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Women and Sport, 2007.
The writer provides a personal reflection on femininity and sports.
773 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 0 sources, $ 27.95
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Abstract
In this paper, the writer offers reasons why she is a good candidate for a kinesiology course. She begins by describing the reasons behind her involvement in physical activity, health and athletics. She then details her personal experiences with ostracism and marginalized female athletes and explains how all of these experiences make her a good candiate for the course. The writer also discusses how her experiences have taught her that there may very well be merit to the argument that "male" and "female" is socially constructed - as are our respective attitudes and behavioral patterns.
From the Paper
"There are a number of reasons why I became interested in issues pertaining to women, sports (specifically female sports), physical activity (chiefly as it pertains to women) and to human health in general. To begin with, I have long been interested in the issue of masculinity versus femininity and how our society constructs both. A number of years ago, when I was still in grade school, I was stabbed by an individual after a game of "touch" football grew out of hand. Making an already frightening situation worse, the individual was joined in the attack by two of his friends, who proceeded to beat me with such venom I truly though my life was in danger."
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The Rational Choice Theory, 2007.
This paper examines the feminist perspective of the rational choice theory as an explanation for female crime.
812 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
The paper provides a brief definition of the rational choice theory and argues that the theory, while plausible, is far too laden with masculine, patriarchal assumptions to be an effective explanation for female crime. The paper shows how females have been constrained historically by patriarchal forces and concludes that this is sufficient proof that the theory functions better as an explanation for male criminal behavior than for female criminal behavior.
From the Paper
"Simply put, rational choice theory holds that criminals are rational or "purposive" actors who calculate the relative benefits and costs of committing an act and make a decision which they believe will maximize the utility of their (criminal) actions. According to at least one online source, rational choice theory also posits that the alternatives available to any actor or group of actors is necessarily constrained by the environment and by the institutions within which they make their decisions. In the end, it appears as though rational choice theory posits that criminals select certain victims and/or certain types of crime because they feel the reward is sufficient to justify the risk or the risk is low enough that the "lure" of the reward becomes over-mastering (O'Connor 2005)."
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Adaptation in Obstetrics, 2007.
An in-depth look at the implications of adaptation in maternal care.
2,498 words (approx. 10.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 75.95
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Abstract
The paper explores the different facets of adaptation from the perspective of the expectant mother, environment and the nurse. The paper provides a detailed definition of adaptation and explains that adaptation eventually results in the net improvement of the maternal health of women and their ability to adjust more readily to the challenges of pregnancy. The paper provides case studies that illustrate the role of adaptation in overall maternal health.
Outline:
Concept Overview
Definition
Antecedents
Defining characteristics
Consequences
Contrary Case
Related Case
Borderline Case
Social Context
Underlying Anxiety
Practical Results
Results in Language
From the Paper
"Adaptation can be thought of generally as a transition from a previous state to a more suitable state. It often means dealing with a loss of many liberties along with the security of these liberties as well while simultaneously taking up new and unfamiliar responsibilities. In health care, it is a complex concept which can encompass many elements: the health care provider, the hospital or patient environment, the patient's circle of family and friends or most especially, the patient in any number of combinations. This is an important concept to analyze because of the implications in maternal care. This is often a time for life-changing, permanent adjustments in lifestyle, career and personal goals, relationships with one's partner, immediate family and household members (Williams, 1995). By delving into what the concept of adaptation encompasses, this paper endeavors to enable maternal patients and their families to faster embrace the inevitable role of either becoming a parent, transition from being a daughter to a mother, or from parent to grandparent."
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Sexual Harassment Policies, 2007.
This paper discusses sexual harassment policies in Canada and evaluates strategies of change.
1,900 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 60.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that with the rise of the modern feminist movement in the late 1960s and 1970s, what had previously been considered tolerable, if not acceptable, behavior in the workplace began to be called into question - especially as it pertained to the matter of sexual harassment. With this in mind, this paper looks at the important issue of sexual harassment and examines what strategies have been pursued and continue to be pursued with regards to addressing this issue. The focus falls primarily upon Canadian organizations charged with protecting the interests of women in the workforce. The writer details why sexual harassment is such an important topic and discusses in brief four Canadian organizations ostensibly committed to fighting sexual harassment in the workplace and looks at the strategies they pursue towards this end. Finally, the paper concludes with an assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of the strategies apparently put forward by the above-mentioned organizations and notes what can be done differently to achieve the final aims of those preoccupied with bringing sexual harassment to an end.
From the Paper
"The first women's organization worthy of discussion is the Alberta Women Entrepreneurs organization - or the Alberta Women's Enterprise Initiative Association as it has historically also been called. A review of the organization's professional website reveals very little about the policies the AWE pursues in order to combat sexual harassment. For example, the home page contains links to popular events the organization puts on regularly with the goal of educating women about what skills and attitudes they need to be successful in an alleged "man's" world, but a careful review of the site does not reveal any specific policy initiatives vis-a-vis sexual harassment. Presumably, because the organization pursues an educational function above all else, at least some of the many events it stages each year discuss what women need to look for when they believe themselves to be the victims of sexual harassment . ."
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Labor Choices of Immigrant Women, 2007.
This paper explores women immigrants and labor choices in the USA and Sweden.
1,769 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the theory of Naila Kabeer who researched Bangladeshi women home workers and maintained that these women did not exercise their own preference in their work choice. Kabeer explains that they were influenced by male domination, which in turn was impacted by societal discrimination. The paper shows that the patterns of employment and labor of immigrant women in the USA and in Sweden lend corroboration to this theory. The paper demonstrates how immigrant women face multiple levels of discrimination, most notably sexist and racist prejudice.
From the Paper
"As noted above, Kabeer has pointed out that most Bangladeshi woman in London work in the clothing industry from home, while their husbands mainly work in the clothing industry in sweatshops and factories. Kabeer researched the reason for this, and found that the Bangladeshi women's "choice" to work at home is only partly their own preference, and that it is greatly influenced by male domination and other factors. She situates this domination within the context of the racist situation in which the entire family lives."
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"Three Guineas", 2007.
A discussion of "Three Guineas" by Virginia Woolf.
1,395 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how Woolf highlights the interconnectedness between male power and social ills. The paper shows how Woolf developed an insightful analysis of her society which correctly pointed out the interconnectedness of oppressions, and which postulated that the education of women and their entry into the professions might lead to the end of war. The paper relates that history seems to be proving her wrong, but the paper stresses that the power of her analysis lies in her perception of the wider connections and this insight continues to be elaborated in useful ways by feminists today.
From the Paper
"When reading Three Guineas, many women will be horrified by some of the facts that Woolf documents. Certainly, reading this piece some seventy years after it was published, I was horrified to realise how recently the emancipation of women really began. In Woolf's time, despite recent legislative changes, women were still utterly subjugated by men. Realizing this, and juxtaposing it with the elegant and incisive intelligence that so clearly penned this work, I suddenly understood why Woolf walked into the River Ouze. Imagine having intelligence like this, while being treated by one's society as a child! This fine intelligence informs all of Three Guineas, drawing what essentially is an extended essay (masquerading as a letter) into a carefully balanced argument."
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The Female Beauty Myth, 2007.
This paper explores the motives behind the way women are portrayed in the popular media.
2,492 words (approx. 10.0 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 75.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the views of Naomi Wolf in her book "The Beauty Myth" that the enforced version of female beauty helps to maintain male economic and political power. The paper also discusses Noam Chomsky's argument that the powerful elite of our society deliberately manipulate the media they control in order to maintain the current status quo. The paper examines current popular media, especially television and film, to investigate whether these allegations appear to be valid. The paper concludes that the beauty ideal is indeed a myth that the elite of our society convey to us via the popular media in order to keep women in their inferior place.
From the Paper
"In her book The Beauty Myth, Naomi Wolf argues that the ideal of female beauty that is projected in modern mass media is simply the latest method of keeping women in a subservient role within the patriarchal system. Wolf sees the aggressive pushing of a particular form of beauty as an important part of a backlash against the successes that have been achieved by the feminist movement. She believes that this enforced version of female beauty helps to maintain male economic and political power, by keeping women busy with diet and exercise, or keeping them so consumed by anxiety that they are unable to act effectively in the worlds of business and politics. Wolf argues this point with reference to many aspects of the popular media, noting that they all send the message that it is vitally important for women to be beautiful; and that in order to beautiful, women must be thin (and preferably also young, white and blonde). In considering these allegations, we also need to keep in mind that theorists such as Noam Chomsky have argued persuasively that the media is controlled by the powerful elite of our society, who deliberately manipulate the media they control in order to maintain the current status quo."
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Evolution of Social Movements, 2007.
An analysis of how social movements affected social change in the 1960s.
1,584 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper shows how the powers of social movements are derived primarily from injustice in society. The paper looks at the civil rights, feminist and anti-war movements in the nineteen-sixties that demonstrated how once a social movement gains momentum it can produce wider public dissatisfaction with the status quo and compel elected officials to take action against injustice. The paper points out, however, that the power to affect social change in society tends to be fluid, for once a social movement achieves a certain degree of social change, it meets increasing resistance, which reduces its power.
From the Paper
"The Civil Rights Movement of the nineteen-sixties began because of Rosa Parks and the Montgomery, Alabama bus boycott in 1955, which inspired African-Americans to increase their efforts to win equality. Parks (1999) notes that a few years later, when Attorney General Robert Kennedy sent the FBI into the South in 1962 to enforce laws, prevent violence, and protect civil rights activists, it sent a strong message that the time for racial justice had arrived and that racial segregation must be ended."
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Western and Oriental Gynecology, 2007.
This paper discuses Western versus Oriental approaches to gynecology using a case study of fibroid tumors.
1,580 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, around the world, historically gynecology practices and perspectives on medical care often vary with societal cultures and religious beliefs and practices. The author points out that the Western approach to medicine is evidence-based, which most individuals think has a scientific basis for the diagnostic and treatment techniques that range from observation to invasive techniques. The paper relates that Oriental medicine, with its cultural roots in Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism, stresses therapeutic interventions, which are relatively non-invasive and includes recommendations on diet, exercise and medication that the patient performs themselves and practitioner administered therapies that incorporate for example cupping, the burning of herbs, acupuncture or medicinal herbs brewed as a tea.
Table of Contents:
Gynecology Defined
Western Medicine
Oriental Medicine
Case Study
Western Intervention
Oriental Intervention
From the Paper
"A more contemporary approach to Oriental medicine states that fibroid tumors are usually associated with a "sedentary lifestyle and a diet high in animal fats and refined foods (white flour and sugar) cause[ing] a buildup of toxins." As such, a diet limiting these types of foods and a blend of Chinese herbs to reduce the tumor and increase blood circulation to aide in detoxifying the patient are utilized. Once fibroid tumors are suspected, or are diagnosed through traditional Western medical methods and the patient subsequently seeks treatment from a physician specializing in Oriental medicine. "the treatment is usually invasive. For fibroid tumors, heated herbal abdominal wraps are used to increase lymph node drainage while magnetic therapy can be used to stop the tumor growth and associated inflammation (Woods, 2000). Additionally, acupuncture treatments, ranging from several times a week to monthly are usually indicated (Wood, 2000).
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Female Criminals, 2007.
This paper explores why women commit crime in the United States.
2,905 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 86.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how women refrain from some acts because of a fear about the physical violence involved and engage in other acts because their living conditions leave them with no alternative. The paper explains that female criminal activity is not motivated by a desire for status or for "fun" because they have not bound up their personal self-identification with whatever power or riches attend such behavior. The paper concludes that, at the risk of over-generalization, women commit crimes because they have to while many males commit crimes because they feel they can.
From the Paper
"To begin with, there is evidence that women are driven to crime primarily out of desperation or fear. In a recent scholarly study, Anne Campbell, Steven Muncer and Daniel Bibel conclude that "resource scarcity" propels women towards the commission of property offenses (chiefly stealing) and also towards the commission of violent crimes. To put the matter another way, property offenses committed by women reflect an effort to provide for themselves in the absence of a "provisioning" male; furthermore, violence by women (at least against other women) is rooted chiefly in competition for desirable men."
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Women's Literature, 2007.
This paper discusses the most important social and political issues that confronted twentieth century female writers.
918 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at the works of Eavan Boland, Sharon Olds, Stevie Smith and Margaret Atwood. The paper examines the imperatives of Christianity, the notion of women as physical adornments and the concept that women since the time of Eve have been blamed for many things and compelled to accept a man as their lord and master on earth. The paper considers that the social upheavals of the twentieth century had their origins in the rejection of Christian patriarchy and suggests that the writers mentioned above played a key role in that revolution.
From the Paper
"Eavan Boland's work seems preoccupied with Christianity, as well as with the burdens women must bear in a society in which they are identified by their bodies. Christianity is still the predominant religion in America, as it was throughout the twentieth century. In "Anorexic," Boland comments about a woman grappling with an eating disorder. Not only does it touch upon the suffering and privation of anorexia, it also uses Christian imagery to convey the sort of self-sacrifice involved. Boland writes "Flesh is Heretic / My Body is a Witch/I am burning it . . . . I will grow / Angular and Holy" (lines 1-3, 34-36)."
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Marriage Roles, 2007.
This paper discusses traditional versus non-traditional roles in marriage.
1,198 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that traditional roles in marriage have been considered by some to be the foundation of American society. The writer points out that marriages between men and women have been accepted and expected since the country was founded and the gender roles that have been played in these relationships remained generally unchanged until the last few decades. The writer then notes that within the country people now argue about whether or not traditional roles in marriage are superior to non-traditional roles. The writer maintains that what is apparent is that there is an attempt being made to control how people live and who they will ultimately marry. The writer discusses that the struggle for control over people can be correlated to the control over women that has existed in traditional marriages throughout history. Traditional roles are no longer about happiness as much as they are about one partner dominating another. However, in non-traditional marriages individuals are discovering that they have the ability to build a life that is based on their mutual goals and these people are genuinely happy. The writer argues that since happiness would appear to be the primary reason for people to get married, it is evident that non-traditional roles are more preferential than traditional roles when it comes to marriage.
From the Paper
"With the rise of industrialization and urbanization traditional gender roles in marriage were established for many years. Traditional gender roles in marriage have focused on the woman being the primary caregiver and the man being the breadwinner. For women this meant that they were tasked with maintaining every aspect of the home, to include the upkeep of the residence, ensuring that the bills were paid, preparing the meals and cleaning. These roles also tasked the women with the responsibility of caring for children and ensuring that their educational needs were met. It further meant that the woman was responsible for attending to all of her husband's needs and providing a home in which he could be happy. For men the traditional role in marriage related more to employment and the ability to provide a sufficient income. While males were expected to fulfill a role as father and husband, these duties were expected to occur when the male had excess time away from his job."
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Women in Islam, 2007.
A look at the attitudes towards married women in Islam.
1,343 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the treatment of married Muslim women who live under the dictates of Islamic law. In particular, it looks briefly at marital issues such as polygamy, feminine "modesty" in marriage (specifically the wearing of the traditional veil) and at the matter of domestic violence and whether the Koran specifically permits such acts. In addition, it discusses divorce as it exists under the tenets of the Koran and some time is devoted to the contentious issue of Sharia law and what it portends for Muslim women living in modern western states, specifically Canada.
From the Paper
"Additionally, the Koran does not encourage violence against wives - at least according to a small group of feminist scholars who have examined the Holy Text. Specifically, they cite Chapters XVI and LXXXI along with Chapter IV which all indicate that women are to be not be "ill-treated" and that relationships between men and women should be characterized by charity and sharing. Furthermore, the "Hadith" or "Sayings of the Prophets" emphasize that only "wicked men" insult women and that the "most perfect believers" were those who treated their wives compassionately. "
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Women's Suffrage Movement, 2007.
An analysis of the history and accomplishments of the women's suffrage movement.
824 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the women's suffrage movement from 1896-1920. It describes the history of the movement in the United States and the breakthrough they represented in their attempt to define themselves in equal terms not only towards men, but also on the political scene they had been denied access to. The paper also describes the different paths that women decided to take, despite the accomplishments of the movement.
From the Paper
"At the opposite end of this spectrum, the Women's Suffrage Movement was one of the main forces that stirred the emancipation movement from the idealistic perspective offered above. It was defined especially by the historical developments that occurred in the late 1880s when women were forced to take part in the migration towards California in particular. The constant moves and relocations transformed women in characters equal in power and commitment to men. This in turn offered them the opportunity and moral leverage to rise for their demand to equal men in rights as well and request similar treatment. This was achieved through prolonged picketing of governmental offices, of House White rallies, and jail time spent by the most preeminent advocates for the cause."
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Women's Education in Jordan and the U.S., 2007.
This paper compares the education opportunities for women in Jordan and the United States.
3,334 words (approx. 13.3 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that, although cultural and social factors may limit women's educational opportunities in both the United States and Jordan, statistics and qualitative studies show the trend leaning towards increasing opportunities for women. The paper discusses how Jordan has made great strides in its treatment of women in education and in the workplace, but points out that there are inherent limitations on women in Jordanian society. The paper compares this to the education of women in the United States that has been more gradual and where there is a greater degree of freedom that eventually allows for a smaller gender gap.
From the Paper
"Both the United States and Jordan have witnessed an evolution in education for women. The evolution, in bothn cases, has been for the positive. In Jordan, the change is relatively recent. An indication of the recent understanding of the importance of women's education in Jordan is the May 2005 trip Laura Bush took to Jordan and other Middle Eastern countries. She emphasized the increasing trend towards education of women and in giving women in Jordan micro loans to help them to get started on their own (White House Office 2005). This shows the growing understanding of women's education in Jordan that has been taking place for the past 20 years. Furthermore, education for women is on the upswing in Jordan. Likewise, women in the United States had to make progress to reach a point in which their education was on a equal level with men."
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