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Class and Culture, 2007.
This paper discusses class and culture in the post-World War II years in America.
1,285 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This article concerns the sexual liberation of women on one hand, and the oppression of women based on race on the other. The writer maintains that while both co-exist in a woman, the woman is being offered more and more options, and at times she is encouraged to make her own choices too. The writer discusses women and the problems that they face, whether it is the acquisition of a birth control pill that would afford them freedom from an unwanted child, or whether it is to escape from the poverty in which they have to live. The writer concludes that branding and labeling an individual as being on welfare must be stopped and today, people must learn to accept the fact that there are people less fortunate than themselves.
From the Paper
"It also became evident to women, for the first time, that they could forge an actual identity of their own, and act against the existing gender roles. Girls were being encouraged, through these all girl groups, to be advocators of their own sexual prerogatives, and to actually start courting the boy they preferred. Sexual liberation had arrived in America, and women were encouraged to even dump their boyfriends if they preferred to. To rebel was no longer a fantasy; women started to feel that they could indeed rebel against accepted social norms."
"When conservatism re-emerged during the 1970s, the fact that those welfare recipients who could avail of aid because they were unemployed, or unwed, sparked huge resentments and protests among the general public, because the feeling among the 'hardworking' whites was that their hard earned money would be paid off as welfare to a 'promiscuous black woman' with several children."
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Gender at Work, 2007.
This paper discusses gender in the workplace and looks at writing gender into social security law.
1,441 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This article concerns the gender bias that most policy makers seem to have. The writer discusses the blatant sex typing and discrimination of women at work in spite of the fact that it is possible to prove that women are at par with men in performing any job well. In this article the writer examines the 'Social Security Act' of 1935 and looks at its effects. The writer argues that gender bias has existed from time immemorial and although no one person would be able to offer an immediate solution to the problem, perhaps awareness could be one solution. The writer concludes that while women have to bear the label of being dependent on their men, in order to avail of pensions and other benefits in their old age, they also have to tolerate a lower pay scale and other sex typing.
From the Paper
"At no other time was the Act attacked than during the seventies, and the reason for this may have been that in order for the government to decide on who exactly would be eligible for benefits, legislators would have to agree upon who was a worker, and who was not, and these arguments were unfortunately based on the ideologies of race and freedom, and also on gender. During the 1930s, most old people needed relief, and this was brought in by the American Association for Old Age Security, which would provide aged persons with two hundred dollars every month to spend as they wished, but this legislation brought in a feeling of dependence and insecurity, and to combat this, insurance was brought in. according to this plan, ageing workers would have to be removed form the workforce, but with dignity, and therefore, policy makers created a program that would be more in relation to work, and not to citizenship."
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Mail Order Brides, 2007.
A discussion on mail-order brides in the Internet age.
2,106 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
The paper analyzes the dynamics of why some American men look abroad for wives and use the Internet to find sites that offer to broker introductions with available young women from Eastern Europe, Asia, and South America. The paper further analyzes the relative success rates for these couples, and their problems and challenges in relating to each other and making the marriages successful. The paper discusses the book by Nicole Constable, "Romance on a Global Stage: Pen Pals, Virtual Ethnography and "Mail Order" Marriages", which refutes stereotypes of why American men seek out wives from the Asian nations of China and the Philippines.
Outline:
Introduction
Introducing the Men Using Mail Order Brides Services
Cultural Clash: Generation Gaps Are Just the Beginning
References
From the Paper
"Sex roles and more specifically the higher levels of expectations American women in general have of their husbands to provide stability, opportunities for their own growth and freedom of expression and achievement are together why some American men look off-shore for their wives. Conversely the expectations of these women from other nations that may not have the advanced educations and experienced earning paychecks on their own, and in essence having their own financial freedom makes them more dependent on their American husbands for the definition of their roles."
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Major Social Change, 2007.
An overview of the feminist movement in the U.S.A.
946 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how one of the most dramatic movements of social change in the history of the United States has been the feminist movement. It looks at how many feminist scholars separate the feminist movement into waves, and label the women's suffrage movement the first wave and the equal right's movement of the 1960s as the second wave. It discusses how, although the leaders of both waves of the feminist movement did not accomplish all of their goals, it is obvious that the feminist movement has resulted in tremendous advancements for women in America.
From the Paper
"In addition to a backlash against women, the mid 19th and mid 20th centuries were also marked by tremendous change in race relations. Women played an active role in both the abolitionist movement of the mid 19th century and the 1960s Civil Rights Movement. Women's participation in these movements led to an increasing dissatisfaction with their circumscribed roles in greater society. Women were extremely active and vocal in the abolitionist movement. However, many of these early abolitionist leaders began to question their roles in the movement, since the same rights that they were seeking for slaves were rights that were denied to free white women. These problems became exacerbated after emancipation because feminist abolitionists saw a dramatic legal change in the status of ex-slave males, but no change in the legal status of women in America."
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Can Human Justice Ever Be Achieved?, 2006.
A look at the issue of human justice and equality for all.
1,907 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at human justice and the ideal of equality between the sexes, races, class and religions. The paper focuses primarily on the issue of women's rights.
From the Paper
"Take, for example, a healthcare provider treating an aboriginal couple. Because of past historical injustices, today, even indigenous persons who have endeavored to become integrated into Australian society have higher rates of single parenthood, incarceration rates, and unemployment, and fall short of every possible Westernized measurement of success in contemporary life. (Calma, 2006, p.1) The instance of domestic abuse might seem to simply pose the question--did the indigenous husband commit the crime to which he or she was accused? If so, the person should be incarcerated. But previous inequitable social conditions may drive the roots of the difficulties between the couple, making the issue of reporting more difficult. Also, biased judges and juries may make the person's punishment, however unconsciously, harsher because of the defendant's race. To report an abusive man from a racial minority may be just, but it also may exacerbate an age-old historical injustice."
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"The Toilet of Venus" (1647-51) by Diego Velasquez, 2006.
This paper discusses the gender construction in the painting "The Toilet of Venus" ("The Rokeby Venus") (1647-51) by Diego Velasquez.
2,765 words (approx. 11.1 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 82.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Diego Velazquez's "Toilet of Venus", popularly known as "The Rokeby Venus", created a great deal of controversy in the early 20th century. The author points out that, while the artist himself was inspired to create this artwork based on socially acceptable views of women at the time and while it could be featured today in any reputable museum without causing so much as a blink by even the most conservative audience, these perceptions tend to change over time. The paper relates that the gender construction developed by this work of art was deemed sufficiently exploitative that military female activists, known as suffragettes, targeted it for destruction because of its lurid portrayal of the nude female form and its suggestive qualities. The paper includes a picture of the painting and several long quotations, many of which are embedded in the text.
Table of Contents
Review and Discussion
Background and Overview.
Historical Setting and Social Transitions.
Treatment of Gender Construction in Valezquez's "The Rokeby Venus."
Figure 1. Velazquez, "The Rokeby Venus".
Conclusion
From the Paper
"According to Bartley (2003), the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU) was founded by Emmeline Pankhurst, her daughters and some friends to campaign for votes for women. ... The suffragettes as the WSPU members were called, engaged in a wide range of activities that targeted existing gender disparities, including chaining themselves to railings, writing "Votes for Women" with acid on golf courses that were all-male, disrupted the postal service, verbally and physically attacked members of parliament, put graffiti on government buildings and even church walls and broke windows as well as attacking specific works of art in public galleries and burnt down buildings."
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Condoleeza Rice and Women's Issues, 2006.
A review of the achievements of US Secretary of State, Dr. Condoleeza Rice.
1,176 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper presents and discusses the achievements of Dr. Condoleeza Rice within the context of women's issues. This paper presents the reader with a new appreciation of the history making achievements of Dr. Rice, and also of the cause of the advancement of women's issues in the modern age.
Outline:
Introduction
The Humble Beginnings of Condoleeza Rice
The Changing Role of Women
An Overview of Women's Issues in Modern Times
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Examples of successful women abound in recent history, evidenced by the recognition of Oprah Winfrey as one of the wealthiest and most powerful individuals in the entertainment/news industries, Venus Williams as one of the highest paid tennis professionals-male or female-in the world, and the countless examples of prominent women in medicine, law, business and more . An interesting aside to the consideration of Winfrey and Williams, as well as Dr. Rice, however, is the fact that they are not only women, but they are also African-American women, a key distinction that deserves closer discussion. These women have blazed a trail for the advancement of the women's movement without a doubt, but also, they have opened many doors for minorities, which is perhaps an even larger tribute to them and more evidence of their exceptional abilities and talent to overcome adversity and excel. Whether they are evaluated simply as successful women, or as successful minority women, they stand alone as a tribute to women's causes in the 21st century."
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Elizabeth Cady Stanton, 2007.
An analysis of the contribution to women's rights of Elizabeth Cady Stanton.
1,450 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the life and achievements of Elizabeth Cady Stanton, who was one of the most prominent leaders of her time for women's rights. The paper discusses her fight calling for women's right to vote in the United States. The paper also compares her life and achievements to those of Lucretia Mott and her long-time friend, Susan B. Anthony, who were also both very active in women's rights.
From the Paper
"In 1878, nearly 30 years after the first convention aimed at working for women's suffrage, Matilda Joslyn Gage and Stanton wrote Declaration of Rights of the Women of the United States, which Anthony delivered at the Centennial Celebration of 1876 in Washington, DC (NPS, PAGE). Gage and Stanton remained interested in other social issues as well, and started working on a "Woman's Bible" that would present Christian beliefs without encouraging the subjugation or devaluing of women (NPS, PAGE). Once Stanton's children had all achieved adulthood, she became president of the National Woman Suffrage Association and later of the National (Griffith, 170)."
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Anti-Feminist Views, 2007.
An analysis of two books: "Mr. Sammler's Planet" by Saul Bellow and "Enemies: A Love Story" by Isaac Bashevis Singer.
1,740 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper compares and contrasts the theme of feminism in "Mr. Sammler's Planet" by Saul Bellow and "Enemies: A Love Story" by Isaac Bashevis Singer. The paper discusses how both authors illustrate their views towards the emerging feminist movement in the late 1960s and early 1970s in America. The paper shows how both authors condemn feminism and the women's movement in their own way. They portray women in a negative light and represent the male view at the time these books were written. They support the belief that women should not be seen or heard and they should always support their men.
From the Paper
"Singer's attitude toward women is better than Bellow's, but it is still full of chauvinistic values and ideals. Herman Broder is the main character in Enemies: A Love Story, and there is hardly anything likeable about the man, and yet three women love him. Singer shows women as weak with this theme, because they cling to a man who is no good for them, rather that striving for love from someone good and decent. Singer also seems to have a low opinion of women with this portrayal. For example, he portrays Masha, the good woman who supports Broder through much of his life, as needy and jealous. She loves a man who is married to other women, who lies and cheats, and this makes her as weak as he is."
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Hippocrates, 2007.
A discussion on Hippocrates' view of women and their role in society.
1,446 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the Hippocratic corpus, which consists of medical writings from Greece in the fifth and fourth centuries B.C. These many text were collected under the name of Hippocrates, a fifth-century physician from the island of Cos. The paper discusses how medical information about women varies considerably, showing that the articles were written by different individuals. For example, abortion is severely prohibited in one section and freely discussed in another. The materials discussed include "Diseases of Women 1 and 2" and "Nature of Women", which provide a good idea of how women were viewed in ancient Greece.
From the Paper
"Hippocrates disagreed with Aristotle by saying that both men and women gave their seed for conception but also portrayed the female seed as weaker and less pure. He argued that seed came in two types--male seed produced characteristics of strength, courage and a "brilliant" soul and female seed produced traits of grace and delicacy. Hippocrates, in fact, defined three kinds of men and three kinds of women. If both parents secrete female seed, the child will be a beautiful and highly feminine girl; if the woman produces female seed and the man male seed and the female seed is stronger, the child will be a girl who is bolder, but still behaves within the bounds of modesty; and if the man produces female seed and the woman male seed, and the female seed dominates, then the child will be female but masculine."
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"The Mommy Track and Partnership", 2007.
A critical analysis of the article "The Mommy Track and Partnership: Temporary Delay or Dead End?" by M.C. Noonan and M.E. Corcoran.
1,425 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the article "The Mommy Track and Partnership: Temporary Delay or Dead End?" from the perspective of a working mother. It looks at how the article, published in the "Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science", suggests sex differences may influence partnership affinity among lawyers and how the authors examine whether men are more or less likely than women to become partners in a legal firm under influence of various factors.
From the Paper
"The authors point out the need for greater attention in the legal profession and in other areas for attention to woman's issues including the need to take family leave to help balance the demands of family with those of their career. Like many other authors Noonan & Corcoran (2001) find that child care responsibilities are a primary reason women must make impairing career decisions. There is ample evidence supporting the fact that women leave their positions in part due to little flexibility and the log commitments required especially within the legal profession to make a career possible. These requirements often conflict with motherhood or the demands of raising a child. "
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Dubois and Ruiz' "Unequal Sisters", 2007.
This paper reviews the feminist book "Unequal Sisters: A Multicultural Reader in U.S. Women's History", edited by Ellen Carol Dubois and Vicki Ruiz.
1,440 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Dubois and Ruiz in their book "Unequal Sisters: A Multicultural Reader in U.S. Women's History', which is a compilation of a multiplicity of perspectives of feminist historians of a variety of periods, ethnic groups and racial groups, attempt to ameliorate some of the past oversights of the women's rights movement that denied the equally important components of race and ethnicity in defining many women's lives. The author points out that, for women of color, their struggle to make peace with themselves and with their American identities cannot be fully subsumed into the traditional feminist categories of gender or race. The paper relates that this collection of essays instead argues for a relational understanding of the nature of race and gender, which means that each person is composed of categories, such as male/female, Anglo/Latino, that gain meaning only in the inter-relationship of these categories.
From the Paper
"The essays include a number of ethnic groups, including African-American, Latina-American, Chicanas, Asian-Americans, and Native Americans in their subject matter. Early on, it becomes clear that the lives of black women in particular were written out the second-wave feminist debate. While many white feminists of the 1960s and 1970s such as Betty Friedan (1963) defined their feminism as an ideology that gave them the intellectual justification to seek work outside the home, most Black women have always worked, either as slaves, as noted by Deborah Gray White's essay on "Female Slaves: Sex Roles and Status in the Antebellum South" and Jeanne Boydston's "To Earn her Daily Bread"."
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Abortion, 2007.
This paper examines the subject of abortion from a legal point of view and looks in particular at the case of Roe v. Wade.
825 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer provides a written opinion of the U.S. Supreme Court overturning Roe v. Wade. To this purpose, the writer uses the sources of Roe v. Wade, Griswold v. Connecticut, The U.S. Constitution; The Declaration of Independence; and Casey v. Planned Parenthood. The writer argues that if Roe v. Wade were to be overturned by the U.S. Supreme Court, then new and real problems will be presented in the complete rewriting of abortion laws. The writer concludes that it is perhaps a better thought that should Roe v. Wade be rendered no longer legal that it should be rendered so in a modified form instead of being completely overturned in order that the life of the many women seeking abortion be better protected under the rules of law.
Outline:
Objective
Introduction
Griswold V. Connecticut
Discussion
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"In 1973 the U.S. Supreme Court in the case of Roe v. Wade made abortion legal under some conditions. Since that time the number of abortions has exceeded 40 million. Prior to the ruling in Roe v. Wade many illegal abortions were being performed which led to the death of many women due to infection and other complicating factors. In the case of Roe v. Wade, Roe, a single pregnant woman brought a class action that challenged the constitutionality of the Texas criminal abortion laws. The law in Texas at that time proscribed procuring or attempting an abortion except on medical advice and for the purpose of saving the life of the mother."
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Sex Tourism in the Caribbean, 2007.
An analysis of the history and current conditions of the sex trade in Jamaica and Cuba.
1,694 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the sex trade in Jamaica and compares it to Cuba. It describes the history of the trade and the factors that influence it. The paper examines the socioeconomic factors that contribute to the trade, as well as the rise of men in the trade of prostitution. It also look into the participation of tourists in the demand for this service. Finally, the paper researches the conditions in which the women work and live, which women work within the strip clubs and brothels, the accompanying use of drugs, their health-care (specifically as to HIV and STD testing) and their chances of being arrested for their work choice.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Research Questions
Background
Literature Review
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The work of Kempadoo (2004) strives toward illumination of the inner working of the sex trade in the Caribbean as related to gender, sexuality, race and work and the economics of the sex industry. According to Kempadoo (2004) generally prostitution is viewed as violence toward women however Kempadoo challenges this accepted view holding that sex for money can be oppressive but in the lives of the women in the Caribbean it may also be a provider of a form of freedom. In the work "Global Sex Workers" the various authors use the term 'sex workers' very deliberately. The view held is that criminalization of prostitution is that it results in hurting the workers themselves instead of protecting them. The authors look at prostitution from an angle that looks at the deeper morals that exist within the inner-workings of the economics of prostitution and introduces the reader to the voice of the sex workers themselves. This work provides a candid view in the reality of prostitution in the Caribbean."
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Gender in Bronte and Rhy, 2007.
This paper discusses the theme of gender as portrayed in Charlotte Bronte's 'Jane Eyre' and Jean Rhy's 'Wide Sargasso Sea'.
2,070 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer maintains that Charlotte Bronte's 'Jane Eyre' and Jean Rhy's 'Wide Sargasso Sea' are both compelling novels with regard to issues of gender within the context of literature. The writer points out that for the most part the two works can be read as the telling of the same story, from two differing cultural perspectives and from the perspectives of two different women. The writer notes that one woman, Jane, embraces her station in life, as an Englishwoman of little means while the Creole Antoinette fears the dangers that threaten her life, as an outcast, not quite white colonial and not black like the servants and workers in her home, post colonial Jamaica. This paper concentrates on the study of gender as a main theme throughout both works.
From the Paper
"Antoinette's husband does not see the petty jealousy and how it has taken away the woman he remembers from his honeymoon and leaves it to her to show him this woman again, while Antoinette feels so betrayed that she introverts into herself, with stoic pride and in so doing seals her fate with her husband, who is not wise enough to offer the kind of kindness Rochester eventually offers Jane, once he has been blinded by the fire that Bertha set. Yet, it should be noted that Rochester only rights the wrongs he has done Jane when he has been stripped of all his worth and even his sight. It takes the monumental event of losing everything to bring him to right the wrongs of his past, again an expression of the lengths to which men must go in these works to fully understand their own actions and the needs of others."
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