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Literature Review of Hazing in Sports, 2002.
A paper which discusses the merits of "hazing" in the world of sport.
3,230 words (approx. 12.9 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 93.95
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Abstract
Hazing has been described as a humiliating act or initiation one must take part in in order to be accepted into a sports group or team. This paper shows how hazing is increasingly becoming problematic for society. Its supporters extol the virtues of the practice by focusing on its ability to build character and a strong bond between team veterans and rookies and opponents of the practice justifiably proclaim the practice's elements of barbarism and sadism. The paper compares the two perspectives regarding the merits of hazing. It discusses, too, the literature which has been written about this practice and examines the different points of view proffered by the many analysts on this particular subject. The author of the paper surmises that only in investigating the pros and cons of these initiation rites can we understand how entrenched this problem has become in the minds of the people who continue to conduct this barbaric practice.
From the Paper
"There has been a lot of literature in the past that has addressed the problem of hazing in athletics. Most of the research agrees that there is a consistency in the arguments for hazing. One popular opinion is that older team members haze younger team member potentials in order to assert their leadership. However, hazing does not have to be the vehicle to assert this authority. In fact, the most obvious method of displaying leadership is on the playing field as opposed to shaving a member's hair off. Another common argument for hazing is that it instils fear and respect in the hearts of younger members when interacting with their more esteemed and older teammates. However, isn't it more important to create a bond between teammates and instil that fear and awe in the opposing team? Also, respect should be earned, not demanded."
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Greek Art and Sculpture, 2002.
An analysis of how nudity was a fact of ancient Greek daily life and how the art--statues-- reflected the Greeks? acceptance of it.
1,828 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 20 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
The following paper examines how all Greek sports, even the Olympic events, were performed in the nude. This paper examines how nudity in and of itself wasn?t the purpose of the art, but was used to best represent the images. The writer explores how women were banned from the Olympics because it was held in a sacred area. This paper also explores how the the nudity in sports gave sculptors a reason to study the human body more closely, and its proportion and movements. The writer traces back early attempts to capture the human form and examines how over time, nude sculptures became smoother and more realistic, while still adhering to the quest for the ideal.
From the Paper
"Even though sculptors eventually worked out the proportions in their work. the Greeks were not known for experimentation with style. Once they found an image that was pleasing, they tended to stick with it. The typical male statue, the Kouros style, had a very distinct pattern that was followed: ?The figure stands erect and strictly frontal with his left leg advanced, his arms tense at his sides with fists clenched. Details are represented with strength and simplicity. The eyes are big and almond-shaped, the ears large and so carved as to form a kind of decorative adjunct; the essential parts of the body are clearly defined and subject to an established canon of proportions, while muscles and bones form surface patterns on the marble. The work already has those qualities of grandeur and proportion which characterize all the best Greek sculpture throughout its history.? (Carver) The male form was the highest level of ideal beauty."
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Physical Education in Elementary School, 2001.
A look at the importance of exercise and physical education to young school children.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 24.95
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Abstract
This paper briefly examines the advantages and shows the importance that this topic be taught and instructed by trained professionals in order for the exercise to have the most benefit. Advantages listed are teaching healthy living habits, better concentration in lessons and higher self esteem.
From the Paper
"The evidence is clear that physical education needs to be an important part of education at the elementary school level. It needs to be taught by trained physical education teachers who understand the need to instill a love of an active lifestyle and who have access to adequate materials and equipment to do their jobs well. This will enrich the quality of their lives because a variety of vital activities are part of their life, and it will help them establish and maintain good physical health. All children should be included in such a program, including those with physical limitations (Kalakian, 2001)."
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Johannesburg, 2009.
An overview and description of the city of Johannesburg, South Africa.
2,021 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
The paper outlines the history of Johannesburg, also known as Jozi, and describes the districts of Sandton and Soweto. The paper then focuses on cultural places of interest, fun activities, anthropological interests, shopping experiences and football stadiums. The paper labels Johannesburg as a world in one city that looks forward to welcoming people from all over the globe as one of the major host cities for the 2010 FIFA World Cup.
Outline:
History
Famous For
Sandton
Soweto
Places To Go
Football
From the Paper
"Those who call Jozi home will tell you that there is something very special about the bustling city. The financial strong arm of Africa is a cultural explosion of diversity, with virtually every African and international identity represented in the city of gold. From China town, to Greek, Italian and Portuguese communities sharing common ground with Nigerian nationals and Argentinian businessmen, Johannesburg is a melting pot of diversity where all ages, races and nationalities come together to form a proud world-class city."
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1972 Olympic Basketball Travesty, 2008.
Details the three issues that created the 1972 Olympic basketball travesty against the U.S.
940 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, amidst the Cold War and the killing of 11 Israeli Olympic team members by Arab terrorists, the 1972 United States Olympic basketball team took to the court in Munich, Germany, and lost ... or were the players cheated by the Soviets? Dating back to 1936, no American team had ever lost in men's basketball in Olympic play. The author describes the final game between the U.S. and the Soviet Union, which was marred by controversy. After the loss, the paper relates, the U.S. team players refused to accept their silver medals.
From the Paper
"This is where the strange confusion begins. After the Soviets in-bounded the ball, the officials halted the game for the first time. The officials decided to put three seconds back onto the clock because it was believed that the Soviet Team tried to call a time-out between Collins' free throws. The officials never acknowledged the Soviet time-out at the time; nonetheless, the additional seconds was granted; the first of a few "issues" that seemed to stack against the United States."
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Performance Enhancing Substances, 2005.
Looks at the use of performance enhancing substances among athletes.
1,340 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, because performance enhancing drugs promote rapid muscle growth that result in loss of immune system structure, they pose a considerable health risk to the athlete. Nonetheless, steroids and nutritional supplements have been widely used by professional athletes and teen athletes to enhance physical appearance, increase muscle mass and size and give more energy thus improving performance. The paper points out the social problems created by these drugs and describes programs that attempt to curtail the use.
Table of Contents:
Health Risks; Benefits vs. Adverse Health Effects
Society Effects of Performance Enhancing Substances
Education and Youth
College and Professional Athletics
Overall Implications of Athletes Using Performance Enhancing Substances
From the Paper
"The risks of using these supplements out weigh the benefits. Creatine is one over the counter supplement that has many side effects including stomach pain, nausea, diarrhea and muscle cramps, kidney, liver or heart problems and possibly high blood pressure. When taking these supplements the muscles begin to draw water away from the rest of the body and this can cause serious dehydration. Another supplement, Androstenedione, which has been banned and is considered "a controlled substance", has negative side effects as well testicular atrophy in males and lessened sperm count."
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Diet and Athletic Performance, 2009.
A review of how a change in diet can improve an individual's health and athletic condition.
3,422 words (approx. 13.7 pages), 31 sources, APA, $ 96.95
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Abstract
The paper analyzes the findings of a dietary analysis for an individual client which assesses diet and physical activity over a three-day period. The paper notes that, based on this information, a set of recommendations are discussed in order to change the client's diet to improve the general health and ensure that performance outcomes and goals are reached with the aid of nutrition. The paper highlights the patient's physical indexes and points out that the person is a physically active endurance runner, training for a marathon. The paper comments that the individual recorded all nutritional intakes over a three-day period and that information was submitted for analysis which was accomplished using the Diet Master nutritional software. The paper discusses the results and recommendations. The paper is illustrated with tables.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Methodology
Experimental Procedure
Method of Data Analysis
Results
Discussion
Aims and Objectives
From the Paper
"Carbohydrates are the primary use for energy source. Carbohydrates are classified according to the number of simple sugars linked within the molecule, monosaccharide, disaccharides and polysaccharide. Glycogen is the stored form of glucose, which is obtained through the breakdown of carbohydrates, stored in the muscles and liver. Wolinsky & Hickson ) stated that for a person participant in sporting activity, 7 to 10g.kg.day should consume to sufficiently guarantee that carbohydrate store are fully supplied or replenished."
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Arsene Wenger, 2009.
An analysis of Arsene Wenger as the perfect manager according to Western science and Eastern Zen.
2,096 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper details the characteristics that go together to make the perfect company manager. It focuses on the the manager of Arsenal Football Club (AFC) in England, Arsene Wenger, who has been uniquely successful in taking his club from zeroes to heroes by using a combination of both Western science and Eastern Zen and looks at his background from his education through to his financial success as the longest-serving manager in Arsenal's history and also the most successful in terms of trophies won.
From the Paper
"Arsene Wenger was born in Strasbourg (France) near the border of Germany in 1949. His upbringing and education is therefore a mix of French artistic sensibility coupled with a strong German work ethic and attention to science. Wenger realizes the importance of a good formal education to being a good manager. He has a degree in engineering and a Master's degree in economics. He is a fluent speaker of French, German and English, as well as speaking some Japanese, Spanish and Italian. In the English Premier League, traditionally a blue collar domain, the urbane and educated Wenger stands out and has thus attained the nickname 'professor'. Although his degrees and languages may not seem to have any immediate connection with his success as a soccer coach, the success of Wenger as we'll see is very much down to his holistic outlook on performance and how being a rounded, high-performing manager is critical to this."
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Olympic Games and World Peace, 2008.
This paper looks at the contribution of the Olympic Games towards cultural understanding and world peace.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer maintains that holding the Olympic Games is one of the best ways to promote cultural understanding between countries. It is a great opportunity to show a country's cultural essence to the world because people from different countries flood into the host country for the Olympic Games. The writer notes that the 29th Olympic Games in Beijing is one of the best examples of how much the Olympic Games can promote cultural understanding for one country to the whole world. The writer points out that by holding this event, China provided an opportunity for both domestic people and overseas tourists to experience a combination of Olympic and Chinese cultures. The writer discusses that the dark side in the Olympic Games truly exists, because everything is a paradox, but people can still find ways to solve the conflicts with mutual comprehension through the peaceful power of the Olympic Games. The writer concludes that the International Olympic Committee brings people from all over the world together, which allows people from different background to establish friendship while competing in the friendly sporting contests.
From the Paper
"All the tourists see the true appearance of the country, and they bring their experiences and feelings about the host country back to their own countries. China, the host country of the 29th Olympic Games, is an outstanding example, demonstrating the advantages of the Olympics. Foreigners had a great opportunity to learn the essence of Chinese culture during the Olympic Games. Moreover, the Chinese also gained a chance to comprehend other cultures through communication with foreign people. The 29th Olympic Games not only showed the sporting ability of China but also represented the development of China. Although some protests, which were instigated by The Dalai Lama, occurred during the torch relay, the Beijing Olympics was still a powerful tool for promoting and inspiring world peace."
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Sport Lifestyle Evaluation, 2007.
Describes in detail the author's seven week project to evaluate the impact of his lifestyle on his sports ability and health.
2,995 words (approx. 12.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 88.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that gaining the competitive advantage over the next person in sport is a matter of balancing out several things in one's life. The author relates that he recorded his eating habits, sleep, exercise, weight, hours of academic work and of hockey training and mood for a period of seven weeks to see if living an active and healthy lifestyle really does have an impact on your life, both physically and mentally. The paper reports the importance of moderating harmful lifestyle practices and that keeping this log resulted in some more positive lifestyle changes.
From the Paper
"My pulse rate began to go down ever so slightly each week during my exercises and work outs. For example midway through my study in the middle of week three my pulse rate went down to 132. I think this is partly because of me getting physical exercise more and more with each preceding day during the study. On the last week of my study I had a low pulse rate of 106. For me, this was quite significant as it meant that my pulse had gone down by 41. I think my pulse rate went down this much in just seven weeks because I began to take more walks and runs which as we know helps to reduce stress and clear the head."
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Racism in Sports: Mascots and Logos, 2008.
An examination of the arguments for and against the use of Native- American logos and names in sports.
2,304 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper examines racism in sports as a serious global issue today. The writer discusses some incidents of racism in sports worldwide and then focuses on the widespread use of Native-American mascots and names for elementary school all the way up to the professional level. The writer presents several arguments for and against using names and mascots derived from the Native-American people. The paper concludes that sports should always be free from such controversies and the best way to do this is to avoid the use of names and mascots that hurt the feelings of other people and belittle their culture.
Outline:
History of Racism in Sports
Sports Team Names and Mascots Derived from Indigenous People
Arguments Supporting the Use of Native American Mascots and Names
Arguments Against the Use of Native American Mascots and Names
From the Paper
"There have been a number of racists events in sports like football, baseball, basketball, cricket and many other games which defame not only the players involved in the game but the game itself. This is the reason why the sporting bodies have adopted strict laws to eradicate racism from their sports. In the year 1995 Essendon Football club player Michael Long filed a complained with the Australian Football League against Damian Monkhorst from Collingwood Football club which was widely investigated throughout that year. The Herald Sun revealed some controversial incidents that came to light when it conducted a special investigation into racism in junior Aussie Rules. There have been many other racists events targeting black individuals. However, the most worrying racists events are those targeted at a particular ethnic race or group of people. Use of Native American mascots and names of ethnic groups has been in practice for a long time and this tradition continues to be used in naming school sports teams in United States of America and Canada. This practice of "playing Indian" has been found to be in practice since 1700s."
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Dawn Staley: A Basketball Giant., 2008.
This paper is an essay on the life and achievements of Dawn Staley.
1,830 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
In this essay, the author examines the life of Dawn Staley, from her early childhood in Philadelphia as the daughter of a working class family, her introduction to basketball to her career through high school, university and the Olympic Games. The paper chronicles her development both as a player, a coach and her evolution into a role model for all women. The writer describes her induction into the WNBA and her progress as a professional women basketball player leading to her career as a professional women's basketball coach.
From the Paper
"On and off the court, Dawn Staley has been a positive influence for female athletes. Whether it is Dawn Staley, the basketball player or Coach Dawn Staley or she is heading up her foundation, she seems to always give her very best. Staley is a perfect example of a person who has taken their natural born abilities and done the best that she could with them. As a starting player and member of the WNBA, she blazed an avenue for other female athletes to follow. Much like the vapors that follow a comet's tail as it streaks through the sky. As a coach, she has given other female athletes the opportunity to be better players just as Pat Summit did for many players at the University of Tennessee. Dawn Staley has not forgotten to give back to the community that helped her get where she is today nor has she kept the benefits of her experience to herself. Even if she was to stop having anything else to do with basketball, the indelible mark she has left on women's basketball is undeniable."
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Summer Youth Camp Programs, 2007.
An examination of the importance of and need for summer youth programs in urban areas.
5,088 words (approx. 20.4 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 127.95
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Abstract
This research paper discusses the need and importance of developing positive summer youth programs in urban areas, focusing on the development of recreational and educational curriculum. Kids in these areas are at risk when there is "nothing to do", during the summer months. The paper looks at how it is important to ensure that the physical activity provided is fun and challenging because recreation is the draw for the children and parents. The paper also emphasizes that it is important to provide an experience that goes beyond just learning to play a particular sport, but one that also helps to develop social skills and plays a major role in the quality of a child's life and the quality of life in an urban environment.
Outline:
Abstract Statement
Problem Statement
Literature Review
Methodology
Body (Lowell Housing Authority Survey)
Survey Results
Statement of Learning
References
From the Paper
"Most rural towns have greater means and opportunity to provide diverse programs for children in those communities. Urban areas often struggle to provide good quality positive programs. Although programs are important all year round to supplement a child's learning process, the summer provides an opportunity for all children to be immersed in programs that have a profound affect upon them. This study focuses on the need and importance of developing positive programming in urban areas. Children in most urban areas have fewer opportunities available to them and are at risk of becoming negatively affected by their environment. The importance of having a summer program available in urban areas is critical and the impact changes the course of many children's lives."
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The Future Of Sports, 2007.
This paper looks at the future of sports and discusses whether athletes are going too far in order to reach their goals.
1,535 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that sports have always been a positive for society in many different ways. They are a great way to stay healthy, they provide an outlet for stress and aggression and they teach important life skills such as teamwork and fair play, just to name a few. Modern day sports still encompass all of these positives but as salaries for athletes skyrocket, so does the motivation to be the best. The writer discusses that this increased motivation is not a negative but the means by which athletes try and improve themselves can sometimes be questionable. The writer notes that the main problem is undoubtedly steroids; however, there are other issues such as using an agency to 'sell' an athlete to a college, which by many is considered going too far. The writer concludes that the only way to turn the direction sports is taking is to be more vigilant in efforts to catch drug cheats and to discourage athletes from using underhanded tactics in order to succeed in the sporting arena.
From the Paper
"This reaction is understandable because if other players are using then the athlete is left with the question of how they are going to be able to compete against the many other players that have an edge over them. This band wagon type effect could easily be stopped if the initial users were either caught or discontinued their use. The moral side of the story is another factor to do with the willingness of athletes to do whatever it takes.
"As sports have attracted greater media attention, athletes have been turned into not only super starts but also role models. What kid didn't look at their favorite athlete and want to be just like them? This creates a moral obligation for athletes. By taking any means necessary to advance in their chosen sport athletes are also giving that message to the public. This can send a dangerous message to children because when they find out their favorite athlete and hero is cheating. "
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Sponsors of the Olympics, 2008.
A persuasive essay against certain company sponsorships of the Olympic Games.
1,826 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the Olympic sponsorship and advertising by companies such as McDonalds, Coke and Budweiser and decries the negative messages that are transmitted to the public through the association of athletes with these unhealthy products. The paper provides evidence of the International Olympic Committee (IOC)'s commitment to its premier sponsors like McDonalds. The paper strongly believes that the IOC should devise a process to select its sponsors not based on the capital they are willing and able to provide, but on the basis of the worth they have to provide to the Olympic Games.
From the Paper
"In No Logo, Naomi Klein claims that Nike has three guiding principles to branding sports: "Create sport celebrities...destroy the competition...and sell pieces of the brand as if it were the Berlin Wall" (51-66). This describes Nike's cutthroat attitude for sustaining its dominating status in the athletic industry. Supplying its sponsored athletes with the latest equipment, Nike is justified in their efforts to surpass their competition through Olympic sponsorships. However, there are some companies that seem out of place in the athletic world. Sponsors such as McDonalds, Coke, and Budweiser, have all provided evidence for the need of Olympic sponsorship screening because fast food, sugary sodas, and alcohol have no place in athletics."
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