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Osteoporosis in the US, 2007.
This paper presents information about osteoporosis, including its causes and treatments.
2,961 words (approx. 11.8 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 87.95
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Abstract
This paper provides an in-depth discussion on osteoporosis, including a description of the disease's symptoms, causes and treatment options. The paper also describes who is at risk for developing this condition and cites recent medical studies on osteoporosis. A large portion of the paper explores the impact of diet on osteoporosis. Finally, the paper presents various drug treatments for the condition from a scientific perspective.
From the Paper
"Records say that osteoporosis affects more than 25 million Americans (Mangels 2005). In 2001 alone, the approximate national direct expenditure for osteoporosis and fractures related to the condition was $17 billion and still rising. A person, especially a woman, needs 1,000 mg of calcium daily before menopause and 1,500 mg after menopause if she is not taking estrogen (American Family Physician 2004). Good sources of calcium are nonfat and low-fat dairy products, dried beans, sardines, broccoli, juices and cereals, which are fortified with calcium. Vitamin D helps the body absorb calcium and a woman needs 400-800 IU of the vitamin daily. Treatment of osteoporosis includes proper diet, exercising, quitting smoking and medicines, such as hormones (American Family Physician)."
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'Grumpier Old Men', 2006.
A review of the movie 'Grumpier Old Men', focusing primarily on issues relating to Alzheimer's disease.
2,607 words (approx. 10.4 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 78.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the movie 'Grumpier Old Men' focusing specifically on the character Max. The paper discusses how Max exhibits symptoms of depression, dementia, alcoholism and an unhealthy diet. The paper then goes on to discuss Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia, which is prevalent in the elderly.
From the Paper
"Alcohol addiction occurs gradually as drinking alcohol alters the balance of some chemicals in the brain, such as gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which inhibits impulsiveness, and glutamate, which makes the nervous system excited. Alcohol raises the levels of dopamine in the brain, which makes one feel good and in a pleasant state. Long-term consumption of alcohol can deplete or increase the levels of some chemicals, causing the body to crave alcohol to get back those good feelings or to avoid the negative ones. Low-self esteem or depression may makes one more likely to abuse alcohol. Having a friend who drinks regularly may promote excessive drinking. It is difficult to distance oneself from "enablers" or at least from their drinking habits (Mayo. 2006)."
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Alzheimer's Disease and Aricept, 2007.
This paper explores the efficiency of the drug Aricept in slowing the progression of Alzheimer's disease.
1,466 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses Alzheimer's, a disease of the brain, which makes the sufferer forget how to accomplish basic functions. The paper relates that, although there is not yet a specific cure for the disease, donepezil HCL, brand name Aricept, is said to help slow down the progression of the symptoms of the disease. The paper reveals that there are side effects, although the manufacturers claim they are mild and temporary. The paper notes the the long-term cost of the drug and the inconclusive research associated with it. The paper discusses, however, how companies were allowed to sponsor conferences where their post-marketing and preliminary studies were discussed and they recruited doctors to speak to the news media about Alzheimer's and Aricept.
From the Paper
"Alzheimer's Disease is a progressive form of pre-senile dementia, which is similar to senile dementia, except that it usually starts in the 40s or 50s, and with initial symptoms of impaired memory, then impaired thought and speech and, finally, complete helplessness (Lexico Publishing Group LLC 2006). It is a disease in the brain, which makes the sufferer forget how to use a key, walk, talk or eat (Liebman 2002). Recent statistics showed that approximately a third of all people older than 85 have Alzheimer's or another type of dementia. Around 1,000 are diagnosed with it each day in the US and records revealed that the number has been increasing."
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Feeding Tubes, 2007.
This paper presents a discussion about the use of feeding tubes at the end of life.
990 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the controversy regarding the use of feeding tubes at the end of life for terminal patients. The author presents the research from a nursing perspective. Additionally, the paper considers the questions of whether prolonging life with a feeding tube is in the best interest of the patient. The author includes an extensive literature review with regards to patients with dementia, cancer and other end of life issues and reviews what has been concluded about using feeding tubes at this stage. The writer also touches on the issue of living wills.
Outline:
Introduction
Literature Review
References
From the Paper
"The past few years have seen many controversial stories played out in the news regarding end of life feeding tubes and their use. Society lines up on both sides of the issue and hotly debate whether or not using a feeding tube at the end of one's life is something that should be done even if the patient is not capable of consenting. Meanwhile patients all over the nation languish between the two sides of the debate with their families trying to make the most humane and compassionate decision regarding the placement of a feeding tube into their loved one. Many studies have been conducted regarding the use of a feeding tube on a patient who is at the end of life with differing results. With a small risk in the actual placement of the tube the question centers around whether prolonging life with a feeding tube is really in the best interest of the patient. "
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Teenage and Elderly Driving, 2007.
This paper discusses the need for restrictions for young and elderly drivers.
1,862 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how for teenagers who seek liberty and thrill and for elderly people who want to escape loneliness and isolation, car driving can be and has been, as statistics have shown, a very dangerous weapon. The paper reveals that the brain of a 16-year-old is not developed enough to adequately respond to impulse control. The paper also shows how drivers 75 years old and older had a higher rate of fatal accidents nationwide in 2001 and 2002. The paper suggests proposals to ensure the health and safety of teenage and older drivers.
From the Paper
"The Registry of Motor Vehicles reported that approximately a third of 16-year-old drivers got involved in serious crashes in Massachusetts alone (The Boston Globe 2006). A National Institutes of Health study found that the brain of a 16-year-old is not developed enough to adequately respond to impulse control and parental admonition or pressure cannot control that part of their youngster's brain, which weighs risks. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration also reported that 16-year-olds crash their cars thrice as much as 17-year-old new drivers and alcohol was not a major factor in the phenomenon."
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Senior Isolation, 2007.
A discussion on the isolation from community and family that is often experienced by the elderly.
778 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
The paper examines how senior citizens typically live alone and often find themselves isolated from family and the community. The paper explores how isolation may be caused by the death of a spouse or by the death of close friends and family members. The paper further examines how senior citizens may feel isolated due to employment retirement or chronic illness that may keep them from involvement in social activities. The paper analyzes how isolation may lead to a variety of negative effects. The paper concludes that social services can help by providing isolated seniors with meals on wheels programs, shopping buses, transportation to faith-based multi-service centers, fitness and health centers, as well as education programs.
From the Paper
"This isolation leads many seniors to develop alcohol and drug problems late in life, at a time when they are most vulnerable to medical conditions (Doup). The elderly make up some 11 percent of the U.S. population, yet they take more than 35 percent of the drugs prescribed, such as blood pressure medication, sleep medication, and tranquilizers, all of which created a toxic cocktail when mixed with alcohol, causing everything from dizziness to death (Doup). One of the most significant physiologic consequences of alcohol use in seniors is the effect on the cardiovascular system, because anginal pain may be deadened and/or ignored, leading to myocardial infarction (Bosworth)."
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Depression & the Elderly, 2007.
This paper describes the symptoms and treatment options for older adults suffering from depression.
938 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper details the symptoms of depression as they appear in the elderly, with additional emphasis on the treatment options for this population. The writer gives reasons why depression is often misdiagnosed in the elderly and further discusses the consequences. Treatment options and outcomes are also discussed. The author concludes that the elderly will be better served when an effort is made to truly understand the many needs and facets of their lives.
From the Paper
"Depression in seniors often is hidden within psychosomatic complaints--in other words, masked under the guise of physical conditions such as backaches, stomachaches, headaches, or even insomnia. However, seniors, also, like young adults with depression, can complain of feeling sad, losing interest in fun activities, or losing their appetite for food as well as sex. These patients complain of anxiety and sleep disturbance along with their sad feelings. Whether an individual comes in with somatic complaints or clear-cut depressive features, there is a definite generational difference in the way people perceive depression. Part of the treatment has to do with convincing the patient that depression is a true illness--nothing to feel guilty about. ("Fighting Depression in Senior," 1994)"
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Natural Disasters and the Elderly, 2007.
This paper discusses the psychological and emotional stress experienced by older adults as a result of natural disasters.
831 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper explores many of the emotional issues the elderly encounter when faced with a natural disaster. The author addresses feelings of vulnerability and isolation that are particular to the senior population. The writer also discusses how problems the elderly already experiences, such as mental health issues and dementia, may be compounded by a natural disaster. A natural disaster may also bring out previous traumas from the senior's life. The author concludes that natural disasters can increase and exacerbate stress and anxiety in the elderly and possibly lead to serious psychological issues.
From the Paper
"Studies have also focused on the fact that the elderly experience certain identifiable and particular stress factors and vulnerabilities in the face of natural disasters. "We must acknowledge that certain vulnerabilities exist among many elders and that these vulnerabilities are likely to intensify at times of disaster and during the often lengthy recovery process" (Oriol W.) The realization of the vulnerability of older people to disaster is evidenced by the collaboration between Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) and The National Council on the Aging (NCOA), in bringing an important resource to communities to improve crisis counseling for the elderly. (Oriol W.) Therefore there is a growing body of research which mirrors the concern about the effects of emotional and psychological stress on the elderly in times of natural disaster."
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Elderly Depression and Suicide, 2007.
This paper examines the suicide and depression rate of elderly individuals today and explores what can be done to lower these rates.
4,823 words (approx. 19.3 pages), 20 sources, MLA, $ 123.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that the elderly have much to offer the younger population and this can give them a strong sense of purpose. However, the paper shows how, for too many of these individuals, this is not the case and they end up feeling alone and depressed, which eventually leads to suicide. The paper examines major depressive disorder, dysthymic disorder and bipolar disorder. The paper provides a literature review that deals with the treatment for depression and the risk of suicide in the elderly population. The paper also discusses methods of suicide prevention.
Outline:
Abstract
Summary
Introduction and Rationale
Previous Theory and Research
Strengths and Gaps in the Literature
Conclusion and Recommendations
From the Paper
"Literature into the issue of depression and the suicide rate where elderly people are concerned is important for several reasons. Consider these facts: The highest rate of suicide in the United States is among the elderly population. Moreover, suicide rates steadily increase as age advances in individuals of all races and both genders. Those that are 65 years and older successfully complete suicide attempts 50% more often than the national average. Every 90 minutes a senior citizen in the United States commits suicide. Population experts estimate that by 2030, the elderly population will be about 20% of the population-about 75 million people (Heisel, 2004). Clearly, the problem of suicide among the elderly is significant and if left unaddressed can be expected to increase."
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Medicare Prescription Drug Modernization Act, 2006.
A discussion regarding the role of the pharmaceutical lobby in the passage of the Medicare Prescription Drug Modernization Act.
2,740 words (approx. 11.0 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 81.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the success of the Medicare Prescription Drug Modernization Act. According to this paper, the US Government claims that it is a vital source for the elderly and disabled Americans. The paper further discusses how many critics have become doubtful about who actually gains from this act. This paper evaluates dynamics of the relationship between the Pharmaceutical lobby and Congress by revealing how this lobby manages to persuade the decision making in Washington.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Literature Review
Research Design
Limitations of the Research
Validity and Reliability of the Results
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The analytical strategy that will be employed in this paper will firstly identify the gravity of the situation at hand relating to how the drug companies have been influencing the policymaking taking place in Washington and the impact of these policies on the American people as well as, drug companies. Appropriate theories and facts will be given to prove not only the seriousness of the situation but also the validity of the arguments. Also, a brief overview will be given of the past and present situation by evaluating the strengths, weaknesses of the past and present trends and the emerging opportunities and threats. Furthermore, the most pertinent and possible factors relating to the topic (how the drug companies have been influencing the policymaking taking place in Washington and the impact of these policies on the American people as well as, drug companies) will be analyzed and thereafter a thorough examination of possible variables and alternates will be conducted. "
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Retirement Saving and Investing, 2007.
This paper examines the different options available to Americans for saving for retirement.
2,412 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses issues Americans face when planning for retirement. Various problems are discussed, including the drawbacks of 401(k) savings plans, 403(b) savings and IRAs. The author includes a literature review, which concludes that most Americans do not save enough for a comfortable retirement. The writer includes reasons why Americans are not saving properly. Also considered is the declining value of the dollar.
Outline:
Americans Do Not Save
The Decreasing Dollar
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Our national policy does not encourage investing or saving, as the tendency for spending is in vogue in top government and the national debit climbs higher than it ever has. "The Brookings Institution warns that if we do nothing for the next 10 year, problems will get so bad that balancing the budget would require a 40 percent plus cut in benefits and spending, or offsetting tax increases. They acknowledge that politically nothing will be done until a crisis explodes." (cited in Farrell, 2006) The value of the dollar continues to decline on the world market and it does affect the average American."
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Age Discrimination, 2007.
This paper presents a detailed examination of an age discrimination case.
2,836 words (approx. 11.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 84.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how the nation's legislatures have made it illegal to intentionally discriminate against anyone based on his or her age. The paper examines the case of Gerald Woythal who filed a suit alleging age discrimination. The paper explains that while Woythal failed to prove his case, this lawsuit highlights several things his company should have done to prevent liability. The paper discusses the importance of documenting conversations, not making statements that can be construed as discriminatory and seeking legal counsel any time there are doubts about an upcoming action or decision to be made.
Outline:
Introduction
The Case
The Issues
Analysis
Decision
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Advances in medical science have made it possible to live longer than ever before. This increase in life span has also increased the number of years that many people choose to work. There are many benefits to working including personal fulfillment, additional income and social opportunities that would otherwise be missed. But what happens when a company decides an employee is to old to be productive? What happens when the company realizes that it can lay off an older worker and bring in two younger workers for the same price? These are issues being faced across the nation on a frequent basis by an aging workforce."
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Music Therapy and Alzheimer's Disease, 2007.
This paper describes the use of music therapy with Alzheimer's patients.
991 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an examination of the impact that music has on Alzheimer's disease. The writer explores the reduction of Alzheimer's symptoms that have been shown with the use of music therapy and explores future use of the therapy. The author concludes that music therapy has proven itself to be a mainstay in Alzheimer's patients comprehensive treatment plans.
From the Paper
"In recent years medical science has made advances that have provided a longer lifespan than ever before, however, with that lifespan increase comes a higher incidence of Alzheimer's disease. While Alzheimer's disease can strike at any age it is typically seen in the elderly and the symptoms can be devastating. People watch their parents lose their memories, forget who they are and become a danger to themselves with their forgetful actions. "
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Elderly Substance Abuse, 2007.
This paper examines the issue of substance abuse in the elderly.
2,065 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at the extent and symptoms of alcohol abuse among the elderly as well as the incidences and symptoms of drug abuse. The paper then evaluates different therapy programs and treatment options for elderly substance abusers. The paper explains that this abuse among the elderly is caused by a variety of reasons, ranging from physical symptoms to neglect. Because of this, the paper maintains it is important for family members and caregivers to act upon the early symptoms of alcohol and drug abuse.
Outline:
Alcoholism
Substance Abuse Issues
Treatment Options
From the Paper
"Stereotypes of elderly people include the crotchety grandfather, the kindly grandmother or a gentle older person who tells stories of years gone by. The elderly are associated with concepts such as infirmity, illness and wisdom. Furthermore, as baby boomers retire, the "post-60" years are being seen as times of continued activity and productivity. More advances are therefore being made to address the diseases that previously plagued those in the post-retirement years."
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Early Retirement, 2007.
An argument for the reduction in retirement age for the general population.
2,194 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
The paper contends that retirement should be mandatory and it should take place between the ages of 55 and 57. The paper discusses the benefits involved, including opportunities for volunteer work, more freedom and lower healthcare expenses for employers. The paper notes the concern that without a sufficient pension, retirees will become a burden on the state. The paper concludes that an earlier retirement age should be the way companies work since they would save a lot of money. This would allow them to look after the newer generation and future of the country while retirees use their experiences to help others.
Outline:
Introduction
Benefits
Opposition
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Society is always changing. It is not something that can ever be avoided, and in many ways this is a good thing. A society that is not willing to grow and change will simply stagnate instead of continuing to evolve into something that is even better than it was in the first place. Not all of society's changes are good or bad, however. Some changes are simply changes, and they must be accepted as such. One of these changes is the fact that the population of America is becoming older overall as people are living longer. Even though there are many people being born, there are large groups of baby boomers and others that are reaching retirement age. This has many implications for the future."
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