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Airline Industry Forecast, 2005.
An overview of the airline industry, including a SWOTT analysis and projections for the future.
4,300 words (approx. 17.2 pages), 20 sources, APA, $ 113.95
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Abstract
This paper is based on the airline industry and discusses a brief history of this industry, an industry overview, and a SWOTT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats, and Trends) analysis of the industry. It also addresses the impact of real Gross Domestic Product (GDP), the unemployment rate, and the inflation rate as measured by the consumer price index (CPI). The paper includes three economic indicators.
History of the Industry
Industry Overview
SWOTT
Gross Domestic Product
Unemployment Rate
Inflation Rate
Economic Indicators
In-depth Analysis
Final Recommendations
From the Paper
"Business travel still plays a significant role in the airline industry. Although many advents in business communications technology have evolved, something remains to be said about the quality and quantity of business conducted in face-to-face meetings. Competition for business travelers is intense with legacy carriers and low-cost carriers vying for revenue. Today, the financial benefit is in the business community's favor although it is expected that in late 2005 excess capacity consumption will allow the airlines to begin charging higher fares (National Business Travel Association)."
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Regional Jets and the Aviation Industry, 2003.
An analysis of the cost factors and controversies associated with regional jets in the aviation industry today.
3,764 words (approx. 15.1 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 103.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the future for regional jet service in the United States and abroad appears to be very bright and how regional passenger jets, defined as jet planes seating between 25 and 110 passengers, are becoming increasingly popular alternatives to the turbo-prop "puddle-jumper" aircraft businesspeople have come to associate with commuter flights in smaller markets. It provides an overview and background of regional jets, the associated cost factors and controversies, an assessment of the potential impact of the identified alternatives, and the sell-offs of regional carriers by the major carrier owners.
From the Paper
"As a result of their increasing popularity, regional jets have also created their share of controversies, including claims these types of aircraft are clogging the nation's already stressed airports and issues concerning equitable pay rates for regional jet pilots compared to their mainstream aviation counterparts. "Some say regional jets are jamming the system, but that's not true," says Faye Malarkey, a legislative director for the Regional Airline Association (RAA). Rather, Malarkey says that regional jets are "part of the solution" (Arnoult, 2000, p. 67). Likewise, the President of the RAA, Deborah McElroy says, "We think that they are making regional jets a scapegoat. That's not appropriate. regional jets are added because that's what the passengers want" (Arnoult, 2000, p. 67). "
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Airbus, 2004.
A look at the strategic issues and options facing the Airbus organization.
3,182 words (approx. 12.7 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 92.95
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Abstract
This paper outlines the business strategy of Airbus that has allowed it to become the successful aircraft business that it is today. The paper points to Airbus's focus on international customer support, the development of a corporate culture, and its focus on technological developments as the main reasons for its competitive edge and success in the aircraft engineering market.
Brief Introduction to Airbus
Activities in Globe
Technological Developments
Strategic Analysis and Expansion Opportunities
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Airbus entered the aircraft engineering market approximately 30 years ago. Their first aircraft was the A300 wide-bodied airliner, with the capacity for 226 passengers, being the first to offer exactly the facilities stipulated by the airlines. Within the market of annual profits exceeding $527 million in 2000, out of which 72% came directly form passenger flight revenues, such an innovation had provided to be extensively demanded. As a consequence, the newly developing company had benefited from tremendous growth over a significant period of time, where by in year 2003, Airbus had a turnover of 19.3 Billion Euros."
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Human Physiology in Space, 2004.
An examination of the human body's reaction to a space environment.
1,000 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the physiological changes to the human body during space travel. Early predictions of the response of humans to spaceflight assumed that space adaptation would be analogous to human disease processes rather than to normal physiology. Through studies of bed-rested healthy adults and medical examinations of crews returning from space, we now recognize the adaptive nature of the responses to spaceflight or its ground-based models. e are also aware of the necessity to minimize the flight-induced changes so that crews maintain their Earth-readiness and avoid injury on landing. Lack of gravitational loading affects multiple physiological systems, especially support structures that are particularly vulnerable to injury during reentry and renewed exposure to gravitational forces. Thus, most crew members exercise extensively during flight. Although many physiological systems appear to be affected by spaceflight, only the cardiovascular, neurovestibular, and musculoskeletal systems are covered in this paper.
The paper includes illustrations.
Table of Contents
Table of Illustrations
Introduction
The Cardiovascular System
The Neurovestibular System
The Musculoskeletal System
Summary
Bibliography
From the Paper
"As soon as they switch to an internal alignment and use the feet to signal down, they are able to function normally. Upon return to Earth, the brain is confused once again as gravity is now available for orientation. This confusion creates postural instability that is compounded with the cardiovascular difficulty in standing. Also, reflexes associated with posture are slowed even on short-duration missions. With long-duration flights, changes in reflexes may become a major issue."
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Cabin and Cockpit Safety, 2004.
An examination of the importance of cabin and cockpit safety and how it can save lives.
1,787 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses safety in the 21st century and enhancing it by focusing on cabin and cockpit safety. Presently, the only automated systems required on board modern aircraft are the automatic fire detection systems for the engines and cargo compartments receptacle fire bottles. Manually operated extinguishers are provided for the engine and cargo areas. Pilot-controlled fire extinguishing systems exist for both these areas. Some aircraft have overheat detection in the avionics compartments, but no automated fire extinguishing system. Integrated systems are needed to detect and extinguish fires in aircraft, wherever they occur, before they can damage the aircraft or its systems. Since 1996, there have been three major aircraft accidents involving fire in the cockpit and cabin. Two had no fire detection systems; those accidents were fatal. The aircraft involved in the third accident had smoke detection that enabled the crew to land before the aircraft was severely damaged. This should make it clear that fire detection saves lives.
From the Paper
"e industry has not kept pace with the demand put on it by significant changes to the design of electrical systems on airplanes. There needs to be a great deal of work done to prevent electrical fires from the beginning. We also need systems designed to provide fire detection and suppression in all the possible fire regions in the airplane fuselage, both accessible and inaccessible. Failure to execute these changes will put crews and passengers at an unnecessarily risk to experience a catastrophic in-flight fire, a terrible fate experienced by too many already. We can prevent in-flight fire catastrophes if we want to."
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Westjet, 2004.
A strategic analysis of marketing management in the airline industry.
1,854 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how, while many previously successful airlines are challenged with labour issues, unsustainable cost structures and complex pricing structures, WestJet succeeds by filling the gaps that the industry has left open through operational and strategic deficiencies. WestJet is perceived as an "engine of the significant evolution in the airline industry." It looks at how in 2003, WestJet was named Canada's second most respected company, ranking first in high quality product and customer service and second in HR management and top of mind categories. It also examines how standardized flights, low prices, humorous promotions and web-based ticketing are the most visible components of WestJet's marketing strategy and how the underlying key success factor stems from the organization's low-cost strategic thrust and the eight unique business strategy components that support it. This paper details an analysis of the airline industry, the components that form WestJet's competitive advantage, the future of WestJet and the strategic recommendations to sustain the organization's growth. Included is Porter's Five Forces Model, a competitive analysis of the airline industry and relevant article studies.
Outline
1.0 Industry Analysis: General Overview
2.0 Competitive Environment: Facing Industry Challenges
3.0 WestJet's Marketing Strategy: Achieving a Unique Position
4.0 Low-Cost: WestJet's Strategic Thrust
4.1 "No Frills" Product/Service
4.2 Single Aircraft Type
4.3 High Aircraft Utilization
4.4 Simplified Route Structure
4.5 Ticket-less Distribution
4.6 Intelligent Technological Systems
4.7 Humorous Promotional Tactics
4.8 Company Culture: Tying it all Together
5.0 The Future of WestJet: More Destinations, More Growth
6.0 Strategic Recommendations: Customers, Competitors and Growth
6.1 Customers
6.2 Competitors
6.3 Growth
Exhibit 1 - Porter's Five Forces Model - Airline Industry
Exhibit 2 - Competitor Analysis
Exhibit 3 - Strategy ComponentsExhibit 4: Relevant Article Studies
From the Paper
"In 1987 the government deregulated the Canadian airline industry, allowing airlines to establish fares and conditions without any intervention and dramatically changing the industry dynamics. It is with this change that the "low-cost" business model fully came to life. Though the subsequent merger of Air Canada (AC) with Canadian Airlines dominated the market for a short time (with AC gaining 80% control over the market), the airlines control over the Canadian skies has not lasted long. With the costs of running a traditional airline escalating, a new strategic thrust has been adopted by both current and new carriers in the market who are now taking advantage of the increased demand for a low-cost no-frills product. Though WestJet is currently dominating the no-frills Canadian market, with a 55% market share for scheduled domestic flights, they have inspired others to adopt the "low-cost" business model."
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Korean Airlines Flight 801, 2004.
Examines how the 1997 air crash of Flight 801 could have claimed fewer lives.
2,365 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
On August 6, 1997, Korean Air flight 801 (KAL 801) crashed at Nimitz Hill, Guam. Of the 254 persons on board, 228 were killed and 23 passengers and 3 flight attendants survived the accident with serious injuries. This paper argues that more lives could have been saved if more emphasis were made on planning, equipping, execution, and training of all components that encompassed the Emergency Response Team, Guam International Airport, Agana, Guam.
From the Paper
"The Guam Civil Defense director also testified that, before the accident, Guam Civil Defense authorities had a memorandum of understanding (MOA) with the U.S. Air Force for emergency response but had not established an MOA with the U.S. Navy or U.S. Coast Guard. The Guam Civil Defense director stated that, after the accident, Guam authorities formed an emergency response committee, which included the Navy, the Coast Guard, and the Air Force, and that an MOA involving all emergency response agencies on the island had been drafted. The director stated that the MOA called for emergency response drills involving all of the agencies."
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Crew Resource Management, 2004.
An overview of what Crew Resource Management (CRM) entails in the aviation industry.
1,613 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how building teams and working in a team is important in specialized environments such as aviation and how one instructional strategy for training aviation teams is the Crew Resource Management (CRM), which has been practiced for more than a dozen years by aviation organizations. It provides the historical approach and the philosophy behind CRM, followed by a description of the variety of CRM training and today's CRM training methods.
Outline
Introduction
The Way to Crew Resource Management
The Philosophy of CRM
The Variety of CRM Training
CRM Training Methods
CRM Program Results
Future Focus on CRM
From the Paper
"The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) specifies (FAA AC 120-51a; 1991) three phases of CRM training: awareness, practice and feedback, and assessment of specific skills. This shows that behavioral skill practice and feedback in addition to the behavioral basis has become an important part in CRM training (Baker D., et al., 1993).
Existing programs are conducted in three different ways like pure lectures in classrooms, trainee participation through role-play practice or by a realistic flight in a full-mission simulator."
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Pilot Personality, 2004.
A look at the requirements to become a pilot or navigator in the military.
1,065 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how becoming a pilot or navigator is one of the most competitive challenges anyone can pursue and how it requires early planning and excellence in math, science, health, and behavior. It explores the need for the military to select people with a specific personality, behaviour, and skills and how, therefore, there is a need for selection programs. In particular, it attempts to evaluate whether there is a 'pilot personality' specified by the military that is supported by scientific data.
Outline
Introduction
History of Pilot Personality Studies
Military Pilot Personality Research Methods
Research Results / Findings
The Military Perspective
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The latest research concentrates on factors beyond cognitive ability and psychomotor skills and does not compare different groups of the population. These studies focus on military flying personnel and examine factors like motivational problems and anxiety. "Personality measures were chosen on the basis of anecdotal evidence and from clinical experience with operational pilots"(Siem, F. M., 1992). The five examined characteristics are divided in "socially desirable characteristics" like self-confidence, mental flexibility and "social undesirable characteristics" like hostility, depression and mania (Siem, F. M., 1992). This examination was accomplished with a paper-and-pencil test filled out by the candidates."
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Mars Pathfinder, 2004.
An overview of the 1996 Mars Pathfinder mission.
5,162 words (approx. 20.6 pages), 22 sources, MLA, $ 129.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a mission overview of the Mars Pathfinder mission ,launched in December 1996 as part of an ongoing series of Mars missions to prepare for the landing of a man on the 'red planet' in the next century. It gives a brief mission summary, followed by a scientific description focusing on how Pathfinder made it to Mars and how it surveyed Mars's atmosphere and Mars's surface. It looks at how Mars Pathfinder was not only a huge scientific success, but also gave the public, via Internet, the opportunity to participate at a space mission at a level never experienced before.
Outline
Title
Abstract
Chapter
Introduction
Mission Summary
Science Description
Spacecraft Description
Development and Manufacturing Structure
Launch Vehicle
Mission Costs
Summary
From the Paper
"On December 4, 1996 the pathfinder mission was launched on a Delta II-7925 launch vehicle out of Cape Canaveral Air Station. After 211 days in space and a distance traveled of almost 300 million miles the spacecraft landed on July 4, 1997 at its destination (DLR, 2003). In order to fine-tune the flight path a series of four-trajectory correction maneuvers (TCMs) were performed throughout the journey. NASA used the Deep Space Network (DSN) for tracking, telemetry, and command operations. DSN is an international network of antennas that supports interplanetary spacecraft missions by using giant dish antennas (Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 2004)."
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Aviation and 9/11, 2002.
Analysis of the effects of terrorism and September 11 on aviation.
5,491 words (approx. 22.0 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 134.95
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Abstract
This report examines the roots of terrorism and the changes that came in the wake of the September 11th attacks. It provides an interesting perspective upon how aviation security was structured before and after the attacks. With the threat of terrorist activity increasing, the interest of many citizens is geared towards the actions taken to enhance security, both foreign and domestic. Great measures in airport security can be found in Section 4 of the report. In it, many of the post-September 11th, hi-tech gadgets are outlined. With terrorism constantly changing to counteract security measures, the need for follow-up investigations is vital. With the cumulative knowledge of past strategies of terrorism and precedent security changes, analysis of that research allows for the formation of conclusions. These conclusions can, in turn, be related to policy.
From the Paper
"One huge international aviation organization is the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). "This is the aviation wing of the United Nations. With their head quarters in Montreal, Canada, the ICAO is the forefront of international aviation rule-making" (Wilkinson 83). "When airborne terrorism started becoming an issue, ICAO was the first to create standards and recommend practices to deter a terrorist threat. The ICAO is comprised of a tiered committee structure" (Jenkins 84). It is made up of 185 member states and was born in Chicago after the appropriate number of states ratified the treaty. The aviation security panel actually is the body which publishes international standards (mandatory) and recommended practices that all member states to put into effect within their respective airlines."
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Southwest Airlines and Communication, 2003.
Examines the impact of effective communications on the external publics of Southwest Airlines.
1,028 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
Effective communication is the key to any business success. The communication process is essential to employee morale, efficiency, and bottom-line profits. Both internal and external publics are addressed in the communication process. The external publics consist of vendors, competitors, customers, and Wall Street. This paper discusses the communication process and looks at the impact of effective communications on Southwest Airlines's external publics.
From the Paper
"Southwest Airlines has used effective communication to grow from a small Texas intrastate airline, into the fourth largest airline in the United States (Kim). The mission of Southwest Airlines is dedication to the highest quality of customer service delivered with a sense of warmth, friendliness, individual pride, and company spirit. Southwest is committed to providing its employees a stable work environment with equal opportunity for learning and personal growth. Creativity and innovation are encouraged for improving the effectiveness of Southwest Airlines. Employees are provided the same concern, respect, and caring attitude within the organization that they are expected to share externally with every Southwest Customer."
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Pratt and Whitney, 2003.
History, statistics, and economic outlook of the Pratt and Whitney Aircraft Company.
1,069 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper provides an overview of the Pratt and Whitney Aircraft Company. It discusses the company's history and looks at the present market trends of the industry in line with Pratt and Whitney's performance. The economic situation of the company is analyzed, and forecasts for the future are made.
Background
Current Statistics
Economic Outlook
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"Frederick Brant Rentschler had a dream to build a lighter, stronger and more reliable aircraft engine. Rentschler found everything he needed to make his vision reality at the Pratt and Whitney Tool Company in Connecticut. Pratt and Whitney (P&W) had the machines, financing, facilities, and almost everything needed to produce aircraft engines. Rentschler believed that the future of aviation relied upon the manufacture of light weight but powerful engines. Engine technology was at a turning point in aviation history in 1925, when the entire industry was leaning towards the production of water-cooled engines. At that time only Rentschler seemed to realize that the future of aviation lied with light, air-cooled engines, instead of the much heavier water-cooled versions. The Pratt and Whitney Aircraft Company was contracted to build engines for the Navy shortly after the first engines were produced. The engine impressed naval officials with its unprecedented performance, speed and reliability. Since then P&W has been the major supplier of aircraft engines for the United States Military. In 1929 Rentschler left the Pratt and Whitney Company and founded the United Aircraft and Transport Corporation. Rentschler was allowed to continue using the Pratt and Whitney name. The United Aircraft and Transport Corporation is now known as United Technologies, and is the parent company of P&W."
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Northwest Airlines, 2003.
This paper discusses the business of Northwest Airlines and its plans for future development.
1,875 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Northwest's mission and vision statements call for a very high standard of service that the company does not always deliver. The author points out that Northwest partially owns the travel site, Orbitz.com, and should consider making agreements with other online ticket agents. The paper states that Northwest still has a long way to go to compete with low-cost airlines, but, with effective management, it could become the world's largest low-cost carrier.
Table of Contents
Vision Statement
Mission Statement
Run a Great Airline
Put Customers First
Focus on People
Build our Network
Secure our Future
Labor Costs
Changes at Northwest
Managerial Indecision
Northwest on the Internet
Competing with Low-Cost Carriers
Conclusion
From the Paper
"One factor contributing towards Northwest's success compared to other major air carriers is that they started planning to reduce costs and increase revenue over six months prior to the attacks of September 11, 2001. The plan prior to the September 11th focused on changing the flying schedule and fleet composition, a 5 percent decrease in overall management payroll, cutting advertising, and also management training (Northwest Airlines outlines). These cuts did make it easier for Northwest to endure the economic aftermath of September 11th, but some of them seem to be counter productive. Cutting advertising costs is a short term solution designed to produce immediate results. Increasing advertising spending could increase revenue by millions."
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British Airways (BA), 2004.
This paper discusses British Airways as compared to its competitors, Air France and Ryanair.
2,045 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, with a dominant position at London's Heathrow, Europe's busiest airport, BA enjoys a powerful franchise; but BA's cost-cutting, downsizing strategy has caused it to lose its leadership position in both the European and global markets. The author points out that the two segments of the market important to BA, transatlantic flights and business travel, have been particularly hit; compounding the problem is that British Airway's most important partner in the One World alliance of carriers, American Airlines, is in deep trouble. The paper states that BA's response to competition from Ryanair has been poor because, despite projections that the low-cost carriers were expected to grow by thirty percent a year, BA sold its no-frills carrier, Go, in 2001 and put its marketing budget behind winning premium class passengers.
Table of Contents
Changes in the Business Environment
The Operations of BA, Air France and Ryanair
BA Marketing strategies (Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning)
Marketing Mix Comparison: BA, Air France and Ryanair
Change in Critical Success Factors for BA
BA's Response to Ryanair
From the Paper
"With triple the costs of Ryanair, BA had relied on premium business travelers and transatlantic flights to absorb its expensive operations. And, it had not encountered meaningful competition from no-frills airlines. Therefore, the real critical factors for BA's success were first-rate service and ample capacity across a large portfolio of destinations. As the market turned south because of a variety of issues such as economic recession, disease and terrorism, BA was ill prepared to readily streamline its operations and change its marketing strategy."
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