aviation Security Current Position and Challenges Ahead: Content Analysis as a Prediction Mechanism
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) lax security measures, that had individuals who did not undergo background checks accessing and breaching the security of the air traffic control computer systems. Dillingham also identified that the FAA did not assess and accredit the air traffic control computer systems, perform the appropriate risk assessments to ensure that the computer system that was central to the aviation system was protected, nor did the FAA establish and implement any comprehensive security program."
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Abortion in America: Two Sides of a Simmering Conflict, 2007.
A discussion of the argument between the pro-choice and pro-life supporters in America.
1,124 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the long-debated issue of abortion and explores how the controversy has been portrayed in the mainstream media. The paper highlights one instance wherein Ronald Reagan (a champion of anti-abortion conservatives) is turned into a metaphor for moral hypocrisy - thereby, by extension, tainting his followers as such. The paper also looks at how the bias in the media and the portrayal of both sides is surprisingly fair, but when "emotional" language or prejudicial, "loaded" phrases are used, it tends to be in favor of pro-abortion activists and in opposition to anti-abortion crusaders.
From the Paper
"The argument between the pro-choice and pro-life crowds appears to be essentially one over whether or not a woman has complete domain over the reproductive process (from start to finish) or whether a fetus deserves to be treated as a full-fledged human being with the same right to be secure from bodily injury and death. The parties involved, as one would expect, divide (almost without exception) between conservatives on one side and liberals on the other; it may also be said that those who are religious (such as Christians) are considerably more opposed to abortion than those who are secular in their orientation."
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Peter Singer and Abortion, 2008.
A critical analysis of Peter Singer's views on the conservative position on abortion.
702 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 25.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that Peter Singer's criticism of the conservative position vis-a-vis abortion is not without merit. Specifically, the paper argue that Singer's stance that the unborn are not really human is credible if one recognizes that fetuses (as a general medical rule) cannot survive independent of the mother before at least five months have elapsed. The paper suggests that his arguments are tolerable within tight limitations.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Body of Paper
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Still, while it is easy to sharply criticize Singer for his cavalier attitude towards the unborn, a case can be presented that abortion - and the idea that fetuses are non-human - is tolerable within tight limitations. Specifically, any fetus which is present in the mother's womb before 18-20 weeks is most likely incapable of living outside of the womb; in that sense, it is a part of the mother and, if she so desires, the mother can rid herself of this "part". To put it another way, the fetus is a "bundle of cells" that is clearly not human in even the most generous sense and that makes it, for want of a better term, "disposable". While this writer is not a proponent of abortion as a general rule, it seems intuitive that something incapable of life outside the mother is therefore incapable of being considered a person in the same way that a child is a person. Going further, this sort of approach is perfectly in keeping with Singer's own belief that non-rational beings (the severely disabled, the very young) lacking the capacity for independent thought are also undeserving of the title, "human" (though this writer, as noted in a previous paper, finds Singer's argument in this respect disquieting and unethical)."
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BlastGard International and BlastWrap, 2008.
An overview of the company BlastGard International and their product known as BlastWrap.
1,422 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how preventing or lessening senseless carnage caused by terrorism is the mission of a small Florida-based hi-tech start-up company called BlastGard International. It looks at how it produces and markets a bubble wrap-like material that, when lining the inside of a garbage can, will absorb and dissipate a blast from a backpack-size-bomb hidden there in less than one thousandth of a second. Called BlastWrap, the material is actually a patchwork of 2.75-inch compartments stuffed with numerous foamy pellets commonly found in potting soil.
From the Paper
"For a start-up company marketing a first-in-breed new technology, though, what matters more than an array of potential market segments is finding an immediate set of customers. For BlastGuard International, the most promising candidate in this respect is the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD). It allocates almost $100 million annually in the Technical Support Working Group which brainstorms new ideas that might be useful in the war on terrorism. To date, DoD has gone on to invest in such TSWG-sourced ideas as blast-resistant building designs, countermeasures against explosives and weapons of mass destruction, personal-protection equipment, and equipment for military and civilian emergency-response teams for chemical incidents. ("DOD Seeks Technology")"
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Decriminalization of Marijuana, 2008.
This paper argues for the decriminalization of marijuana in the United States.
1,017 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
The paper maintains that marijuana laws are costly and ineffective and its decriminalization will allow for a more judicious allocation of funds. The paper argues that decriminalization will undermine the black market and will not precipitate the increased consumption of the narcotic by young people. The paper concludes that the positives of decriminalization certainly outweigh the negatives.
From the Paper
"To begin with, the marijuana laws in America are costly to enforce and inefficacious. For instance, a July 2005 report revealed that federal spending devoted to enforcing criminal sanctions against marijuana use runs to around $4 billion each year - and yet fails to make any perceptible impact upon the country's perception of, or use of, marijuana. What makes the matter more problematic is the fact that the federal government spends more on enforcing marijuana prohibition than it does on policy formulation or on treatment programs (Hemp Information, para.1). Suffice it to say, any laws which are costly and which have little impact upon a perceived problem should be dramatically altered in their scope and application - or struck down entirely."
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American Mass Media, 2008.
This paper analyzes the conflict of mass media versus the individual ethics of journalism in relation to the War in Iraq.
1,722 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the conflict between mass media organizations and the individual ethics of journalism through the sociological and philosophical views of Max Weber and Aristotle. The paper discusses the capitalistic tendency for mass media to control an "authoritarian" point of view favorable to the American interest in Iraq. The paper focuses on the issue of ethics regarding the lack of an individual's capacity to attain objective news coverage.
From the Paper
"The relative situation in Iraq one now see holds a great lack of overall research into individual perceptions of the War in Iraq, and why journalists tend to look at larger, more sweeping views on the conflict between Americans and Iraqis. In this manner, many mass media journalists seem to focus on the numbers of soldiers involved, the American governments reaction to the war, and other larger macrocosmic focuses that reflect an interest in an American perception, rather than the suffering of the native peoples who have to live through this war. During the coverage of the war, there are often American points of views that define the combat through American perspectives. For instance, journalist George Packer shows an Iraqi woman's point of view and why she wants to side with the Americans."
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Counter-Terrorism Office, 2008.
This paper examines the Counter-terrorism Office of the United States Government - an office which goes by the title, Office of the Coordinator for Counter-Terrorism.
2,468 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 75.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the directives which guide the actions of the Office of the Coordinator for Counter-Terrorism, as well as its strategies and tactics, its various functions and programs and how the office is organized. The paper highlights how much changed in America after 9/11, especially for a government branch devoted to intelligence-gathering and to security. The paper discusses how the Counter-terrorism Office has grown, with its associations with other government agencies, increasingly complex and involved.
From the Paper
"Whatever the criticisms leveled against the Bush Administration's "War on Terror" by its critics, few can dispute that the United States must pursue a forceful policy against terrorist activities if it is to secure its safety at home and abroad. Certainly, recent years have seen a dramatic increase in the attention granted to anti-terror measures and institutions in light of the fact that 9/11 proved, once and for all, that America too is vulnerable to terror assaults. In addition to the heightened interest surrounding the anti-terror tools America had in place prior to 9/11, the last five-and-a-half years has borne witness to the creation of new institutions geared expressly to fighting terrorism - the National Counter-Terrorism Center chief among them."
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Bio-Ethics: Rape and Abortion, 2007.
A discussion of ethics on whether a teenage rape victim should have an abortion.
2,014 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the question of whether or not a 15-year old girl, pregnant courtesy a rape committed by an unknown assailant, should abort the fetus or not. The paper also looks at whether or not the parents of the girl have an ethical obligation to counsel her against the abortion, an ethical obligation to counsel her to have the abortion, or whether they should simply stand aside and let the girl make up her own mind. The paper explains that in addressing this problematic subject, it is essential that some philosophical theories be introduced so as to offer an intellectual framework for the discussion and the paper then examines Kant's deontology (with its emphasis upon the categorical imperative) and the theory of utilitarianism espoused by Jeremy Bentham, John Stewart Mills and others (with its concomitant emphasis upon "proportionality"). In conclusion, the paper shows that a deontological approach to this problem is too inflexible and unyielding and that a better resolution is to apply a proportionality test which recognizes that the harm which would be done to the young girl if the child was brought to term outweighs the argument by others that abortion is unethical.
From the Paper
"In the view of Erin Soros, the fetus arising from a rape becomes, at least for the woman or child who must bear it, a manifestation and reminder of the illegitimate desire of another. Additionally, the fetus is "a physical replacement for the part of herself that was lost through the trauma" (Soros, 1998, p.153). From an ethical stand-point, the woman's body has been violated by another and, to the extent that an abortion can heal the psychic wounds inflicted by rape, a woman is entirely within her prerogatives to demand that the product of sexual violence be excised from her being. For the young girl whose story lies at the heart of this paper, there is a utilitarian component to all of this; to wit, the suffering she would endure, and the displacement within her life which would result, from bringing the child to term outweighs whatever loss might be associated with aborting the fetus - at least that is Erin Soros' view."
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Destruction of Rainforests, 2008.
This paper discusses the environmental problem of the destruction of the rainforests.
1,046 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer maintains that the destruction of the tropical rainforests is one of the biggest global environmental problems that one faces today. Although the rainforests are 'local' and confined to certain areas of the world, their destruction is, nevertheless, a global problem, and this is so for several reasons. The writer explains that first, the rainforests are the lungs of the planet. They absorb carbon dioxide and produce oxygen. Rainforests are also sinks, storage reservoirs of natural substances, in particular of carbon. Finally, the writer notes that rainforests are the only habitats of literally thousands and thousands of plant and animal species. The writer discusses that mist developing countries are attempting to improve and develop their economies and deal with population growth and the rainforests represent valuable natural resources and opportunities for export and foreign revenues. The writer concludes that deforestation can be fought by taking into consideration a broad range of issues and applying a broad range of policies and the sustainable management of forestry as well as agriculture. Further more conservation targets must be set, not just for the rainforests but also for the protection of the species diversity they contain.
From the Paper
"Industrial development is also the reason for deforestation in the Amazon, as the region contains mineral deposits of gold, diamonds and other minerals as well a huge supply of fresh water that could potentially supply much hydroelectric energy. Mining is an environmentally devastating economy in itself and requires additional clearing for road or rail development in order to transport the mined minerals. A cattle ranching is also a source of deforestation exclusive to Latin America, although according to Myers it has been on the decrease. One of the ways to deal with deforestation in the Amazon is to focus on more sustainable means of agriculture and less destructive logging methods as well as reforestation. Extractive reserve is an example given by Chasmer and Perry-Globa, (1998) for a way for more sustainable economic development of the Amazon. Rubber tappers collect small amounts of latex from rubber trees each day, which they sell. The trees are not destroyed. These activities can be extended to other forest products in the Amazon: nuts, fruits and vegetables. However, the biggest problem with preserving the rainforest I countries such as Brazil is the fact that these countries must balance conservation with the need for economic development and foreign capital."
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The Good Ozone and the Bad Ozone, 2008.
An analysis of the problem of tropospheric ozone and the depletion of the good ozone and the reasons for these problems.
1,644 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the ozone and the problems associated with it. It looks at the problem of tropospheric ozone and what causes this problem. It then looks at the problem of ozone depletion and why that is occurring. The paper particularly discusses greenhouse emissions and global warming. Finally, the paper analyzes the issue of the ozone hole and shows how worldwide mobilization of governments and the consequent resolve to deal with and face the issue have made a big difference in finding a solution to the problem at hand.
Table of Contents:
The Good Ozone
The Bad Ozone
From the Paper
"The problem of ozone depletion is an example of an environmental problem that has required a global consensus and a global solution. Nevertheless, the effects of the CFCs will not be so easily overturned, despite the long-term solution. It can serve as a good example of how to effectively deal with environmental problems, and in particular the issue of global warming. The problem of ground the ozone in the troposphere is more an urban problem, which however can be dealt with only through long-term solutions and changes in lifestyle."
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Reconsideration of Abortion Laws, 2008.
An analysis of the problems with the current abortion laws in the United States and an argument in favor of their reconsideration.
1,111 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews the current abortion laws in the United States. It argues that the laws governing abortion need to be tightened considerably. Specifically, the paper argues that rampant abortion in the United States (and throughout the western world) is taking place at a time when more young Americans are needed, not fewer, and where the country is already facing a critical lack of human resources in many areas. It also looks at the potential physical and psychological problems for women who undergo abortions.
From the Paper
"Lastly, there are the physical and psychological effects of abortion. Most notably, there is the definitive risk that an abortion can leave a woman sterile or with other health maladies - especially in nations where medical expertise lag behind the demand for the service (Davanzo & Grammich, 27-28). Suffice it to say, a woman who is rendered sterile in this manner can become deeply depressed (particularly if she is young and childless) and mental illness can follow. As well, it is intuitive to suggest that young women who find themselves inadvertently pregnant and who seek out an abortion may have deep-seated pangs of regret later in life. As a result, American law should - in addition to either restricting or banning outright late-term abortions in all American jurisdictions - pass measures requiring psychological and medical consultations (in addition to spousal and parental notifications) before such a dramatic procedure is undertaken."
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