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Journalism vs. Sensationalism, 2006.
This paper analyzes the decline in newspaper readership as well as the issue of real journalism versus sensationalistic reporting of the news.
2,314 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper presents a critical analysis on the decline of newspaper readership. This paper details the statistics, the attempts by newspapers to attract readers by turning to sensationalism and the opinions of experts in the field about how to increase readership. The writer also proposes an ethical solution to the problem that avoids sensationalism, yet, still provides the readers with what they want. Newspaper readership has declined. It has a tremendous amount of competition to overcome. Maintaining strong ethics, targeting the young adult and providing more investigative, celebrity and health and fitness news are all ways that readership can be increased and maintained. This paper discusses the issue of ethics in journalism while comparing it to the recent popularity of sensationalistic reporting. This paper also delves into electronic newspapers on the internet and their impact on readership.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Readers' Needs and Wants
Solution
Conclusion
Works Cited
From the Paper
"The ethical question of using sensationalism to attract readers continues to be asked. Are newspapers simply giving readers what they want to keep their attention, or are they stepping over an ethical line in a desperate attempt to maintain their readership? It is a question that is debated nationwide in the industry. A few years ago, rag news such as the National Enquirer and the Star were laughed at by "real" journalists. Today however, "real" journalists find themselves in a position of having to lean more toward celebrity gossip and sensationalized stories to attract readers to their work."
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Cultural Values and Personal Ethics, 2006.
A reflection on the compatibility of the 'work on a Monday,' after 'church on a Sunday' lifestyle.
1,281 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses the problem of how people can relate their personal values and personal ethics to the ethics of the marketplace. The paper focuses specifically on the Catholic religion and those that worship in the Catholic church . The paper attempts to answer the question of how one connects worship on Sunday to work on Monday. More specifically, the paper looks at how Catholics can carry the best values of their faith into family life, the marketplace and the public square.
From the Paper
"Thomas Baker of the Catholic Journal Commonweal noted in 2002 "In the Catholic Church we've had several generations to live with Vatican II's reminder that what we do with our working lives has ultimate significance." (Baker, 2002) In other words,one's value system does not stop at the foyer of one's office building. One should not impose one's values upon ones fellow workers and employees, but even if one wished to, one could not hang up one's Catholicism with one's outside jacket, or store away one's values along with one's umbrella on a sunny day. "But" Baker continues, "there aren't many signs that church programs, preaching, or parishes have found effective ways to get that message across." (Baker, 2002)"
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Human Nature, 2006.
This paper explores the issue of human nature and focuses on the views and theories of philosophers Thomas Hobbes and David Hume.
2,540 words (approx. 10.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 76.95
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Abstract
The writer of this well-researched paper defines human nature as the full scale of human behavior that is believed to remain constant for long periods in time and does not differ in the context of the various cultures that are seen in the world. This paper examines various theories on human nature, in which each possesses a distinctive view on the subject, including that of Plato. According to Plato, there is an intellectual soul that is resident in the brain of an individual. This paper analyzes the topic of human nature by focusing on the opinions and theories of Thomas Hobbes and David Hume. Thomas Hobbes is considered one of the individuals responsible for the transition from the medieval way of thinking to the modern thought process in Great Britain. This paper touches on Hobbes' book "Leviathan" and his views on human nature which are very clear. Hobbes' conception of human nature is a mechanistic one. Hobbes contends that the study of the movements of the physical bodies would prove to be enough in explaining all that goes on in the universe. Hume's approach to human nature differs from that of Hobbes. Hume contends that we, as humans, can only make inferences on what would happen in the future by what we have experienced in the past. The writer contends that Hume progresses from there to say that we would be incorrect to believe that this knowledge and experience of the past is enough to justify what would happen in the future.
Table of Contents:
Hobbes
Limitations in Hobbes' View of Human Nature
Hume
Ethics of Reciprocity
References
From the Paper
"There have been several theories that have been put forward on human nature and each of them possesses a distinctive view on human nature. The earliest views on human nature of substance come from Plato, whose thoughts on life were influenced by Socrates. In the view of Plato there is an intellectual soul that is resident in the brain of an individual and an appetitive beast that is to be found in the belly and genitals of the individual. The role of the former was in keeping the latter in check and over a period of time escape from this uncomfortable cohabitation by welcoming death. This dualist theory of Plato did have immense on the thoughts on human nature and that time and this influence can be seen in Christian theology with the Gospel of John. The extension of these beliefs of Plato on human nature had their influence on Descartes and led him to formulate the theory that man is made up of a soul that thinks and a body that is an extension of it."
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Ethics and Irish Business, 2005.
Examines pertinent ethical issues facing businesses operating in Ireland.
1,036 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
There are many ethical considerations that must be addressed when an organization conducts business in a foreign country. In Ireland, there are some very specific ethical issues that a foreign corporation might deal with upon commencing business - with the three most important ethical considerations revolving around religion, the possibility of terrorism and sectarian violence. These ideas are explored in this paper.
From the Paper
"Ireland is also a predominately Catholic nation, so marketing things that are contrary to the teachings as practiced by a majority of people may cause ethical issues. Thus religion is a third ethical issue related to conducting business in Ireland. In Ireland as in any other country there are cultural differences between nations that have to be acknowledged and respected (Dineen & Garavan, 1994). Businesses conducting relations within Ireland can not simply rely on their own institutional framework, but rather have to adapt to those that are predominant in the country they are doing business in (Dineen & Garavan, 1994)."
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Animal Testing, 2005.
Examines the ethical questions regarding the issue of animal testing.
3,778 words (approx. 15.1 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 104.95
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Abstract
Around the globe, animals are utilized to test products ranging from shampoo to new cancer drugs. Each and every short of medication applied is first tested on the animals. Animals were also applied to develop anesthetics to alleviate human ailments and suffering during surgery. The paper shows that, currently, questions have been raised about the ethics of this usage. Several regulations have been devised and legislated to evaluate and control the application animals in all fields of studies, with the objective of ensuring that such research is carried out in a humanely and ethical manner. The paper show that acceptance of such experimentation is subject to heavy debate.
Paper Outline:
Introduction
Arguments for Testing
Arguments against Testing
My Stance (Author's Point of View)
Conclusion
Works Cited
From the Paper
"Government and humanitarian agencies have financed researches into the substitutive strategies since the 1960s. (Animal Experiments) Revlon Cosmetics was considered premier in this line to finance research studies for substitutions with a grant of $750,000 to the Rockefeller University in 1979. Several agencies like the John Hopkins Center for the Alternatives to Animal testing - CAAT, the International Foundation for Ethical Research, the Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association, and the Soap and Detergent Association followed the trend and initiated their own projects in justifying the alternatives. (Animal Testing Alternatives) During the last 15 years, Germany has granted about ?4.2 million per annum in research grants, while the annual expenditure of Netherlands in this regard is ?1.4 million."
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Wal-Mart, 2006.
A look at ethical issues facing Wal-Mart, the largest retail company in the world.
1,545 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses some of Wal-Mart's business practices and how they are in violation of international ethical standards. More specifically, the paper discusses Wal-Mart's use of child labor and their practice of not paying sufficient wages to company employees.
From the Paper
"According to United Food and commercial Workers (UFCW) Wal-Mart manufactures its products in 48 countries around the globe (Wal-Mart and Sweatshops). The organization reports that Wal-Mart has 1,107 international operations (Wal-Mart and Sweatshops). The organization also reports that some workers in Bangladesh receive less than nine cents an hour making shirts for Wal-Mart Stores (Wal-Mart and Sweatshops). In addition, some of the conditions that are present in foreign factories include pregnancy testing, locked restrooms, forced overtime, denying workers access to health care, and firing and blacklisting workers that attempt to defend their rights (Wal-Mart and Sweatshops)."
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Immanuel Kant, 2006.
This paper examines the philosophy of Immanuel Kant, considered one of the most influential thinkers of modern Europe and an expert on moral enlightenment.
1,479 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the views of philosopher Immanuel Kant. This paper details Kant's opinion that an epistemological approach to metaphysics would lead to the development of universally valid moral laws. The writer of this paper describes the philosopher's desire to create a more scientific system of pure moral principles which led him to reject all considerations of empirical concepts or conditions. This paper also discusses Kant's belief that human moral conduct should be guided and measured by pure reason, which alone could be made to account for the intrinsic worth of moral actions. The writer also touches on Kant's skepticism about human sincerity which led him to take into consideration the role that environment plays in molding and influencing human conduct.
From the Paper
"Interestingly, Kant did take into consideration the conflict between the ideal of a moral world that is guided by pure reason and the natural world. Indeed, this is evident in his observation that the success of the idea of a moral world in influencing the world of sense would depend on "the condition that everyone does what he ought to do, i.e., the condition that all actions of rational beings occur as they would if they sprang from a supreme will." However, for Kant, the ultimate goal of a moral world was still an idea worth pursuing because it possessed the ideal of human conduct being "worthy of happiness." In other words, Kant was of the view that the idea of such a moral world could influence and develop human reason, and thereby lead to the highest ontological perfection as a principle of systematic unity, which would connect all things according to universal and necessary laws."
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Terri Schiavo, 2006.
An overview of the controversy of the Terri Schiavo euthanasia case.
1,240 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
Terri Schiavo was a 41 year old seriously handicapped woman from Florida who was the center of controversy by two major religious, judicial and legislative efforts: one to continue her life and the second one to permit her to die. This paper argues that stopping her life-sustaining treatment can be considered a sheer injustice and was also irrelevant to forbid her a feeding tube, water and not even ice to be used for her dry lips, as she was alive.
From the Paper
"In an affidavit sworn by Heidi Law who was a certified nursing assistant who had taken care of Terri in 1997, revealed that Terri had spoken words of as, 'Hi', 'Momma', and 'Help Me'. Terry was seen to have been lighted up when she heard her mom's voice and initiated with a huge grin and laugh, by attempting to talk. Heidi Law has further revealed that Terri was mostly in a 'cold sweat' and silent for longer period after meeting her husband. Terry was seen to laugh quietly when she paid attention to stories; she respected baths, had the desire to have her hair combed, was attracted towards sweet-smelling lotions and soft night gowns and it was clear that she had great regards for her mother and considered her the most adored person in the world. "
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Ethical Imperatives in the 21st Century, 2006.
This paper reviews and critiques the issue of morality and ethics in politics as depicted in Louis C. Gawthrop's book "Public Service and Democracy: Ethical Imperatives for the Twenty-First Century."
893 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the lack of morals and ethics in the political arena. The writer of this paper views morality as not something bad or improper, but rather as a decisive force in how one behaves. In his book "Public Service and Democracy: Ethical Imperatives for the Twenty-First Century," Louis C. Gawthrop argues for a government whose workers adhere to ethics and morals for the good of the country. This paper details each chapter in Gawthrop's book, including Chapter Two, in which Gawthrop is concerned with hypocrisy and pretense in the government. In Chapter Four, the author proposes his vision for a moral bureaucracy. Chapter Five consists of a specific example of how a part of the government bureaucracy can successfully employ the three virtues of faith, hope and love.
From the Paper
"The development of public administration is the topic of chapter three. In particular, Gawthrop views the development of bureaucracy as exemplified by the development of the bureaucracy in the executive branch of the government. There is little detailed provision for bureaucracy in the Constitution, but there is an awareness in it that a bureaucracy will be needed. Gawthrop argues that with the development of bureaucracy comes demands for both "administrative responsibility and accountability." In chapter four, Gawthrop proposes his vision for a moral bureaucracy. A sense of public service has existed for thousand of years. Service should be for the greater good, and not for one's own purposes. awthrop argues that the values that should motivate bureaucracy are less responsibility and accountability than "faith, hope, and love."
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Anti-trust Enforcement, 2006.
Examines whether anti-trust laws are a help or a hindrance to the economy.
2,830 words (approx. 11.3 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 84.95
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Abstract
Trusts are viewed as competition destroyers which attempt to control the market for a product. Anti-trust laws arose out of the abuse of such trusts and these laws persevere to this day. This paper questions whether the government's enforcement is executed when the economic climate is right or whether the enforcement is occurring at regular intervals. It also questions whether certain corporations, like Microsoft, are unwitting targets of the government. The overall question in this paper is whether the enforcement of anti-trust laws harms American competition. The response lies in the history of anti-trust laws, the enforcement of such laws and the meaning of competition within economic understanding.
Paper Outline:
Introduction
The History of Anti-trust Laws
The Sherman Anti-Trust Act (1890)
The Clayton Anti-Trust Act (1914)
The Federal Trade Commission Act (1914)
Robinson-Patman Act (1936), Celler-Kefauver Act (1950) and The Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976
Competition
Enforcement
Has the Microsoft Anti-trust Case Helped or Hindered American Competition?
Has the Hart-Scott-Rodino Act Helped or Hindered American Competition?
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In 1911, two decades after the Sherman Act was passed, the U.S. Supreme Court found that the Standard Oil Company and the American Tobacco Company exerted unlawful monopolistic authority. This was the first major court decision since the Act was passed. The two mentioned companies were forced to dissolve into smaller firms that would compete against each other. The courts have not been consistent when interpreting the meaning of monopoly power under the Sherman Act either."
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Surrogate Motherhood, 2006.
This paper analyzes and gives insights on whether there is anything intrinsically immoral with the act of surrogate motherhood.
2,733 words (approx. 10.9 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 81.95
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Abstract
This paper examines all of the moral and emotional issues surrounding surrogate motherhood. The author explains the different definitions of surrogacy from donation of sperm to egg donation to traditional surrogacy. He examines the ethical issues involved in surrogacy and if it can be considered as a moral or an immoral act from the perspective of the surrogate. The author cites examples of court cases that support surrogacy. He also examines how surrogacy has become a legal practice in many Western countries. In conclusion the author states his opinion that the existing laws and public policies regarding surrogacy and surrogate arrangements were created and established primarily for the purpose of justifying the end and existence of surrogate motherhood.
From the Paper
"Those who advocates the practice of surrogacy claims that it is a moral and just act since people who are burdened by the frustration of not being able to procreate are actually being addressed. With surrogacy, infertile couples are actually provided the joys of parenthood. Likewise, it is also said that surrogacy does not necessarily have to be equated with money. With the aid of laws and existing public policies regarding it, it is also claimed that the possibility of commercialization and the development of a market for it can be controlled and at the same time
access to the said reproductive technology is made possible for anyone who would like to avail it (http://www.debatabase.org)."
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"Anti-Christ Superstar", 2006.
An examination of the character of Marilyn Manson, more commonly known as the "Anti-Christ Superstar".
1,475 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
In this paper the author examines the character of Marilyn Mason, who is more commonly known as the "Antichrist Superstar". He looks at how Mason has created uproar in the religious as well as secular community. The controversy behind his messages have caused local legislators and religious leaders to ban him from ever performing in any public edifices in their state. He examines why some parents would rather lock their children in their rooms when he is in town than have them go to one of his concerts. The author gives examples of some of the heinous acts that Mason has performed and looks into the psychological thinking behind them and why teenagers like him so much. In conclusion, the author communicates that when faced with issues that are so controversial, it is difficult for the human community not to let emotions of anger and rage overtake but it is important not to condemn the sinner and condone the sin. The author suggests that in order to help the teenagers of today and people who might turn out to be society's next Marilyn Manson, we must start at an early age to keep our children on a correct path by stimulating children in the right way morally, ethically, psychologically and spiritually.
From the Paper
"Psychologically, this is an understandable theory. Every generation had its role model of rebellion; James Dean, Prince, and Madonna are only a few. But, we are not talking about rebels without a cause, strange clothes, or a person who has the Virgin Mary's name yet does not act anything like her namesake. We are discussing behaviors that most likely stem from psychological problems. Dr. Weidman agrees by adding that, "To today's parents, someone like Manson, with the Satanic content of his music, is much scarier than Elvis' gyrations or the Beatles' long hair were to our parents," (Ransom, pg.2). Mark Gilman, host of On the Mark a Christian radio station says Manson is "cynically preying on depressed, nihilistic teens," (Ransom, pg.2)."
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Whistle-Blowing in the Nursing Profession, 2006.
This brief, yet concise, paper examines the moral and ethical side of the nursing profession.
993 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper stresses that nurses have a moral and ethical obligation to disclose potentially serious medical mistakes to their patients. The patient has the right to know if an error has occurred and how that error could affect their medical care. While nurses are in fear of losing their jobs, they are obligated morally to put their personal job security aside and speak up with they see that there is a potential problem with a patient's healthcare. Morally, nurses should also speak out when they see a potential administrative problem. This paper contains relevant statistics regarding errors in medical care to patients.
From the Paper
"Nurses are obviously afraid to tell when they are the cause of or witness a mistake. They fear for their jobs and they fear lawsuits. However, there is a moral obligation to tell. The Bible tells us that the "truth will set you free." Nurses will undoubtedly have some feelings of guilt if they don't tell the truth. It is possible to feel burdened with the knowledge that someone has been seriously injured or have even died due to a mistake that is the fault of the nurse in question or another. In addition to moral issues, it's important for nurses to reveal mistakes so that the medical industry and politicians know the conditions in which nurses work. They must fully get a picture of the dangers of having over-worked medical professionals and hospitals that are seriously short staffed."
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Ethics, 2005.
This paper discusses educating children in ethical behavior.
1,130 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that parents should begin at the earliest age possible to teach their children to be honest, caring and responsible adults. Teachers should reinforce these teachings as soon as a child enters the first year of formal education. The author stresses that by the time a child reaches school age, which in the U.S. is as young as four years old for pre-kindergarten classes, children should have a beginning understanding of basic morals. The paper underscores that, if children do not lean to treat others with compassion and to understand that their actions affect the feelings of others, then they have not received a basic education, just as not learning to read.
From the Paper
"Three to five year-olds begin to parrot friends and television characters. Some of the things they pick up may be unacceptable to the parent, and this must be explained to the child bottle, blanket, or other comforting object of their own to a sibling in pain. They are acknowledging what they detect in others and using the things that comfort them to comfort another person. Some parents are surprised when a very young child tries to comfort a brother or sister in this way, when they should realize that the child has learned, from watching them, to offer comfort to another person."
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A Utilitarian Essay, 2006.
This paper defines the utilitarian philosophy while discussing its moral relevance in today's society in areas such as religion and warfare.
1,703 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper defines utilitarianism as a philosophical theory, whereby actions are judged right or wrong depending upon the consequences that result from the action. This evaluation of consequences then serves as a basis for laws and subsequent action by others. Utilitarianism negates any type of traditional or religious authority and bases the ultimate decision of morality upon human welfare. This paper details how a utilitarian philosophy can be applied to various areas in our lives, such as warfare, which has long been a moral issue. From the perspective of a defending country, it can be reasoned that to go to war to defend the motherland, procure items of need, or secure foreign interests is a moral act. The writer contends that in order for true world peace to be attained, from a utilitarian view, warfare must be brought to an end in order for the vast majority to attain happiness. This paper also discusses opposing views to this particular philosophy.
From the Paper
"Not having found the practical answers for what is moral from the deonotological approach to morality, how is one to determine the moral basis for a strategically coordinated global philosophical revolution which would end human warfare? Turning the attention to the theologically based moralities of Christians, Jews, and Moslems, yields no help. The scriptures of these traditional world religions are full of justified massacres. The Christian faith taken to the more extreme predicts warfare to the bitter end of human history. Among all three of these religions we find both moral justification for war and condemnation for the immorality of war. Perhaps Kant's categorical imperative approach to morality can yield some insight."
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