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Myths and Misconceptions about Prostitution, 2007.
This paper looks at the world's oldest profession and discusses myths and misconceptions about prostitution.
3,400 words (approx. 13.6 pages), 21 sources, MLA, $ 96.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that prostitutes who worked on the streets have historically been controlled and regulated by law. The writer discusses that prior to World War I, under English or American law, however, even though prostitution did not constitute a legal offense in either English or American common law, prostitution was routinely regulated as vagrancy. The writer points out that some people who do not understand how prostitution works may consider prostitution to be a "victim-less crime" and note a minute percentage who may prostitute themselves by choice. The writer concludes that for most, however, their involvement is tragic.
Paper includes approximately 20 additional pages of researched information.
Table of Contents:
The World's Oldest Profession
A Victim-less crime?
Sex for Sale around the World
Myths, Misconceptions and Fallacies
Countering Myths and Fallacies with Facts
Costs of Prostitution
Mutual Indifference between Partners
A Multibillion Dollar Industry
Bibliography
From the Paper
"In China, prostitution has survived more than 2,000 years in Chinese society, despite social and economic systems' changes, laws, and societal stances about marriage, women and sex. Official sanctions regarding prostitution, as well as, the definition of prostitution have changed, reflecting different dynasty's contexts. During the 1950s, the Communist government exterminated the "sex-for-sale" business in China by implementing strong sanctions against prostitution rings' kingpins and pimps. At the same time, vigorous efforts were made to rehabilitate former prostitutes and vices such as prostitution were not visible in China from the 1950s to the 1970s. During the 1980s, however, prostitution surfaced again."
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Florence Nightingale, 2007.
This paper discusses the nursing theories of Florence Nightingale.
1,916 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 61.95
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Abstract
The paper provides a brief biographical history of Florence Nightingale. The paper summarizes her main beliefs as a nurse and a social reformer and reviews her ideas about the four elements of the nursing meta-paradigm; person, health, environment and nursing. The paper provides examples of how her ideas can be applied to actual clinical nursing practice in the modern world.
Outline:
Abstract
Brief Biography of Nightingale
Nightingale's Main Nursing Theory
Nightingale's Application of the Nursing Meta-paradigm
Conclusions/Recommendations
From the Paper
"Florence Nightingale was born May, 12 1820 in Florence Italy, while her parents were on an extended tour of Europe. Her parents and their extended family were well educated and affluent, participating in many of the Victorian social structures of their time in the England, where they maintained two residences, one in Derbyshire and one in Hampshire. Florence her parents and her older sister Parthenope were the base of the immediate family, yet the extended family of the group was large and for the most part influential in their own right. (Pfettscher, Marriner Tomey, Raile Alligood, 2006, p. 71)"
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Northern Ireland, 2007.
An in-depth look at the political role of women in Northern Ireland.
9,691 words (approx. 38.8 pages), 17 sources, MLA, $ 197.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the manner in which women in Northern Ireland have contributed to party politics over the past thirty years of conflict, more commonly known as 'the troubles'. More Specifically the paper investigates feminist theory as well as sociology theories related to the political participation of women. The investigation also seeks to answer the various questions concerning women's roles in Northern Ireland.
Outline:
Introduction
Theoretical Framework: Feminist and Sociology Theories
Background of Conflict
The Women's Movement in Northern Ireland: Politics and Religion
Why So Few Women?
Do Women Compete Differently From Men or Do They Emulate Men?
What Has Women's Contribution Been Towards the Peace Process?
Discussions and Conclusions
From the Paper
"According to O'day (1996), the women's movement in Northern Ireland has, like any other movement in the region, attempted to confront the divisions that exist as it relates to national identity. In addition, there has been a great deal of speculation in regards to the correlation between gender and national identity. The author asserts that feminists who desire to prioritize women's issues assert that the divisiveness related to national identity has also had and divisive impact on the issues that are unique to women. In addition the differences between nationalists and unionists thought and the differences between Catholic and Protestant standards has been debilitating to the women's movement in Northern Ireland. In fact the author points out that it is usually the "Irish question" or the question of "whose side are you on?" is at the root of the divisions. This concept can be found in Derry Women's Aid in Spare Rib in response to a question concerning the correlation between feminism and the national question: "The uncritical support given by some English feminists to the nationalist struggle being waged here in N.I. is of little help to us, or indeed, to the women of the whole of Ireland," which not only serves to "to divide women along the traditional Orange and Green," but also "results in a lack of attention to the feminist issues (O'Day, 1998)."
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Joan of Arc, 2007.
A historical analysis of Joan of Arc.
1,894 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 60.95
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Abstract
The paper describes Joan of Arc's claims of voices and visions which told her to save Orleans from the English. The paper looks at the battles she led against the English and her successes and setbacks. The paper describes her capture by the English and her trial and death. The paper shows how during her short life, Joan of Arc was not considered as someone who deserved to be named in the pages of history, but since her death she is considered a true patriot.
From the Paper
"According to Elizabeth Lucie-Smith, in 1428, an illiterate shepherdess of seventeen decided she had been called by God to save her native France by expelling the English invaders who viewed this French rebel as a witch sent by the devil to be their ruination" (34). This "foul fiend of France and hag of all despised" was Joan of Arc, born around 1412 in the village of Domremy on the River Meuse in eastern Champagne. As a young girl, Joan worked as a farmhand and during her time away from this lowly occupation, she spent hours in the local parish church, where she prayed for her salvation. Some scholars support the idea that Joan saw visions in this church and at the age of thirteen heard voices which told her to save Orleans."
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Nefertiti, 2007.
This paper provides a critique of the book 'Nefertiti' by Joyce Tyldesley.
869 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that Joyce Tyldesley is a trained Egyptologist specializing in ancient Egyptian archeology. The writer then points out that she brings both her experience in the study of artifacts as well as her knowledge of ancient Egyptian history to her latest book entitled "Nefertiti". The writer relates that, although the book closes with a brief synopsis of the world's reaction to the discovery of the famous Nefertiti bust, most of the book is devoted to historical, rather than pictorial and archaeological analysis, in its documentation of the period. The writer maintains that the analysis of Egyptian images are used to elucidate the history within the covers of this small book, rather than for the sake of beauty alone, although the subject of the work is one of the most famous Egyptian beauties every preserved in artistic form.
From the Paper
"Tyldesley frames her book on the Egyptian queen as an attempt to answer an unanswerable mystery. Tyldesley does not offer an answer to the disappearance of queen Nefertiti from history, rather she theorizes that because of the queen's erasure from the lists of Egyptian rulers, the queen has given rise to considerable, often unsubstantiated speculation as to Nefertiti's place in history. Tyldesley uses what historical evidence remains about the previous period of Egyptian monarchical history, along with the surviving icons of the reign of Nefertiti's husband to show how contradictory the evidence is about Nefertiti's identity."
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House on Mango Street, 2007.
This paper discusses the novel, 'The House on Mango Street' by Sandra Cisneros.
880 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the novel, 'The House on Mango Street' by Sandra Cisneros. The writer points out that this is a story about the typical struggles of a Hispanic family. The writer relates that it is a picture of the various problems that many Hispanic women face in society today such as domination by men, and notes that the novel shows how women are viewed as objects and rarely valued for what they think and feel on the inside. The writer maintains that Sandra Cisneros wrote this novel so that the reader may understand the struggles and feelings of the Hispanic woman. This paper discusses how Sandra Cisneros describes the true struggles of Hispanic women in the context of a fictitious story.
From the Paper
"In 'House on Mango Street', women are viewed as objects by men regardless of whether they are boyfriends, friends fathers or husbands. The women are similar to the man's possession. The young girls in the novel grow up with the mentality that looks and appearance are the most important things to a woman and that what they think and feel on the inside is irrelevant. Another sample of this masculine possession is when Cisneros also shows how Latino women are expected to be loyal to their husbands, and that a husband should have complete control of the marriage. Yet on the other hand, Cisneros describes the main character; Esperanza as not being like the typical Hispanic woman. She is different. Even though Esperanza is born and raised in the same Hispanic culture as the women around her, she is not happy with it, and knows that someday she will break free from its ties, because she is mentally strong and has a talent for telling stories."
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Religion as a Determinant in Fertility, 2007.
A look at how religion affects birth and fertility in married or paired women throughout the world, with a focus on Austria, India and Canada.
4,777 words (approx. 19.1 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 122.95
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Abstract
This paper proposes a study with the hypothesis that religion accounts for, in large part, the number of children born to a woman. It looks at how most studies have found that women's fertility rate is determined by religion and other variants, sometimes equally, such as cultural, socioeconomic, age at time of birth, education, income and urban or rural position.
Outline:
Introduction
Literature Review
Socioeconomic Factors on Fertility Rate, Compared to Religion
Religion as a Factor in Fertility Rates Among Hindus and Muslims
Rural and Urban Effects on Fertility
Fertility Decisions and Desires in Bangladesh
Effect of Religion through Fertility Norms and Possibility of Dissolution
The Relationship Between Religion And Fertility: Evidence From Austria
The Religious Denomination Factor in Fertility in Canada
Results of the Multivariate Analysis
Discussion
Summary and Suggestions
Hypothesis
Data
Analysis of the Data
Discussion
Summary and suggestions
From the Paper
"After economic standing, a study by Lutz attempts to account for the effects of culture and religion on fertility rates. This study tries to assess the effects of culture and religion on fertility after accounting for a country's socioeconomic standing. Estimates for covariance models are analyzed for 128 countries between 1950 and 1975. The gross reproduction rate is the dependent variable and independent variables are infant mortality rates, aggregate standing of female education and gross domestic product per person. Categorical variables for religion and cultural region are taken into account as well. Surprisingly, even though socioeconomic standing is higher, European countries have lower fertility rates than Arab countries. Culture and religion have a measurable effect on fertility and in Arab countries it is positive. "
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The Legacy of Harriet Tubman, 2007.
A review of Catherine Clinton's biography "Harriet Tubman: The Road to Freedom".
1,434 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
The paper reveals that Catherine Clinton's biography "Harriet Tubman: The Road to Freedom" is considered one of the best and most comprehensive biographies of Harriet Tubman's life. The paper describes how Clinton attempts to present a historically accurate, complex and complete portrayal of Harriet Tubman. The paper notes Clinton's theme that Harriet Tubman was an ordinary individual but, through her life experiences and moral convictions, she turned into a strong and courageous leader.
From the Paper
"Catherine Clinton is a renowned historian with a special interest in black history. She has authored many books in both children and adult literature on the theme of Black American history. As a professor of African American studies at Brandeis University, Brown University and Harvard, she has become an expert on the arena of Black narratives and historical biographies. Her definitive chronicling of Tubman's life in this work is fully comprehensive and immersive, one of the reasons it is such a powerful narrative work is because Clinton does not deviate from the life of Tubman, but focuses on exposing the reality of this mythical figure."
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Sexual Harassment, 2007.
This paper explains why the problem of sexual harassment deserves special consideration in the healthcare industry.
1,082 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that the healthcare industry has the dubious distinction of being one of the top industries, if not the number one industry, where sexual harassment is the most prevalent. The writer relates that across the board, nearly half of female nurses, physicians and students report that they have been harassed. The writer points out that a number of factors unique to the healthcare industry contribute to this problem including gender-based segregation, unequal gender representation, and the lower status, prestige and power of many female healthcare workers. The writer maintains that because of these industry-specific dynamics, the healthcare industry will have to do more than follow industry best practices. The writer claims that it will also need to take a more active role in attracting males into the nursing profession, attracting more women physicians in general and encouraging women physicians to select historically male specialties.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
The Scope of the Sexual Harassment Problem
The Root Causes of the Sexual Harassment Problem
Conclusion and Recommendations
From the Paper
"There are many studies that confirm the tremendous scope of the sexual harassment problem in the healthcare industry. Physicians and nurses alike encounter harassment. A large national survey revealed that 47.7 percent of all women physicians had experienced gender-based harassment, harassment from being a minority in a male environment. The same survey showed that 36.9 percent of these women had experience more severe sexual harassment, harassment having a sexual or physical element. In a study of 188 critical care nurses, forty-six percent reported sexual harassment, including offensive sexual remarks, unwanted physical contact, unwanted verbal attention, requests for unwanted dates, sexual propositions and physical assault. Sandbeg, McNiel and Binder discovered that an overwhelming majority of these incidents went unreported. Physicians accounted for the largest percentage of offenders, followed by co-workers, and supervisors."
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Women in Politics, 2007.
This paper examines the role women play in the political systems of the United States, Canada and Mexico.
1,185 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
The paper explains how the United States, Canada and Mexico have different political histories and the role of women in the political systems of each country differs accordingly. The paper discusses the similar situation in the United States and Canada and shows how the role women have in both countries is more advanced than in Mexico. The paper discusses the Mexican political system, a regime marked by one-party rule and incomplete political development. The paper concludes that the place of women in Mexican society is still secondary and it will take time before Mexico achieves parity with the U.S. and Canada.
From the Paper
"The relationship of the citizen of a given country to political action depends on the social and political history of that country and the traditions that shape the political system. This is true for both men and women, though historically women have had less direct involvement with the political system because women have been socially marginalized in most countries for at least some period in history. The three countries involved in the North American Free Trade Agreement, have different political histories."
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Interpretations of Islam, 2007.
This paper discusses interpretations of Islam, focusing on the topics of gender and family.
1,975 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that within the varying interpretations of Islam there are many different views on the institution of marriage. The writer specifically looks at the number of wives one is allowed or sanctified to have, the wearing of the veil by women and lastly female circumcision. The writer notes that these varied interpretations have led to varied applications and laws that dictate the diversity of the very mildest forms of the application of these ideas to the most extreme applications.
Outline:
Introduction: Differing interpretations of Islam
Introduction: Marriage
Polygamy
Interpretation 1
Interpretation 2
The Veil
Interpretation 1
Interpretation 2
Female Circumcision
Interpretation 1
Interpretation 2
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The variations of the veil, worn by women in Islam are many. There is in fact no better direct visual representation of the varying interpretations of the Quran, than the variations of the veil, especially with regard to a limited western view. In more progressive Islamic communities the veil is nothing but a light scarf worn by women to cover their hair and their shoulders. While in its most conservative form, the Burka or hijab, the entire person becomes swallowed by a large heavy garment that covers them from the top of their head to the tips of their toes, and allows vision only through an elaborate lace screened slit over the eyes. The Quranic interpretations abound differing cultural identities, and as has been seen in some fundamental reaffirmations, such as by the Taliban in Afghanistan the affirmation of the fundamentalist can often be a very visible enforcement of more restrictive codes toward women. Prior to the time of the Taliban Afghanistan had been a rather progressive Islamic nation, where women were educated and employed and changes were extreme, for both men and women. A lesson to be learned from this involves the acknowledgement that a form of protection, in the Quran was interpreted in many extreme ways to create a situation of forced social order and conservatism, and the situation was stark in many ways, not just in its treatment of women."
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Women in the Workplace, 2007.
This paper analyzes the books "Talking from 9 to 5: Women and Men at Work" by Deborah Tannen and "Workforce 2020" by Richard W. Judy and Carol D'Amico.
1,340 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how women in the workforce have gained numbers and ground since the 1970s, but most women are still at a distinct disadvantage in the workplace. The paper looks at prejudices, misunderstandings, a lack of opportunities and the existence of the "glass ceiling".
From the Paper
"Women, unlike men, are consistently "marked" in the workplace, and even outside the workplace. They are marked by the way they dress, how they style their hair, the type of makeup they wear, and even the shoes they choose. Thus, women, unlike most men, are marked as "sexy," "plain," or "sultry" by their appearances, before they even have a chance to prove themselves. This might seem to indicate that women should dress austerely in the workplace, playing down their sexuality and gender, but even this can backfire. Women who dress too severely or wear no makeup are often seen as not caring about the way they look, which sends a clear message to their employers or potential employers (Tannen 110)."
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"Let Nobody Turn Us Around", 2007.
An analysis of the narratives of African-American women in "Let Nobody Turn Us Around," edited by Marable Manning and Leith Mullings.
2,373 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 0 sources, MLA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the narratives of African-American women and their struggle to realize the American Dream. It presents these narratives from the articles in "Let Nobody Turn Us Around," edited by Marable Manning and Leith Mullings. The paper discusses how, through the struggles of African-American women, we can learn much about the goals of the Black Freedom Movement.
From the Paper
"The African American movement of the later half of the 20th century profoundly shifted from the Civil Rights movement towards the much murkier field of providing freedom and liberation for subclasses of the subjugated. In section five of "Let Nobody Turn Us Around", the reader is presented with the narratives of African American women and their struggle to realize the American Dream. The conflict embodied within these articles provides a telling struggle of a two front war. Not only were African American women victimized for their black heritage, and thus racialized and castigated by society, they also fought an internal war against the pervasive sexism of the times. Through their struggles to gain recognition not only as African Americans, but as African American women, we can learn much about the goals of the Black Freedom Movement. The cry for equality that these women iterate through their narratives is matched by the historical feminist stances of past generations. The struggle for freedom and equality voiced through the experiences of contemporary African American feminists mirrors a historical and cultural struggle for gender equality that paralleled the movement for racial equality. The crystallization of African American women's struggle for independence is emblematic of the greater struggle for independence from racial divides."
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Henrik Ibsen's "A Doll's House", 2007.
This paper analyzes Henrik Ibsen's "A Doll's House", one of the most frequently reviewed plays in academic studies.
3,845 words (approx. 15.4 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 105.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, although much has been written about viewing Henrik Ibsen's "A Doll's House from purely a feminist perspective, the truth is that Ibsen's clever crafting of this play and careful development of his heroine Nora has allowed readers and critics over the years to apply many valid interpretations. The author points out that Ibsen's play is about the roles that people are willing or are forced to play: The role that Nora assumes at the end of the play is just another role - one that she has no idea how to play but feels she must. The paper concludes that Ibsen had to make Nora the explorer into a new world so that the audience might begin to understand his motive of revealing how the strict roles of society have stripped people of their human rights.
From the Paper
"The other female character has also become a thinking human being through her trials in life. Ironically, Mrs. Linde because of her ability to think chooses to marry Krogstad during the course of the play. She says in regard to Krogstad's letter that she does not want him to ask for it back because "a whole day's gone by and I've witnessed things in this house that I could hardly believe...This wretched secret must be brought into the open so that there's complete understanding between them". Mrs. Linde's objective is not to destroy their marriage put to force Torvald and Nora to be honest..." with themselves and each other. Mrs. Linde has realized the necessity of this kind of honesty through her life of hardship which is why she decides to marry Krogstad. She accepts that he is not perfect and not a model man of the middle-class, but he can give her what she wants to be happy.
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Mexican Women, 2007.
A review of the evolution of gender equality in Mexico, focusing on the major roles of Soldaderas during the Mexican Revolution.
5,046 words (approx. 20.2 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 127.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at Mexican women and how gender equality evolved. According to the paper, the traditional depiction of Mexican women was very restrictive. The paper goes on to say that women were consumed by their family life, their marriages and the Catholic Church. The paper reports that legal, social and cultural constraints were placed upon women to prevent them from gaining full acceptance and rights in society. The paper also takes a look at the role of the Soldaderas during the time of the Mexican Revolution.
From the Paper
"The ability to view the Mexican Revolution not only as an idealized cause against the abuses of the Diaz regime, but also as a method to escape the problems at home, created a new era of possibility for women. Women joined the army as young teenagers in order to escape from forced marriages and physical abuse, thus they joined without the permission of their families. The inevitable break from tradition of the Mexican Revolution shattered many of the stigmas and "traditional cultural" attachments of gender roles because women defied their families. At the same time, the promotion of equality within the army allowed the Soldadera a familiarization with the concept of equality. One captain of the Revolutionaries explained, "In the war, it's all equal. Now we cook the food and wash the clothes together, we fight the war together" (Ross, 289). The direct result of these actions was that social stigmas associated with women pursuing nontraditional roles was no longer promoted and systematically preserved. Instead they were allowed to explore a new frontier that involved the provision of different social roles. This was extremely important in the establishment of a strong feminist presence that was not afraid to confront the patriarchal system."
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