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Gender Roles, 2006.
An in-depth discussion regarding gender roles in society.
1,622 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews and discusses the issue of gender roles. According to the paper, gender roles are defined as the ways that society expects men and women to act, based upon what society and long standing tradition says is appropriate for men and women. The paper further discusses how these roles have been open to interpretation in recent generations due to a better understanding of gender roles and the realization that each person is unique and, as such, may behave in a unique way in terms of what his/her gender expression might be. The paper also explores various dimensions of the terms and expectations of gender definition in an effort to better understand the topic itself.
Outline:
Abstract
Socially Defined Terms-Masculinity and Femininity
Male Gender Roles- Followed and Violated
Female Gender Roles-Followed and Violated
The End of a War and the Beginning of a Battle
Summary
From the Paper
"When the war concluded and the men returned home, and to their regular jobs, it is true that many women returned to their home maker roles and left the working world behind. For a spirited few, however, the taste of an identity and ability to contribute by working outside of the home was not something that they could simply forget. Rather, many of these women stayed in the workforce, and it is likely that their husbands became the ones staying home. Undoubtedly, this was the case in the households where men returned from World War II too sick or injured to be able to work. Whatever the reason, the gender-shattering working woman was in force and here to stay."
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Women and Abortion, 2006.
A review of women and abortion, as an introduction to women and American politics.
933 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at how the US legislature has been dominated historically by males. The paper then goes on to discuss the issue of women and abortion, reviewing the famous case of Roe vs Wade. The paper concludes with the opinion that the US government is sexist when it comes to the issue of abortion.
From the Paper
"The National Organization for Women (NOW) has a "historical highlight" page on their Web site that gives the dates of important legal watermarks relating to abortion rights and to those who oppose abortions ("pro-life" groups). In 1965, in Griswold v. Connecticut, the Supreme Court nullified a Connecticut statute prohibiting married couples from using birth control pills; not many people today are aware that it was actually illegal in some states for a woman to use birth control - again, we see a sexist situation coming in to play, where men in three-piece suits in state government were deciding what women could do with their bodies and what they could not do with their bodies. The Court ruled that the "right to marital privacy" allows married couples to use contraceptives if they wish to."
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The Stonewall Riot, 2006.
This paper discusses the timing and significance of the Stonewall Riot, which occurred in 1969 in Greenwich Village, New York, when police clashed with the patrons of the Stonewall Inn, a popular gay and lesbian nightspot.
985 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Stonewall Riot soon became a landmark in the Civil Rights struggle because the riot reflected the social climate that people in authority---in this case, the New York City Police---were taking too many liberties with their power and needed to be prevented from abusing that power. The author points out that the riot sent a strong message that the homosexual community would no longer tolerate unfair and unequal treatment in society and demanded equal rights and recognition. The paper relates that the dichotomy between the acceptance of homosexuals by society and the attainment of legal rights for homosexuals is a strange irony, which was one of the underpinnings of the Stonewall Riot and of much of the turmoil for this particular civil rights struggle throughout history.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Timing of The Stonewall Riot
Stonewall Riot as a Landmark in the Civil Rights Struggle
Exceptions to the Rule
Summary
From the Paper
"Research also reveals that there were some exceptions to the social and legal exclusion of homosexuals from the mainstream of early America; these specific examples can be seen in a study of the city of Boston in the early days of the American colonies. Ironically enough, Boston, which in itself would eventually come to stand as an icon in the fight for liberty and justice, valued homosexuals not en masse, but rather welcomed worthy people into society without judging them based on sexual orientation, which is the personification of the rights that would be fought for centuries later at an inn in New York on a summer night in 1969."
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Save Title XI!, 2007.
This paper discusses the legacy of US legislative amendment Title XI, focusing on its effects upon the participation of women in sports.
875 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer points out that when the anti-discriminatory legislative amendment known as Title XI was passed in 1972, many Americans laughed at the idea of women participating in competitive sports at all, much less female sports competing for an equal level of spectator attention and funding at institutions of higher learning. This paper looks at the legacy of Title XI, as today, powerful and positive images of female sports stars such as Venus Williams adorn the covers of magazines, and women everywhere run in marathons, take their daughters to soccer leagues or participate in such leagues themselves, and simply enjoy the delights of hard, physical competitive effort. The writer argues that Title IX must continue to mandate equal funding as without equal funding it will be too easy for colleges and high schools to go back to the old traditions of supporting male sports disproportionately, in comparison to supporting female activities.
From the Paper
"Encouraging women to participate in athletics is not merely an issue of equality in school, or about building champion athletes who can win college championships. It is also an issue of health. As America becomes increasingly concerned about the inactivity of its citizens, encouraging a group of people such as women who have been historically discouraged from being physically active is vital for the well-being of the entire nation. Also, when people compete in athletics, they experience a positive uplift in their sense of self-esteem as well as their physical prowess. Women must see other women, like themselves, participating in sports, rather than simply see images of themselves as spectators on the sidelines to gain this sense of positive esteem."
"Critics of Title XI argue that by requiring institutions of higher learning to provide equal funding and equal opportunities for men and women is not valid, because there is less public interest, amongst both men and women, in collegiate sports."
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Chinua Achebe's "Things Fall Apart, 2006.
This paper discusses the fallacy of tribal life as relating to women and outcasts in Chinua Achebe's novel "Things Fall Apart".
1,390 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, in Chinua Achebe's novel "Things Fall Apart", the cultural traditions of the Umoufia tribe are a representation of human social groups, which date back four thousand years to ancient Mesopotamia. The author points out that a recurring theme in the novel is the use of violence as a means of control over the weaker members of Umoufia society, especially women. The paper relates that this novel describes the customs, traditions and rituals of the tribe used to place woman in the roles of property, spectator, slave and concubine.
From the Paper
"The next paragraph revels that Oknokwo was now satisfied, and able to move on, what of course is lacking is the effect this beating had on the victim and her daughter. Through the reading, we know the mind of the men, and perhaps Achebe would not assume to understand the female point of view and thus leaves it out. This omission of female perspective leaves the issue shrouded in mystery and custom, which appears to be the way Achebe wants it to remain. "
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Short Stories of Human Ignorance, 2006.
A comparison between "The Yellow Wallpaper" by C. P. Gilman and "A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings" by G. G. Marquez.
1,097 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
A discussion regarding the theme of uncivilized behavior due to human ignorance, in "The Yellow Wallpaper" by Charlotte Perkins Gilman and "A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings" by Gabriel Garcia Marquez. According to the paper, in analyzing these short stories we are confronted with two unexplored possibilities in life, as interpreted by the authors and personified by their stories' protagonists.
From the Paper
"As a woman struggling to free and define herself from society's oppressive nature against women, the female protagonist raises many issues which symbolically represents her oppression. Among these issues is the fact that she cannot work because of her condition: "...am absolutely forbidden to "work" until I am well again...Personally, I believe that congenial work, with excitement and change, would do me good." These lines of thought from the protagonist reflect the woman's disagreement on he husband's belief that she needs rest. As a housewife confined mostly at home, the woman yearned to develop herself, to function as an able individual not just in her home but in her society as well. Thus, work became a symbolic manifestation of the woman's yearning for freedom: freedom from the oppressive label of being a housewife, and freedom from being limited and dictated what she needs to do and not do."
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Feminist Jurisprudence, 2006.
A discussion regarding feminist jurisprudence and landmark decisions relating to gender.
1,572 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the topic of feminist jurisprudence. According to the paper, feminist jurisprudence as a philosophy and practical enterprise began in the 1960s. The paper continues saying that the foundation of feminist jurisprudence lies in the struggle for equal rights and against gender discrimination. It is essentially based on the view that societies have shown a tendency towards gender subjugation and discrimination.
From the Paper
"Sexual harassment in the workplace has been the focus of some important legal decisions. The first sexual harassment case in the United States is considered to be Barnes v. Train (1974). Another landmark case which established sexual harassment as a form of sexual discrimination was Williams v. Saxbe, 1976. This case showed that "...when sexual advances by a male supervisor towards a female employee, if proven, would be deemed an artificial barrier to employment placed before one gender and not another. " (Sexual harassment) The issue of sexual harassment was also spelt out by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) which issued various regulations in 1980 and which stated that sexual harassment was in fact a form of gender discrimination that related to the Civil Rights Act of 1964. "
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Feminism in Politics, 2006.
A review of the role of feminism in politics and political science.
1,458 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the major feminist critiques of mainstream political science and the contributions feminism has made to the study of political participation. The paper further attempts to provide an understanding and appreciation of the sphere of influence of feminism on politics.
Outline:
Abstract
Feminist Critiques of Mainstream Political Science
Feminist Contributions to the Study of Political Participation
Feminism's Effect on the Study of Political Participation
Conclusion
From the Paper
"On a strategic level, the advancement of women into the halls of higher learning institutions contributed to political studies from both sides of the classroom in a sense. Female students, now empowered by a clearer sense of political identity and their role in the feminist movement, began to challenge the course content which usually portrayed men as superior in intelligence, nerve, and political ability, thereby making them politically superior to women. Female students also fought for the right to have access to the same educational institutions and resources as their male counterparts (Ali, 2000). Eventually, having earned degrees of higher learning as well as political power, feminists rose to the role of instructor in many educational settings, giving them a pulpit from which to share the practical realities and advantages of feminist thought and practice."
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Bram Stoker's "Dracula", 2007.
A review of Bram Stoker's classic Victorian novel "Dracula", with a focus on its depiction of women.
970 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how, in Bram Stoker's "Dracula", Dracula represents evil and how underlying this evil are the mores of Victorian England, which created stereotypes for women that centered on purity, motherhood and a lack of choice in their sexuality and the rest of their lives. It points out that this novel is often seen as an analogy of the two distinct roles of women in the Victorian society---the mother-wife and the whore. The paper concludes that this novel may be a classic horror tale but reading it from a woman's point of view it is even more frightening.
From the Paper
"Stoker introduces the two women, Mina and Lucy, as chaste and good ladies who hold a decent place in society. Mina is a working class schoolmistress, while Lucy is an upper-class lady of leisure. The most either can hope for in their lives is to marry and become respectable wives and mothers. Lucy writes to Mina, "You and I, Mina dear, who are engaged and are going to settle down soon soberly into old married women, can despise vanity." Thus, Lucy writes what most women felt in Victorian times. Their only goal was to remain true (pure) to one man, raise children, and be seen but rarely heard."
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"Why Marriages Fail", 2007.
An analysis of Anne Roiphe's essay "Why marriages Fail" and the the relationship of the couples in the movie "Notting Hill".
891 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a case study of the couple in the film "Notting Hill", William and Anna, and attempts to analyze whether they will have a successful marriage. The paper focuses on Anne Roiphe's essay "Why marriages Fail" and provides a contextual analysis of the couples in the movie "Notting Hill," directed by Roger Michell, to provide a better insight into the intricacies involved in relationships.
Table of Contents:
Thesis
Introduction
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Most relationships tend to burn out after the initial few months when the attractions that blinded them quickly fades out. In any relationship there would be frictions and problem situations that arise out of nowhere. As Roiphe says the over dependency for intimacy and care on the part of one of the partners may weigh too much on the other partner. For relationships to succeed couples must strike a balance between closeness and individuality. This is only possible if the partners exhibit understanding and are willing to show some sacrifice. William's character shows composure, integrity and commitment. Anna, for her part, though a little quick to react and less composed, (as most famous people are) is still a sensitive woman who respects others feelings and who is in search of true love. Watching the movie one gets the feeling that Anna and William love each other truly and complement each other nicely, and so the relationship should withstand the test of time."
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Post-Breakup Relationships, 2007.
This paper explores the relationships that heterosexual and homosexual couples maintain after they break up.
5,724 words (approx. 22.9 pages), 37 sources, APA, $ 138.95
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Abstract
This literature review examines the relationships maintained by couples after they break up. The paper examines lesbian and gay relationships as well as heterosexual couples. In addition, it seeks to determine whether or not children have an effect on the contact the couple maintains following a relationship that ends. The writer found that very few studies exist on this topic and those that do are somewhat vague in their findings. This points to the need for further research in this area for future development of family therapy theories and outcomes.
Outline:
Introduction
Statistics
Literature
Review
Conclusion
From the Paper
"For many years statistics have been thrown about that included the belief that 50 percent of marriages today, end in divorce. Recently this number has been challenged and the result was a reduction in the percentage of married couples believed to end in divorce. At one point according to the new statistical information provided by the National Center for Health Statistics 43 percent of married couples will end in divorce in America. Even more recently the New York Times published a study that placed the number at 40 percent. While this is encouraging news for engaged hopefuls it still means that out of every 100 couples that get married, only 60 of them will survive the long haul of marriage(Divorce Stats http://www.divorcereform.org/rates.html). "The National Center for Health Statistics recently released a report which found that 43 percent of first marriages end in separation or divorce within 15 years(Divorce Stats http://www.divorcereform.org/rates.html)." "
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The Morning-After Pill, 2007.
This paper discusses the use of the morning after pill, or the emergency contraceptive pill, in the United States.
892 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the use and availability of the emergency contraceptive pill (ECP) in the US. The writer argues in favor of this contraceptive method, citing statistics that demonstrate its need and benefit. Also discussed is recent legislation regarding ECP and FDA approval of various types of this drug. The author also details the confusion and misinformation associated with ECP. The author concludes that emergency contraception pills are a safe and effective method of preventing unplanned pregnancies.
Outline:
Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Background of the Problem
Discussion
Conclusions
From the Paper
"Emergency contraception is commonly known as the morning after pill. The name comes from the fact that these methods of birth control are used after a person has had unprotected sex. Unplanned pregnancies are common around the world and it is believed that 50 million unwanted pregnancies are terminated every year globally. [1]In the United States alone, 1 million and more abortions could be prevented with more widespread use of emergency contraceptives."
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"The Heart and Stomach of a King"--A Review, 2007.
This paper reviews Carole Levin's biography of Queen Elizabeth I entitled "The Heart and Stomach of a King".
1,194 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews Carol Levin's biography of Queen Elizabeth I, which explores issues of gender and politics in addition to Elizabeth's life. The reviewer describes Levin's book as combining historiography with deft historical, psychological, and social analysis. The reviewer expresses appreciation for Levin's use of primary sources, which allow the reader to get a fuller understanding of Elizabeth I. The reviewer concludes by stating that Levin created a scholarly biography of Queen Elizabeth I, placing the Queen in a historical perspective. Levin also showed how Elizabeth crafted her public image in light of prevailing gender norms.
From the Paper
"The scope of Levin's book is extraordinary given its length. For example, the author explores the general issue of image management and public relations through the model of Elizabeth I while at the same time offering readers a synopsis of the Queen's personal and political life. While Elizabeth assumed the "heart and stomach of a king," she simultaneously cultivated an image of ideal femininity. Her ability to blend masculine and feminine traits in her persona and public image were keys to her power and success. In Chapter 6, "Elizabeth as King and Queen," the author shows how the Queen "took on what might be perceived as the male role, certainly the position of power," in her sexual relationships and in her public life. Levin backs up her argument not only with primary source data and evidence but also with allusions to contemporaneous literature, Shakespeare in particular. Shakespeare, although not officially a historian, nevertheless offered poignant social, political, and historical commentary about sixteenth-century England and Europe. Levin refers to Shakespeare to illustrate the prevailing conceptions of gender, gender roles, and gender-bending in sixteenth-century England. Placing Elizabeth I into perspective and incorporating social and political context into the Queen's life emerges as one of the main strengths of Levin's work. The author achieves a strong contextualization of Elizabeth through an examination of contemporaneous gender roles and norms. Thus, Shakespeare becomes a valid window with which to view Elizabethan-era British society."
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Clara Barton, 2007.
This paper examines the life of Clara Barton and looks at her work in the field of nursing.
2,269 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer covers the life and work of Clara Barton. The writer discusses how Barton risked her life for others offering medical care on the battlefield. Further, the writer notes her work for the American Red Cross. The writer points out Barton's devotion and commitment to humanitarian relief. The writer maintains that dedication was perhaps her greatest asset when it came to successful leadership. The writer concludes that it is through reviewing Barton's life, and understanding her leadership skills, that nurses can better discover how to become leaders themselves.
Outline:
Abstract
Early Personal History and Career
Clara Barton and the Civil War
Barton Goes to Europe
Barton and the Ratification of the Geneva Convention
Barton and the Early American Red Cross
Barton's Successful Leadership
References
From the Paper
"When the Civil War erupted, Barton was in Washington. As she had proven many times in her life, prior to this point, Barton was not one to sit idly by. She was determined to actively assist the Union. In the beginning, Barton gathered and distributed supplies for the Massachusetts troops that were stationed in Washington. However, by the second year of the war, the tales of hardship and misery on the frontlines, led her to request permission to go to the battlefield. Thanks to the support of prominent Republicans, Barton was given permission to go to the front, from a reluctant War Department."
"Barton's first battlefield experiences at Culpepper and Fairfax Station, Virginia shocked her. She personally took charge of the medical and supply gap for the next three years."
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Feminist Therapy and Postmodern Approaches, 2007.
An analysis of the basis of feminist therapies and the post-modern approaches to therapy.
1,439 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses feminist therapists. It discusses the ways in which gender has shaped the lives and experiences of the people these therapists treat in order to understand how the gender role has expected them to develop and deal with stress, race, class, sexual orientation, age cohorts and abilities. It then discusses post-modern approaches which are non-traditional therapies that do not rely on diagnostic labels and therapies that disdain the medical model.
Table of Contents:
Feminist Therapy
Postmodern Approaches
From the Paper
"The desire to treat both men and women as equals in the therapy relationship is crucial to the success of the therapy and this is the benefit that this type of therapy offers. Not only is the client seen as equal to others in her or his milieu, but equal to the therapist. As such, it is unusually well-suited as a framework for understanding trauma and interpersonal violence because much of such violence occurs as a result of people's positions of relative powerlessness in the social realm. In Working With Men Survivors of Trauma and Abuse, Dr. Laura S. Brown demonstrated her approach to therapy with men who have been abused or suffered trauma in the past. In a taped session she worked with a 30-year-old man who was physically abused as a child. Dr. Brown was able to begin the process of helping this man to feel safe enough to trust another person. (Brown 2006)"
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