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The Zodiac Killer, 2007.
An analysis of the activities of the Zodiac Killer and the pathology of serial killers, in general.
1,604 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the case of the Zodiac Killer who terrorized the city of San Fransisco for almost a decade, beginning in 1968. The paper discusses the known activities of the serial killer and the general pathology that would apply to a killer such as the Zodiac Killer. The paper then discusses which of these pathologies have been associated with the Zodiac Killer, as he has not yet been identified.
From the Paper
"Law enforcement has become better equipped over the past thirty years to cope with this sort of crime, with the aforementioned use of profiles, with DNA as a new tool, and with the creation of units dedicated specifically to this type of crime. Even so, numerous instances can be cited where progress was stymied just as much as it was for the Zodiac case for many years before the killer was found. The Green River killer in Washington state is one such case, and he operated from 1982 to 1998 for "the largest unsolved murder case in the country" until Gary Ridgbeway pleaded guilty in 2003 ("Green River Killings" para. 1). Another case is that of the so-called BTK killer in Kansas, who operated from 1974 to 1991 and then again in 2004 until Dennis Rader was caught. Such crimes can be virtually impossible to stop and very difficult to solve, and the Zodiac case is a clear example. Graysmith details how the police and others tried to solve the crimes and how they failed, though the crimes did stop for reasons unknown."
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Blackbeard, 2007.
An analysis of the background and notorious activities of Captain Edward Teach, otherwise known as Blackbeard, the pirate.
1,389 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the life and activities of Captain Edward Teach, otherwise known as Blackbeard, the pirate. It describes his introduction into piracy and the growth of his crew and wealth. The paper then discusses some of his activities, particularly his treatment of prisoners and his crew and how they contributed to his notorious reputation.
From the Paper
"However, he could keep away from the sea and gathered his old crew to plot further acts of piracy. Alexander Spotswood, Governor of Virginia, saw an opportunity get one leg up on his rival, Governor Eden, and win favor from the government by ridding the Caribbean of its most notorious pirate forever. He sent a Royal Navy squadron in pursuit and cornered him in Ocracoke Inlet, North Carolina, on November 22, 1718. Not surprising, Blackbeard put up a fight. He took hits from five musket balls and more than 20 sword slashes before dying. Spotswood cut his off and took it away as the ultimate trophy."
"What was the reason why Blackbeard was so bloodthirsty? Was he just born mean, like some people are? Or, did something happen to him to change his ways? A crew has been studying a boat found at Beaufort Inlet off the coast of North Carolina that is believed to be Blackbeard's pirate flagship, which has been sitting in the briny deep for over 300 years. The hope was that they would not bring up the ghosts along with the boat (Daily Mail)."
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Community-Oriented Policing, 2007.
An analysis of the benefits of community-oriented police techniques.
2,356 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces, discusses and analyzes the topic of policing. Specifically, it examines the nature and scope of policing through community-oriented police techniques. The paper begins by describing what community policing is. It then describes the factors that challenge law enforcement and discusses how community policing can be beneficial to improving policing.
Table of Contents:
What is Community Policing?
Police Professionalism and Community Policing
What is Community Policing?
Police Professionalism and Community Policing
The Four Factors That Challenge Law Enforcement
Other Challenges
Two Strategies for Creating Better Police Officers
From the Paper
"Another strategy could be increased training in sociological and psychological skills for new officers. This would include more public service training on how to deal with members of the community, as well as how to recognize specific social problems within the community, such as abusive relationships, gang activity, and a host of other problems officers might eventually encounter or uncover. In addition, it seems that officers are extremely vulnerable to stresses that occur with the job, and if they could receive more psychological training, it might help them recognize certain destructive behaviors in themselves and fellow officers. Stress management techniques as a part of this training would be extremely effective. After initial training, stress management activities within the department might also make a difference. For example, the department might offer free off-site yoga classes, or other stress management activities officers and their families could participate in if they chose. It would also help to include some family counseling activities for family members who are suffering stress from their loved ones' jobs, since dissatisfied family members can be another source of stress for the officer. Most people understand the role of a police officer is stressful, but many young recruits may not anticipate the many stressful situations that appear in every aspect of the job, and so, they may not be able to deal with all of them as effectively as they could. Stress management training and continued support could help all the officers in the department."
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The Effects of the Mafia, 2007.
This paper explores how organized crime affected business in America.
3,859 words (approx. 15.4 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 105.95
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Abstract
The paper addresses how the Irish and Italian Mafias affected business in the United States throughout the years. The paper details the history of the Mafias and shows how disadvantaged people, who were not given social allowances and opportunities, utilized other means to rise to the top and become influential people.
Outline:
Introduction:
The Irish Mafia
The Italian Mafia
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Within the history and present of the United States there is no more interesting a topic than the rise and fall of Organized Crime. The imagination of the nation still pines for a greater knowledge of the impact organized crime had on the country, both then an now. We see this evidenced in the hundreds of popular media representations of organized crime families and the fallout and progress of their lives. Some of these stories are simply a fast car trick with catchy phrase work and bright pictures, and some are based on historical evidence. (Paoli, 2003, p. 3) The truth about organized crime in America is that it has a strong history and it greatly affected this nation, at different times during its life."
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Cybercrime, 2007.
This paper discusses crimes that are committed over the Internet or cybercrime.
2,000 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that in the past few years, the increase in cybercrime, or crime conducted through the Internet, has emerged as a significant concern for government agencies, buyers and sellers conducting business online, and parents. The writer explains that the United States Department of Justice has defined cybercrime as computer intrusion, including such issues as password trafficking, counterfeiting currency, child pornography or exploitation, Internet fraud and spam, Internet harassment, Internet bomb threats, and trafficking in explosive or incendiary devices or firearms over the Internet. The writer concludes that the research in the area of cybercrime indicates that it is a growing epidemic that is very easy to commit, due to the widespread reach of the Internet and the ability to be anonymous.
Outline:
Introduction
Online Businesses
Hardware and Virus Attacks
Online Predators
Conclusion
From the Paper
"As a result, many crimes are committed against the valid owner of the credit card. In addition, online vendors assume no liability for credit card fraud. If an online purchase is made with a stolen credit card, the vendor is not liable. As long as the transaction went through and a signature was received from the customer, the vendor will receive his payment from the credit card company. As soon as the valid owner of the credit card receives a bill and becomes aware of the fraud, his complaint to the credit card company will not affect himself nor the online vendor. It is ultimately the card issuer that absorbs the financial loss."
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Juvenile Death Penalty, 2007.
An analysis of the history of the death penalty for juvenile offenders.
731 words (approx. 2.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the possibility of enforcing a juvenile death penalty for youth that have committed serious violent crimes. The paper discusses the history of the death penalty for underage offenders and the change in the laws in the United States with regard to its implementation. The paper also discusses the aims of juvenile justice and how the death penalty does or does not further these aims.
From the Paper
"Regardless of the source of the ethical view there are rising tides that express the evolving attitude that the death penalty, in any case is not a deterrent and is ethically wrong, regardless of the crime or the circumstances of it. The ethical implications of this ruling clearly create issues surrounding age of consent, as the determining factor of the decision, if an individual is not of the age to consent to vote, join the military, or even buy alcohol, cigarettes or even a lottery ticket in most states they should therefore not be of the age to consent to an understanding of or a level of legal responsibility for their violent actions."
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Causes of Youth Violence, 2007.
An analysis of the contributing causes of youth violence, with a focus on the media.
1,352 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the possible causes of youth violence. The paper specifically looks at the contributions of the media, availability of weapons and parental involvement in the incidences of youth violence. It looks at specific examples of media violence, such as films, video games and music and explains how the ideas gained from these sources are encouraged by other sociological factors.
From the Paper
"The problem of youth violence cannot be attributed to one cause alone. The media plays its part, regaling young children and adolescents with programming that is astonishingly violent in content. The orgy of gratuitous violence continues into adulthood. Viewers and listeners become desensitized to the sufferings of others. Movies and songs teach young people to be selfish and self-centered, and to denigrate and devalue feelings of empathy and compassion. Some people do indeed imitate what they see on television. But the media is not the only model. Parents and guardians provide ethical guidance and moral direction. Nevertheless, not all young people enjoy the benefits of a healthy and wholesome upbringing. Many come from broken homes, and all exist in a society that is increasingly atomized and dysfunctional. The media may help, but it is society itself that urges on individuals toward the commission of violent acts."
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Lawlessness in New Orleans, 2007.
This paper assesses the government and law enforcement response to the Hurricane Katrina disaster.
2,066 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the complex and controversial disaster relief efforts following Hurricane Katrina. The paper reveals that the majority of problems related to the disaster occurred in its aftermath, as looting and ransacking of New Orleans ravaged the city. The paper explores how the effects of the lawlessness in the wake of Katrina changed the frame in which disaster relief and the government response is viewed.
From the Paper
"Hurricane Katrina was the most financially devastating and deadliest hurricane in the history of the United States. It was the sixth strongest hurricane within the Atlantic and the third strongest to ever record landfall within the United States. The hurricane displaced hundreds of thousands of resident stretching from Florida to Louisiana, with the majority of victims falling within New Orleans. Within the span of two weeks, more than 700 bodies were recovered. The nature of this natural disaster brought about one of the most complex and controversial disaster relief efforts in history."
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Criminal Justice in Britain, 2007.
A discussion of the various agencies involved in the British criminal justice system.
1,466 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how the criminal justice system of Britain embraces a range of agencies, cultures and objectives. The paper explains that from the police through the courts and from the prison systems to victim services, all agencies have a goal to reduce crime and punish the guilty. However, within each agency, specific objectives exist that embrace numerous cultural differences. The paper discusses the various agencies involved in the British criminal justice system, the objectives of each and the ways in which those agencies work together to cater to a wide range of cultures within the British society.
From the Paper
"Each governmental department oversees a variety of agencies, each of which has specific objectives within the criminal justice system. The Home Office, or HO, directly oversees national and local police functions, as well as various district authorities, the prison services, and the Criminal Injuries Compensation scheme and Victim Support services. The district authorities directly oversee the operations of three agencies, those of Local Magistrate's Court Committees, local police authorities, and local Probation Committees. The Local Magistrate's Court Committees directly oversee the operations of Magistrate's Courts, consisting of 328 divisions in England and Wales. The local police authorities directly oversee operations of the 43 police service districts. The Probation Committees oversee probation services (Chapman and Niven, 2000, 8)."
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Recidivism for DUI Offenders, 2007.
This paper discusses whether recidivism for driving under the influence (DUI) offenders who are electronically monitored is lower than for those that are not electronically monitored.
5,396 words (approx. 21.6 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 132.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that race is not the only issue that is involved in the sentencing disparity of DUI offenders, however, it is one of the larger ones. This study explores all of the issues that are involved in disparity in sentencing, and does not concern itself solely with race. However, since race appears to be one of the largest factors, its importance in the study and the literature review is evident. The writer concludes that while there are no real solutions, one of the best ideas would be to have more law enforcement agencies use monitoring, even though many refuse to do so. The writer then suggests limiting the number of people on electronic monitoring and choosing which ones to monitor carefully, so that the offenders being monitored are those with the highest chance of rehabilitation.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Statement of the Problem and Hypotheses
Purpose of the Study
Importance of the Study
Scope of the Study
Rationale of the Study
Literature Review
Research Method
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Literature on this subject, which will be reviewed in Chapter Two, appears to indicate that some disparity may exist, and this is worrying for minority individuals, due to the fact that they are aware that, if they are arrested for DUI crimes, they will be likely to be punished more severely than those that are of the Caucasian race. The review of the literature will provide insight into this issue, and will likely shed light on whether this is an accurate assumption and whether there is anything that can be done to correct sentencing disparities if they do exist in the court system."
"Electronic monitoring of these individuals is often thought to play a role in recidivism rates, and that issue will be explored within the context of sentencing guidelines and other related issues. Unfortunately, there is little literature specifically dealing with sentencing disparity based on DUI crimes. This is unfortunate, but clearly shows the need for more studies. It is unfortunate for the understanding of DUI crimes sentencing disparity when it comes to race and other factors that there is not more literature on the specific subject."
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Racial Profiling, 2007.
An analysis of the motivation behind the use of racial profiling in law enforcement and the problems associated with it.
1,445 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes and attempts to understand the rhetoric behind racial profiling by law enforcement officials. It aims to carefully scrutinize the fundamental assumptions made by law enforcement in using race as a factor for assessing criminal activity and risk. The paper then discusses the problems associated with using racial profiling and how these problems should be addressed and how policies should be changed.
From the Paper
"However, solving the problem of discrimination within law enforcement is an unenviable task. Discrimination exists at the deepest levels of human consciousness, and oftentimes only manifests itself subconsciously. Few if any officers are truly willing to confess to preconceived prejudices simply because of the negative stigma associated with such a claim. The problem has become exacerbated by the wave of intolerance towards expressing and open discussion of racial tendencies within crime. New Jersey state police superintendent Carl Williams for instance was fired for his remarks on racial crime. He explained in an interview that "certain crimes are associated with certain ethnic groups, and it is naive to think that race is not an issue in policing" (HARRIS). Without a viable channel to funnel such visions to others, the sad truth is that few law enforcement professionals would be willing to openly discuss the issues associated with racial profiling in police stops. The problem is endemic and deeply rooted, but it is also one that cannot be openly discussed with social stigma."
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Crime Prevention and Control, 2007.
This paper explores the United States' justice system and proactive policing.
4,758 words (approx. 19.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 122.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that proactive or community policing actively involves citizens in preventing or solving crimes through non-punitive or adversarial procedures. The paper describes the change in the US criminal system when its focus broadened from the traditional punishment of past crimes to prevention of future crimes by imprisonment and control of dangerous offenders. The paper notes the successes of community proactive policing that continues to gather support from the public and the private sectors.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Americans pride themselves of their Manifest Destiny as a superior race and their individual freedom and rights. But crime rates in the midst of the practice of freedom continue to increase. Professor Friedman of the University of Stanford identified cultural taboos, supporting this demand for individual freedom and rights. as ultimately behind the unrestrained rise in crime rates. The existing criminal justice system is adversarial and punitive. Its crime prevention and control mainly deal with suppression. Because of its failure to curtail crime, preventive detention was tried. Nonetheless, crime rates continued to increase till the late 70s. President Johnson offered the notion that the root causes of crime were racism, poverty and social injustice. He provided funds for the State and the local governments in an effort at curbing these root causes. Congress also responded and signed bills to support President Johnson's initiative."
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Capital Punishment, 2007.
A discussion on the advantages of capital punishment.
1,235 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to introduce, discuss, and analyze the topic of capital punishment. Specifically, it discuss both sides of the capital punishment debate and argues why capital punishment is an excellent deterrent to crime. It looks at how the benefits of capital punishment far outweigh the drawbacks and how statistics indicate that the American public supports the death penalty for a majority of violent crimes. Thus, capital punishment is effective, saves tax dollars, and helps contain the most violent of America's criminal population.
From the Paper
"Capital punishment has been controversial throughout America history. Also referred to as the death penalty, the practice has always been a contentious and emotional issue. In the United States, disagreement over capital punishment began as early as Colonial times after America gained independence from Great Britain. Some people began to wonder if taking a human life was really justified, even by the government (Vila and Morris xxv), and the debate has raged on ever since. In fact, since the Supreme Court reinstituted the practice in 1976, the debate about capital punishment has become even more heated."
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Criminology Theories, 2007.
This paper discusses criminology theories and looks at how they help prevent crime and reduce criminal behaviors.
1,122 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper examines two criminology theories and holds them against the current social phenomena of adolescent substance abuse. The writer explores the relevant theories. The writer notes that as mankind continues to study the criminal element, it continues to develop theories that can be applied to criminal behavior. The writer then explains that two well known criminal theories are labeling and social bonding. In each of these theories there are markers to help explain some of the behavior patterns when it comes to adolescents and substance abuse. The writer points out that it is important to understand how these theories impact the problem, so that future attempts can be made to proactively prevent substance abuse.
Outline:
Introduction
Labeling Theory
Social Bond Theory
Relating Theory to Social Issue
Influence
From the Paper
"In a recent study regarding the labeling theory, adolescent participants were asked if they had received labels from professionals and asked if their families and friends had labeled them, and if so what the labels were. The adolescent's encounters with juvenile courts, social workers and substance abuse programs were also recorded to determine if the label theory supported the participants' background and labeling.
The study concluded that being labeled with a negative label, can create negative behaviors in adolescence.
In addition, the participants did record a higher level of drug use if they had received negative labeling from professionals and personal interactions."
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JonBenet Ramsey, 2007.
A case study analysis of the murder case of JonBenet Ramsey in 1996.
9,569 words (approx. 38.3 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 196.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a case study analysis of the murder case of JonBenet Ramsey in the United States in 1996. It overviews the particulars of the case and then details and analyzes the evidence that was found in relation to her murder. Finally, the paper discusses the preliminary conclusions of the case and gives recommendations for future action to be taken.
Table of Contents:
An Overview of the Case
The Evidence
Analysis of the Evidence
Preliminary Conclusions
Recommendations for Further Action
From the Paper
"Another footprint was found on the outer part of the same window, plus a scuff mark on the wall just below the window where a person coming in the window might have placed his foot for leverage into the basement. A suitcase was found on the floor under the window with a possible footprint on it. John Ramsey said this suitcase was normally kept in another part of the basement. Inside the suitcase was a pillow sham, comforter and Dr. Seuss book. Assuming that the killer originally planned to kidnap JonBenet for ransom, he may have "packed some things" for her that she would need."
"A palm print that was found on the wine cellar door could not be matched to anyone in the family or among their friends. Likewise, the pubic hair found on the blanket that covered the child's body did not belong to any member of the Ramsey family."
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