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Self-Care Management, 2008.
This paper examines the theory of self-care management for vulnerable populations, particularly for those afflicted with sickle cell disease.
2,199 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at the self-care management theory that seeks to mitigate the circumstances of the vulnerable population through a positive approach to the symptoms of the disorder. The paper focuses on sickle cell disease and explores the five intra-personal factors that can empower the less privileged of society with the personal tools to combat their afflictions. The paper compares the practical application of the theory to similar theories. The paper contends that the research is as sound as it is extensive, but in the practical application of the theory there may be fatal errors.
Outline:
Abstract
Theory Description
Theory Critique
From the Paper
"This theory proposes methods and strategies to increase health and quality of life for members of vulnerable populations afflicted with Sickle Cell Disease. The vulnerable population is defined as members of social groups that experience a functionally lower level of health care due to lack of resources. (Dorsey & Murdaugh p. 43) Membership in this disadvantaged social group is typically predicated by being a person of color, living in poverty, those marginalized due to sexual preference, immigrant status or religion. Additionally non-English speaking individuals, people with AIDS, and homeless families are general members of this social group. (Dorsey & Murdaugh p. 43)"
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Aids As a Man-Made Virus, 2008.
This paper looks at Aids and examines the possibility of its existence as a man-made virus.
1,539 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that in the 1980s it became apparent that AIDS was present throughout the social order and that a disease that had the potential of destroying mankind had finally emerged. AIDS was initially thought to be the result of homosexual encounters, drug addiction or connected to different social cultures in some manner. The writer points out that by 1983 a vast number of theories began to be published that suggested that AIDS was a man-made virus that was intended to control both the world's population and the population of specific cultural groups. However, as time progressed it became evident that AIDS was also emerging in the heterosexual population, providing evidence that AIDS was non-discriminatory with regard to race or sexual orientation. The writer concludes that regardless of the social groups that were targeted or the people that were ultimately affected by the virus, the fact remains that there are those within the social order that have too much power over their fellow human beings and that their insistence of controlling mankind may lead to the complete destruction of all people.
From the Paper
"The theories cite different methods of creating the virus, as well as varying means of ensuring that it was spread throughout the population. What is evident, however, is that the timeline in each of the theories for the development and dispersement of the virus remains the same and that there is nothing related to the composition of the AIDS virus that could have been created by anything other than man. Therefore, regardless of the choice of man made AIDS theories that are accepted by individuals within society, it is apparent that the evidence overwhelmingly demonstrates that people within the social order had a hand in the existence of the most frightening disease known to man - AIDS.
"Douglass contends that the evidence that AIDS is a man made virus is overwhelming. Douglass cites a memorandum from the World health Organization (WHO) in which WHO officials called on scientists to discover if there could be a man made virus that would have the same effect on the human race that species specific virus' had on some animals."
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Social Class Culture, 2008.
This paper discusses that different products are purchased according to social class.
1,344 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that cultural products produced and consumed today do have connections to a particular social class. The writer maintains that the concept of class in relation to culture is meaningful today. The writer discusses that social class matters not only in fashion, but also with regards to the food industry. The writer concludes that social class and cultural consumption and production are perhaps not so much a reality as something to strive for that determines who we are.
Outline:
Consumption
Production
From the Paper
"Consumption: Who shops in second hand thrift stores? What do people look for there? A Ralph Lauren top, a dress or jacket by Anna Klein, a John's NY skirt; why? Because these are brand names for the middle class consumer. The lower middle class buyer may desire these items also, but needs to limit his or her consumption to sale days or half-price specials. Thrift shops are frequented by another definite class of low income shopper who is happy with an inexpensive find in good condition, be it an outfit, a gently used toy, dishes without visible chips or cracks, CD's for teens in the family; the list is endless, and so are the possibilities for those who can afford to spend a few dollars."
"Household products by Martha Stewart may be top of the line and dream bargains for a middle class person, be it a newly arrived set of dishes, most recent design line of bed linen or the latest cook book. The lower middle class consumer will watch for sale events on these items that were produced with a certain class of consumer in mind."
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Henry and Ginzberg's "Racial Discrimination in Employment", 2007.
This paper reviews the methodology of a research project by Frances Henry and Effie Ginzberg entitled "Racial Discrimination in Employment", which asserts that at least in the 1990s, racism was a staple of the Toronto job market.
1,750 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Frances Henry and Effie Ginzberg's research revealed the apparent bias of the authors as well as their willingness to predicate their research based on their questionable methodology that was only "quasi-experimental" in nature. The author points out his or her critical concern about Henry and Ginzberg's definition of discrimination and whether or not they are being unjustly harsh in their assessment of many common employment practices. The paper relates that, nonetheless, there are strengths in the article such as having black testers and white testers apply for the same position and go to the same place to be interviewed, which makes possible a very good comparative analysis. The authors stresses that these in-person interviews rely upon anecdotal evidence collected at the site by the tester and not upon any independent statistical analysis.
From the Paper
"The problem with having professional actors is that they are obviously not playing themselves; suffice it to say, a case can be made that the in-person testing process was not as authentic as it should have been because thespians were trying to be someone else - as opposed to having ordinary people play themselves in the job interview process without affectation. The biggest problem I see in the decision of Henry and Ginzberg to use professional performers is that professional actors in such a circumstance could "ape" certain mannerisms or employ stereotypical behavior that might in some way distort the outcome of the interview."
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Swift, Blake and Social Hegemony, 2008.
This paper discusses challenges to social hegemony in the works "A Modest Proposal" by Jonathan Swift and "London" by William Blake.
1,381 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer maintains that the argument that the "purpose of good literature" is not - as Sir Philip Sidney argued - "to teach, to delight" and "move to virtuous action" but to challenge social hegemony by destabilizing its core values is a controversial one. This essay argues the thesis, with reference to Jonathan Swift's "A Modest Proposal" and William Blake's "London", that while literary works are not simply political statement or social criticism, good literary works nonetheless engage with their cultural context in a critical and complex way. As is seen, while both Swift's and Blake's works have clear political and social dimensions, it is their literary qualities that give them their potency as powerful social critiques.
From the Paper
"This being said, it may be argued that this view of literature is simplistic and limited in many respects. Literary works are not created in a vacuum but instead, capture their audiences by their engagement with the social contexts in which they are created. However, unlike political tracts or social critiques which are rarely remembered beyond the immediate circumstances in which they were created, good literature resonates beyond its immediate context - even when it has a clear political or social purpose - due to the power of its writing. This power allows these works to transcend the particulars of the social order they criticize or destabilize, and reflect something of the universal in humanity's social constructions."
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Immigrant Health Care, 2008.
This paper discusses the transitions of care in Canada for older hospitalized immigrant women with chronic pain.
1,851 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer maintains that any hospitalized women can expect to encounter inequality in the health care system. The writer declares that for aging immigrant women, the situation is greatly aggravated because of race, ethnicity, and educational background as well as other factors such as sexism and ageism. Immigrant women not only receive unequal treatment in the healthcare system but very often are invisible to that system. The writer points out that the Canadian government seems to be taking the desired approach but the situation for immigrant women is becoming worse. The writer maintains that instead of resolving the problem, the health care system is basically ignoring the issue because of its own issues with restructuring. It seems that the solution will only come through a firm policy which makes diversity and gender a priority.
Outline:
Introduction
Rationale for Choice of Topic
Literature Review
Determinants of health
Gender Roles, Social Status, and Health
Coping
Research Question
My Approach and Goals
From the Paper
"An institution which ensures that women's rights are protected is the Women's Health Bureau which uses a gender lens to study government policy and health disparities. The mandate of the Women's Health Bureau's mandate is to make certain that the Canadian health care system responds to the needs of women (Spitzer, 2006, p. 2). The Women's Health Bureau also assists policymakers and programme planners to undertake gender-based analysis of their work. In addition, there is the Women's Network which works with the government along with other groups."
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Sun Rising on Self Reflection, 2008.
This paper discusses the character Jake Barnes and projection as self-reflection in 'The Sun Also Rises' by Ernest Hemingway.
1,300 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that in fiction, characterization and point of view are often closely interrelated, as the nature of perspective influences how characters are understood and depicted. The writer then points out that in Ernest Hemingway's 'The Sun Also Rises' one can see the complexity of this interrelationship in how Hemingway uses the first person perspective of his protagonist - Jake Barnes - to not only narrate the action of the novel and describe the other characters but also, in the process, to describe himself as a reflection of his characterization of others. The writer concludes that the use of Jake Barnes as not only the novel's protagonist but also its first person narrator allows readers to "see" how Jake "sees" the other characters and actions in the novel. The writer maintains that Jake's view of the other characters - Cohn, Bill, and Brett in particular - mirrors qualities in himself, both good and bad.
From the Paper
"In this analysis, Jake's perception of all of the other characters in the narrative can be seen to mirror aspects of himself. In Brett her aimlessness and destructive romantic affairs serve to reflect the inner emotional desolation of Jake. Jake's depiction of Cohn reveals how he reflects Jake's lost innocence, and Jake's view of Bill reflects his superficial detachment and avoidance of real engagement with his life and emotions. Indeed, it is extraordinary how much of Jake's description of the world around him reflects qualities in himself. Even in the description of the bullfights in Spain, where Jake describes how steers - castrated bulls - are damaged in trying to make friends with the rampaging, virile bulls, we can see reflected some of the qualities of Jake. While numerous men circle about Brett to possess her sexually, the one person they all seem to like is Jake; perhaps because Jake is, like a steer, no threat to them."
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T. R.Berger's "Northern Frontier, Northern Homeland", 2007.
This paper applies the critical-emancipatory paradigm and the constructivist-interpretive paradigm to T. R.Berger's 1988 book "Northern Frontier, Northern Homeland: The Report of the Mackenzie Valley Pipeline Inquiry".
1,615 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the critical paradigm recognizes that reality is the product of history and analyzes it accordingly through social, political, cultural, economic, ethnic and gender values developed over time. The author states that, when applying the critical-emancipatory approach to T. R. Berger's "Northern Frontier, Northern Homeland", the observer understands that the whole issue surrounding the Mackenzie Valley Pipeline Inquiry involves a strong reaction to historical reality issues especially the importance of the First Nation people and the environmental supporters in deciding against the pipeline project. The paper relates that the constructivist-interpretive paradigm assumes that to understand the world and its meaning, one must interpret it. The author underscores that the constructivist-interpretive paradigm can be applied to Berger's work in that his assessment of the Mackenzie Valley pipeline is heavily subjective and based upon interpretation of multiple realities.
Table of Contents
The Strengths and Weakness of the Critical Paradigm
Application of the Critical-Emancipatory Approach to "Northern Frontier, Northern Homeland"
The Strength and Weakness of the Constructivist-Interpretive Paradigm
Application of the Critical Constructivist- Interpretive Paradigm to "Northern Frontier, Northern Homeland"
From the Paper
"It is easy to analyze the Northern Frontier, Northern Homeland document in terms of the critical-emancipatory approach. Indeed, the whole issue surrounding the Mackenzie Valley Pipeline Inquiry involves a strong reaction of social, political, cultural, economic and ethnic issues derived from processes over history. The writer, Berger, has assessed the contentious issue of the pipeline development firstly in terms of economic issues: that is, that it will be good for the Canadian economy, particularly the northern Canadians who will be brought now into the "mainstream of the Canadian economy" (Berger, 1988, p. 3). Ultimately, however, Berger has acknowledged the role of ethnicity in appraising the pipeline project and assessing its worth. His final position assumes the First Nation Canadians are correct; environmentally-speaking, the project should not go on). The role of acknowledging the importance of the First Nation people and the environment in deciding against the pipeline project display evidence of cultural, social, political and ethnic values in evaluating the situation.
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Recidivism and Corrections, 2008.
This paper discusses recidivism and the correction system in the United States.
1,167 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer reviews the high recidivism rates in the United States and looks at what this says about the nations' correctional system. Specifically, the paper argues that the emphasis has too often been upon punishment and not nearly enough upon rehabilitation and re-integration. As a result, the writer maintains that a distressingly low number of inmates are receiving the therapeutic intervention they need and many more are not receiving the skills development they need, either. This must change if recidivism is to drop appreciably.
From the Paper
"Recidivism among those exiting the United States correctional system is a serious problem for a host of reasons. For one thing, if the state has devoted billions of dollars towards cutting down crime rates by incarcerating dangerous offenders only to have those same individuals re-offend upon release, then the monies set towards housing them in institutions has been, for all intents and purposes, wasted. Furthermore, high recidivism rates (especially among violent offenders) means greater risk for the general public and that means fear, general misunderstanding, and an overwhelmingly negative public perception of the correctional system in the United States. Unfortunately, public fears about the relative inefficacy of the correctional system appear to be well-founded in America."
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Diversity and Teaching, 2008.
An analysis of the impact of diversity on teaching in Australia.
1,997 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper looks the impact of diversity on teaching in Australia through an analysis of the background, experiences, and perspectives of two families. One family is indigenous and lives in Sydney, while the other family is of English descent and lives in Melbourne. It attempts to demonstrate that the educational system in Australia has not been meeting the needs of all Australian children and how schools are still influenced far too much by Northern European cultural and social values. It also looks at how the consequences of this prevailing influence have been detrimental to minority students, and to the educational system in general. The paper concludes that reforms are needed and must be implemented.
From the Paper
"Consequently, one of the main concerns of Kenneth and Isobel Bropho is that Indigenous students tend to have higher school dropout rates and enter the workforce with a lower standard of education than non-indigenous students. As DTE (2005) notes, they are also twice as likely to encounter health problems and less like to have access
to adequate healthcare services, primarily because of lower incomes due to lower educational levels. Kenneth and Isobel Bropho understand that their son faces far more challenges because of his Aboriginal heritage and are determined to ensure that he completes his education so he will be able to get a good job when he graduates."
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Neoliberalism in Education Reform, 2008.
This paper discusses how the welfare state's benefits for its citizens are being undermined by neoliberal thought and policies.
791 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at Alan Sears' contention that the neoliberal agenda reconfigures social services to reflect its own needs of aggrandizing wealth and profits. The paper focuses on educational reform as a means by which the neoliberal ideology eliminates the social programs it considers "waste". The paper draws on journal articles to highlight how citizens' benefits of the welfare state are being eroded down to a pay your own "fare" state.
From the Paper
"At first glance it doesn't seem that the new global economy would have such a harmful effect on education. On the contrary, it would seem that more opportunities for employment would be opening up in an age of fast travel and business expansion, and what better means to prepare for it than progressive educational reform? The real question, however, is employment for whom? And the operative word is "recomposition". "Lean production" began to recompose society when wealth changed from the possession of land to that of capital. Just as the Industrial Revolution removed the farmer producers from the sources of production into the cities, so too a century later did their descendants become assembly line workers for unit production."
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The Invisible Working Poor, 2008.
This paper examines "The Working Poor: Invisible in America" by David Shipler.
824 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how in "The Working Poor: Invisible in America" David Shipler presents a ground level perspective of the daily lives of the millions of Americans classified as working poor. The paper looks at Shipler's portrayal of these 'invisible' citizens who never manage to improve their standards of living. The paper looks at how the book addresses the issues that keep the working poor in this cycle and how political intervention and corporate flexibility are the only means of detaining the cycle of poverty.
From the Paper
"In The Working Poor: Invisible in America, David Shipler presents provides a ground level perspective of the daily lives of the 35 million Americans who are classified as "the working poor'. The working poor are defined by their low-wage jobs, and must face the impeccable hurdles of poverty and social discrepancies. Job opportunities provide very little upward mobility and usually no health care benefits. Shipler classifies these Americans as 'invisible' as they constitute the workers the average citizen sees everyday in fast-food restaurants, inventory and box stockers and low-wage manual labor such as janitors."
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Coat of Arms for Nursing, 2008.
This paper discusses that a coat of arms is an ideal way of representing the key qualities of nursing.
1,461 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes than when attempting to characterize nursing, one immediately considers the quality of caring, and rightly so. Caring is the core or heart of nursing, and is also regarded as a moral ideal. The writer points out that nursing can be viewed as heroism and the ultimate in humanitarian ideals when we think of Florence Nightingale and the origins of the nursing profession. Nurses tend to be passionate about their beliefs which allow them to be deeply committed to their patients and profession. Nurses also believe in continuous learning and in keeping informed of new research that is developing. In this paper, the writer identifies the most significant characteristics of nursing and then isolates the key qualities that can be represented by a coat of arms for the nursing profession.
From the Paper
"The main quality that marks nursing from other professions is caring and compassion. All candidates who aspire to nursing must have a concern for other human beings and their well-being. Not only is nursing aware of the need for caring, but the public also identifies nursing with this quality. However, caring is not just emotion but is structured because it is based on theory and is scientific and disciplined. Nurses are highly trained and must be competent to do their work. Caring is actually quite a complex matter and a great deal of theory has been devoted to the concept."
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Colliding Cultures, 2008.
This paper looks at the concept of colliding cultures in 'Master Harold... and the Boys' by David Hoegberg, 'Dream on Monkey Mountain' by Derek Walcott and 'No Sugar' by Jack Davis.
4,126 words (approx. 16.5 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 110.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that the concept of colliding cultures, as illustrated in 'Master Harold... and the Boys', 'Dream on Monkey Mountain', and 'No Sugar' contains both negative and positive implications. The writer notes that all three plays demonstrate that when cultures collide, the inevitable result is domination and oppression, which originate in racism because competing ideologies also are at work. The writer maintains, however, that the plays also are based on an alternate meaning of colliding cultures which involves illumination of one culture by another, as well as exposure of the value and dignity of the oppressed by comparison with the lack of humanity by the other. The phenomenon of changing identity as one of the main outcomes of colliding cultures is an important theme in all three plays, and this is explored along with strategies to indicate altered identity such as shifting forms of language.
Outline:
Introduction
The Meaning of Colliding Cultures
Manifestations of Colliding Cultures
Consequences of Colliding Cultures
Symbolism and Imagery
Conclusion
Works Cited
From the Paper
"Hally is situated in a privileged class since he just happens to be the son of the proprietors, and so he can lord it over the black men. Hally has been culturally and socially conditioned to be the men's master but, in fact, he relies on them for emotional support. In an ironic reversal, they are the boys while he is the master. While Hally illustrates white dominance, he is too immature for the segregation but is quite capable of extreme racism against his friend Sam. There is a mutual emotional bond between Sam and Hally, and Sam is Hally's intellectual equal so that segregation is not possible."
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Overcrowding in the ER, 2008.
This paper discusses that overcrowding in the ER causes a negative impact on health care delivery.
1,216 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that emergency room overcrowding comprises one of the most crucial issues confronting hospitals all over North America. This problem is so serious that it has attained crisis proportions. The writer maintains that the stress created for patients, ER staff, and the hospital amounts to a vicious circle that has no solution. The writer points out that the scope of the impact of overcrowding in the emergency department becomes clear when it is realized that the emergency department is the only publicly mandated, guaranteed access to healthcare provided for 44 million persons in the United States who lack health insurance. The writer maintains that emergency room overcrowding jeopardizes the quality of patient care and places patients at high risk of treatment delays or inadequate care. The writer concludes that the issue can only be partially and inadequately addressed in the ER itself as the problem is systemic and extends over the entire health care organization, its funding and the way that resources have been distributed.
From the Paper
"Emergency department overcrowding which is combined with heavy emergency resource demand has led to a variety of problems, including ambulance refusals, prolonged patient waiting times, and rushed and unpleasant treatment environments. The most serious outcome involves potentially poor patient outcomes. Inordinate stress on institutional resources and ER overcrowding can jeopardize the hospital's ability to respond to community emergencies and disasters. In addition, physicians and other health care providers often find it difficult to maintain their work effectiveness under such strained conditions. Scarce resource and overcrowding tend to reduce professional effectiveness and job satisfaction among ER staff. Overcrowding increases the likelihood of medical errors as well as possibility of patients leaving prior to receiving essential treatment. At the same time, overcrowded conditions and scarcity of resources are not uniform across all emergency departments because varying sets of limiting factors are at work."
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