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Death Penalty, 2007.
This paper discusses capital punishment, concentrating on the issue of the death penalty in the state of Michigan.
1,482 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer points out that thirty-eight states in the United States currently have the ability to execute prisoners. The writer notes that Michigan does not, but the suggestion that the death penalty be re-enacted has been discussed from time to time in the state legislature. The writer looks at the history of the death penalty in Michigan. The legal issues of the death penalty are then discussed. The writer concludes with the opinion that Michiganders should think long and hard about re-establishing the death penalty in the state. The writer maintains that it would seem that it may be effective in stemming what has truly been an alarming increase in the rate of violent crime noted both in urban centers and rural areas within the state.
From the Paper
"The legal issues, which can be used to argue against the death penalty, can generally be divided up into two separate headings. That is, that the provision of the death penalty is arbitrary in its application and generally only applies to people who are poor, or minorities or both. Another is that the death penalty is not useful - executions are expensive and appear to do little to reduce rates of crime. Proponents of the death penalty would argue that the rate of recidivism -of those who kill again - after the death penalty has been applied - is essentially zero. This would seem to reduce the amount of crime possible in the world. To many capital punishment foes, all that the death penalty seems to provide is an extraction of vengeance or revenge upon the perpetrator."
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Reporting Rape in California, 2007.
This paper discusses the statute of limitations on reporting rape in California.
1,362 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
In this essay, the writer explains that the statutes of limitations are designed to establish time periods during which the government or the plaintiff can file a suit in either criminal or civil matters, and these statutes vary based on the crime that was committed and the state that the crime was committed in. The writer points out that in California, for example, the statute of limitations on rape is three years. However, the writer notes that there may be extenuating circumstances that take place that allow someone to file suit after the three-year period has expired. The writer concludes that while sympathy must be extended to the victim of a rape or any violent crime, there must also be realism in the way that the justice system for the state of California operates, and this means that there has to be a statute of limitations.
From the Paper
"It is generally assumed that, once a statute of limitations has expired, the person that allegedly committed the crime, whether actually guilty of it or not, cannot be prosecuted for that crime. There are specific reasons for the statute of limitations, however, that are important to discuss. These generally involve considerations regarding evidence. After too much time has passed, evidence that either supports the prosecution or assists the defense may no longer be available, and the receiving of a fair trial may also be impossible. In cases such as rape, there is specific evidence that can be collected right after the event has occurred that will not be available later, but the three-year time period actually gives a great deal of time for the victim of the attack to determine whether he or she wants to step forward and go public enough to alert the police and possibly be required to testify at a trial if enough evidence is found."
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Reckless Driving, 2007.
A discussion of the severity and consequences of reckless driving.
1,557 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that reckless driving is one of the primary causes of road accidents in the world. The paper discusses how offenders in most cases view this violation as a simple offense resulting in a ticket. But reckless driving is regarded as a serious crime leading to damage of property, injuries and in the worst case, loss of lives of both drivers and pedestrians. The paper explains the relevant laws, common violations and statistics involved. The paper discusses causes and implications of reckless driving and shows how a reckless driving violation can cause a negative impact on an individual's career, security clearance and insurance protection.
Outline:
The Law on Reckless Driving
Statistics, Causes and Implications
Impact of Reckless Driving
From the Paper
"Based on traffic laws in most states in the US, conviction for reckless driving is a class 1 misdemeanor. Possible penalties incurred due to this offense might result to suspension of driver's license, fines and imprisonment. At present stricter penalties are being imposed on offenders violating traffic rules, regulations and speed limits. Usual charges and penalties for a reckless driving conviction may include suspension of your driver's license for up to six (6) months and fines up to two thousand five hundred dollars ($2500.00)."
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Econometrics Method: On Religion & Crime, 2006.
A discussion regarding the relationship between religion and crime.
1,404 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews the question regarding religion and its correlation to crime. The paper discusses how in terms of economics, the prevalence of crime in a particular geographic area deters fiscal growth and contributes immensely to the decay and deterioration of a community and a society. The paper further discusses how, when it comes to religion, a community of religious inhabitants contributes to the economy since if, it is seen as a haven of peace and order, the resources spent on crime prevention, prosecution and rehabilitation can best be put to more productive means such as recreational and educational facilities for the community.
From the Paper
"The question of religion and its correlation to crime, and vice versa, is always and important and interesting topic not only in terms of this economics paper but in other areas of studies as well. Economics wise, the prevalence of crime in a particular geographic area deter fiscal growth and contributes immensely to the decay and deterioration of a community and a society. On the matter of religion, a community of religious inhabitants contributes to the economy since if it is seen as a haven of peace and order, the resources spent on crime prevention, prosecution and rehabilitation can best be put to more productive means such as recreational and educational facilities for the community. A caveat to the previous statement is that the religion being discussed is in general terms considering we have seen religions that promote hatred and violence-this should be considered more an exemption than the rule!"
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The Caviar Market, 2006.
A look at the history of caviar and the caviar market.
1,172 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at sturgeon, the caviar eggs and the embargo on caviar trade. The paper also discusses black market caviar trade, as well as, poaching of the sturgeon. The paper further discusses the measures that need to be taken in order to prevent the extinction of beluga sturgeon.
Outline:
Sturgeon and Their Eggs - a Brief History
What is the Latest News Regarding the Embargo on Caviar?
Why is There an Embargo on Caviar?
What About the Black Market, and Poaching of the Sturgeon?
Who Buys the Caviar?
What Should the United States do to Prevent the Extinction of Beluga Sturgeon?
The Future of U.S. Sources of Caviar Could be in Aquaculture
From the Paper
"The California Department of Fish and Game seized 25 pounds of illegal caviar, estimated to be worth $50 a pound on the black market in California. The primary market for the seized caviar was the "Sacramento-are Russian community"; the mother-son team was caught recruiting sturgeon fishermen to catch and sell them over 500 pounds of sturgeon. But the penalty for their crimes was not very severe; each was sentenced to 150 days in jail, although the mother only served 70 days, and the son served 60 days; both performed community service work in lieu of the full jail terms. The mother was also fined $1,000, while the son was hit with a sanction of $5,000."
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The Three Strikes Law, 2007.
An argument supporting the use of the three strikes law.
838 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the three strikes law whereby a third felony conviction brings a mandatory sentence with no parole possible for a long period of time. The paper explains that critics of the three strikes law most frequently oppose it because the law allows for a non-violent third strike, has high costs and means an increase in the prison population. The writer contends that what critics should really be concerned about is the high rate of repeat offenders, the high cost of crime and the desirability of letting violent offenders roam free versus sit in prison. The writer admits that prison populations have increased and there are more elderly prisoners. The writer maintains that this means that the three strikes law is meeting its objective of finally putting the guilty where they belong and for a very long time.
From the Paper
"Unfortunately, it seems nearly impossible to avoid becoming a victim of crime in our country. Personally, I have had my car stolen and seriously damaged and my apartment broken into with items of high emotional value taken from me. And, who hasn't experience fear at some time or other when they are walking down the street minding their own business only to be intimidated by some bully or thug? Thus, it's extraordinarily frustrating to see the same individuals churn through the justice system only to commit the same or worse acts time after time. California, one of the first implementers of the three strikes laws, has a sixty percent recidivism rate for some of its most serious crimes."
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Innocence and the Death Penalty, 2006.
An argument against the belief that the possibility of an innocent person being executed is extremely small.
1,080 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the death penalty and the issue of an innocent person being incorrectly sentenced, and executed for a crime he did not commit. According to the paper, racial bias more than exists, it simply dominates the entire decision of who should live and who should die.
From the Paper
"Research demonstrates that death penalty inequities are not just limited to certain regions of the country such as the South. A study on the Philadelphia justice system by David Baldus and George Woodwort shows that blacks in Philadelphia are four times more likely to get the death penalty than other defendants who commit similar murders. Over eighty-nine percent of its prisoners on death row are people of color. Another study found that six out of ten defendants sentenced to death in Georgia for killing a white person would not have received a death sentence had their victim been black. A white victim case was over four times more likely to result in a death sentence than was a comparable black victim case. And, in Maryland, a death sentence is eight times more likely in a white victim case than a black victim case, according to a 1987 Public Defender's Office study. "
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Criminal Behavior, 2006.
A review of various disorders and issues that often lead to criminal behavior.
2,174 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews the criminal profile of an offender with disorders and issues. The disorders that this paper discusses are conduct disorder, ADHD, communication issues and anti-social disorders. The paper also discusses the the role that demographics plays in criminal profiling.
Outline:
Part I - Law Enforcement Criminal Profile
Part II - Personality Traits Subject
Part II - Behavioral Tendencies Subject
Part III - Demographics
Conclusion
From the Paper
"There is a strong likelihood without reform the subject in question will participate in repeat offenses. There is little evidence the subjects father plays a significant role in their life, with the subject suggesting the father was at best aggressive and abusive while the subject was young. The subject's mother passed away when the offender was eight, suggesting the child had little social and familial support while growing up. At the time of the crime, the suspect lived with his dad roughly one mile from the place where the robbery occurred. In this case the community might be considered at or below poverty level. There is adequate evidence suggesting the youth and his father were long term residents within the community. "
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Russian Organized Crime, 2007.
This paper discusses the Russian mafia and the dangers they pose today.
914 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
The paper explains the origins of Russian organized crime and its activities in the U.S. The paper discusses how Russian organized crime exploits technology in a variety of white-collar computer crimes including counterfeiting, credit card schemes and insurance frauds. The paper labels the Russian mafia as one of the most dangerous organized crime groups in the world today. The paper relates that not only is the Russian mafia extremely violent and versatile in its choice of criminal activities, it also holds no qualms about trafficking in nuclear weaponry between countries and political terror organizations. The paper contends that the Russian mafia should be one of the top priorities for worldwide law enforcement and control.
From the Paper
"Russian organized crime (or the Russian mafia) spread quickly after the evaporation of the Soviet Union in 1991. Organized crime spread quickly in Russia, and many experts believe one reason was that the chaotic government system after the breakup resulted in an atmosphere of mistrust and bribery in order to survive. One historian notes, "In order to survive, ordinary citizens had to act like criminals; they had to master the intricacies of the corrupt state bureaucracy, learn how to bribe officials, and develop skills in forging and counterfeiting documents" (Kelly, 2000, p. 268). Thus, the conditions were perfect for the growth and sustenance of a healthy organized crime culture in the former Soviet Union, and this quickly spread to the United States."
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Prostitution and Social Theory, 2006.
This paper discusses the broad social and economic models of Karl Marx, Emile Durkheim and Max Weber and how they are used to explain the existence and resiliency of prostitution in modern society.
1,895 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, to Marx, the prostitute is forced to sell her one marketable commodity for the sake of survival; therefore, prostitution is a reflection of an immoral and oppressive economic system because, in a perfect state, there would be very few women willing to subsist upon money earned in such a fashion. The author points out that Durkheim believed that deviant behavior, such as prostitution, stems from the increasingly complex nature of the division of labor in society. The paper contends that Weber argues that there is one value that has become almost universal to modern society: the rational pursuit of economic gain; thereby, prostitution is merely one of the more immoral products of a society that only seeks individualistic economic gain.
From the Paper
"Yet Marx was less concerned with finding the moral or legal grounds to either accept or condemn deviant activities than he was with determining their underlying roots. From Marx's standpoint, human perception is not fully capable of grasping the truth behind events; it is only able to develop some representative illustration of it. So, the scientific observations of the world and the knowledge gained from these observations enable humans to recognize and impose patterns of behavior upon the physical world, thus, to manipulate it in a manner that can never be completely comprehended."
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Police Tactics, 2007.
A discussion on para-militarism in policing.
1,569 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to discuss of the origins, evolution and influence that paramilitary structure has had on contemporary American police agencies. The paper includes a discussion of the impact that organizational structure has on culture within a police agency, and the role paramilitary structure plays in defining and delivering police services to the community. The paper analyzes the link between communication with the public, and contemporary goals of policing. The paper concludes that the paramilitary model is likely to persist, especially in cases where law enforcement agencies must work to overcome a potentially violent or life threatening situation.
Outline:
Introduction
Overview of the Paramilitary Model
Community vs. Problem Oriented Policing
Conclusions and Recommendations
References
From the Paper
"Traditionally and historically police agencies have adopted a paramilitaristic approach to policing that encourages use of force to achieve one's objectives. This model relies on a hierarchical organizational structure that does not promote autonomy within the organization and allows one or more members of the organization to hold the majority of power and authority. Such models may be useful in certain situations including situations where citizens are facing life and death threats. Recent tactics involving paramilitary police models include actions taken against terrorist behaviors, including those occurring after the events of 9/11."
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The Gambino Crime Family, 2007.
A historical overview of the Gambino crime family.
1,376 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the Gambino crime family, which was one of the most powerful and dangerous criminal organizations in America. The paper discusses how the origins of the Gambino family's grip on New York City's illegal network of activities, such as racketeering, loan sharking, and narcotics, trace back to 1913. The paper explores how Gambino has the distinction of being the first crime boss to engage in wide-spread drug trafficking. The Gambino and Lucchese families also began the technique of using legitimate businesses such as pizza parlors, meat markets, restaurants, construction companies, trucking firms, dress factories, and nightclubs, as fronts for more profitable illegal operations.
From the Paper
"After Carlo died, the remaining Gambino crime family divided into two factions: the Manhattan faction, which was loyal to John Dellacroce, "the real brains of the family" and the Brooklyn faction who sided with the official new boss, Paul Castellano, although the general opinion of Castellano was the he was "selfish, greedy, and not as smart as he liked people to believe." (Bruno, 2005, "Manhattan versus Brooklyn) There was also a considerable difference in the two faction's styles and methods of making money. The Dellacroce faction preferred to make money from gambling, street-level extortion, narcotics trafficking, prostitution, loan sharking, and hijacking."
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Too Much Information?, 2007.
This paper discusses the problems and possibilities of modern data collection.
2,615 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 78.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that businesses use information ,such as market research data about an individual's personal preferences, purchasing ability and real or perceived needs, in almost every conceivable way in order to maximize profits. The author points out that the government also uses this information to control crime in many questionable ways, such as the prevalence of surveillance cameras. The paper argues that this massive-scale, intrusive data collection, maintenance and analysis may have its benefits but it should not be allowed to spread contagiously throughout society disregarding privacy and liberty. The paper includes long quotations.
From the Paper
"The reality of the NSA spying program shows what can be accomplished by a government agency, operating in secret, supposedly against enemies of the American people. Some of the particular enemies being "data mined" appear to be more in the nature of political enemies, than threats to the lives of ordinary citizens. The ease with which this kind of surveillance can be accomplished should not be surprising rather it should encourage conscientious citizens to think of what else might be possible, and how all of one's information is being used, or misused."
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Capital Punishment, 2006.
An argument against the death penalty.
2,673 words (approx. 10.7 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 80.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that capital punishment has no place in a supposedly civilized and industrialized nation such as the United States. According to the paper, the death penalty has done little to curb crime and has never been implemented fairly in the United States. Therefore, capital punishment should be repealed in favor of alternative forms such as life imprisonment without parole.
Outline:
Why the Death Penalty?
Philosophies of Justice
Deterrence and Racism in the Death Penalty
Cruel and Unusual
From the Paper
"Study after study, however, has shown no correlation between the availability of a death penalty and crime. A study by the Death Penalty Information Center shows that United States, which retains the death penalty, has a murder rate that is more than three times that of many of its European allies that have banned capital punishment (DPIC homepage). Many factors could account for the much lower murder rate in Europe, such as stronger familial ties and much more stringent gun control laws. Capital punishment, however, is not one of these reasons."
"Furthermore, it is a fact that capital punishment could not be fairly administered throughout the country. From state to state, variables such as race, class and even gender continue to influence sentencing in capital cases. In addition, the imposition of capital punishment is subject to extra-legal influences. Statistics show that the imposition of the death penalty is "infected by prejudice and discrimination." Part of the reason is socio-economic, as researchers show how people who are poor are more likely to be represented by public defenders, while many Caucasian defendants can afford expensive defense teams (Johnson and Johnson 519)."
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Martha Stewart, 2006.
A discussion regarding how a stint in prison has affected the life and career of Martha Stewart.
1,183 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at Martha Stewart after her release from prison in 2005. The paper reviews what actually happened to land Stewart in prison, and how this has affected her and her career.
Outline:
What did Stewart actually do wrong, and what happened to her company?
How did Stewart handle her job as CEO following her indictment?
What was Stewart's attitude after she was convicted?
How has Martha Stewart's image been affected by her ordeal in prison?
From the Paper
"Things are looking up for Stewart; she has a new line of DVDs and a new baking book that hit bookshelves last fall; indeed the "makeover of Martha Stewart itself is a big hit," Naughton explains. Naughton goes on to explain that because Martha, 63, voluntarily went to jail, rather than remaining free on appeal to fight the issue into higher courts, her "comeuppance" was transformed into a "comeback." By going in to jail voluntarily, Naughton explains, "she tapped a dormant wellspring of sympathy"; after all, the "bad boys from Enron, WorldCom and Tyco" were all still "walking free" and Martha has never been accused of "bilking investors" or stealing from the company, the way the Enron, et al, executives are accused of behaving. "
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