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Major Social Change, 2007.
An overview of the feminist movement in the U.S.A.
946 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how one of the most dramatic movements of social change in the history of the United States has been the feminist movement. It looks at how many feminist scholars separate the feminist movement into waves, and label the women's suffrage movement the first wave and the equal right's movement of the 1960s as the second wave. It discusses how, although the leaders of both waves of the feminist movement did not accomplish all of their goals, it is obvious that the feminist movement has resulted in tremendous advancements for women in America.
From the Paper
"In addition to a backlash against women, the mid 19th and mid 20th centuries were also marked by tremendous change in race relations. Women played an active role in both the abolitionist movement of the mid 19th century and the 1960s Civil Rights Movement. Women's participation in these movements led to an increasing dissatisfaction with their circumscribed roles in greater society. Women were extremely active and vocal in the abolitionist movement. However, many of these early abolitionist leaders began to question their roles in the movement, since the same rights that they were seeking for slaves were rights that were denied to free white women. These problems became exacerbated after emancipation because feminist abolitionists saw a dramatic legal change in the status of ex-slave males, but no change in the legal status of women in America."
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Can Human Justice Ever Be Achieved?, 2006.
A look at the issue of human justice and equality for all.
1,907 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at human justice and the ideal of equality between the sexes, races, class and religions. The paper focuses primarily on the issue of women's rights.
From the Paper
"Take, for example, a healthcare provider treating an aboriginal couple. Because of past historical injustices, today, even indigenous persons who have endeavored to become integrated into Australian society have higher rates of single parenthood, incarceration rates, and unemployment, and fall short of every possible Westernized measurement of success in contemporary life. (Calma, 2006, p.1) The instance of domestic abuse might seem to simply pose the question--did the indigenous husband commit the crime to which he or she was accused? If so, the person should be incarcerated. But previous inequitable social conditions may drive the roots of the difficulties between the couple, making the issue of reporting more difficult. Also, biased judges and juries may make the person's punishment, however unconsciously, harsher because of the defendant's race. To report an abusive man from a racial minority may be just, but it also may exacerbate an age-old historical injustice."
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"The Toilet of Venus" (1647-51) by Diego Velasquez, 2006.
This paper discusses the gender construction in the painting "The Toilet of Venus" ("The Rokeby Venus") (1647-51) by Diego Velasquez.
2,765 words (approx. 11.1 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 82.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Diego Velazquez's "Toilet of Venus", popularly known as "The Rokeby Venus", created a great deal of controversy in the early 20th century. The author points out that, while the artist himself was inspired to create this artwork based on socially acceptable views of women at the time and while it could be featured today in any reputable museum without causing so much as a blink by even the most conservative audience, these perceptions tend to change over time. The paper relates that the gender construction developed by this work of art was deemed sufficiently exploitative that military female activists, known as suffragettes, targeted it for destruction because of its lurid portrayal of the nude female form and its suggestive qualities. The paper includes a picture of the painting and several long quotations, many of which are embedded in the text.
Table of Contents
Review and Discussion
Background and Overview.
Historical Setting and Social Transitions.
Treatment of Gender Construction in Valezquez's "The Rokeby Venus."
Figure 1. Velazquez, "The Rokeby Venus".
Conclusion
From the Paper
"According to Bartley (2003), the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU) was founded by Emmeline Pankhurst, her daughters and some friends to campaign for votes for women. ... The suffragettes as the WSPU members were called, engaged in a wide range of activities that targeted existing gender disparities, including chaining themselves to railings, writing "Votes for Women" with acid on golf courses that were all-male, disrupted the postal service, verbally and physically attacked members of parliament, put graffiti on government buildings and even church walls and broke windows as well as attacking specific works of art in public galleries and burnt down buildings."
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Condoleeza Rice and Women's Issues, 2006.
A review of the achievements of US Secretary of State, Dr. Condoleeza Rice.
1,176 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper presents and discusses the achievements of Dr. Condoleeza Rice within the context of women's issues. This paper presents the reader with a new appreciation of the history making achievements of Dr. Rice, and also of the cause of the advancement of women's issues in the modern age.
Outline:
Introduction
The Humble Beginnings of Condoleeza Rice
The Changing Role of Women
An Overview of Women's Issues in Modern Times
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Examples of successful women abound in recent history, evidenced by the recognition of Oprah Winfrey as one of the wealthiest and most powerful individuals in the entertainment/news industries, Venus Williams as one of the highest paid tennis professionals-male or female-in the world, and the countless examples of prominent women in medicine, law, business and more . An interesting aside to the consideration of Winfrey and Williams, as well as Dr. Rice, however, is the fact that they are not only women, but they are also African-American women, a key distinction that deserves closer discussion. These women have blazed a trail for the advancement of the women's movement without a doubt, but also, they have opened many doors for minorities, which is perhaps an even larger tribute to them and more evidence of their exceptional abilities and talent to overcome adversity and excel. Whether they are evaluated simply as successful women, or as successful minority women, they stand alone as a tribute to women's causes in the 21st century."
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Elizabeth Cady Stanton, 2007.
An analysis of the contribution to women's rights of Elizabeth Cady Stanton.
1,450 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the life and achievements of Elizabeth Cady Stanton, who was one of the most prominent leaders of her time for women's rights. The paper discusses her fight calling for women's right to vote in the United States. The paper also compares her life and achievements to those of Lucretia Mott and her long-time friend, Susan B. Anthony, who were also both very active in women's rights.
From the Paper
"In 1878, nearly 30 years after the first convention aimed at working for women's suffrage, Matilda Joslyn Gage and Stanton wrote Declaration of Rights of the Women of the United States, which Anthony delivered at the Centennial Celebration of 1876 in Washington, DC (NPS, PAGE). Gage and Stanton remained interested in other social issues as well, and started working on a "Woman's Bible" that would present Christian beliefs without encouraging the subjugation or devaluing of women (NPS, PAGE). Once Stanton's children had all achieved adulthood, she became president of the National Woman Suffrage Association and later of the National (Griffith, 170)."
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Marital Rape Laws, 2007.
An examination of the evolution of marital rape laws, including recommendations for the future.
2,788 words (approx. 11.2 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 83.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a review of relevant scholarly books, government documents and statistics to determine the evolution of marital rape laws. It discusses why they are of importance and how the victim currently suffers and may continue to suffer through the criminal justice system. It then suggests what punishment can reasonably be expected to be meted out to marital rape offenders. The paper concludes with salient recommendations concerning improvements that should be made to already existing laws.
Table of Contents:
Review and Discussion
Background and Overview
Incidence and Types of Marital Rape Today
Current and Future Trends
Conclusion
From the Paper
"As noted above, some states have already done away with the marital rape exemption and continuing developments in American law have diminished the concepts on which the common law rule was based. These trends have also raised the issue of whether the marital rape exemption retains any validity in the 21st century. Unfortunately, Friedelbaum emphasizes that a number of courts and legal observers have advanced justifications for retaining the marital rape exemption. According to this author, "These justifications have been based on concerns that the abolition of a husband's immunity would lead to serious abuses of the law, would cause insurmountable evidentiary problems, would lead to fabricated charges, would encourage vindictive wives to use rape charges for revenge, and would thwart the reconciliation of estranged couples" (Friedelbaum 51)."
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Anti-Feminist Views, 2007.
An analysis of two books: "Mr. Sammler's Planet" by Saul Bellow and "Enemies: A Love Story" by Isaac Bashevis Singer.
1,740 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper compares and contrasts the theme of feminism in "Mr. Sammler's Planet" by Saul Bellow and "Enemies: A Love Story" by Isaac Bashevis Singer. The paper discusses how both authors illustrate their views towards the emerging feminist movement in the late 1960s and early 1970s in America. The paper shows how both authors condemn feminism and the women's movement in their own way. They portray women in a negative light and represent the male view at the time these books were written. They support the belief that women should not be seen or heard and they should always support their men.
From the Paper
"Singer's attitude toward women is better than Bellow's, but it is still full of chauvinistic values and ideals. Herman Broder is the main character in Enemies: A Love Story, and there is hardly anything likeable about the man, and yet three women love him. Singer shows women as weak with this theme, because they cling to a man who is no good for them, rather that striving for love from someone good and decent. Singer also seems to have a low opinion of women with this portrayal. For example, he portrays Masha, the good woman who supports Broder through much of his life, as needy and jealous. She loves a man who is married to other women, who lies and cheats, and this makes her as weak as he is."
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Hippocrates, 2007.
A discussion on Hippocrates' view of women and their role in society.
1,446 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the Hippocratic corpus, which consists of medical writings from Greece in the fifth and fourth centuries B.C. These many text were collected under the name of Hippocrates, a fifth-century physician from the island of Cos. The paper discusses how medical information about women varies considerably, showing that the articles were written by different individuals. For example, abortion is severely prohibited in one section and freely discussed in another. The materials discussed include "Diseases of Women 1 and 2" and "Nature of Women", which provide a good idea of how women were viewed in ancient Greece.
From the Paper
"Hippocrates disagreed with Aristotle by saying that both men and women gave their seed for conception but also portrayed the female seed as weaker and less pure. He argued that seed came in two types--male seed produced characteristics of strength, courage and a "brilliant" soul and female seed produced traits of grace and delicacy. Hippocrates, in fact, defined three kinds of men and three kinds of women. If both parents secrete female seed, the child will be a beautiful and highly feminine girl; if the woman produces female seed and the man male seed and the female seed is stronger, the child will be a girl who is bolder, but still behaves within the bounds of modesty; and if the man produces female seed and the woman male seed, and the female seed dominates, then the child will be female but masculine."
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"The Mommy Track and Partnership", 2007.
A critical analysis of the article "The Mommy Track and Partnership: Temporary Delay or Dead End?" by M.C. Noonan and M.E. Corcoran.
1,425 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the article "The Mommy Track and Partnership: Temporary Delay or Dead End?" from the perspective of a working mother. It looks at how the article, published in the "Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science", suggests sex differences may influence partnership affinity among lawyers and how the authors examine whether men are more or less likely than women to become partners in a legal firm under influence of various factors.
From the Paper
"The authors point out the need for greater attention in the legal profession and in other areas for attention to woman's issues including the need to take family leave to help balance the demands of family with those of their career. Like many other authors Noonan & Corcoran (2001) find that child care responsibilities are a primary reason women must make impairing career decisions. There is ample evidence supporting the fact that women leave their positions in part due to little flexibility and the log commitments required especially within the legal profession to make a career possible. These requirements often conflict with motherhood or the demands of raising a child. "
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So Far From God, 2007.
This paper provides a book review of the book 'So Far From God' written by Ana Castillo.
936 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer studies the story 'So Far From God' by Ana Castillo. The writer notes that in "So Far From God", Castillo sets her work in Chicana country, and creates a mystical work of fiction that draws the reader into the story, making it nearly impossible to set down. The writer looks at the various characters in the book and then discusses the different themes of the story. Further the writer notes that the style of writing is somewhat disjointed and strange, almost like Castillo is just telling a story aloud to a friend instead of creating a novel. The writer concludes that the endurance of the human spirit and the female spirit, is what Castillo is trying to show to the readers of this particular book.
From the Paper
"The themes that are presented in the book must be discussed in some detail, because they are very important and significant. Each theme of the book revolves around one of the five female characters. Sofia, the mother, embodies the great wisdom that is seen in some individuals. She goes through so much, but she manages to retain her sanity and her sense of humor, both of which she feels are very important. The wisdom theme appears to be at the core of what Castillo is trying to show. There are, however, other themes and ideas that are embodied by the four daughters."
"Esperanza, who is the most liberated of all of the sisters, spends her college years involved with the Chicano movement and tries to better many people's lives. Despite how helpful and kind she is, she is killed covering the Gulf Crisis as a reporter for a television station. Her death is largely meaningless, and it leaves the reader without any kind of way to find redemption in the death of this character."
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Invisible Man, 2006.
A look at the role of women in 'Invisible Man' by Ralph Ellison.
1,422 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses and analyzes Ralph Ellison's book, 'Invisible Man'. Specifically the paper focuses on the role of women in the book. According to the paper, the female characters are placed behind the scenes and some readers never understand the importance the women play in this novel.
From the Paper
"Other women in the novel are not as important as Mary is, although they all aid the narrator's growth and transformation from boy to mature man. The "magnificent blonde" stripper he sees during the first chapter is purely sexual, and so sexual he must look away from her magnificent body. Many of the other shadowy women in the novel are stereotypically sexual too. There is Emma, the white woman who he dances with until the wee hours of the morning, and the anonymous white married woman who he has a brief affair with and never sees again. They all help him grow and mature, and so, their role in the novel is quite crucial. "
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Wage Discrimination, 2007.
A discussion of the article "Differences in Occupational Earnings by Sex" by Derek Robinson.
1,065 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
The paper is of the opinion that "Differences in Occupational Earnings by Sex" is an outstanding and detailed look at the wage gap between men and women. The paper discusses the idea that women's work is not perceived with the same value as men's work and therefore when women work outside the home, this attitude translates to the workplace. The paper emphasizes the belief that this is not just a business or monetary issue to be solved. It is a societal issue that must be changed. The paper maintains that society must not view women as second-class citizens, but as viable workers in their own right.
From the Paper
"Many years ago, it was considered normal business practice to pay men (especially married men) more than women doing the same jobs because married men had to support a family. In the traditional American family, women did not work, or they worked in traditionally female occupations, such as nursing, teaching, secretarial, and other jobs that men usually did not want. As such, they were paid less than their male counterparts were. Today, the tradition continues, but it demoralizes women who work in the same capacity as men, but are not paid the same."
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Dubois and Ruiz' "Unequal Sisters", 2007.
This paper reviews the feminist book "Unequal Sisters: A Multicultural Reader in U.S. Women's History", edited by Ellen Carol Dubois and Vicki Ruiz.
1,440 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Dubois and Ruiz in their book "Unequal Sisters: A Multicultural Reader in U.S. Women's History', which is a compilation of a multiplicity of perspectives of feminist historians of a variety of periods, ethnic groups and racial groups, attempt to ameliorate some of the past oversights of the women's rights movement that denied the equally important components of race and ethnicity in defining many women's lives. The author points out that, for women of color, their struggle to make peace with themselves and with their American identities cannot be fully subsumed into the traditional feminist categories of gender or race. The paper relates that this collection of essays instead argues for a relational understanding of the nature of race and gender, which means that each person is composed of categories, such as male/female, Anglo/Latino, that gain meaning only in the inter-relationship of these categories.
From the Paper
"The essays include a number of ethnic groups, including African-American, Latina-American, Chicanas, Asian-Americans, and Native Americans in their subject matter. Early on, it becomes clear that the lives of black women in particular were written out the second-wave feminist debate. While many white feminists of the 1960s and 1970s such as Betty Friedan (1963) defined their feminism as an ideology that gave them the intellectual justification to seek work outside the home, most Black women have always worked, either as slaves, as noted by Deborah Gray White's essay on "Female Slaves: Sex Roles and Status in the Antebellum South" and Jeanne Boydston's "To Earn her Daily Bread"."
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Abortion, 2007.
This paper examines the subject of abortion from a legal point of view and looks in particular at the case of Roe v. Wade.
825 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer provides a written opinion of the U.S. Supreme Court overturning Roe v. Wade. To this purpose, the writer uses the sources of Roe v. Wade, Griswold v. Connecticut, The U.S. Constitution; The Declaration of Independence; and Casey v. Planned Parenthood. The writer argues that if Roe v. Wade were to be overturned by the U.S. Supreme Court, then new and real problems will be presented in the complete rewriting of abortion laws. The writer concludes that it is perhaps a better thought that should Roe v. Wade be rendered no longer legal that it should be rendered so in a modified form instead of being completely overturned in order that the life of the many women seeking abortion be better protected under the rules of law.
Outline:
Objective
Introduction
Griswold V. Connecticut
Discussion
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"In 1973 the U.S. Supreme Court in the case of Roe v. Wade made abortion legal under some conditions. Since that time the number of abortions has exceeded 40 million. Prior to the ruling in Roe v. Wade many illegal abortions were being performed which led to the death of many women due to infection and other complicating factors. In the case of Roe v. Wade, Roe, a single pregnant woman brought a class action that challenged the constitutionality of the Texas criminal abortion laws. The law in Texas at that time proscribed procuring or attempting an abortion except on medical advice and for the purpose of saving the life of the mother."
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Massacre of the Dreamers, 2007.
This paper examines the book 'Massacre of the Dreamers' by Ana Castillo.
1,757 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer studies the book 'Massacre of the Dreamers' by the novelist, poet, and Chicana activist, Ana Castillo. The writer notes that Castillo offers an explicitly nationally and ethnically based form of feminism for Latina women that the author calls Xicanisma. The writer discusses that over the course of Castillo's historiography of the Chicana and feminist movements, Castillo combines personal as well as historical testimony to create a political and spiritual manifesto for Latina women today. Further the writer shows that Castillo condemns both the racism and negative assumptions that have limited Latina women from assuming power within their culture, even while she pays tribute to the considerable successes and accomplishments of Latinas in various Mexican activist movements.
From the Paper
"Castillo is equally unsparing when condemning the misogyny of Mexican culture, even in its most radical forms, such as the American Chicano Movement. Beyond the ideologies of Catholicism and Communism that have denied the gender imbalance within the Mexican community and society, Castillo believes Chicana women must band together to articulate and find ways of healing and addressing their unique difficulties as a community. Only then will the feminine principle as well as machismo endemic to contemporary Mexican life once again find its space within Latino culture and spirituality."
"Castillo, however, does not deny the common assertion of the American women's movement that the personal is political. She states she had to look within herself to get beyond the dichotomies of masculine and feminine that hampered her ability to see herself fully as an activist, sexual being, and a spiritual female being."
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