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The Crash of Arrow Airs DC-8 Flight December 12, 1985, 2002.
This paper investigates the cause of the crash of an American military plane in Ganders, Newfoundland in 1985.
1,835 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper is an examination and analysis of the facts presented by both the American and Canadian investigators regarding the crash of the Arrow Airs DC-8 in December 1985. The paper begins with a recap of the crash and the possible causes that were put forth by both countries which have held to their position that it was caused by ice on the wings of the plane. The author presents evidence that this crash was caused by an explosive device, planted by terrorists and goes into great detail as to the why this theory has been so carefully guarded by both governments. This paper raises several issues about the circumstances surrounding the crash including speculation that this was a deliberate act of terrorism and presents different reports about the events leading up to the plane's departure from Egypt. It also discusses the findings of aeronautical engineers who investigated the findings at the crash site and presents testimony from the government hearings held in both Canada and the United States.
From the Paper
"The 101st division was one of four divisions that made up the Multinational Force and Observers. The purpose of MFO was to operate checkpoints and conduct reconnaissance patrols along the international boundary lines. Every six months the troops were rotated. This was a massive undertaking and involved the cooperation of the Egyptians to insure that the utmost security precautions were taken (Sandford pg). However, from the moment the troops from the 101st were to depart from the Sinai, a sequence of events occurred that were far from normal procedure. Ras Nasrani airport had always been used as the airport of departure for the troops. But at the last minute Army officials were notified that Ras Nastrani airport could not accommodate large planes due to construction being conducted on the main runway. Therefore, the troops were flown by Egypt Air Boeing 737s to the Cairo International Airport."
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Macroeconomics and Transportation Sector, 2002.
A study of transportation issues from a broader perspective, and the need to apply macroeconomic principles.
925 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 2 sources, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper studies current economic problems in the transportation sector and explains how levels of supply and demand affect the demand curve. It describes how macroeconomic theories aid in resolving industrial or national issues. The paper also examines the role of government in macroeconomic policies.
From the Paper
"Macroeconomics deals with economy on a larger scale and studies the principles of economics as they pertain to the whole industry and not just one firm. This helps in understanding national economic problems of inflation, unemployment, slow GDP growth, lower productivity etc. Therefore it is important to apply macroeconomics principles when we want to study and understand the problems being encountered by any economic system."
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The First Flight, 2002.
An essay on the first successful airplane flight by the Wright brothers.
1,455 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 4 sources, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a recounting of the events that led to the first flight by Orville and Wilbur Wright, and how these brothers were able to succeed where many others had failed. The steps involved in the development and experiments at Kitty Hawk are outlined.
From the Paper
"A new age in technology and human achievement dawned on a bitterly cold, windy December morning in 1903 at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, as a self-propelled, heavier than air 'flying-machine' called the Flyer took-off and remained air-borne for 12 seconds--a distance of just 37 meters (120 ft). The two young men who made this flight possible and redefined the boundaries of human achievement will forever be remembered by history. How did the Wright brothers achieve this remarkable feat is a fascinating story that has inspired generations of young people and aspiring inventors during the last hundred years. The story is the subject of this essay. While recounting the events that led to the first flight we will also discuss why the Wright brothers (who had not even finished high school) were able to succeed in an effort in which so many others, including many renowned scientists, had failed.
Wilbur and Orville's interest in flying objects dated back to the time in 1878 when their father, a minister of the Church who traveled often, presented a rubber band-powered flying toy to the boys. Wilbur recalled later: "Instead of falling to the floor, as we expected, it flew across the room till it struck the ceiling, where it fluttered awhile, and finally sank to the floor ... lasted only a short time....but its memory was abiding." "
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Jet Lag:The Flyer's Dilemma, 2002.
An examination of the side effect of flying - jet lag and medical problems caused by it.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
Jet lag is one of the most common problems among domestic and international air travelers, causing a variety of physical and mental problems. This paper looks at these problems and provides a detailed list of suggestions to help overcome or minimalize jet-lag. These include rest, sleep, noise limitation, avoidance of alcohol, drinking of water and exercise.
From the Paper
"Jet lag is a common problem among air travelers, often affecting as many as 94% of long distance travelers. The most common cause of jet lag is rapid transit across a variety of worldwide time zones. The more time zones a person crosses, the greater the disruption of the internal body clock, which governs temperature, heartbeat, blood pressure, and physiological patterns, often resulting in disorientation and mental and physical fatigue. It is also a well-known fact among frequent fliers that their resistance is lowered, making them more susceptible to colds, flu, and stomach upsets."
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Glass Cockpit Technology, 2002.
An examination of this new technology, its advantages over the older traditional cockpit and what the future holds.
2,705 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 81.95
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Abstract
This paper explores an emerging technology known as the glass cockpit and explains the human factors that influence the implementation of this technology. This discourse describes the theoretical issues of the glass cockpit technology and the human factors associated with the invention and subsequent implementation of the technology. It also focuses on the advantages and disadvantages of the technology. The writer investigates the development of the technology and compares the glass cockpit technology with the traditional cockpit. It also discusses the military and civilian uses of the technology. Finally it explores the future trends of the glass cockpit.
From the Paper
"The term "Glass Cockpit" describes a cockpit in which all of the displays are painted onto the glass of a computer screen. Glass cockpits replace a number of, switches, gauges, and indicators with automated display systems. The use of computers to manage the on-board systems, allows pilots to describe what they want to observe at the exact time that they want to observe the indicator. Glass cockpits have allowed contemporary aircraft to require only two crewmembers as an alternative to the three needed by traditional cockpits. (Krell)"
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The Boeing Company, 2002.
A study of the organizational behaviorism of The Boeing Company.
1,445 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the Connexion in-flight Internet service as an opportunity to use organizational behaviorism in real world situations. It uses The Boeing Company as a case study and analyzes the opportunity provided by this new technology.
From the Paper
"The Boeing Company as well as many other companies has suffered greatly since the attacks of 9/11. This study will focus on the opportunity that the company has with the introduction of its' new Connexion in-flight Internet service. This Internet service will allow travelers access to the net, email and video services while flying to their destinations. American Aviation regulators certified the technology in May of this year. This would provide a huge opportunity for the company to increase profitability while providing a service to customers."
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Technology, Transportation and Society, 2002.
A discussion of transportation in the past and present and how it affects and is effected by technology and society.
3,945 words (approx. 15.8 pages), 15 sources, APA, $ 107.95
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Abstract
This paper begins with a brief history of the development of transportation, including land, air and sea travel. The link between transport and society are examined in terms of the effects on the economy, on business and on culture. Alternate forms of transport and new developments are outlined.
From the Paper
"Technology, transportation and society are three areas that are interlinked. Technology determines what transportation will exist. The transportation that exists determines how we will live and the nature of our society also determines what transportation is created.
Transportation systems have developed considerably in the last century, giving us the society we currently have. The major development in the last few decades is in technology, with this likely to have a significant impact on future transportation systems.
The current transportation systems have also resulted in several problems, mostly related to environmental and quality of life issues. An understanding of these problems is likely to result in better planning and application of future transportation systems."
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Yield Management, 2002.
A description of yield management and how it is applied to the aviation industry.
910 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses yield management, an economic stratagem that analyzes change in a demand pattern with a view to optimizing the profitability of a business, and how airline companies can benefit from it.
From the Paper
" We are in a period of time where the increasing competition forces businesses to formulate flexible as well as profitable strategies. Today management is more focussed upon understanding the subtle differences in the nature of relationship between demand and its determinants. The degree of responsiveness of demand with respect to changes in the determinants (factors) has become a subject of close introspection for the management. 'Elasticity of demand' is an important factor and plays a crucial role in the management decision-making process. Yield management is nothing but an economic stratagem that is applied in response to the change in demand pattern and with a view to optimizing the profitability of the business. "
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Airline Pricing, 2002.
A discussion on the multitude of interconnected issues of airline pricing.
1,280 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
The following paper discusses how there is no one aspect that stands out as a single determining factor of price per passenger or per flight. The writer examines how the air carriers act with the interest of maximizing revenue, whether that maximization occurs over time or with each flight. The condition of the company itself is also a major consideration in how the price analysts approach their job, which is also discussed in this paper.
From the Paper
"Is the company struggling on the brink of or within bankruptcy? Do they need to break even or come out far ahead of their competition in the market? Also, the conditions of airports themselves can be a determining factor, especially in the long run: "failure to expand capacity (of airports) will result in spilled demand and place an upward pressure on prices," ("Economics FAQs"). Because major hubs are experiencing a vast increase in air traffic, the resulting delays and decreased quality of service adversely affects demand. Decreased demand implies an increase in prices to compensate for lack of revenue. The Law of Demand is probably the key factor in determining price of air travel; its ancillary clauses including Demand Elasticity are also primary factors. Finally, we must consider the day-to-day decisions made by the airlines to determine what price changes to put into effect. These day-to-day tactics, described in Wells, involve the different fare levels and rules and restrictions placed on tickets. Significant variables influencing these decisions include peak/off peak seasons and other load-determining factors."
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Strikes on the Air Zones, 2002.
This paper takes a look at labor disputes in connection with air travel.
1,550 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses such questions as to why there were air strikes in 2001, how the strikes were settled and why President Bush became involved with the air strikes.
From the Paper
"Almost every year the threat of airline strikes seem to happen. Approximately 97 percent of airline labor disputes will be solved without them going on strike. The airlines do not have good public relations. "In fact, the industry's very structure and the disagreement between labor and management about who runs the enterprise create persistent tensions even when the employees own the airline" (Freeman1). The pilot may believe that management is extraneous and themselves as indispensable."
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Aircraft Communication System, 2002.
A technical study of ACARS - Aircraft Communication Addressing and Reporting System.
2,033 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper describes how this system allows aircrafts to communicate and report to the ground and vice versa. It explains the processes involved, the transmitting of data on VHF frequencies that can be received and decoded. It is a digital data system in VHF (Aviation). It makes it possible for aviation companies to "communicate" and track the planes of their fleet.
From the Paper
"The Aeronautical Radio, Inc. (ARINC) maintains a huge worldwide VHF and HF voice network to provide operational radio communications for the aircraft industry. ACAR was designed and developed in the early eighties. It was produced to reduce the flight crew's workload by using modern computer technology to exchange many routine reports and messages. ACARS uses the AM mode because the same airborne VHF radio is often also used for voice communications. Burst transmissions are used with a limit of 220 characters per message. Transmissions often last less than one second."
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Pitts Special S-2B, 2002.
A paper which introduces the Pitts Special aircraft.
890 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses Pitts Special planes which are used specifically in aerobatic competitions and have been in operation since 1943 when Curtis Pitts designed his first special plane. The paper examines the features and purpose of Pitts S-2B which is one of the modern versions of the original Pitts Special aircraft.
From the Paper
"The range of Pitts Special then grew steadily and some other models were made available which were all used for aerobatic competitions and thus quickly gained popularity in the industry for their unique features and designs. Not only were these planes stronger than many other counterparts, their designs were also developed keeping in mind their purpose. This colorful range therefore attracted media and public attention when they participated in national air-shows and exhibitions. But it is important to know that Pitts Special range became more popular during the 1960s era when Curtis Pitts developed some constructions sets and sold them to amateurs for a price of $125 per set."
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Pitts Special Biplane, 2002.
This paper introduces and discusses the Pitts S-2B aircraft, and the history of the company that manufactures this aircraft, along with the inventor, Curtis H. Pitts.
840 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
The following paper examines how the Pitts planes revolutionized aerobatic performance and competition. The writer discusses how flying in the 60's was redefined with the introduction of the S1-S Pitts Special, a small, powerful and agile biplane that dominated the sport during the period. This paper argues that the tiny Pitts was a marked contrast to the large Yak-52 monoplane used by the USSR and other eastern block countries.
From the Paper
"Pitts Specials, in all their varieties, are eager to please. And they respond well to a loving touch. They become transparent and take on the personality of the pilot, making him, or her, the composer. The Pitts lets them write the melody as they alone hear it" (Davisson).
While it is still a very popular training and show aircraft, the Pitts S-2B is no longer in production, is has been superceded by the Pitts S-2C. Replacement parts can still be purchased from Aviat Aircraft of Afton, Wyoming. "To many pilots, their Pitts Special becomes more than an airplane. It becomes a living, breathing entity that completes them both as people and as pilots. Maybe that's the real gift of Curtis Pitts. It's not so much the victories, as what he has added to so many lives. Few people make that kind of contribution to the world. But then, few people have designed the likes of a Pitts Special."
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Artificial Intelligence in the Cockpit, 2002.
A paper which describes the use of artificial intelligent systems in the cockpit.
2,600 words (approx. 10.4 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 78.95
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Abstract
The author of this paper shows how the technologies critical to the U.S. for new weapons systems have become increasingly available in the global marketplace and thus are accessible to its potential adversaries as well. The paper provides an extensive review of the artificial intelligent systems currently used by the U.S. military aviation and their advantages.
From the Paper
"It is CIE's job to determine what these actions mean right now, in the current situation. This explanation is formed based on current understanding of intent, situations in the external world, and knowledge about acceptable behavior in the cockpit.
"Understanding crew intentions is really only one function of CIE that ensures human-centered RPA behavior. CIE also dynamically identifies conflicts between the current crew intentions and RPA activities as posted by RPA's internal Task Network Architecture (TNA) scheduler. The TNA is the mechanism that coordinates RPA aiding activities. CIE can identify potentially counterproductive RPA behaviors and transmit an indication of conflict and also type of conflict so that the RPA Task Network can possibly identify a way to complete its scheduled tasks without being counterproductive to the crew's objectives."
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Aircraft and Safety, 2002.
An analysis of safety issues surrounding air travel.
2,900 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 21 sources, APA, $ 85.95
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Abstract
The author of this paper shows that despite the publicity surrounding accidents involving aircraft, air travel remains one of the safest modes of travel. The paper investigates all the issues involved in ensuring the safety of air travelers, including the FAA, aircraft technology and instrumentation. The author also mentions an adoption of more stringent in-flight security standards after September 11.
From the Paper
"The companies that manufacture airplanes also carry on continuous and intensive R & D. Boeing has resumed "very in-depth" Sonic Cruiser experiments, which were put on hold due to the September 11th attack. The aircraft industry is involved in constant design changes and different material utilization to improve the performance of aircrafts (Broderick, 2002). While advantages introduced by the Sonic Cruiser's could be used in today's current air traffic environment, more advanced ATC procedures or special flight-path considerations will be needed to have the plane perform as advertised closer to the ground. The planes equipped with the sonic cruisers, fast cruise speeds would be realistic today, because it will cruise at 45,000 feet and above, higher than any subsonic airliner."
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