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Trade-mark and Patent Infringement Remedies, 2008.
Compares Canadian law and legal practices regarding trade mark and patent infringement remedies.
2,285 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, while the legal debates over trade-mark and patent infringement remedies are analogous because both involve some infringement of intellectual properties, clear similarities and differences exist between these two areas of litigation. The author points out that a comparison and contrast of the remedies available in cases of trade-mark and patent infringement suggest that they often differ not so much in the general remedies themselves but in the particulars of their implementation. The paper argues that the belief that remedies are to be treated more as an afterthought than an independent area of study is no longer possible or desirable in the contemporary context.
Table of Contents:
Comparison and Contrast
Reflections
From the Paper
"These Anton Piller orders represent a significant difference between remedies for trade-mark and patent infringement as they reflect how the phenomenon of piracy has developed and evolved in recent years. In such examples, the piracy of intellectual property has no clear analogue in the area of patent infringement. The counterfeiting of products and the deliberate infringement upon trade-marks in order to pass a product off as the work of a previously existing company/organization with a registered trade-mark is a phenomenon of increasing concern today."
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Individual Rights and Public Protection, 2008.
An analysis of individual rights versus public protection within the Canadian criminal justice system.
2,932 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 86.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the balance between individual rights and public protection within the Canadian criminal justice system. It describes the importance of equilibrium between criminal justice agencies and their ability to apprehend and prosecute offenders as a form of crime control, and the right of citizens to be protected from potential abuses of this power, known as due process. The paper examines this balance and attempts to determine whether the public or the individual is losing out in the Canadian criminal justice system.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Major Themes Intrinsic to the Balance
Legal Recognition of Individual Rights
The Dangers of Imbuing Police with Too Much Power
In Favor of Individual Liberty and Accountability?
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Without a doubt, the criminal justice system is not a perfect one. Infringements of individual rights often occur at the expense of concern for public safety. Actions that compromise individual often come from the police, who act on behalf of the Criminal Code and related charters. When one points to illegal actions of the police on behalf of justice enforcement, one must also remember that police are accountable for their actions, just like every other individual in society. It appears moreover that such monitoring is on the increase: for example, "accountability of systems of correction is an emerging trend" (ibid, p. 381) and some may say that increased accountability of the police is a defining criminal justice trend (Griffiths, "Introduction to the Criminal Justice System", Unit 4). This is evidence of the fact that the justice system, although imperfect, strives to imbue the police with the right amount of control and power so that the justice of both individuals and the public are simultaneously upheld."
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Bilingual Education in Ontario, 2008.
This paper looks at bilingual education and special education in Ontario.
3,145 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 18 sources, MLA, $ 91.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that Canada's two official languages and growing demand for bilingual or French immersion education beyond Francophone areas challenges special education teachers, as they must explore different teaching methods and novel approaches to second language studies. The writer points out that other special education teachers face students from new Canadian backgrounds who must acquire French quickly in areas where French is the usual language and medium of instruction. The writer also notes that others speak French in the home but in dialects that demand instruction towards French as it is spoken in Canada. Moreover, in Anglophone areas of Canada, the special education student is entitled to study French, like all students, just as he or she is entitled to studies as much as possible resembling those of mainstream students. The writer reflects on what is understood by the term of bilingual education as it appears to have several implications depending upon the situation, languages or kinds of students involved.
Outline:
Introduction
Background
Special Abilities & Problems
Acquiring an Approach
Assessment Pitfalls
Withdrawing Children
Concluding Remarks
From the Paper
"Special Education has been an important issue in the Province of Ontario's francophone boards that sometimes receive students who do not speak French in the home or otherwise encounter the French-medium school as a place of language acquisition. Only in 2004 did the Ontario government resolve to step up funding for Special Education classes, assessment and support services so that all francophone schools do cater to the roughly 10% of students, as in Anglophone boards, to require Special Education for some or all of their education. In areas where bilingualism is usual or valued, Francophone Special Education students have sometimes been assigned to local English-medium schools that do offer Special Education.
Where bilingual schools exist, similarly, the expectation in some boards has been that Special Education will be taken in English. French immersion schools in Ontario are charged with providing French-medium Special Education for students in need. In Anglophone areas, bilingual schools and classes have expanded greatly, along with French immersion facilities that a generation ago were seen as suiting advanced or 'gifted' students but now serve generic students, French immersion schools offer their French-medium Special Education classes, too."
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School Readiness, 2008.
This paper examines the differences in the level of school readiness in Canadian preschool children.
1,838 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
The paper interviews three school teachers and a Coordinator from the Home Instruction for Parents of Preschool Youngsters (HIPPY) program who all discuss how and why children in Canada come to school with varying levels of readiness. The paper explains the differences in family background and the impacts of socio-economic factors. The paper also discusses how parent education is necessary in order to emphasize that they are their children's first and most important teachers. Additinaooy, the paper notes that children can benefit from high quality preschool programs, which can help to compensate for the limitations of their family backgrounds.
Outline:
Introduction and Literature Review
Description of Participants and Procedures
Summary and Discussion of Interview Data
From the Paper
"There are many reasons for the differences in levels of school readiness. For example, it is important to bear in mind that family backgrounds vary enormously in Canada, as it is a multicultural country with an active immigration policy. This impacts crucial aspects of the family background. For example, more and more parents do not speak English; and some parents may be dealing with cultural dissonance and acculturation (King and Goodwin, 2002). Further, King and Goodwin (2002) point out that by 2020, 46% of the public school population will be children of colour. They also quote from parents who have difficulty communicating with teachers because they (the parents) do not speak English, or they do not think in English."
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Immigration in Canada, 2008.
Looks at Canadian immigration policy at both the federal and provincial levels.
1,465 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the selection process and basic mechanisms by which the federal government of Canada and the province of Manitoba try to facilitate the entry of the sort of people they want. The paper then points out the shortcomings of these governments in this process. The paper also examines the disconnections between stated goals and actual outcomes. The paper concludes that Canada simply needs to do a better job of welcoming non-traditional immigrants.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Discussion of the Topic
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Beyond the obvious fact that newcomers are not getting into the jobs they should be - or that the government has moved too slowly to help them gain accreditation or licenses - Canada's governments are not keeping up with the linguistic needs of new immigrants arriving from non-traditional countries. For example, Nicholas Keung writes that immigrant men between 1995 and 1999 made about 24 percent less in their first year in Canada than immigrant men who arrived between 1965 and 1969 - after adjusting wages for inflation."
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Criminal Justice in Canada, 2008.
This paper discusses Section 718.2 (e) of the Criminal Code of Canada as a reflection of changing societal conditions.
1,706 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
The essay examines the advantages and disadvantages of Section 718.2 (e) of the Criminal Code of Canada. Some critics view it as an adequate option for sentencing criminals whereas others believe it directs the Western legal system away from adequate reform. The paper concludes that the code reflects the liberal character of the Canadian justice system.
Outline:
Introduction
Section 718.2 (e): Point/Counterpoint
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The arguments for Section 718.2 (e) most closely resemble Canadian legislative ideals. The point that Section 718.2 (e) only offers judges the option of employing sanctions other than confinement upon sentencing is demonstrative of the liberality of choice that is part of the Canadian justice system. The argument that Section 718.2 (e) is part of a general effort to represent enlightenment and a real effort to address the problem of Aboriginal overrepresentation in correctional institutes is one which is also particularly relevant to Canadian legal thinking."
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Canada's Immigration Policies, 2008.
A critical look at the federal and provincial immigration policies of Canada.
2,074 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at the purposes of provincial immigration policies and at the mechanisms in place to make those objectives a reality. The paper discusses the disconnection between Canada's objectives and results and explores what can be done to resolve these shortcomings. The paper also shows how Canada and its provinces may have no choice but to liberalize its immigration policy if it hopes to meet the challenges of the twenty-first century.
From the Paper
"More than anything else, it appears as though the chief purpose of federal and provincial immigration policy is to expedite the influx of the most talented and industrious immigrants possible. For example, the federal Foreign Credential Referral Office will "ease" the "assessment and recognition" of foreign credentials. As it stands, when the office is wholly operational, it will operate out of the Department of Citizenship and Immigration (Woods, para.1-5). To elaborate upon the initial sentence in this paragraph, Citizenship and Immigration Canada (CIC) seeks - among other things - to admit "immigrants, foreign students, visitors and temporary workers who enhance Canada's social and economic growth" (Citizenship and Immigration Canada, para.3)."
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Canadian Tire Company, 2008.
A discussion of the strengths and weaknesses of the Canadian Tire Company.
1,593 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the Canadian Tire Company from a strategic vantage point. The paper explains that the company, which is one of Canada's largest, has over 50k employees and more than 1100 unique outlets among its various lines of business. The paper then looks at why the company is profitable, but also why it has some difficulties marketing its core retail tire business even though the business itself is profitable and healthy. In addition, the paper points out that overall the company is strategically well managed and has strong growth outlook provided it can continue to diversify its revenue streams.
Outline:
Strengths
Weaknesses
Opportunities
Threats
Strategic Assessment
Historical Development
Mission
Goals
Management
Organization
Human Resource Management
Ethical Orientation
From the Paper
"Considering the global tire and rubber industry is expected to grow in value, Canadian Tire has a unique opportunity to expand even beyond its current large size. The global market for tires is valued at $28b and grew by more than 2.1% during 2006 (Global, 2006). This market is expected to expand over the next decade. The expected value of the tire market by 2011 is expected to reach a total value of $31b which would be a 10.2% increase over 2006 figures. This is a promising growth market and one in which Canadian Tire can capitalize on."
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Immigration Policies into Canada, 2008.
An essay discussing the issue of immigration into Canada, with particular reference to Alberta.
2,462 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 75.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the issue of immigration in Canada and attempts to show that there are differences between the immigration policies of the federal government and the provincial government of Alberta, but that they concur in one important aspect: both place emphasis on the need to attract skilled workers to Canada. The paper continues and relates that both allocate funds in order to attract workers. The paper also highlights the fact that skilled immigrants who come to Canada are unable to find work in their chosen professions, which points out the serious disconnection between the intent of immigration policies at both federal and provincial level. The paper agrees that this is not good for the immigrants nor good for Canada's economy and suggests methods of addressing this disconnection.
From the Paper
"The federal government appears to be trying to find ways to resolve the disconnections. For example, the Honourable Diane Finley, Minister of Citizenship and Immigration, announced the launch of a Foreign Credentials Referral Office on 24th May 2007. In announcing this, Finley noted that she had often heard stories of "the newcomer to Canada, who came with skills and credentials ... and who has had to struggle ever since to get a job in his or her chosen field" (www.cic.gc.ca). Yet at the same time, she notes that "We need skilled newcomers and we need skilled newcomers to work in their chosen field" Hence, the new Foreign Credentials Referral Office will attempt to facilitate the accreditation of these immigrants, so as to resolve the futile disconnection of a country that needs skilled immigrants, on the one hand, and on the other hand, skilled immigrants who are prevented from working just because they cannot get their foreign credentials recognized in Canada."
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The Key Role of Encounter in Restorative Justice, 2008.
A discussion of the important function of personal encounter in restorative justice.
2,590 words (approx. 10.4 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 78.95
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Abstract
The paper argues that a person to person encounter in a relatively informal, extrajudicial setting is a key aspect of the restorative justice process and paradigm. The paper explains that a personal encounter encourages progress to be made in restoring harms, because it allows people to meet as suffering human beings. The paper discusses the moving personal encounter between King Priam of Troy and Achilles the Athenian, as recorded in Homer's "Iliad" and also makes a reference to Aboriginal healing circles.
From the Paper
"Van Ness and Strong (2006: p. 61) begin their chapter on encounters with an account of the moving personal encounter between King Priam of Troy and Achilles the Athenian, as recorded in Homer's Iliad. Hector, son of Priam, had killed Patroclus, much-beloved friend of Achilles. To make matters worse, he had done this while Achilles, in a fit of pique directed at Agamemnon, was refusing to fight on the side of the Athenians. As Achilles was not fighting, Patroclus had borrowed Achilles' armour. This had the unfortunate result that Patroclus had been mistaken by Hector for Achilles, and Hector had therefore killed him (somewhat to his own surprise, for Achilles was widely feared as a warrior)."
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Social Democracy in Canada, 2008.
This paper discusses the history and present status of the New Democratic Party as a key force in Canadian politics.
2,390 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
The authors argues that while social democracy is rarely spoken of as a dominant, united voice in Canadian politics, social democrats, both officially and as grassroots activists, have played key roles in shaping Canadian social policy; their crown jewel being nationalized healthcare. The authors goes on to discuss that while social democrats in this country have generally found themselves on the outside of the power structure looking in, the official party's job is now more or less to find ways to affect change with limited access to the power structure. Finally, the author states that the past, present, and future of the New Democratic Party (NDP) seems to be based on the party's ability to act as more activist than government.
From the Paper
"So, despite its power outage, while the NDP is a legitimate mainstream party, except in the province of Quebec where it has never elected a New Democrat during a general election, it would appear that there will be limits on that legitimacy. Where the party can continue to be a useful official voice, however, is its persistence to criticize of the effects of free trade and globalization, and the ensuing rate of American ownership of Canadian resources. Historically, the NDP essentially forced a 1970s Trudeau Liberal minority government to form the Foreign Investment Review Agency to act as watch dog (Whitehorn n.p.) of sorts."
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Systematic Gender Inequality, 2008.
This paper reflects on Canadian gender inequalities in the workplace and asserts that a proactive approach in policy is needed in order to achieve positive change.
2,572 words (approx. 10.3 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper asserts that, although some gains have been made, women in Canada still have not achieved equality in the Canadian labour market. It is argued that this reflects a lingering, pervasive and in fact systemic inequality of the sexes within society. Furthermore, this essay advocates that policy changes should be made at federal and provincial government levels to encourage change. Specifically, the author argues that affirmative action, by way of quota policies, must be introduced and that childcare needs to be regarded by policy makers as being of paramount importance.
From the Paper
"On a simplistic level, the 1999 Workplace and Employee Survey tries to explain this differential by analysing its causes. For example, it found that 20% of the differential can be attributed to the fact that women primarily work in low-wage industries. Another 10% is attributed to the fact that women had on average 14 years of full-time experience, compared with 18 years of such experience for men. The latter is a socio-economic reality related to the demands of child-bearing, which are currently inadequately addressed by government policies. It was also found that the fact that more women worked for a part-time rate accounted for some 11% of the gap, as for obscure reasons, companies with a large part-time work force usually pay lower wages. Another 7% of the gap was attributed to 3 factors: the fact that women are less likely to work in self-directed teams (which are better-paid); the fact that fewer women work for foreign-owned companies, which pay higher wages; and the fact that less women work for wages that are tied to performance (which tends to result in higher pay) (Statistics Canada)."
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Did the US and Canada Betray the Jews?, 2008.
A look at the failure of Canada and the United States to respond to the crisis of European Jewry, 1938.
1,976 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 17 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the extent to which the leaders of the United States and Canada refused to consider the pleas of Jewish refugees for protection during World War II. The paper portrays the vitriolic anti-Semitism present in both countries but shows how the Canadian leadership was more anti-Semitic than President Roosevelt of the United States. The paper still concludes that both countries failed to respond to the plight of Jewish refugees during World War II.
From the Paper
"By 1938, few people with more than the most basic awareness of world events could doubt that Adolf Hitler represented a threat to the Jews of Europe. In February of that year, he assumed personal command of the German armed forces (Churchill 261). Days later, he invited Austrian Chancellor von Schuschnigg to Germany, and demanded what amounted to a capitulation of the Austrian government to the Austrian Nazi Party (Churchill, 262-65). It was clear that the Nazis intended to take over Austria, and that the Jewish population of Austria would be subjected to pogroms and expulsion (Gedye "Schuschnigg Visit" 4)."
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Diabetes: History and Background, 2008.
This paper informatively discusses diabetes in North America in term of its history, definition, types, prevalence and contributing factors.
750 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper acknowledges that diabetes is a serious chronic, life-long disease that is one of the leading causes of death and disability in North America. The paper also relates that there are many long-term complications that can stem from this disease. The paper then goes on to discuss the long history of diabetes and the complications in treatment, the current definition of diabetes as a disorder of metabolism, along with the prevalence and distribution of the disorder between the types.
From the Paper
"Diabetes is a disorder of the metabolism. Our body breaks down food in glucose, a form of sugar, which is carried in the bloodstream and taken to cells in order to provide energy for them. In order for glucose to pass from the blood into the cells, insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas, must be present. There are three types of diabetes: Type 1 diabetes, also called insulin-dependent or juvenile-onset; type 2 diabetes, also called noninsulin-dependent or adult onset; and gestational diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease as 'the immune system attacks the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas and destroys them. The pancreas than produces little or no insulin' (Matthews, 4). In this type of diabetes the symptoms appear suddenly and intensely. In Type 2 diabetes, the pancreas is producing enough insulin, but the body cannot use the insulin effectively. After some time, the production of insulin decreases. Hence this type of diabetes develops gradually, over several years. Gestational diabetes develops during pregnancy, and usually disappears after delivery, although the mother is at an increased risk of getting type 2 diabetes later in the life."
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Ontario Air Pollution, 2008.
A study on the economic impact of air pollution on Ontario.
1,410 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper states that there is no doubt that air pollution has an adverse impact on Ontario's economy with the most marked effect being on health care and lost time from work stemming from air pollution caused illness for both the ill person and the caregivers. The author points out that air pollution puts an added demand on Ontario's health care providers, which are already overburdened. The paper relates that the consequence is that the Ontarian taxpayer is paying more tax dollars to support this growing health care problem. The author also explores potential solutions to the problem.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Background and the Problem
Economics of Air Pollution
Potential Solutions and Conclusion
From the Paper
"The Suzuki Foundation cites thee areas in which the government could have an impact on reducing air pollution: Tax shifting by taxing air polluters extra and adopting tax breaks for environmentally friendly practices; eliminating perverse subsidies as described above; and increasing investment in the environment to drive down the cost of energy renewable resources such as solar and wind power.
"However, our research shows that governmental intervention by the Canadians or Ontarians cannot solely solve the problem."
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