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End of Life Issues, 2007.
This paper discusses end of life issues for the family.
1,458 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses end of life issues for the family and notes that all nurses are certain to encounter these issues in some form. The writer points out that with a rapidly aging population, it is vital to provide culturally and gender-sensitive end-of-life interventions to enhance patient/family satisfaction and to efficiently allocate resources. The writer maintains that women experience end-of-life problems differently from men and minority cultures encounter very different issues from the white dominant culture. The writer looks at the Calgary Family Assessment Model (CFAM) that allows for a systematic method to complete a comprehensive family assessment as well as the choice of the most effective interventions to ensure family functioning. The writer discusses this topic with regards to communication, roles and influence.
From the Paper
"This dimension includes the family life cycle and the continuity and change related to a chronic illness. Culture and class interact with family development. Family life cycles such as death demand that that the family change and adapt. In terms of developmental assessment, any recent significant events in the family along with impending death need to be discussed. This assessment establishes the family's developmental stage, provides a perspective by which the current stressors can be explored to determine the probable impact on the family and on its future development."
"Within the functional dimension, expressive functioning includes verbal, nonverbal, and emotional communication, roles, influence, beliefs, and alliances or coalitions. Good communication is vital when a patient is dying; in this situation, communication is particularly important for the family members who are subject to extreme stress."
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Crack Cocaine and Homelessness, 2007.
This paper explores crack addiction, mental illness and homelessness in Toronto and the treatment options available.
3,342 words (approx. 13.4 pages), 19 sources, APA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
The paper describes the incidence of crack cocaine addiction and its relation to mental illness and homelessness. The paper researches the treatment approaches in central Canada and compares them to the more varied, successful treatments and therapies in the United Kingdom and Europe. The paper notes Canada's resigned attitude towards a form of addiction that is considered 'untreatable' or 'hopeless'. The paper reveals the need for Canada to actively encourage crack addicts to attempt recovery, to learn more about different approaches to treatment and finally, adapt them to the Toronto environment.
Outline:
Introduction
Not Just Addiction
A Second Intervention
Towards a Different Approach
Concluding Discussion
From the Paper
"An important dimension of the problem is the coincidence of crack addiction and mental illness. Crack addicts often present symptoms of the mood disorders and psychosis in addition to those of the personality disorders found in almost 25 per cent. (Falck Et Al: 2004:504) In homeless patients, it can be difficult to determine a primary problem of mental illness or addiction. Many vagrant schizophrenics, for example, become addicted to crack just as crack cocaine induces symptoms of paranoid psychosis in persons without histories of mental illness. Through it all, homelessness remains a key determinant of addicts' health. (Fischer Et Al: 2005:252) Awareness of crack cocaine addiction in homeless populations enhances insight into why many homeless persons remain as they are, failing to take up occasional opportunities for housing."
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Psychology: Client Needs, 2007.
This paper identifies specific client concepts within social work and psychology to shows why clients needs to be recognized as having personal needs.
947 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper demonstrates that associations between a client and a social worker or specialist require identification of the specific needs unique to the client. The paper describes concepts such as resistance and defense and transference and empathy, which can be changed according to the needs of the client. The paper shows how the client must be approached as an individual with personal problems and given aid according to the type and nature of these problems.
Outline:
Introduction
Resistance and Defense
Transference and Empathy
Interpretations
Working Through
Jung's Analytical Psychology
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The concept area of resistance and defense is used to explore how a client copes with stress, especially in scenarios in which conflict is found. Resistance and defense are sometimes defined as "coping strategies" as these are behaviors that the client manifests in order to create a desirable outcome, but this is a misleading term. Rather, resistance and defense are barricades enacted by the client to avoid facing issues or dealing with circumstances that cause some form of personal stress."
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Individualism in India, 2007.
An analysis of the rising influence of individualism in India.
1,056 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the concept of individualism within a society and how it differs between countries. Next, the paper examines the culture in India and focuses on describing the lack of individualism that appears to be in their culture. It then shows how there is, however, a rising culture of individualism in India through the influence of individual mobility and information access.
From the Paper
"Some ways that we could expect to see the rising influence of individualism in India are in individual mobility and information access. Access to information separate from the influence of the extended family network--such as through digital networks--undermines the authority of the group by placing unprecedented power to make informed decisions in the hands of the individual. The spread of information access and usage throughout India could well be indicative of a new trend toward individualist values. Similarly, personal mobility, both the freedom to do so as well as the willingness, will be affected by individualist values. Greater mobility means more freedom of movement and a greater need to take personal responsibility for personal and professional decision that cannot always include the social group or extended family. Information access and mobility represent two of the ways in which individualist values could be asserting themselves in India."
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Children's Television Advertisements, 2007.
This paper analyzes the influences of advertising in children's television shows.
828 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the television shows and advertising content on the Public Broadcasting System (PBS) channel when airing "Berenstein Bears", "Dragon Tales", "Bob the Builder" and "Angelina Ballerina". The paper presents two differing opinions in relation to television advertising and its influence on children. It also discusses the contention that all advertising can have an adverse affect on children, as well as the contention that, if parents take the time to explain advertising to their children, the child will learn to evaluate commercials effectively. The paper supports the second contention.
From the Paper
"On the Berenstein Bears the family discussed the needs of the mother bear to work outside of the home and the family's responsibility at helping out with chores while the mother worked. On Dragon Tales the show focuses on one of the Dragon's being afraid to accomplish a task without his good luck charm, which he believed gave him the power to succeed. Bob the Builder told the tale of Bob and his friends helping to stop a plumbing leak at the local school. Finally, on Angelina Ballerina the "mouselings" fought to save an old tree in the park."
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Religion and Culture, 2007.
This paper looks at beliefs regarding the structure of organized religion.
750 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the understanding that organized religion is mandatory in the lives of some individuals, while it is cast aside by others. The writer notes that within her own personal experience in relation to the larger social order, these practices are both acceptable, depending on the individual. The writer maintains that the acceptance of this belief is due to a background in which hypocrisy has been seen in religion, as events over the last several decades have demonstrated that organized religion is not always about God, but about wealth. The writer concludes that due to culture, gender or the structure of organized religion, the true basis of religion is consistently ignored and this creates issues in theology that are detrimental to the beauty of faith.
From the Paper
"This knowledge has affected how I envision a divine ministry because it forces me to question the truthfulness of those that represent the church. Additionally, these experiences have led me to believe that my personal connection to God is more devout that many ministers or supposed faithful. This is because when representatives of the church seek to gain prosperity from innocent believers who are struggling in this world, they are overlooking the real core of religion. Religion must be about a personal relationship with God, not about ensuring that the poor remain so throughout their lives in the name of God."
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Application of Nursing Models, 2007.
This paper discusses the application of nursing models presented by Sister Callista Roy, Madeleine Leininger and Betty Neuman.
2,160 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that as the demands on nurses and the nursing profession have increased over the last several decades, it became evident to many nursing professionals that the ideology related to nursing practice had to be changed. The writer notes that cultural, environmental and mind-body considerations were significantly important because these factors were known to impact patients and their health. However, the writer points out that as more information became available through practice, it was also apparent that each person had to be evaluated independently in order for health care professionals to have a clear idea of all issues that affected the patient's well being. The writer then discusses that Roy, Neuman and Leininger each developed approaches to nursing practice that were intended to provide a well established vision of the person, which could be used in preventative medicine, as well as in the event of illness. These theories lead nurses to be capable of treating the whole individual, while providing the quality care that nursing is intended to ensure.
Outline:
Introduction
Leininger and the Transcultural Nursing Model
Application of Lieninger's Sunrise Model
Environment and Population
Cultural Values
Religious and Philosophical Factors
Kinship and Social Factors
Political and Legal Factors
Economic Factors
Educational Factors
Health Care System
Roy Adaptation Model
Application of the Roy Adaptation Model
Scientific and Philosophical Elements
Self-Concept and Group Identity
Role Function
Environment
Health and Adaptation
Nursing
Neuman Systems Model
Application of the Neuman Systems Model
Basic Structure/Energy Resources
Stressors
Line of Resistance
Optimal System Stability
Prevention/Intervention and Nursing
From the Paper
"The transcultural model, therefore, is comprised of numerous factors that must be taken into consideration if the proper care is to be presented for each individual patient. The most significant of these factors is culture. According to Leininger, the culture that an individual belongs to affects every aspect of that individual's existence. The elements associated with a culture are taught to the person from the time of birth and consistently impact thought, religious beliefs, behaviors and how the person relates to the health care environment."
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Friday Night Lights, 2007.
This paper analyzes the book 'Friday Night Lights: A Town, a Team, and a Dream' by H.G. Bissinger.
750 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
The writer of this article discusses that in the book 'Friday Night Lights: A Town, a Team, and a Dream', H.G. Bissinger writes about the central role of high school football in the community life of Odessa, Texas. The writer notes that the author is attracted to the story when he learns that as many as 20,000 people attend the football games on Friday night, eager to root for a team called the Permian Panthers. The writer discusses that football holds a more important place in the lives of the people of this area than would be true for people elsewhere. The writer points out that the author analyzes not just the games and the crowds but the demographics and economics of the region, suggesting a link between the poor economic life of the region and the focus on a winning football team for community spirit and a relatively inexpensive and reliable source of entertainment.
From the Paper
"The elevation of athletes to a favored position in schools is nothing new and is common in high school and college alike, though Odessa may have exceeded the norm in this regard. The community's dedication to football has much less to do with the athletes themselves than with the need on the part of the rest of the community to have something that raises them above the unsettled nature of the region in which they live. Bissinger notes from the first how the area suffers from economic problems and intermittent violence. Life is described as hard in Odessa, and people find that football can be an escape. The way the people of Odessa respond to football is not unlike what is seen in other communities, Midland included, but as a rule, a community reacts to the local football team to the degree that members of the community are associated with the school because they have children in the school or because they themselves are alumni of the school. In Odessa, on the other hand, the high school football team appeals to people with no direct association with the school at all. The high school has been made the central feature of the community, at least during football season."
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Criminology Theories, 2007.
This paper discusses four criminological theories and explanations for crime.
1,824 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews, in chronological order, four significant criminological theories - early biological theory as championed by Cesare Lombroso, ecological theory as made popular by the Chicago School, Merton's Economic Strain theory, and feminist criminological theory emphasizing a "gendered" approach to understanding crime - and illustrates how each succeeding theory was either indebted to the one before it or produced in response to the one which came before. Every bit as meaningfully, the paper takes a closer look at the social or intellectual trends/fashions which made it possible for new, divergent theories to achieve prominence even when pre-existing theories seemed unshakable in their primacy. Ultimately, the paper concludes that the field of criminology is fertile, evolutionary and ceaselessly dynamic.
Outline:
Abstract
Criminological Theories: The Emergence and Evolution of Four Theoretical Explanations for Crime
From the Paper
"Quite simply, whatever its shortcomings, early biological theory was a welcome respite from doctrinaire "free will" explanations of crime which had largely dominated the intellectual landscape up until the last quarter of the nineteenth century. In light of this fact, his work should be understood and appreciated within its historical context and not judged wholly by the criminological standards of today."
"Although his contribution to criminology was most welcome, it was not long before a number of academics began to call his findings into question. The most famous of all these dissenters was not an individual, per se, but a school. Specifically, criminologists in the Department of Sociology at the University of Chicago became the chief advocates of a new criminological theory known as ecological crime theory ..."
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The Rational Choice Theory, 2007.
This paper examines the feminist perspective of the rational choice theory as an explanation for female crime.
812 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
The paper provides a brief definition of the rational choice theory and argues that the theory, while plausible, is far too laden with masculine, patriarchal assumptions to be an effective explanation for female crime. The paper shows how females have been constrained historically by patriarchal forces and concludes that this is sufficient proof that the theory functions better as an explanation for male criminal behavior than for female criminal behavior.
From the Paper
"Simply put, rational choice theory holds that criminals are rational or "purposive" actors who calculate the relative benefits and costs of committing an act and make a decision which they believe will maximize the utility of their (criminal) actions. According to at least one online source, rational choice theory also posits that the alternatives available to any actor or group of actors is necessarily constrained by the environment and by the institutions within which they make their decisions. In the end, it appears as though rational choice theory posits that criminals select certain victims and/or certain types of crime because they feel the reward is sufficient to justify the risk or the risk is low enough that the "lure" of the reward becomes over-mastering (O'Connor 2005)."
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An Auto-Ethnography of My Life, 2007.
This paper is an auto-ethnography about how the experiences of living in three different countries have helped to form a deeply multicultural, complex person.
1,380 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the author completed preschool and grade one in Hong Kong, one of the most multicultural cities in the world; however, his parents sent him and his brother to Sydney, Australia, to attended a private boarding school. The author explains that, regardless of how very hard they tried, he and his brother could never quite catch up with the other boys because they simply had too many disadvantages and additional stressors, such as extreme home-sickness. The paper relates that the whole family to Canada, which had a well-deserved reputation for being multicultural, in 1996, when the author was 14. The author reports that he was able to make a much better adjustment and, as an adult, has remained in Canada. The paper includes critical endnotes.
From the Paper
"After many years of hard work I was able to complete my high school education in Vancouver, and began the process to be accepted into Simon Fraser University. By the time I was accepted by SFU, my parents had decided to move back to Hong Kong. They cannot speak English at all, and I think they were too old and set in their ways to integrate into a foreign culture. Also, they had retired, so they did not have the enjoyment and stimulation of working. All in all, they were bored and socially isolated within a foreign culture, and really needed to get back to Hong Kong."
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Insights into the Child Welfare System, 2007.
An analysis of the areas that call for attention in terms of revision within the child welfare system (CWS).
3,081 words (approx. 12.3 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 90.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a welfare professional's insights into the child welfare system (CWS). The paper explains that the welfare professional was a foster child herself and then goes on to describe three areas that call for attention in terms of revision within CWS: These issues concern systems thinking and the interrelatedness of all CWS decisions, cultural issues in CWS dealings relating to both structural inequality and diversity theories and organizational structure issues, which are relevant in both leadership and change theories and organizational change theories.
From the Paper
"Finally, changes in the organizational structure and overall running protocol of CWS agencies will allow improvements in the system. Expecting and fostering accountability will create an environment of strength and security, greatly improving the chances of success for CWS clients. Additional collaboration with outside and connected organizations will provide support and insight while maintaining that accountability through open expectations and goal sharing with those agencies. Most importantly, these changes must occur while moving CWS toward a flat organizational structure. This will address current structural and bureaucratic problems while increasing inter-agency communication. Reducing levels of management will also allow management to work more closely with "front line" staff and improve quality of care."
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"Tropic of Orange", 2007.
This paper examines Karen Tei Yamashita's views of multiculturalism in "Tropic of Orange".
1,062 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses Yamashita's "Tropic of Orange" that deals with the cultural and economic issues intimately associated with globalization. The paper focuses on a single passage from the book and explains Yamashita's view that cultural diversity has been reduced in the West to the experiences that can be easily packaged and sold via the existing channels of global capitalism. The paper highlights the idea that multiculturalism has become a commercial venture.
From the Paper
"In Tropic of Orange, Karen Tei Yamashita utilizes the (non)tropes of magical realism to deliver a very specific vision of America's future. As many critics have noted, Yamashita's Tropic of Orange deals with the cultural and economic issues intimately associated with globalization and the uneven development of different parts of the world, with a strong division drawn between nations in the North and those in the South (Wallace 145; Gier and Tejeda). Yamashita's examination of place and border is set against the backdrop of modern Los Angeles, arguably one of the most commercially cosmopolitan cities in the world. It is, we quickly learn, both a part of the United States but simultaneously an entity distinct from that national body."
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Homeless Families, 2007.
This paper explores the variables that increase the risk of homelessness.
1,589 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses political, cultural and health care concerns that impact families who either are currently homeless or are at risk for becoming homeless. It reviews literature that identifies how these factors affect the status of families and can contribute to or reduce the risk of families becoming homeless.
Outline:
Predictors of Homelessness
Health Issues Affecting the Homeless
Intervention Strategies
From the Paper
"Data indicates that the overall risk of homelessness can be predicted through the degree to which families experience specific conditions. The higher or more severe these variables are expressed in respect to the family, the greater the risk that the family will experience destabilizing effects in regards to their housing situation. Shinn et al. (1998) produced a comprehensive study into these variables. In a qualitative, longitudinal, interview-based assessment, Shinn et al. (1998) surveyed the data from 266 families seeking shelter from low-cost or free public shelter facilities within New York City. The authors then contrasted the data from this survey against responses from 298 families who had some form of permanent housing, and the majority of which owned or were able to rent shelter that was exclusively under their control."
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Asian Population Growth, 2007.
This paper focuses on South Asia and its population control problems.
2,566 words (approx. 10.3 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
The paper explores the impact that rapid population growth is having upon the cultural, political and economic geography of South Asia. The paper looks at India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Afghanistan and Bhutan and evaluates which regions are dealing most effectively with the perceived demographic crisis. The paper discusses the political and social consequences of their failures.
From the Paper
"To start with, our course readings inform us that south Asia is afflicted with grinding poverty and with all the health, nutritional, and poor educational attainment problems associated with poverty. At the same time, the region is crowded, with 22 percent of the planet's population crammed into 3 percent of the planet's land area (de Blij & Muller 2001). As one can well imagine, social maladies like unrest, resentment and criminal activity can quickly ensue and grow to tragic dimensions if something is not done to first stop the population growth and, secondly, the ugly social problems besetting the geographic region."
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