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Symbolism in F. Scott Fitzgerald's 'The Great Gatsby", 2008.
This paper looks at symbolism of empty material success within F. Scott Fitzgerald's novel 'The Great Gatsby'.
1,600 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that F. Scott Fitzgerald's novel 'The Great Gatsby' symbolically and starkly illustrates the potential dangers of a ruthless pursuit of success and its tangible if ultimately negligible reward. The writer notes that the main character, Jay Gatsby, reaches the pinnacle of American success, however Gatsby's conception of success is itself purely symbolic. The writer concludes that near the end, Fitzgerald portrays how the once honorable American Dream of personal prosperity as a reward for steady, honest hard work by a person of ability has been replaced by the mere pursuit of money and the wherewithal money itself allows to make purchases symbolic of wealth.
From the Paper
"Here Nick's unclear view of Gatsby, perhaps trembling alone in the darkness, also seems to symbolically and early on underscore the actual tentativeness of Gatsby's own grip on his contrived persona and later on in the story, and as an indirect result, life itself. Moreover, even at the outset of the novel, there is something out there that Gatsby seems at once to perhaps embrace with open arms and perhaps dread with trembling ones. This turns out, looking back to be Daisy.
"Daisy is symbolized at this early point in the book by the green light at the end of her pier. Green is also symbolic of money (old money in this case), something Daisy possesses and that Gatsby does not. "
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Alien Tort Claim Act, 2008.
This paper discusses the United States Alien Tort Claim Act that is considered to be one of the most innovative pieces of legislation in the area of human rights protection.
3,017 words (approx. 12.1 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 88.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that in order to have a proper view on the importance of the Alien Tort Claim Act, a closer analysis must be taken into consideration. In this sense, the writer points out that the history of the Act in itself may point to the actual necessity for the drafting of the legislation. Also, the writer looks at points which might shed light on the usefulness of the Act as well as on the philosophical discussion on the relationship between civil and political rights and the economic, social, and cultural ones. The writer discusses that the Alien Tort Claim Act takes into consideration the violations of human rights made by multinational companies or different agencies around the world.
From the Paper
"Speaking in general terms, it is rather hard to determine the extent to which a non binding type of protection is more efficient than a binding one. A possible combination of the two systems of protection can be said to benefit more than an actual separation or differentiation because the protection considered by multinational companies or national legislation on the other hand appears to be more efficient due to the fact that their goals are limited but also their resources, financial and legal, are stronger.
"The UN protection system has been set in place in order to give general guidelines on the proper practices that should be followed to insure a minimum standard of human rights protection. The UN Charter, along with subsequent documents that came to underline particular aspects of the document are relevant for pointing out the minimum requirements any system, political or corporate, must meet."
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Illusion and Reality in "Araby", 2008.
This paper discusses the counter-themes of illusion and reality within James Joyce's short story "Araby".
1,185 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that in James Joyce's short story "Araby", the narrator's view of the world seems to be that it is a relatively mundane, routine and unexciting place except when interrupted by his adolescent sensual thoughts and therefore rises a fresh, new and exciting reason to hope, dream and fantasize beyond his usual and predictable home, school and church routine. The writer notes that Joyce develops within this story counter-themes of illusion and reality: the illusion on the boy's part of romantic love for "Mangan's sister" juxtaposed against the more mundane realities of his true everyday existence, including the reality that the boy's own actions and mobility are determined by others.
From the Paper
"Soon the boy cannot extract his sensual images of Mangan's sister from his mind, even long enough to say his prayers. Thoughts of Mangan's sister interfere impede his concentration at school. Neither God nor his studies is in his own mind any match for Mangan's sister. Soon, and without understanding why, the picture inside his head of Mangan's sister, distorted or real, takes on iconic significance, substituting for reality in a way far more, in fact deliciously, exciting. However, by the end of the story, the young boy's reality, which has to do with acquiescing to priorities of those older than himself than it does fulfilling his own desires, pulls him back, and much-cherished hope of buying and presenting Mangan's sister with a special gift from Araby is destroyed by the simple fact that his uncle's tardiness has caused him to arrive to late to Araby to buy her a gift.
"When the boy becomes fascinated with Mangan's sister, his mind wanders far from his usual reality, which consists of school, church, home, and the authority of others - religious, parental, and otherwise."
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Waging Nonviolent Struggle, 2008.
A review of the book "Waging Nonviolent Struggle: 20th Century Practice and 21st Century Potential" by Gene Sharp.
1,027 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews the book "Waging Nonviolent Struggle: 20th Century Practice and 21st Century Potential" by author and professor of political science, Gene Sharp. The paper explains that according to Sharp, the key to effective nonviolent struggle is the role of strategic planning, a topic this book focuses heavily on. The paper looks at how the book is presented with an introduction regarding the relationship between nonviolent struggle and political power. The paper then points out that the remainder of the book is comprised of twenty-three case studies of various, "improvised nonviolent campaigns in the 20th century selected on the basis of types of actions employed." The paper also notes that following the case studies, there is an in depth analysis of the specific dynamics of how a nonviolent struggle operates, along with a presentation of guidelines on how one can strategically plan for a nonviolent struggle.
From the Paper
"In presenting his case studies, Sharp is able to debunk numerous myths and misconceptions about the use of nonviolent struggle. For instance, the case studies present real examples of how nonviolence is not ineffective against dictatorships and genocide or that all nonviolent struggles rely on an appeal to the general moral character of the opponent. Instead these case studies demonstrate how, when strategic planning is employed, nonviolent struggles, such as economic boycotts and social noncompliance, can lead to a highly disciplined and thus successful movements that also create substantially lower overall mortality rates and less incidences of collateral damage, such as the killing of innocent civilians."
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Alcohol Use, 2008.
Looks at the diminution in alcohol use in the U.S. and Europe.
2,740 words (approx. 11.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 81.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the decrease in the use of alcoholic beverages in the U.S. and Europe is because alcoholic beverages, which once had a status as almost indispensable diet items, today are commodities of discretionary consumption. The paper relates that this shift was affected by several factors, including demographic changes, economic shifts, new social pressures, a growing health consciousness and direct action of the temperance movement. The paper also relates that teenage drinking is still a problem since young people are not given norms by which to judge their own behavior and thus emulate what they see in the adult world without the social anchor to do so responsibly.
From the Paper
"The Canadian market is more like the American market than it is the European. For the beer industry today, based on reports from the advertising undertaken by different companies, the primary target market in North America as a whole consists of men and younger adults. This fact also explains the emphasis on youth in certain television ads, often with images of people in their twenties in singles bars, at parties, and in locales such as the beach, a swimming pool, a barbecue, or similar site."
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Bilingualism, 2008.
This paper looks at the concept of bilingualism and what it means for the U.S. and its citizens.
942 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the entire world is undergoing a major change with the increase in globalization and becoming a flat enterprise. The writer also discusses that it will be pertinent for future generations to know more than one language to succeed in their careers, regardless of what these occupations may be. In addition, the writer maintains that the U.S. is far behind other countries in terms of knowing other languages. The writer concludes that for the U.S. to remain a successful economically competitive country, it will have to promote more language acquisition among children.
From the Paper
"Over the years, as scholars attempted to define bilingualism, different theories were suggested. For example, in order to conceptualize linguistic organization in bilinguals, in 1953 Weinreich made a distinction between compound and coordinate bilingualism. The compound bilingual had one semantic system and two language codes, and the coordinate bilingual had two semantic systems, and two language codes. Compound bilinguals acquire their languages in a joint context and are thought to store linguistic information interdependently. Coordinates instead acquire their languages in separate contexts and are considered to maintain independent linguistic stores. However, this concept was later negated, because semantic systems often overlap and actually sometimes converge. Today, people do not see the difference so much as distinct semantic systems as they do separate cultures."
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Cultural Relativism, 2008.
This paper discusses the topic of morality, focusing specifically on whether morality exists and what makes something moral from a cultural relativistic point of view.
1,003 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the topic of morality. Specifically, it asserts that a decent human being is not one who accepts transient consensus about what attitudes are normal and what practices are unjust. If anything, what counts as a decent human being is the independent moral decency to ignore transient consensus and societal attitudes to whatever extent transient consensus and societal attitudes obviously violate objective principles of fundamental fairness, equity, human empathy, and decency.
From the Paper
"Considering the way that social convention arises in the first place provides another reason to reject the suggestion that social convention is a reliable determinant of what constitutes moral conduct and what distinguishes it from immoral conduct. Among a small isolated group of people, (such as a group of 20 individuals stranded on an island), social convention probably does reflect true majority consensus. Not that majority consensus necessarily corresponds to morality, but that would be the only possible logical basis for defining morality through social convention at all. Even in a group of 20 individuals, it is still possible that the minority position is more moral (objectively) than that of the majority, but at least the majority position does, in fact, reflect the desires of the true majority."
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Health Policies, 2008.
This paper discusses the impact of health policies on healthcare organizations and systems.
1,416 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer provides an analysis of health policies and their effect on healthcare organizations and systems. The researcher hypothesizes that properly written and clearly communicated policies are the foundation for good healthcare and organizational systems that run efficiently and productively. Poor policies on the other hand, generally lead to miscommunication and disturbances within the organization and the organizational culture. A literature review focusing on the purposes and effects of health policies is provided. From the information gathered the researcher concludes that there is ample evidence health care policies effect organizations and systems in different ways, depending on the scope of the policy and the people it addresses.
Outline:
Executive Summary
Literature Review
Evaluation & Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"There is still much debate among researchers about the effects of health policy on healthcare organizations and systems. Information provided by the literature review suggests that health policies have many different effects on the organization and the healthcare systems an organization has in place. Some policies are created to be purely humanistic, meaning their goal is to improve the health and wellness of the people directly influenced by the policy. Other policies are more capitalistic in nature, serving the healthcare organization by lowering costs and providing incentives to individuals that are willing to work to help reduce overhead and increase capital for the healthcare organization."
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The 'Alchemist' and Duality, 2008.
This paper discusses the theme of duality in the play the 'Alchemist' by Ben Jonson.
2,883 words (approx. 11.5 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 85.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that duality in literature and drama is a common theme suggesting various relationships between people, attributes, character traits, and also suggesting the larger dictum that things are not always what they seem. The writer discusses that the 'Alchemist' is a comedy written in verse and that two of the central themes in this play are inherently shaped around ideas of duality. The first of these themes is that of illusion versus reality, again a common theme in drama and one that includes duality as how things appear is not how they truly are. This theme also shows the tendency people have to see what they want to see and to fail to perceive the true nature of people and things in this world. A second theme in this play is transformation, clearly a term related to the idea of an alchemist, who had as his primary goal changing base metals into gold, an idea that was an illusion in itself. The writer notes that in the 'Alchemist' this idea involved a deliberate duality as even the concept of alchemy itself becomes the subject of and means to a swindle, a deliberate illusion to mask the true intent of the perpetrator.
From the Paper
"The names of the characters have a duality all their own as they tend to be fitting to the real character while the character him or herself seeks to hide that fact. The three conspirators are Subtle, Face, and Dol Common, and the use of the word "subtle" in particular suggests deception. Their primary target is Sir Epicure Mammon, a man whose name represents two of the seven deadly sins, gluttony and greed. The house where the conspirators create their illusion is owned by a man named Lovewit, also suggestive of one who knows a deception is taking place and who enjoys the game of it, though in fact he has left London to escape the plague. The conspirators want to be all things to all people, so long as this will give them an advantage and enable them to fleece those who visit them. Mammon is attracted by their promise of the Philosopher's stone, a legendary artifact that can turn base metals into gold and that is the object of all alchemical inquiry. Kastril is attracted by the promise of a charm so he can win at cards. Drugger the tobacconist wants his shop cleansed of impurities and supernatural threats. The duality of the three conspirators is matched by that of Pertinax Surly, the man who sees through their deceptions and who uses a disguise of his own to investigate."
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Universal Health Care System, 2008.
This paper discusses the pros and cons of a universal health care system in California.
1,215 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that currently over seven million people in California gamble with their health, as they live without health insurance coverage. It is the position of this paper that California should adopt some form of a universal health care system for its citizens. The benefits for doing so clearly out weigh the costs. The writer maintains that this is a problem that will only escalate in the future as premiums, populations, and life expectancy continue to expand. The paper begins with an overview of the pending California bill that, if passed, would create a universal health-care system. Then, the positives and negatives of adopting such a system are critically analyzed, with the focus primarily being on overall costs, quality and innovation. Finally, in light of this evidence, a conclusion is drawn as to what California should do in this regard.
From the Paper
"The program would be funded through the Health Insurance Fund, an independent state fund. The fund would put in place various cost control measures that would allow for the funding and spending to be able to adapt to changes in the health market, enabling the system to remain efficient and beneficial. One cost controlling measure of particular interest is the provision that would allow the Commissioner to refuse an individual coverage until they prove they plan to remain in California for a to-be-determined eligibility period. Another interesting provision is one prohibiting any private health insurance program that covers benefits already covered by the California system to be sold within the state."
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Barack Obama Memoir, 2008.
This paper provides a book review on the work 'Dreams from my Father' by Barack Obama.
1,550 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that for a memoir written by a senator and an aspiring presidential candidate, 'Dreams from my Father' by Barack Obama is a brilliantly candid document. True, the writer points out, that Obama was not a candidate when he penned the work in 1998. Still, he was clearly ambitious and had a future political and legal career on his mind and a potential agenda. He was a graduate of Harvard Law School, the editor of the prestigious Harvard Law Review, and in only two years he would be the Democratic junior senator from the largely Republican state of Illinois. The writer discusses that rather than affirm homilies about the goodness of America, Obama speaks openly about the difficulties of negotiating a viable sense of self and identity in contemporary America.
From the Paper
"Obama discusses how he struggled to know who he was as a young man, racially and in terms of his future. He grew up in a divided America, still polarized by the ideological revolutions of the Civil Rights movement and the ant-war movement. The quest for stability and identity is something that most adolescents can relate to, but this intense self-examination is rarely expressed by politicians who often want to project a secure sense of self, to avoid being accused of waffling. Now that Obama's youth and supposed inexperience are an issue in the Democratic campaign for the nomination, he might regret some of his words in Dreams from my Father, but from the point of view of telling a good story, his tale is compelling because it is so easy to relate to his struggle, whether a reader is black or white, or of mixed race."
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The Jena 6, 2008.
A discussion of the racial issues surrounding the case of the Jena 6.
2,412 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the actions of the so-called Jena 6, the legal issues raised around the Jena 6, and the pending trial of some of the Jena 6, from a sociological perspective. This issue involves the placement of nooses around a campus, perceived as a racist gesture against blacks, which led to the beating of a white student by the Jena 6, a group of blacks. The paper argues that the white power structure did nothing directly to the students who had placed the nooses around campus and instead charged the Jena 6 with attempted murder for what was perceived as at most an assault. This eventually raised issues of of racial preference and misdirected prosecutorial discretion. The paper approaches the issue in terms of its social aspects, the type of society that produces such behavior. It concludes that the case reflects the predominance of an unstated, yet indefensible attitude that the black population is a threat to the white population.
From the Paper
"Sociological theory has been developed over the years to cope with this sort of social difference and group action. One such approach is structural functionalism, a theoretical approach in which societies are seen as social systems and in which particular features of social structures are explained in terms of their contribution to the maintenance of these systems. For instance, religious ritual may be explained in terms of the contribution it makes to social integration. The term is also applied to the particular form of functional analysis developed by Talcott Parsons in the 1950s and early 1960s, coinciding, as it happens, with the era of the beginnings of the Civil Rights Movement. Parsons finds institutional patterns which carry the rules and norms governing our social structure. He begins with the system and finds that every social system is a functioning entity, or a system of interdependent structures and processes tending to maintain relative stability and distinctiveness of pattern and behavior."
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Media and Children, 2008.
A look at the positive and negative effects of media on children and families.
1,248 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
The paper examines research from the 1990s and later years and shows how children and youth are both positively and negatively affected by today's media. The paper is of the opinion that it is critically important for parents and caretakers to monitor not only the quality but also the quantity of the media children are exposed to.
Outline:
Introduction
The Effects of Media on Children
Research in the 1990s
Research in the 2000s
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"The work of St. Peters, Huston, Wright, and Eakins (1991) reports a longitudinal study of children's television use that found that children tend to watch adult programs in the presence of their parents and child programs without their parents present. Negative reactions are noted in the study of Cantor and Hoffner (1990) in a study of 163 children between the ages of five and nine years of age which states that children were noted to have experienced more fear when they believed that a threat televised on television was a local threat."
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Dysfunctional Families and Homelessness, 2008.
An analysis of how dysfunctional and disrupted families are a factor in homelessness.
845 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how a dysfunctional or disrupted family represents a risk factor or cause for homelessness. It looks at how dysfunctional families are more often conflicting environments and how causes of conflict in such families range from relationships with stepparents, school problems, sexual orientation, pregnancy, alcohol and drug use, neglect and sexual abuse. It also discusses how other causes of homelessness in familial context include residential instability, broken ties with the family of origin, disrupted family histories, and substance abuse.
From the Paper
"Martijn & Sharpe (2006) investigated causal pathways to homelessness and identified five different pathways. Each pathway is defined by the combination of precipitant factors for homelessness. Pathway one suggested that drug and alcohol, trauma with or without additional psychological problems are found prior to homelessness, pathway two emphasizes trauma and psychological problems (the absence of drug and alcohol) as precipitator factors for homelessness, pathway three reveals drug and alcohol and family problems, pathway four emphasizes family problems as a cause of homelessness, and pathway five focuses on trauma. The pathway four, focused on family problems revealed that the most important factors were neglect, physical and emotional abuse throughout childhood, and witnessing domestic violence at home."
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The Homeless Epidemic, 2008.
An overview of the growing crisis of homeless people in the US and their impact on society.
830 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how, with the increase in families, and thus children and teens on the street, there has been a subsequent increase in youth drug use, pregnancy and crime, especially violent and sexual crimes. It looks at how this disturbing trend has created a new challenge to how to deal with the homeless epidemic in the US, as new resources are needed, and how many of the traditional charitable organizations are unequipped to deal with this new need, meaning that few services are now available to the homeless.
From the Paper
"There are many causes for homelessness, many not attributable, or not the fault of, the individual homeless person. For example, such factors as a combination of low paying jobs and a general lack of affordable housing force many people into homelessness. This is one of the main causes of homelessness for families. Despite being employed, the wages and benefits are too low to allow for adequate housing to be secured. (Jeneks: 1995). Other factors include substance abuse problems and the general lack of needed services. The mental health epidemic, coupled with the lack of public healthcare, has created a large fraction of the total homeless population. Domestic violence, unemployment, irresponsible life-style choices, poverty and natural disasters are all also contributing factors to being homeless. "
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