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Masculinity and the First World War, 2008.
A review of Joanna Bourke's "Dismembering the Male: Men's Bodies, Britain and the Great War."
3,229 words (approx. 12.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 93.95
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Abstract
The paper critically examines Bourke's "Dismembering the Male: Men's Bodies, Britain and the Great War", which analyzes how the idealized male form and notions of masculinity were impacted by the events of the First World War. The paper discusses the book's arguments, its strengths and weaknesses and how it was received by the academic community. The paper concludes that the book is a mild disappointment despite some undeniable strengths.
From the Paper
"Bourke's book is chiefly concerned with how the idealized male form - vigorous, strong, assertive - and idealistic notions of masculinity were impacted by the events of the First World War; her conclusion is that there was as much continuity as there was change. For example, Bourke finds that the millions of British men who were maimed during the course of the great conflagration did not return home to a society which viewed them as passive or as weak because their bodies no longer measured up to the ideal male figure; instead, the society to which they returned viewed them (for the most part and at least initially until their status as warriors had slipped into the background) as objects of reverence and sympathy. On the other hand, those men who did not lose limbs in the war but returned home with the reputation as "malingerers" were held in contempt; in short, Bourke's book seems to argue that the idealized male body could be savaged in the most unsightly ways - but those men who had their physical beings damaged could still be viewed as men and as full members of the body politic insofar as they had honored their "masculine duties" on the field of battle."
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"White Noise" by Don DeLillo and "America" by Jean Baudrillard, 2003.
A discussion of postmodern America in the books "White Noise" by Don DeLillo and "America" by Jean Baudrillard.
1,719 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper examines postmodernism in the novel "White Noise" by Don DeLillo and the non-fiction book "America" by Jean Baudrillard. It explains that even though "White Noise" and "America" deal with reality and the undercurrents of postmodern life, both books are essentially different in their ultimate outlooks. The writer discusses Baudrillard's caustic view of American society and life in his book "America" and contrasts this with the perspective in "White Noise", which is more hopeful for America and its future, despite the dehumanization of postmodern living and the "white noise" it brings with it.
Outlook:
Introduction
White Noise & America
Conclusion
From the Paper
""White Noise" by Don DeLillo and Jean Baudrillard's "America" are, by technical definition, two very different books, the former being a novel and the second a non-fiction musing of a man's travels across the United States. However, both are very similar in that they offer an intense look into postmodern America, with its social relations being affected by society's preferred mediums - television, advertising, radio, and the process of simulacra - that is, the simulacrum that is vanity, a society which places value of false realities over real ones, where a hypperreality has replaced a real existence for human beings. Though both books tackle a reality which may not seem to exist, DeLillo's book at least has some hope for human beings and laughs at life's little hypocrisies, whereas Baudrillard offers little in the way of humor or hope."
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Globalization and the Welfare State, 2008.
A review of three academic articles about the impact of globalization on the European welfare state.
1,996 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper examines three articles, Mark Weisbrot's , "The Scorecard on Globalization, 1980-2000: Twenty Years of Diminished Progress", an International Monetary Fund article, "Globalization: Threat or Opportunity?" and Robert Estes' , "Trends in Social Development, 1970-1995: Development Prospects For a New Century," in order to determine how globalization has impacted the European welfare state. It then
attempts to determine why the social welfare state developed differently in Great Britain compared to other Western European states and why the different origins of social welfare states produced varied patterns of globalization policy development, and vice versa. In particular, it focuses on the impact of globalization on the fall of the social welfare state in Great Britain, for many economists have linked the growing inequality of income and wealth throughout Western Europe to globalization.
From the Paper
"Economic globalization is expanding and accelerating because capitalist institutions, ideology, and behaviors pervade much of the global economy. This translates into the dominance of capitalist market systems, market values, and market mechanisms. The reality of the world economy, however, is much more complex, and many people are increasingly frustrated by the negative economic aspects of globalization, for macroeconomic theory doesn't seem to affect them much, but a lost job because their company transfers its production facilities overseas because of cheaper labor does
affect them. "
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Carlo Ginzburg's "The Cheese and the World", 2007.
This paper discuses Carlo Ginzburg's book "The Cheese and the World" as a micro-history of the less considered aspects of 16th century Italy.
5,000 words (approx. 20.0 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 126.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Carlo Ginzburg's "The Cheese and the World"
relates, in the style of micro-history, the life of miller Menocchio (1532-1599) from the Italian district of Friuli, who was brought before the Inquisition in 1584 and 1599 on charges of heresy owing to his peculiar religious beliefs and was eventually burned at the stake. The author points out that Ginzburg, who is a noted micro-historian and expert on the Italian Renaissance and early modern European history, comments that Menocchio's predicament owed much to two great historical developments of his day: the advent of the printing press and the Reformation. The author suggests that most readers' perception of the Reformation and its surrounding culture will be upset by the way this book telescopes the arrival of the printing press into the thoughts of the later Renaissance as if these forces immediately changed consciousness.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
The Printing Press
The Reformation
1599 - What a Heretic Said
On Micro-History
Concluding Remarks
From the Paper
"In a manner much ahead of his time, Menocchio had argued that a religious person believed his faith to be true, just as the Christian believed that Christianity was the correct religion, with a remark too on people believing they embraced a superior culture when, in fact, who was to know this was true, or what an inferior culture might be. The inquisitor asked about the Three Rings and where Menocchio had encountered it, referring to a title as a prohibited book. Ginzburg explains how the Roman Catholic Church was by this time engaged in a "two-front war" against both high culture that would not conform to Counter-Reformation ideals and against popular culture that was showing more signs of questioning..."
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The Rites of Manhood in "The Odyssey", 2008.
An examination of the issue of marriage and the rites of manhood for Telemachus in "The Odyssey" by Homer.
856 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at why marriage and the rites of manhood are central reasons for the journey that Telemachus must undertake in search of his father, Odysseus, in "The Odyssey" by Homer. Telemachus is a young adult that desperately desires to see his father return, since his mother, Penelope, is under great pressure to remarry due to his 20-year absence. It examines Telemachus' journey into manhood to find his father, preventing his mother from remarrying and the loss of family honor.
From the Paper
"The first appearance of Telemachus in The Odyssey relates directly to his defiance of the suitors that wish to marry is mother, Queen Penelope. He is a young man of around twenty years old, and has played a crucial part in the denial of the suitors' admission into his house. In this regard, Athena has already intervened with Telemachus, which has given him the courage to speak against the suitors. This provides a forum for Telemachus to stand up to the greedy and insolent men that only want to marry Penelope because of her power. Telemachus begins his passage into manhood by speaking to the suitors in Book I."
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Statistical Procedures, 2008.
A discussion of the content of "Statistical Procedures and the Justification of Knowledge in Psychological Science," written by R. Rosnow and R. Rosenthal, analyzed through three readings of the article.
1,182 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper presents three readings of the article, "Statistical Procedures and the Justification of Knowledge in Psychological Science," written by R. Rosnow and R. Rosenthal. It provides a quick overview of common problems in the first reading, discusses the problems that they highlight in the second reading and discusses the suggestions that they propose in the third reading.
Table of Contents:
First Reading
Second Reading
Third Reading
From the Paper
"On a positive note, Rosnow and Rosenthal offer a number of suggestions for improving academic research. First, they claim that meta-analysis is needed in order to determine the true relationships behind data, and not just new interpretations. The process for this is outlined as one in which researchers check each other's work and run new quantitative analyses on the same data in order to determine whether the data is in fact valid. The effort here should be to further research, not to nit pick. They point out that researchers should "cumulate data not conclusions." In doing so, they argue, researchers will improve the general condition of the professional approach to data because they will be forced to justify their own data in stronger terms (as others will be checking them). They also conclude that researchers will have to do their own legwork in compiling the reviews of literature and presume that this will help further the field as a whole because researchers will not rely on surface analysis and narrative reviews, but will instead apply more rigorous methods of analysis."
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The Mexican Migrant Worker, 2008.
This paper reviews how Tomas Rivera addresses the issues of class, gender and ethnicity in "And the Earth Did Not Devour Him."
822 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 0 sources, $ 29.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses Tomas Rivera's collection of short stories, "And the Earth Did Not Devour Him", that paints a dark picture of physical hardship, social struggles and spiritual enlightenment. The paper looks at how Rivera demonstrates the separation of classes between Americans and Mexicans, as well as the racial biases and stereotypes that have been placed upon the Mexican people since their migration post-World War II.
From the Paper
"The history of Mexican culture has steadily gained popularity in the United States. With the population steadily increasing throughout the years, it is no surprise that its integration has made it to the public school classroom. However, the Mexican people struggle to battle stereotypes and generalizations. While there are many characteristics that typify a native Mexican, or even a Mexican American, their ethnicity and class divisions are significantly apparent in modern America. Tomas Rivera addresses the issues of class, gender and ethnicity in And the Earth Did Not Devour Him. Taking place in post-World War II, the novella tracks the year in the life of a young Mexican boy, traveling with a group of migrant workers in search of work. Topically, the novella is about the young boy's internal struggle to find meaning behind the life events of the year. However, the undertone reveals a great deal about the prejudice and American perspective on the Mexican Migrant worker."
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Intelligence and World War II, 2008.
This paper discuses intelligence during World War II, as presented in Barton Whaley's "Codeword Barbarossa" and Roberta Wohlstetter's "Pearl Harbor - Warning and Decision".
1,640 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Barton Whaley's "Codeword Barbarossa" has long been considered the definitive study of Hitler's ability to hoodwink Stalin, the Soviet Union's intelligence service and other Allied intelligence networks. The author relates that Roberta Wohlstetter's "Pearl Harbor" conveys that, although rarely has a government been so well informed as to what to expect, this government had "expected wrong". The paper suggests that these books indicate that histories of intelligence or espionage are only tentative as new evidence or new capability in assessing primary sources emerge. The paper concludes that these volumes underscore that, during wartime, uncertainty freezes planning: Stalin responded to the possibility of a German invasion of the Soviet Union; whereas, Pearl Harbor generals waited, puzzled by information from Washington.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Operation Barbarossa
Pearl Harbor
Reflection
Conclusion - 'Surprise' and History
From the Paper
"On June 21, 1991, a German soldier on the Russian border defected to the Soviet forces and stated that Germany was about to invade the Soviet Union. The warning arrived too late. The June 22 1941 invasion of the Soviet Union proceeded as one of history's worst instances of military surprise, the Soviet forces soon surrounded by the Germans as the Luftwaffe destroyed the Soviet air force, on the ground. At the end of World War II, Whaley had a fair amount of the forerunning intelligence story assessed, to which he added what was gained from various forms of evidence concerning European intelligence networks' activities ..."
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Use of the Persona, 2008.
This paper discusses the use of the persona in James Frey's 'A Million Little Pieces' and Thomas De Quincey's 'Confessions of an English Opium Eater'.
1,957 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that the construction and use of a persona in works of literature is both an ancient and controversial literary strategy. This essay explores the employment of this strategy in two works that use the device of a persona in detailing struggles with drug addiction: Thomas de Quincey's 'Confessions of an English Opium Eater' and James Frey's 'A Million Little Pieces'. Beginning with a historical background of the theory and practice of the persona in literature, the essay moves to a detailed analysis of its use in both texts. The thesis is argued that the persona is used by both authors to undermine authorial presence in supposedly autobiographical texts in order to heighten both romantic and photo realistic literary effects.
From the Paper
"In Thomas de Quincey's Confessions of an English Opium Eater the use of a persona allows the author to set what are presumably autobiographical experiences in a romantic framework. This is apparent early in the text - before the reader reaches the discussion of opium and its effects - when we see the de Quincey depicting his persona's relationship with the impoverished Ann. This sad and touching story clearly creates sympathy for the reader with the persona. It may be argued that de Quincey is employing it for precisely this effect in the story in order to offset any initial distaste the reader may have for a persona that gradually slips into opium addiction. Thus, we can see how even in a supposedly autobiographical work, the persona may be understood in literary terms as a device set within a literary framework to achieve specific purposes in the minds of the audience."
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Derek Gregory's "The Colonial Present", 2007.
This paper reviews Derek Gregory's book "The Colonial Present: Afghanistan, Palestine, Iraq", which examines the war on terror based on the history of U.S. and British involvement in the region going back decades.
1,735 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Derek Gregory, in "The Colonial Present", spends much of the book describing the actions of Britain and the U.S. in trying to impose control over the peoples of the region. The author points out that former colonial regions of the world are virtually all encumbered today by tensions and state failures because of the condition these regions were left in when the colonial powers withdrew. The paper states that the Middle East, which has been of strategic importance to both countries for some time, often served as a staging ground for conflicts with the Soviet Union; however, the way the West has related to the Middle East has changed since 9-11. The author criticizes that Gregory, a geographer, does not delve deeply into the internal divisions now causing the factional war in Iraq.
From the Paper
"Many of the states in the Middle East are marked by repressive policies, violations of human rights, and non-democratic cultures. The irony is that most of these regimes were set up or propped up by Britain, France, and the United States in decades past, a fact which Gregory says means that the U.S. and the other nations area not innocent, which also helps explain the anger now directed at the West by the Arab world. Gregory notes how many people are asking questions about the guilt of the West and the response of the Middle East, and he says he does not intend to decide which view is correct but only to note the dichotomy they produce."
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Deception and 'The Glass Menagerie', 2008.
This paper analyzes the theme of deception in 'The Glass Menagerie' by Tennessee Williams.
860 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
In this study, the writer examines the theme of deception in the Wingfield family in 'The Glass Menagerie' by Tennessee Williams. By analyzing the roles of Laura, Tom, and Amanda the writer notes that the crucial elements of self-deception can be realized within Williams' text. The writer points out that by critically analyzing how these characters deceive themselves, we can see that they also have a damaging impact on the very people they are trying to hide from within the play's storyline. In essence, the the writer maintains that the fantasy escapism of Laura, the sexist attitudes of Tom, and the materialism of Amanda are three aspects of deception that occur within 'The Glass Menagerie' by Tennessee Williams.
From the Paper
"In this vital narrative, it is Laura that is deceiving herself through an obsession within unreal or fantasy objects in her glass collection. Self deception in this case is by far more damaging to the spirit, since Laura is incapable to finding a relationship with anyone else but her glass objects. This perspective comes in the realization that she cannot escape the insular world she has created, and in unable to reach outside of her fantasy world. This is the mot damaging aspect of this character's self-deception, as it denies her any type of relationship with real people."
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"Trifles", 2008.
An analysis of the female gender role stereotypes of Victorian society within Susan Glaspell's "Trifles".
1,209 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the feminist issues that arise within American patriarchal Victorian society within the play "Trifles" by Susan Glaspell. It looks at how the play revolves around the murder investigation of Mr. Wright's wife in relation to her husband's murder and how the various stereotypical female gender roles in the play deny an accurate and unbiased account of the murder through the men and woman that collect evidence for trial. In essence, the paper shows how the gender role of the housewife and the alienated female in Victorian society are the central aspects of stereotypes brought forth by Glaspell in her feminist drama: "Trifles".
From the Paper
"The general plot of Trifles is centered around the mysterious murder of Mr. Wright, a local farmer. His wife, Mrs. Wright, never appears in the play, but is constantly referred to in relation to her possible involvement in the crime. The investigation and ensuing court case revolves around the gender stereotypes that the male officials provide when discovering Mrs. Wright's strange behavior after the death of her husband. In the case of Lewis Hale--who had discovered Mr. Wright's body--his own descriptions of Mrs. Wright infer a strong Victorian sense of the "nurturing" housewife when he had initially questioned her."
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"Surfacing" by Margaret Atwood, 2008.
This literary study analyzes the dualistic gender roles within the main character of Margaret Atwood's novel "Surfacing."
979 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the gender conflict of the main character in "Surfacing" by Margaret Atwood. The paper explains the ecofeminist position that allows the main character to integrate male gender role attributes into her own life. The paper illustrates the power of natural environments to reconstruct a woman's divided psyche.
From the Paper
"The main issue for Atwood's Surfacing is the conflict between gender roles that are present within the main character. The novel is set within the Northern Quebec, where the main character had grown up in an isolated cabin. She has suffered a divorce, the death of her father by drowning, and an abortion. Atwood creates this past history to help build the character around a return to her childhood, which forces the protagonist to face her fears and family history. The central aspect of Ecofeminism within this novel is defined by the main character's victimization of patriarchal domination."
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The Placebo Effect, 2008.
A comparison and contrasting of three articles focusing on the issue of the placebo effect in neurological patients.
1,524 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper compares the two articles "Donepezil in Patients with Severe Alzheimer's Disease" by Winblad et al. and "A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study of Controlled Release Fluvoxamine for the Treatment of Generalized Social Anxiety Disorder" by H. Westenberg, D. Stein, H. Yang, D. Li and L. Barbato. It then contrasts these two papers with "The Placebo Effect in Neurological Disorders" by R. Fuentes-Fernandez, M. Schulzer and A.J. Stoessel. It focuses on the issue of the placebo effect and, more generally, on the question of biases and addressing them in the experimental method in three different research papers.
From the Paper
"In conclusion, although a comparison of Westenberg et al. (2004) with Winblad et al. (2006) appeared to yield a number of similarities in terms of research design, subject matter (neurological states) and the strategies employed to address issues of biases and the placebo effect, nonetheless one key difference - the role of the funding source in influencing the sample selection and the results - distinguished the two. On the other hand, in contrasting Westenberg et al (2004) with Fuentes-Fernandez et al. (2002) we have seen how the former is an experimental study while the latter is a literature review. Despite this fundamental dissimilarity, however, there are interesting points of convergence between both works that merits comparative analysis."
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