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Interventions Regarding the End of Life, 2008.
This paper discusses families' experiences in the withdrawal of life support in the intensive care unit.
1,552 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the decision to remove life-sustaining interventions in the intensive care unit (ICU) is a crucial event for persons responsible for end-of-life care decisions. Research into families' experiences with decisions to withdraw life sustaining interventions from a family member has indicated that the decisions made by the patient's immediate family can impact their perceptions and their psycho-social status. The writer discusses that appropriate educational and emotional support for families appears to improve their level of comfort regarding end-of-life decision-making and can facilitate the quality of the family's experience when dealing with difficult choices for a loved one. However, the literature in these areas demonstrates incongruity regarding how to best affect positive outlook among family members, and also the type of educational information needed and the methods required to deliver it. The writer therefore seeks to clarify which strategies are most effective in promoting a positive family experience when immediate family members make end-of-life decisions for a loved one receiving clinical health services.
Outline:
Introduction
Statement of the Problem and Purpose
Literature Review
Research Question
Hypotheses
Theoretical Framework
Hypothesis 1
Hypothesis 2
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Making decisions related to the withdrawal of life support in the ICU is one of the most demanding experiences the family will ever face. Nurses play a key role in the effectiveness of the decision making process and it is their understanding of the stages involved in that process which can determine the quality of the outcome. As McHale Wiegand maintains, as more families become involved in end-of-life decisions, it is essential that current research be assessed, the gaps in knowledge be identified, and that new directions for ongoing research should be established. Little is actually known about the interaction of nurses with families in this situation; what is certain is that the interaction is not uniform and that nurses need to realize what will be most effective with families who are experiencing high levels of stress."
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England's Industrial Revolution, 2008.
This paper explores the Industrial Revolution and its effects on English society.
1,791 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at the onset of what would become the Industrial Revolution and highlights the significance of the cotton-spinning jenny and the introduction of steam power. The paper explores the many ways in which the Industrial Revolution changed English society. The paper notes that aside from economic advantages, a number of social problems and economic weaknesses resulted from these changes.
From the Paper
"The Industrial Revolution in the eighteenth century developed most rapidly and fully in England. England and other nations of Europe were changed greatly by the possibilities inherent in a developing industrial base and in the changes taking place in agriculture at the same time. Industrial expansion funded political and territorial expansion through imperialist efforts creating colonies in different parts of the world, and this process help disseminate many Western ideas to regions that had been very differently governed before this time. Technological innovation was difficult in many of the states where it occurred."
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Social Work in Healthcare Nonprofit Organizations, 2008.
This paper explores social work in healthcare nonprofit organizations via an interview with a social worker.
1,522 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the interview the author had with a social worker who is directly employed by the Leukemia and Lymphoma Society of Central Florida. The paper draws general conclusions about the practicing social worker in a healthcare setting.
Outline:
Introduction
Susan, the Social Worker at the L&LS
Knowledge Level for Work
Required Learning on the Job
Interacting with Stakeholders in L&L Social Work
Frustrations with the Job
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Susan W. is 25 years old. She comes from a family in which her mother and sister were both nurses, and her father a hospital administrator. Her long-term interest in healthcare is combined with her wish to help people with difficult diseases on a psychosocial level. The author interviewed Susan W. to discover her motivations in joining this profession, and what she has found after a year of fieldwork.
"Susan works for the Central Florida Leukemia and Lymphoma Society, an NGO which is funded through charitable donations, and through contracts to local hospitals. Her salary is paid under contract by the Orange County Medical Center, the dominant healthcare system in the greater Orlando area. Her primary responsibility is to help patients with leukemia and lymphoma, and their families."
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Monitoring the Programs Children Watch on Television, 2008.
A look at the effects that watching violence on television can have on children.
1,401 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how children are affected by watching violence on television and suggests that a study be carried out to define whether the responsibility rests with the media, Federal Communication Commission (FCC), or the parents. The paper includes results from various research studies as well as different arguments put forward claiming the educational value of television.
From the Paper
"Research points the fact that observing violence on television can be related to them becoming aggressive or violent as a child and/or as an adult. The American Medical Association, the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American Psychological Association, and the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry has made a statement that they firmly believe that children who watch violence can become violent (Arvidson 494). Some people though believe that the violence children see on television is not enough to make children realize that they are watching fantasy and not reality. The violence they see in these shows do not show the heart break of the families nor does it show the fact that people who are murdered are dead. Mike Oppenheim argues that the violence on television is not enough because it is more fantasy than the horrors that happen in real life and it fails to teach children that violence is wrong (14). While this may be true in many ways, the fact is that children watching the violence often cannot determine the difference from fantasy and reality. "Characters get shot with double-barreled shotguns and they get back up. It sets in a humorous context with a laugh track, and communicates to preschoolers that violence is funny and it's OK to do" (Hurst 8). Children are shown violence in television shows, movies and even cartoons. The fact is that almost ten percent of violence can be related to television violence (Hurst 8). Whether it is television shows, cartoons, movies, or video games, children are influenced by what they see. The question is whether the media, FCC, or parents that should be blamed."
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Terling's Article on Private Schools: A Reaction Paper, 2008.
A summary and reaction to the article "Private Schools are not Emotional Havens for Teens", by Toni Terling.
1,010 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper summarizes the article by Toni Terling, "Private Schools are not Emotional Havens for Teens", which states that while private schools do show a higher level of achievement, for example, they also show increased risk of suicide and weapon use, among other negative outcomes. The author then goes on to discuss his personal reaction to the article's finding and how it relates to his experiences in the American school systems.
Outline:
Article Summary
Response to Article
How This Relates to My Own Personal Experiences
Insights the Article Adds to My Experience
Works Cited
From the Paper
"Alternatively, the many friends I had that attended private school had an overwhelmingly more positive experience than I encountered in public school. If a student became depressed or violent in their private school, the issue was noticed immediately due to the small setting and was taken care of swiftly. Of course, cliques, being a product of human nature, existed on a smaller scale in my friends' schools, however, these cliques were less cohesive. This appears to be because the small setting gave everyone the feeling of belonging to the same big group, which allowed them to avoid splintering into smaller ones as is common in the larger public school environment."
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The Effects of Violence on Children, 2008.
An investigation into whether violence on TV affects children.
939 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper examines whether or not television violence affects children, putting forward different arguments from different sources and presenting the results of research carried out in recent years.
From the Paper
"The statement that violence on television causes violence in children is a political statement and not necessary the right way to describe the problem. While the American Medical Association, the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, the American Psychological Association, and the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry produced a statement linking television shows as a link to violence and aggressive behavior; the author does not agree with this statement and believes it is a political statement (Arvidson, 12). Arvidson believes the issue of media and violence in children is more complicated than simply saying that the media causes violence in children. "... because not all children are exposed to media violence will act aggressively" (Hurst, 8). The fact is that just watching television or news does not necessary cause a person to go out and commit violence. In fact, thousands of viewers can watch the same television show and only one or two may express violence after the show. Some of the problems with the argument that media causes children to be violent is that it does not distinguish between different age groups or the time length in which the person saw the movie, news, or etc. (Arvidson, 14). However, this point of view about not children watching violence will become aggressive is true. One of the problems with violence and the media is that children often do not understand the difference between fantasy and reality."
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Andrew Lam: Article Review, 2008.
The author criticizes Andrew Lam's article, "Too Much Self-Esteem Can Be Bad for Your Child" by making the argument that Lam fails to make a strong case by generalizing and using limited source data.
822 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper critiques Andrew Lam's article, "Too Much Self-Esteem Can Be Bad for Your Child", which presents one aspect of contemporary culture and American education, and uses a personal story drawn from the very trendy YouTube phenomenon. The author of the paper argues that while there is some substance to the argument against placing self-esteem above real achievements, Lam's article as written uses very limited source data and uses this data to make a hasty generalization without dealing with any opposing or alternative data that might present a contrary case.
From the Paper
"Following the two studies, Lam devotes the remainder of his article to an elucidation of his subjective opinions about the success of Asian students in American colleges, and about their recent dominance on certain campuses in the University of California system. While his opinions may be worthy of exploration and discussion, they do not logically arise from the limited data he has brought forth up till now. He appears to be biased in favor of "Asian" students, although he simultaneously seems to be reinforcing positive stereotypes about them, as well as over-generalizing by failing either to distinguish between different Asian nationalities and cultures (of which there are many) or between different non-Asian nationalities and cultures. Also left unanswered is why so many successful, intelligent Asian students are leaving their home nations to study in the United States, when one must presume that their own nations' universities must be at least on a par with those in the West, if not superior."
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Socialization at Coca-Cola, 2008.
This paper looks at organizational behavior and discusses the matter of socialization at Coca-Cola.
854 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
In this paper, the writer discusses that Coca-Cola has long been a powerful symbol of American corporate success and yet, that proud legacy is now under attack as the company finds itself faced with sagging fortunes. This paper suggests that Coke's socialization practices are lacking insofar as they do not have appropriate employee programs and evaluation processes in place; consequently, new or veteran workers are left with the impression that the organization is reneging on its relational commitments under the psychological contract. In the end, the writer maintains that Coca-Cola must pursue socialization practices that stress the value of employee excellence (this includes stringent accountability measures) and it must find new ways of relating to workers that it does, indeed, value relational as opposed to merely transactional contacts between the company and its workers.
Outline:
Introduction
Socialization Practices of Coca-Cola
Detecting the culture of Coca-Cola
Socialization Tactics: Institutionalized Approach but Missing Methods for Socialization
Psychological Contract between the Organization and its Workers: The Missing Relational Element
From the Paper
"The culture of the company is thus one that is wedded to its own past and informed by its own self-image as an embodiment of American enterprising excellence.
"Further, the company is not beyond drawing faith from its successes in the past after previous reversals. For instance, although Coke appears to be going through somewhat of a fallow period at the moment, close observers are quick to point out that Coke has rebounded from adversity in the past. Although it is not clear how much Coke reminds workers of how the organization has come back from the brink in the past, the corporate culture is certainly one predicated upon showing an organizational history of success and fortitude."
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Human Rights as an Internal Affair, 2008.
This paper argues that human rights are not an internal state affair and rejects that attempting to impose universal human rights is simply Western cultural imperialism.
1,260 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This essay argues that there are such things as universal human rights, and that when one state violates these, other states have a legitimate reason to raise appeal. The essay states that this can give rise to a tension between state autonomy and universal rights, however, it argues that this possibility must be endured, for the alternative is to allow people to be abused. Moreover, the paper asserts that there are practical steps that could be taken to encourage sovereign states to acknowledge universal human rights.
From the Paper
"The only difference between those who argued against suffrage in the West or against same-sex marriage in Canada, and those who today argue in favour of genital mutilation in Nigeria, is that the Western defenders of sexism and heterosexism claimed to speak for all of humanity, and for God, while the minorities claim only to speak for themselves, and sometimes for their own God - and of course, for "their women." The principle is the same - invoking culture, God, nature or tradition to justify oppression of women or other minorities, and in this way attempting to maintain the status quo. That argument was overcome in England and in Canada, and it should be overcome in non-Western nations too. Moreover, it is argued that if this poses some slight risk to the autonomy of some individual nations, then so be it. National autonomy should not extend to the point of giving ruling groups the right of torture, murder, mutilation or any other kind of violent abuse against individual human beings - not even if they are women or children!"
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Childhood in "Girl with a Pearl Earring"., 2008.
An overview of the novel "Girl with a Pearl Earring" by Tracy Chevalier.
1,243 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper provides an account of the book "Girl with a Pearl Earring" by Tracy Chevalier, describing some of the experiences of children in this novel and explaining the factors that influenced their treatment. The author then continues to compare the experiences of these children to today's childhood. In addition, based on the evidence, she draws a conclusion about the value of studying the past and comparing it to the present.
From the Paper
"This novel presents an interesting comparison between the lives of children in wealthy homes and in poor homes in seventeenth century Delft. Griet at 16 is young enough to remember her happier childhood with her brother and her sister. However, Griet is also old enough when her father loses his eyes to a kiln accident to realize that her chance for a better future rests on her making a good marriage. Those chances are seriously reduced when she has to go clean house to help help her family. Griet living elsewhere will reduce the reduce the strain on her family's ability to support itself, but the eight stuivers that she makes each day will also provide financial assistance (Chevalier 6-8). Griet is not the only child who is working in the family, however. Her brother, Frans, is also employed as an apprentice at the age of thirteen. Clearly the apprenticeship was not a result of the accident, given that their father had "saved hard to pay the apprentice fee" and had planned to set up a tile factory with his son (Chevalier 10)."
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Infanticide: Overview and Analysis, 2008.
The author of this paper discusses both the social consequences of infanticide in traditional third world countries and the social acceptability of neonatal euthanasia in Western cultures.
1,780 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the social consequences that will result in traditional third world countries from gender imbalance due to a bias in male children, sex-selective abortion and female infanticide. Furthermore, the paper discusses the modern Western issue of the killing of infants who suffer from incurable illnesses. Specifically, the paper assesses the social acceptability of some nations in Western Europe that have in recent years attempted to enact legal protocols for neonatal euthanasia, by which the most severely ill infants may legally be killed following consultation between physicians, parents, and authorities.
From the Paper
"In contrast to the problem of mass, sex-selective infanticide in traditional cultures, in the West the issue of the killing of infants who suffer from incurable illnesses has recently arisen. It is important to clearly distinguish such euthanasia from infanticide proper, although opponents of such euthanasia are likely to argue that the distinction is not valid ("Outrage," 2004). In fact, euthanasia of both the elderly, the incurably ill, and infants (especially newborns) with incurable illnesses has taken place as long in Western nations as it has in other cultures, but only in recent years has it become a matter of controversy. One example of the controversy coming into a public debate is in the Netherlands, where in 2002, medical doctors from the University of Groningen working in cooperation with state prosecutors worked out what has come to be known as the Groningen Protocol, a set of guidelines for physicians treating severely ill infants who may not be capable of survival. According to these laws, physicians, in consultation with the infant's parents, social workers, and prosecutors, have the prerogative of making a decision concerning euthanasia in select and clearly limited situations. Of approximately 200,000 children born in the Netherlands annual, it is estimated that 600 of the most severely ill may be subject to physician-assisted euthanasia (Verhagen & Sauer, 2005). Whether this new attitude toward neonatal euthanasia will prevail and become more widely accepted remains to be seen."
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African-American Women and Drug Trafficking, 2008.
This paper explores the relationship between African-American women and the selling of drugs.
1,180 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the observation that young African-American women have a higher proclivity to sell drugs than other races such as their young Caucasian counterparts. The paper examines studies that shows this relationship between at risk behaviors and young African-American women. The paper also looks at research that explores how early adolescence affects African-American women later in adulthood insofar as drug-related problems are concerned. The paper discusses a proposed study that will determine the degree to which poverty and economic related circumstances contribute to drug trafficking in a specific urban center among the young African-American female population.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
II. Literature Review
III. Methodology
From the Paper
"This research project is designed to identify the primary factors related to the high incidence rate of young African American women who commonly sell drugs or engage in drug trafficking activity in the nation's urban centers. The working hypothesis states that poverty and related economic factors directly impact the study populations' proclivity to engage in drug trafficking as an economic alternative. While this might seem criminally obvious, there are social and cultural implications related to the study outcomes which the criminal justice system must learn to accommodate for such as devising adequate drug treatment programs for repeat offenders that better assess and target the contributing behaviors (Laudet, Cleland, Magura, Vogel & Knight, 2004). "
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Job Growth in Uncommon Professions, 2008.
This paper discusses job growth in uncommon professions and takes a look into professions in the 21st century.
2,100 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that there has been a significant shift in the rise of needed professions in the 21st century, from those that have been traditionally required by society to those that are now essential for the future. The writer notes that because of the increased demand on the medical profession by baby boomers, the health care industry is calling for added medical assistants. Furthermore, the writer points out that Network Systems Data Communication Analysts have grown in importance because of their ability to provide computer system and network security at a time when national security is a primary focus in the United States. There is also an increasing demand for, as they focus on the environmental concerns in relation to water that will sustain life on the surface of the earth. The writer concludes that these professions, although not commonly considered in society, will play an important role in meeting social, scientific and security needs well into this century.
From the Paper
"Yet, this increase in need has been supported by the fact that by 2010 there will exist the largest elderly population that the United States has ever known through the baby boomer generation. Over 71 million Americans will be age 65 or over and this population will tax the health care industry as never before.
"To accommodate this need the nursing profession is one that is becoming more specialized and that offers professional nurses an opportunity to manage patient cases, write prescriptions and supervise a health care team. This new nursing scope also addresses the decreased number of physicians in the nation, allowing nurses to be the primary medial authority in a patient's life. However, Medical Assistants have not had this type of focus, nor has their function within the health care community been defined as well for the public as other well understood professions."
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Social Work: A Reflection Paper, 2008.
A review of an online article about social work and the repercussions of a professional who failed to provide an adequate response.
1,169 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 1 source, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews an article found online at politics.co.uk that discusses the admonition given to a social care worker in Great Britain who failed to respond properly to an emergency health issue. The paper also looks at the ethical and professional issues that social workers must deal with when "on the job". It concludes by reiterating the importance of social workers and why precisely such tough sanctions must be in place.
From the Paper
"To begin with, the particulars of the aforementioned article need to be outlined. To wit, the article revolves around a meeting of the Conduct Committee of the General Social Care Council (GSCC) of the United Kingdom that decided the fate of a social worker from Newcastle-upon-Tyne who allegedly breached the code of practice for social care workers. The individual in question acknowledged that she failed to respond to an emergency situation in which a service user required immediate assistance. Compounding the situation, the social worker also acknowledged that she had failed to inform emergency services of the service user's mental health history; to this unhappy omission it must also be added that the social worker, one Ms. Baxter, also did not inform her employer of what had transpired. The Conduct Committee took into account Ms. Baxter's admissions of impropriety and pointed out that the professional standing before them had freely taken responsibility for her shortcomings. Ultimately, after some deliberation, it was decided that an admonishment should be placed on Ms. Baxter's entry to the professional register for three years. At the same time, Ms. Baxter, like all registrants, was given the right to appeal her sentence to the independent Care Standards Tribunal. Before drawing this brief summary to a close, it is worth mentioning that the article concludes by briefly quoting the comments of GSCC chair, Rodney Brooke, on the matter as well as devoting a few sentences to describing the GSCC Conduct Committee in broad terms ("GSCC: Social worker admonished following conduct hearing in London," para.1-11). Suffice it to say, the article is crisply-written and unadorned in its delineation of the circumstances surrounding the case."
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Uninsured Families in America, 2008.
This paper discusses the gaps in health insurance coverage in the United States, particularly affecting low socioeconomic status families and individuals.
2,220 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 13 sources, APA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the gaps in health insurance coverage for families as a significant health care problem in America. The author goes on to assess that these problems are experienced mostly by impoverished immigrants and minorities in the form of dissatisfaction with services, barriers in enrolling themselves or their children due to legal or political "fallout" from adapted U.S. foreign policy or incompatible cultural health beliefs. Furthermore, the paper shows that these issues present themselves in worsened health and increased risk for the uninsured. Lastly, the paper states that culturally sensitive initiatives must be established.
Outline:
Population Description
Significance of the Problem
Related Health and Social Problems
Evaluation of Current Strategies
Ethical Implications of Current Strategies
Proposed Community and Public Health Nursing Interventions
From the Paper
"Flores, Abreu and Tomany-Korman (2006) identified risk factors that made a child more likely to be uninsured in interviews conducted among 1,100 parents, of which 900 were of Latino ethnicity. The probable factors studied included having older children with a mean age of 9 years, being poor (income < $20,000 per annum), possessing a limited English proficiency, being non-U.S. citizens and if both parents were employed. It is of significant note that ethnicity was not a factor (OR 0.94; 95% CI 0.49-1.81) with regard to child's age (1.11; 1.07-1.15), documented (1.96; 1.09-3.53) or undocumented (6.06; 3.22-11.4) immigrant status, two working parents (2.08; 1.01-4.29) and income $15,000-19,999 per annum (1.84; 1.13-3.00) (Flores, Abreu & Tomany-Korman, 2006). Nonetheless, apart from income, immigration status and plan ineligibility and the availability of state-funded health insurance, cultural aspects regarding health beliefs need to be factored in, especially with regard to delayed or not seeking medical treatment in times of need and the absence of a regular primary care physician (Greenwald, O'Keefe & DiCamillo, 2005; Flores, Abreu & Tomany-Korman, 2006; Shone, Dick, Brach, Kimminau, LaClair, Shenkman et al, 2006)."
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