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The Integration of Immigrants, 2007.
A discussion of Peter Skerry's article, "Citizenship Begins at Home: A New Approach to the Civic Integration of Immigrants".
1,002 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
The paper reviews the article by Peter Skerry, "Citizenship Begins at Home: A New Approach to the Civic Integration of Immigrants", in order to assess the extent to which institutions should be responsible for the integration of new immigrants into American communities. The paper argues that institutions should act formally and informally as support systems for new arrivals, but individuals still must determine where they wish to go with their own lives.
From the Paper
"At the present time, some American universities are arguing that it is part of their mandate to provide "a diverse community" of career professionals with the opportunity to transform themselves so that they might transform society for the better. Indeed, some universities have made such sentiments part of their over-arching mission statement. While some people may feel uncomfortable with such assertions - there are perhaps too many "social engineers" in America as it is - there is definitely something to be said for institutions stepping forward to help groom young people, especially young people from immigrant backgrounds, into productive and faithful Americans. Certainly, Peter Skerry (2004) is correct to point out that what America needs most is for institutions and communities to step forward and provide the structure and guidance necessary for newly-arrived individuals to take full advantage of what America has to offer."
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Third-World Under-Development, 2007.
This paper looks at the dependency theory vs. the modernization theory for explaining why large parts of the world remain under-developed.
1,427 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
The paper compares and contrasts the modernization and dependency theories, which explain third-world under-development. The paper assesses the strengths and weaknesses of each. The paper determines that the dependency theory is more effective at illustrating why so much of the world continues to lag behind North America and Europe.
From the Paper
"Before proceeding too far, it is necessary to understand what each of the theories means and where each is both strong and weak. To start with, modernization theory holds that economic development and progress is intimately connected to the socio-political institutions and general attitudes of a society. As a result, developing countries which seek to "modernize" and accrue the trappings of western nations must eschew "antiquated" values and traditions in favor of modern sensibilities which disdain "traditionalism," fatalism, and unbending kinship relationships. To elaborate more fully, "modern" societies are merit-based in their dispensation of "spoils", emphasize social mobility (both up and down), emphasize also entrepreneurship and ambition, and emphasize participation by individuals in the shaping of society. Finally, modern societies privilege and "make way for" capital accumulation - the sort of accumulation which makes development possible (Webster, 49-53)."
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Technological Deployment and Resistance, 2007.
An analysis of the social resistance to increasing technical deployment.
1,497 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the suggestion that challenges to technological adoption have been predominantly localized and unorganized and, as a consequence, largely ineffective. It explores this idea in greater depth arguing, that the characteristics of the challenges to technological adoption are largely dependent upon the nature of the technology being implemented. It also looks at how the example of the deployment of Internet communication technologies demonstrates how a technology can itself carry the seeds of resistance to the forces of social control that are implementing its deployment.
From the Paper
"In the 21st century we carry with us the social legacies of the implementation of technologies in earlier times. One of the most defining deployments lies in the introduction of mass industrial production in the early 20th century, when assembly line factories came to define the social landscapes of major industrial nations. While these were an evolution from the factories of the earlier Industrial Revolution, they were perhaps even more important because of their association with social technologies to micromanage the time and energies of large industrial workforces. "
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Social Policy Options, 2007.
This paper examines policy options regarding homeless African-Americans.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at the issue of homelessness as it impacts African-Americans and provides some possible policy options that might alleviate this social illness. The paper examines a minimum wage policy and proposes efforts to turn local abandoned areas into sites for low-cost housing projects. The paper concludes that money can be diverted from public sector wages into the programs regulating labor practices and the subsidization of housing initiatives.
From the Paper
"To begin with, a budgeting policy must have proper checks and balances in place. In most college systems, budgetary overview is the responsibility of the Finance Committee of a Board of Management or the Finance Committee of a Board of Directors (Motherwell College 2000). In the case of a municipality that is attempting to successfully grapple with African-American homelessness, it seems intuitive that budgetary overview should be partly the responsibility of a Housing Commission or of a Sub-Committee devoted to addressing social ills."
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African-American Women and Suicide, 2007.
This paper explores the possible reasons for the low suicide rates among African-American woman.
1,462 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 16 sources, APA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper reveals that, although suicide rates are at epidemic proportions, suicide rates for African-American women are unusually low. The paper reviews the statistical patterns of suicide in the United States and in minorities around the world and discusses the plight of the African-American woman in relation to psychosocial and psychological issues. The paper then discusses coping devices used by African-American women that are associated with lower suicide rates.
Outline:
Plight of the African-American Women
Protective factors
From the Paper
"Eight hundred thousand (800,000) died by their own hand throughout the world in 2000; more than died that year in all of the wars and armed conflicts (McKenzie, Serafty & Crawford, 2003). With an average of 30,000 deaths per year, suicide is the ranked as the eighth leading cause of death in the United States, with the risk to white females being double that of all non-white minority groups combined (Mann, 2000). Among African Americans aged 25 to 44, suicide was considered the seventh leading cause of death in 2000 (Kaslow, Thompson, Meadows, Chance, Puett, Hollins, Jessee & Kellermann, 2000). In 2002, 1,939 African Americans committed suicide; of these only 306 were female, providing a male to female suicide ratio of 5.34:1 ("African American," 2004). Pryor (2006) states that in the United States, every 78 seconds at least one woman will make a suicide attempt, however only one woman will actually commit suicide every 90 minutes."
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Social Psychology, 2007.
This paper discuses social psychology theories and reported experiments.
2,345 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper begins by discussing the author's experiences at a party, where alcoholic beverages were served, when he was in highschool. The author relates his thoughts at that time about whether to consume the alcoholic beverages and examines them from a social psychology perspective. The author continues to discuss why he decided not to drink at the party and then points out that the primary goal of fear-arousing communications is persuasion, which may result in a change in attitude, intentions or actions. Additionally, the paper explains that impression management is the defensive, protective and preventive measures which individuals use to attempt to control the perception of themselves by other people in order to attain an overall favorable result or what is called "saving-face".
From the Paper
"The hypothesis in Festinger and Carlsmith's (1959) classic study explained one perspective on cognitive dissonance. It stated that the magnitude of cognitive dissonance in an individual is a ratio of his total dissonance (D) to the sum of his dissonance (D) and consonance (C), and that opinion change is most effective (i.e. overt behavior is exhibited) when the pressure applied was just enough to achieve that change while the magnitude of the resulting dissonance was kept to a minimum. In their experiment, this was made functionally operant by using reward (consonance) in measured amounts to alter the individuals' opinions."
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Universal Healthcare, 2007.
This paper explores the economics of the proposed single-payer healthcare system in the United States.
1,510 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the dramatically increasing cost of health care in the US that has led to the consideration of the single-payer healthcare system. The paper presents the case of two individuals; Sally, a "high-income, healthy" person and Sue, a "low-income, unhealthy" person and demonstrates their health care costs with and without a single-payer tax-funded system. The paper concludes that while in theory the individual relief to those who are not high-income earners can be dramatic, universal healthcare still may not be as ideal as the government makes it out to be.
From the Paper
"The economics of health care is a complex matter that has been debated by individuals, corporate America and government officials alike. People are outraged over the dramatically increasing cost of health care, upwardly spiraling health insurance premium rates and growing limitations on insurance coverage through higher deductibles and reduced coverage. In lieu of this situation and in view of single-payer healthcare systems offered in other nations such as Canada and Great Britain, the United States is considering a system that would increase taxes to those considered in a high-income bracket. Funding from taxes would then be utilized by the federal government to provide health care to all Americans without regard to consumers' ability to pay and/or whether or not they have ever paid taxes."
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End of Life Issues, 2007.
This paper discusses end of life issues for the family.
1,458 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses end of life issues for the family and notes that all nurses are certain to encounter these issues in some form. The writer points out that with a rapidly aging population, it is vital to provide culturally and gender-sensitive end-of-life interventions to enhance patient/family satisfaction and to efficiently allocate resources. The writer maintains that women experience end-of-life problems differently from men and minority cultures encounter very different issues from the white dominant culture. The writer looks at the Calgary Family Assessment Model (CFAM) that allows for a systematic method to complete a comprehensive family assessment as well as the choice of the most effective interventions to ensure family functioning. The writer discusses this topic with regards to communication, roles and influence.
From the Paper
"This dimension includes the family life cycle and the continuity and change related to a chronic illness. Culture and class interact with family development. Family life cycles such as death demand that that the family change and adapt. In terms of developmental assessment, any recent significant events in the family along with impending death need to be discussed. This assessment establishes the family's developmental stage, provides a perspective by which the current stressors can be explored to determine the probable impact on the family and on its future development."
"Within the functional dimension, expressive functioning includes verbal, nonverbal, and emotional communication, roles, influence, beliefs, and alliances or coalitions. Good communication is vital when a patient is dying; in this situation, communication is particularly important for the family members who are subject to extreme stress."
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Crack Cocaine and Homelessness, 2007.
This paper explores crack addiction, mental illness and homelessness in Toronto and the treatment options available.
3,342 words (approx. 13.4 pages), 19 sources, APA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
The paper describes the incidence of crack cocaine addiction and its relation to mental illness and homelessness. The paper researches the treatment approaches in central Canada and compares them to the more varied, successful treatments and therapies in the United Kingdom and Europe. The paper notes Canada's resigned attitude towards a form of addiction that is considered 'untreatable' or 'hopeless'. The paper reveals the need for Canada to actively encourage crack addicts to attempt recovery, to learn more about different approaches to treatment and finally, adapt them to the Toronto environment.
Outline:
Introduction
Not Just Addiction
A Second Intervention
Towards a Different Approach
Concluding Discussion
From the Paper
"An important dimension of the problem is the coincidence of crack addiction and mental illness. Crack addicts often present symptoms of the mood disorders and psychosis in addition to those of the personality disorders found in almost 25 per cent. (Falck Et Al: 2004:504) In homeless patients, it can be difficult to determine a primary problem of mental illness or addiction. Many vagrant schizophrenics, for example, become addicted to crack just as crack cocaine induces symptoms of paranoid psychosis in persons without histories of mental illness. Through it all, homelessness remains a key determinant of addicts' health. (Fischer Et Al: 2005:252) Awareness of crack cocaine addiction in homeless populations enhances insight into why many homeless persons remain as they are, failing to take up occasional opportunities for housing."
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Psychology: Client Needs, 2007.
This paper identifies specific client concepts within social work and psychology to shows why clients needs to be recognized as having personal needs.
947 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper demonstrates that associations between a client and a social worker or specialist require identification of the specific needs unique to the client. The paper describes concepts such as resistance and defense and transference and empathy, which can be changed according to the needs of the client. The paper shows how the client must be approached as an individual with personal problems and given aid according to the type and nature of these problems.
Outline:
Introduction
Resistance and Defense
Transference and Empathy
Interpretations
Working Through
Jung's Analytical Psychology
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The concept area of resistance and defense is used to explore how a client copes with stress, especially in scenarios in which conflict is found. Resistance and defense are sometimes defined as "coping strategies" as these are behaviors that the client manifests in order to create a desirable outcome, but this is a misleading term. Rather, resistance and defense are barricades enacted by the client to avoid facing issues or dealing with circumstances that cause some form of personal stress."
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Individualism in India, 2007.
An analysis of the rising influence of individualism in India.
1,056 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the concept of individualism within a society and how it differs between countries. Next, the paper examines the culture in India and focuses on describing the lack of individualism that appears to be in their culture. It then shows how there is, however, a rising culture of individualism in India through the influence of individual mobility and information access.
From the Paper
"Some ways that we could expect to see the rising influence of individualism in India are in individual mobility and information access. Access to information separate from the influence of the extended family network--such as through digital networks--undermines the authority of the group by placing unprecedented power to make informed decisions in the hands of the individual. The spread of information access and usage throughout India could well be indicative of a new trend toward individualist values. Similarly, personal mobility, both the freedom to do so as well as the willingness, will be affected by individualist values. Greater mobility means more freedom of movement and a greater need to take personal responsibility for personal and professional decision that cannot always include the social group or extended family. Information access and mobility represent two of the ways in which individualist values could be asserting themselves in India."
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Children's Television Advertisements, 2007.
This paper analyzes the influences of advertising in children's television shows.
828 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the television shows and advertising content on the Public Broadcasting System (PBS) channel when airing "Berenstein Bears", "Dragon Tales", "Bob the Builder" and "Angelina Ballerina". The paper presents two differing opinions in relation to television advertising and its influence on children. It also discusses the contention that all advertising can have an adverse affect on children, as well as the contention that, if parents take the time to explain advertising to their children, the child will learn to evaluate commercials effectively. The paper supports the second contention.
From the Paper
"On the Berenstein Bears the family discussed the needs of the mother bear to work outside of the home and the family's responsibility at helping out with chores while the mother worked. On Dragon Tales the show focuses on one of the Dragon's being afraid to accomplish a task without his good luck charm, which he believed gave him the power to succeed. Bob the Builder told the tale of Bob and his friends helping to stop a plumbing leak at the local school. Finally, on Angelina Ballerina the "mouselings" fought to save an old tree in the park."
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Religion and Culture, 2007.
This paper looks at beliefs regarding the structure of organized religion.
750 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the understanding that organized religion is mandatory in the lives of some individuals, while it is cast aside by others. The writer notes that within her own personal experience in relation to the larger social order, these practices are both acceptable, depending on the individual. The writer maintains that the acceptance of this belief is due to a background in which hypocrisy has been seen in religion, as events over the last several decades have demonstrated that organized religion is not always about God, but about wealth. The writer concludes that due to culture, gender or the structure of organized religion, the true basis of religion is consistently ignored and this creates issues in theology that are detrimental to the beauty of faith.
From the Paper
"This knowledge has affected how I envision a divine ministry because it forces me to question the truthfulness of those that represent the church. Additionally, these experiences have led me to believe that my personal connection to God is more devout that many ministers or supposed faithful. This is because when representatives of the church seek to gain prosperity from innocent believers who are struggling in this world, they are overlooking the real core of religion. Religion must be about a personal relationship with God, not about ensuring that the poor remain so throughout their lives in the name of God."
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Application of Nursing Models, 2007.
This paper discusses the application of nursing models presented by Sister Callista Roy, Madeleine Leininger and Betty Neuman.
2,160 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that as the demands on nurses and the nursing profession have increased over the last several decades, it became evident to many nursing professionals that the ideology related to nursing practice had to be changed. The writer notes that cultural, environmental and mind-body considerations were significantly important because these factors were known to impact patients and their health. However, the writer points out that as more information became available through practice, it was also apparent that each person had to be evaluated independently in order for health care professionals to have a clear idea of all issues that affected the patient's well being. The writer then discusses that Roy, Neuman and Leininger each developed approaches to nursing practice that were intended to provide a well established vision of the person, which could be used in preventative medicine, as well as in the event of illness. These theories lead nurses to be capable of treating the whole individual, while providing the quality care that nursing is intended to ensure.
Outline:
Introduction
Leininger and the Transcultural Nursing Model
Application of Lieninger's Sunrise Model
Environment and Population
Cultural Values
Religious and Philosophical Factors
Kinship and Social Factors
Political and Legal Factors
Economic Factors
Educational Factors
Health Care System
Roy Adaptation Model
Application of the Roy Adaptation Model
Scientific and Philosophical Elements
Self-Concept and Group Identity
Role Function
Environment
Health and Adaptation
Nursing
Neuman Systems Model
Application of the Neuman Systems Model
Basic Structure/Energy Resources
Stressors
Line of Resistance
Optimal System Stability
Prevention/Intervention and Nursing
From the Paper
"The transcultural model, therefore, is comprised of numerous factors that must be taken into consideration if the proper care is to be presented for each individual patient. The most significant of these factors is culture. According to Leininger, the culture that an individual belongs to affects every aspect of that individual's existence. The elements associated with a culture are taught to the person from the time of birth and consistently impact thought, religious beliefs, behaviors and how the person relates to the health care environment."
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Friday Night Lights, 2007.
This paper analyzes the book 'Friday Night Lights: A Town, a Team, and a Dream' by H.G. Bissinger.
750 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
The writer of this article discusses that in the book 'Friday Night Lights: A Town, a Team, and a Dream', H.G. Bissinger writes about the central role of high school football in the community life of Odessa, Texas. The writer notes that the author is attracted to the story when he learns that as many as 20,000 people attend the football games on Friday night, eager to root for a team called the Permian Panthers. The writer discusses that football holds a more important place in the lives of the people of this area than would be true for people elsewhere. The writer points out that the author analyzes not just the games and the crowds but the demographics and economics of the region, suggesting a link between the poor economic life of the region and the focus on a winning football team for community spirit and a relatively inexpensive and reliable source of entertainment.
From the Paper
"The elevation of athletes to a favored position in schools is nothing new and is common in high school and college alike, though Odessa may have exceeded the norm in this regard. The community's dedication to football has much less to do with the athletes themselves than with the need on the part of the rest of the community to have something that raises them above the unsettled nature of the region in which they live. Bissinger notes from the first how the area suffers from economic problems and intermittent violence. Life is described as hard in Odessa, and people find that football can be an escape. The way the people of Odessa respond to football is not unlike what is seen in other communities, Midland included, but as a rule, a community reacts to the local football team to the degree that members of the community are associated with the school because they have children in the school or because they themselves are alumni of the school. In Odessa, on the other hand, the high school football team appeals to people with no direct association with the school at all. The high school has been made the central feature of the community, at least during football season."
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