| Papers [1-15] of 1917 :: [Page 1 of 128] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 —> | |
|
|
The Ethics of Advertising to Children, 2008.
A discussion of the ethics of advertising to children.
2,630 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 79.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper looks at that question of whether advertising directed at children is ethical. It points out that the amount of advertising targeting children continues to grow. Children view an estimated 360,0000 advertisements on television before graduating from high school. The paper also claims that, not until the early 1970s, was advertising directed at children seen as a problem in the United States. The paper argues that, although studies show that children under the age of seven cannot distinguish the difference between an advertisement and fact, there is little if any regulation of advertising directed at children within the United States. The paper compares the US to other countries, which have adopted the philosophy that advertising directed at children is immoral and have stepped in with varying levels of regulation. The paper concludes that, regarding television, it is unlikely there will be any restrictions placed on advertisers; however, with the proliferation of sites such as MySpace, YouTube, blogging, and other future technological advances to the Internet, there may eventually be a public outcry for more stringent regulations.
Outline:
Introduction
History of Advertising & Advertising to Children
Advertising and Its Impact on Children
Why So Much Emphasis on Advertising to Children?
Notable Examples of Advertising to Children
The Regulation of Advertising
Regulations in Other Countries
How Likely Change Is in the Future & Conclusion
From the Paper
"In the US, there are currently few policies or standards for food advertising and marketing aimed at children. The advertising industry maintains self-regulatory policies established by the Children's Advertising Review Unit (CARU) of the National Council of Better Business Bureaus. CARU's guidelines apply to all forms of children's advertising, but it has no legal authority over advertisers and can only seek voluntary compliance. CARU has a group of about 20 advisors and 35 supporters, many of whom are from the food industry, such as Burger King, Frito-Lay, McDonald's, General Mills, Nabisco and Hershey. The CARU voluntary guidelines list seven basic principles, which address areas such as product presentation and claims, endorsement and promotion by program characters, sales pressures, disclosures and disclaimers and safety concerns."
| |
|
Aristotle and the Ultimate Human Good, 2008.
An examination of the basis of Aristotle's arguments regarding the ultimate human good.
1,147 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses Aristotle's view of the ultimate human good, particularly his discussions on both the ethical character of modern societies and on the theological interpretations of right and wrong. It describes Aristotle's basis of the conditions of community, enjoyment, political interaction and profound contemplation of things.
From the Paper
"This quality that Aristotle was after was to comprehend internally what it means to be virtuous and how to act or behave accordingly. For Aristotle the good life, the virtuous life, is measured first by identifying the "universal good" to be utilized as a yardstick to first measure oneself and one's effectiveness at leading a virtuous life; i.e., contemplation. Aristotle's universal good is a yardstick with which the contemplative individual must measure his or her own existence from an internal perspective. One potential view of Aristotle's ultimate good then is that he accurately observes that a virtuous person engaging in the political life, must first have examined him or herself vis-a-vis this metaphorical yardstick before truly being able to be considered both virtuous and effective in external actions."
| |
|
Cloning of Human Beings, 2008.
This paper argues that the cloning of human beings should be outlawed worldwide.
750 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that cloning offers the prospect of scientists being able to create a new individual genetically identical to another person. The writer points out that the science to do this has almost been perfected. The writer notes that some people believe that cloning technology should be vigorously developed, as it offers an enormous potential to cure diseases and so reduce human suffering. However, this essay argues that this potential benefit is outweighed by the massive potential ethical problems. Therefore, it is argued that cloning of human beings should be outlawed worldwide.
From the Paper
"One compelling reason to ban cloning is with regard to the human rights of potential cloned beings. Things that are manufactured are usually, by definition, property, and so do not have human rights. Thus, if a company were to clone human beings, it could possibly have the power to use these people as "spare parts" for rich clients. This potential ethical minefield was explored in the recent film, The Island. In this film, rich people have clones made from their DNA, and "store" them in an underground facility. The clones have no idea they are clones - they think they are the survivors of a nuclear holocaust, kept confined for their own safety. When their "owners" become sick or are injured, the clones are simply killed to provide spare parts. The clones are even used for breeding purposes. In this way, a female customer of the clone company can "give birth" to her own genetic offspring without the inconvenience of being pregnant."
| |
|
Clash of Consumer Rights and Religious Freedom, 2008.
A discussion regarding the clash of consumer rights and religious and which has priority.
877 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
In this article the clash of consumer rights and religious freedom is discussed. The paper relates that the issue is framed in the two articles discussed in the paper, which look at decisions by Muslims in the United States not to perform certain tasks that are part of their jobs. The writer notes that this issue extends far beyond this religious group or a specific issue and has been argued most often recently in terms of Christian pharmacists who do not want to fill certain prescriptions because they are opposed to birth control and abortifacents. The writer points out that America is a country that supports religious freedom, but all freedoms have some limitations when the rights of others are being infringed. The writer argues that given the way the needs of each side are being characterized, consumer rights take priority over religious freedom.
From the Paper
"In truth, the religious freedom of the Muslims is not being curtailed at all. No one has said they cannot worship as they please, and no one is saying they have to act in a way that runs counter to their beliefs. What they are saying is that Muslims can exercise their right freely in their own domain, but in the public arena of commerce, they cannot decide to change the nature of commerce to make it more Islamic. For one thing, while religious freedom is a right, having a specific job is not a right. Employers can always place certain requirements on an employee as to how the job is to be performed and in fact has the right to fire an employee for any reason, at least in most circumstances, though a contract or union agreement might change this situation. This places the power in the hands of the employer so that the employer could insist that its cab drivers carry all passengers, or that its clerks be able to perform all tasks on the goods sold and for the benefit of the customers served."
| |
|
Ethics in Business, 2008.
A description of the sources of power of a chief executive officer (CEO) and a case study analysis of the changes instituted at Tyco after the conviction of their former (CEO).
984 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses ethics in business, particularly by the leaders of the organization. It describes the role of the chief executive officer (CEO) and the sources of power that he or she may have. The paper then discusses the ethical changes instituted at Tyco after the conviction of former CEO, Dennis Kozlowski, in 2005. The paper describes the case and how it was handled by the company.
Table of Contents:
The CEO and Power
Tyco after the Conviction of its CEO
From the Paper
"The company also makes clear statements of its ethical principles on its website and calls for adherence to high standards "by establishing processes and practices that promote and ensure integrity, compliance, and accountability" (Verschoor, 2006, para. 8). The lapses of Kozlowski showed that the ethical structure in place before was inadequate, and only time will tell if the corrected system will serve to assure a more ethical operation in the future. Stopping the cycle of corruption is the goal, and bringing in every employee as an active participant in assuring ethical behavior is the primary means of achieving it."
| |
|
People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals, 2008.
An examination of an organization that sets out to protect animal rights but with extreme actions.
1,146 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 39.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper describes the work and ideas of People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) and gives an account of an exercise carried out to promote its cause and explain its positions.
Outline:
Introduction
Methodology
Language Analysis
From the Paper
"The saying goes that actions speak louder than words, and for some groups attempting to persuade the public of the virtue of their point of view, this can be an unfortunate truth. People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) offer a persuasive argument on their website and in various literature, but the virtues of their point of view are often lost on the public because of actions the group has taken that cause people to view them as a fringe group with extreme ideas. The ideas may not really be that extreme, but their actions sometimes are and so undercut the power of their speech. PETA is dedicated first to the same sorts of issues as the SPCA (or the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals). The latter group seeks legislation to prevent cruelty to animals and promotes public awareness of cases of cruelty. The group also promotes caring for animals as a virtue to be pursued. PETA does much the same but also takes more extreme positions against those who in any way disagree with them or who may use animals in any way that causes the disapproval of the organization. This sometimes leads to extreme action, such as throwing blood on people wearing fur. Such actions have given the group a reputation that undercuts the persuasive power of their speech."
| |
|
Social Contract Theory, 2008.
This paper looks at the advantages and disadvantages of the social contract theory.
1,411 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 47.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper looks at what the social contract theory holds morality to be as well as the apparent advantages and disadvantages of the theory as a guide for regulating the moral actions of everyday citizens. The paper looks at how the theory fails insofar as it insufficiently protects the disabled from mistreatment at the hands of others. The paper focuses on the sad case of Baby Theresa, a disabled child whose demise offers a poignant rebuttal of the social contract view that some creatures should be beyond moral consideration. The paper warns that once a society decides that utilitarian arguments should hold sway when it comes to who should live and die, it opens up the potential for large numbers of its citizens to be exploited brutally by others.
From the Paper
"In the view of Hobbes, morality is the practical solution to the question of how best human beings can interact with one another in a social context. Put another way, morality is needed (even if people do not see profound religious or philosophical reasons for its existence) because all of us need a stable and secure society if we are to enjoy all the benefits that should accrue to us as social beings (Rachel, 2003b). Seen in this light, one may present the case that a society committed to the social contract will work industriously to preserve the rights of all citizens - including the mentally-disabled. After all, if the rights of one group are undermined, then the rights of all other groups can easily be undermined, as well."
| |
|
Electronic Medical Records and Security, 2008.
This paper looks at the subject of electronic medical records, focusing on security and confidentiality issues.
2,906 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 86.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that advances in computer technology and the development of the Internet have enabled the healthcare community to maintain medical records electronically, which has been beneficial for patients and healthcare providers alike. The writer points out that there is also a downside to this system of electronic record keeping, for it also renders the private medical records of patients vulnerable to unauthorized access. The writer notes that the healthcare community has a professional and ethical responsibility to formulate and implement appropriate policies to deal with such risks. The writer discusses that the emergence of electronic medical records systems presents security challenges, for such records are far more vulnerable to unauthorized access by third parties than paper records kept in a doctor's office, a nursing station, or a clinic. The writer maintains that protecting the privacy of patients is essential, not only because of the vital importance of ethical medical treatment, but because of emerging confidentiality issues related to electronic medical records.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Literature Review
Discussion
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"The literature review clarifies that the healthcare community has a professional and ethical responsibility to formulate and implement appropriate policies to deal with the risks to confidentiality imposed by electronic medical record keeping. It is evident that the development and expansion of electronic medical records systems presents a wide range of security, ethics, and medical research interest challenges.
"The fundamental issue underlying all other issues is the fact that electronic medical records are far more vulnerable to unauthorized access by third parties than paper medical records were. Protecting the privacy of patients has always been essential because of the vital importance of providing ethical and confidential medical treatment, but it has also been essential to conduct medical research, which requires access to healthcare data on a general and individual patient basis. Consequently, everyone involved in this debate and affected by it must understand the implications of restricting electronic access to medical records."
| |
|
Aristotle and Moral Responsibility, 2008.
This paper provides an analysis of Aristotle's beliefs of moral responsibility.
705 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 25.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper discusses Aristotle's belief that human beings are morally responsible for their conception of the good life, which was based on his determination that every form of activity people engage in has an ultimate goal that they consider good. The paper explains Aristotle's argument that because there cannot be an endless regression of external motivations, an intrinsic motivation for achieving the highest good must exist. The paper further explains how moral responsibility extends across desires to the conduct those desires produce and to the ends such conduct achieves.
From the Paper
"Aristotle believed that we are morally responsible for our conception of the good life, and based this belief on his determination that every form of activity people engage in has an ultimate goal which they consider good. Furthermore, Aristotle argued that because there cannot be an endless regression of external motivations, there must be an intrinsic motivation for achieving the highest good. This highest good is the goal towards which all human activity is directed."
| |
|
The Use of Primates in Bio-medical Research, 2008.
An analysis of whether or not bio-medical testing on primates is worthwhile, despite the drawbacks.
2,021 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 64.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines to what extent bio-medical research is aided by the testing of primates. It provides an exploration into disease prevention using primates, discusses embryonic research and cloning and shows how the human behavioral processes in the mind can be disclosed through primate testing. The paper concludes that the literature is inconclusive and the testing of primates must be seriously re-examined.
From the Paper
"The hypothesis of this paper was that primate testing does benefit human beings enough to justify the use of these animals in projects. Ultimately though, the material uncovered does not support this thesis (except in limited cases) and it calls into question the determination of some in the scholarly community to resolutely persist with such testing. Furthermore, questions such as whether or not such testing offers insight into the fight against disease, the study of human cloning and embryonic research, and the study of the human mind, all failed to deliver clear-cut answers; in some respects, the use of these creatures works, and in other areas the conclusion is much more uncertain."
| |
|
Hobbes' and Machiavelli's Humanist Governing Principles, 2008.
This paper compares and contrasts humanistic governing principles in "The Prince" by Niccolo Machiavelli and "The Leviathan" by Thomas Hobbes.
2,263 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 70.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper discusses how Machiavelli and Hobbes analyze the dictates of governing institutions, religion and ethics. The paper shows how these two philosophers often agree, but differ on varying principles of practicality for humanistic governing bodies. The paper shows the complexity of rational thought that exists between Hobbes and Machiavelli and explains how the nature of ethics becomes a dynamic that divides them.
From the Paper
"The manner of politics that one can see in The Prince by Machiavelli reveals much about the cruel, and often-lawless manner of governing that seeks to suppress the people being ruled by their leaders. He makes little argument for unrealistic manners of ethical guidance that might smooth over these forceful behaviors of the leading class. By these means he tells us much about how rules matter little in the quest for power and dominance over the lesser classes. In starting, Machiavelli refused to be deflected by utopian dreams or romantic hopes and by questions of right and wrong or good and bad in government. This is how Hobbes and Machiavelli compare, since they both seek realism in their quest to discover the best and most efficient way to rule."
| |
|
Ethics and Energy Deregulation, 2008.
An analysis of whether the deregulation of the energy and in particular, the electricity sector can be completely ethical.
863 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 30.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses the ethical considerations associated with the deregulation of energy, focusing on the electricity sector in the United States. The paper examines the issue from the perspective of both proponents (advantages) and critics (disadvantages) in order to attempt to ascertain if energy deregulation can be an ethical course of action.
From the Paper
"How can we reconcile these positions? Democratic, local control of power production is certainly a noble, even ethically important, goal. But if deregulation only results in more corporate control of energy production with less public oversight, it is certainly not an ethical choice. Perhaps the most ethical and rational path would be to remove government's monopolistic control while retaining the public's capacity to oversee the energy market. If policies were put into place regulate the actions of especially the major energy producers while encouraging the development of local, alternative power generation, then it might be possible to achieve the ideals of the deregulation proponents while avoiding the dangers of corporate corruption."
| |
|
Stem Cell Research, 2008.
This paper argues for the continuation of stem cell research.
995 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 35.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper looks at the debate regarding whether human embryos possess "human rights" and thus the right to live in the fully developed human sense. The paper discusses this ethical and controversial issue and strongly contends that stem cell research must be allowed to continue unabated while trying to find ways to circumvent the ethical dilemmas that hinder it.
Outline:
Introduction
Opposing Viewpoints
Pro Viewpoints
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In spite of these controversial issues, stem cell research must be allowed to continue unabated not only to find practical application in cell and organ transplantation and regenerative medicine, but also to alleviate the emotional burdens of all those involved in a patient's suffering. Embryonic stem cell research involves growing stem cells derived directly from human embryos and is the present method employed in growing stem cell colonies. Still in development is non-embryonic stem cell research, which seeks to circumvent the heated debates regarding whether human embryos possess "human rights" and thus the right to live in the fully developed human sense (Cort, 2005)."
| |
|
Philosophy of Leadership, 2008.
A discussion of leadership by comparing James Farr's "Leadership vs. Management", Plato's "Republic", Thomas Hobbes' "Leviathan", and Martin Luther King's "Letter from Birmingham Jail".
1,970 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 62.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper considers the need to master leadership skills as a means for effective leadership. The paper reviews the work of James Farr, "Leadership vs. Management", as a critique of ineffective and effective leadership. It then reviews the leadership suggestions of Plato as shown in the "Republic". The paper finds this model of leadership especially negative in its criticism of democracy. It next turns to Thomas Hobbes, and again finds him extremely negative in his outline of the state of nature and the need for absolute government as shown in the "Leviathan". The essay finally turns to Martin Luther King's "Letter from Birmingham Jail" and finds that this is a positive and effective model of leadership.
From the Paper
"Plato, for example, shows what he thinks our democratic society will become. It is a grim view, one I cannot endorse. In Book VIII of The Republic, he discusses society's descent to democracy, which he says follows the failure of an oligarchy. That is an order driven by fear of abject poverty (553c, 562b, 556c). Men show miserly respectability (553d), without control of reason or spirit. (551a, 553c, 556d). A few grow rich and shape the state they want, oppressing others. (552e, 5533, 564e)."
| |
|
Ethics in Philanthropy, 2008.
This paper considers ethics in philanthropy with regards to the Save the Children organization.
1,081 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 37.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper reviews the Save the Children agency and discusses in brief its values and ethics. The paper examines an ethical dilemma which invariably arises when such organizations endeavor to assist at-risk children, specifically, should utilitarian and/or social justice considerations be taken into account or should another ethical mechanism be employed when determining who receives what? In the end, the paper decides that programs and aid geared towards helping children should be dispensed in a manner that is color-blind and free of gender-based considerations.
From the Paper
"The Save the Children agency is well-regarded for its many earnest efforts on behalf of the most vulnerable members of our society. Simply put, the values and ethics which guide this organization are laudable and in keeping with the most estimable ideals of American philanthropy. Specifically, the organization is wholly committed to seeing to it that children everywhere should receive all the assistance they can so that they can enjoy happy and fulfilling lives (Save the Children, 2007a). Additionally, the organization has pledged itself to the operational principles of accountability, collaboration and innovation and to giving children and the communities that serve them in the developing world the services, skills, and resources that will make it possible for young people in less-developed nations to reach their full human potential."
|
|
|
