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Horseradish Peroxidase, 2005.
Scientific review of journal article, "Determination of Safety Levels of Horseradish Peroxidase-Iodide System to Human Gingival Keratinocytes and Fibroblasts in Vitro" .
1,687 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper explains and reviews an article about the effects of the horseradish peroxidase-iodide system on metabolic activity, membrane permeability, and cell growth of gingival keratinocytes and fibroblasts in vitro. The paper provides background information on the subject of the article, details the results of the experiment under discussion, and explains the significance of the experiment in terms of future research on the subject.
From the Paper
"Collectively, these results demonstrate that of the three studied cellular indicators the effects of the complete HRP-I system were first observed as decreased metabolic activity and cell growth. Keratinocytes cell membrane permeability was altered only with concentrations of iodine and hydrogen peroxide as high as 25mmol/L in the complete HRP system in growth medium. The highest production of free iodine was measured to be by the HRP-I system in buffer compared to the growth medium. This is due to the presence of oxidizable free amino acids and antioxidants in the growth media. The highest concentrations of the HRP-Iodine system components which did not have any significant detrimental effects on the metabolic activity and cell growth of gingival keratinocytes and fibroblasts with exposure time as long as 1 hour did not have detrimental effects on the metabolism of HGK and HGF cells if the exposure time did not exceed 5 minutes. The effects of the HRP system on cell growth and metabolic activity were observed at lower iodide and hydrogen peroxide concentrations than its effects on membrane permeability. Gingival fibroblasts were more prone to detachment than keratinocyte cell lines, but no differences in changes of growth or metabolic activities were observed between gingival fibroblasts and gingival keratinocytes."
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Obesity and African-Americans, 2005.
This paper examines the problem of obesity and African-Americans in preparation for developing a research hypothesis.
7,880 words (approx. 31.5 pages), 20 sources, APA, $ 170.95
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Abstract
This paper states that the problem of obesity in the African-American population has been a topic of some analytical import in extant research and literature, but there is little agreement about the actual causes of this problem and the proper ways in which to approach it. The author points out that one objective is to explore the link between high rates of obesity and high rates of Type 2 diabetes in the African-American population generally, seeking to explore this link in detail and assay solutions that deal with an individual's insulin levels and levels of insulin resistance by population. The paper relates that the selected hypothesis is that a useful way of targeting and reducing the prevalence of obesity in African-Americans is to look at the problem from a perspective of community-based solutions, which can be applied in terms of empowering change at the sociocultural level.
Table of Contents
Definition of Problem and Clarification of Objectives Definition of Nature, Extent, Significance
Framing of Questions
Statement and Clarification of Objectives Explanation of Terms
BMI
Type 2 Diabetes
VAT- Visceral Adipose Tissue
Super Obese
Insulin Resistance
Metabolic Rate
Statistical Collaboration
Appraisal of Existing Information on the Subject Search of Literature
Classification and Organization of Information Critical Appraisal of Information
Disclosure of Gaps in Knowledge
Formulation of Hypothesis
Important Questions Needing Study and Formulation of Hypothesis
Consideration of Needs, Interests, Resources Selection of Hypothesis
From the Paper
"In terms of gender-related statistics, obesity is a problem that seems to affect African-American women more than African-American men, based on extant statistics on the problem and the prevalence of this statement within literature ranging from socio-cultural analysis to controlled experimental designs. Although African-American males also have comparatively high rates of obesity when compared to other demographic groups, it is African-American women who have a higher rate of obesity than men. As one article stressing the report of the U.S. Surgeon General states, "Among Blacks, nearly 70 percent of Black women are overweight or obese, compared to 58 percent of Black men. Lower-income families also tend to be heavier than more affluent ones, since sometimes the most fattening foods are the cheapest," Satcher revealed."
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Anthropology Methodology.
This paper compares the research methodology used by anthropologists Elizabeth Marshall Thomas, who studied Kalahari Desert Bushmen, and Tim O'Meara, who studied Samoan planters.
800 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 0 sources, $ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper related that Elizabeth Marshall Thomas, author of "The Harmless People" (1989), and Tim O'Meara, author of "Samoan Planters: Tradition and Economic Development in Polynesia" (1990), used simple anthropological research methodology to study the influence of external forces like globalization and development on primitive civilizations, such as the Kalahari Desert Bushmen and the Samoan planters. The author points out that both anthropologists situated themselves in the community being studied. O'Meara mixed with the local Samoan farmers to learn how they behave and interact, whereas, Thomas relied only on her observations of the Bushmen. The paper relates that O'Meara's method, limited by his research question, focused on developmental stages rather than on how people evolved; on the other hand, Thomas concentrated on the outcome of her subjects' ways of living.
From the Paper
"Taking each day at a time, he had been able to relate with the locals at a personal level. He encountered their personal life by mixing with the male members of society. For example, he learned why the male considered it illicit to meet with their sisters. The Samoan men were proud of their ability to deflower virgins but it was injurious to their family pride if their females were subjected to such conduct. O'Meara hence depended on mixing with the locals to learn how they behave and how they interact."
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Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia, 2002.
This paper discusses Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) and a prevention program developed in the author?s hospital.
2,370 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 18 sources, MLA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that increased rates of VAP in the author?s hospital, which were above the national average, triggered the experimentation of new techniques to reduce the incidence of VAP. The author describes the experimental method, with pre and post tests using four randomly selected groups: Group 1 was treated with a new oral care procedure, including an oral rinse with chlorhexidine; Group 2 was treated by being placed into a semi-recumbent position, which reduces gastroesophageal reflux and subsequent aspiration; Group 3 was treated with a combination of both treatments; and Group 4, the control, was treated by the current method. The paper relates that the best results were obtained for Group 3, where both variables were tested simultaneously and which yielded considerably lower rates than each of the measures when tested individually, resulting in a new treatment program that has proven to be successful. Chart.
Table of Contents
Introduction and Background Information
Process of Care
Assessment of the Patient
Helping the Patient Cope
Doctor Assessment
Analysis of Process of Care
Identification of All Primary Causative Factors
Experimental Method: Multiple Group Pretest-Posttest with Control Group
Results
Implementation of Program
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In SunHealth Hospital we have an ICU equipped with 12-bed surgical and an 8-bed medical intensive care unit. We understand that we must implement a program to reduce the risk of this type of nosocomial infection. We have looked at the strategies used by other hospitals including Owensboro Medical Health System Care Intensive Unit, which is a hospital of similar size and patient mix in terms of age distribution and community background. We decided to implement a program that resembles some of the preventive measures used by them in order to assess whether the incidence of VAP can also be reduced at our hospital."
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Women?s Magazines, 2004.
A look at the dieting and advertising trends in women's magazines from 1980 to the present.
1,573 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper describes a study to analyze the frequency of diet ads in two popular women?s magazines, "Good Housekeeping" and "Seventeen". It looks at how an archival study was done to record the number of all diet ads and/or articles in the two selected magazines over a time span from 1980 to 2003. It concludes that the results indicated that there was not any significant difference between the number of diet ads between the two selected magazines and also did not support a significant relationship between the number of diet ads and the decades.
Outline
Abstract
Method
Results
Discussion
References
From the Paper
"The projection of the desirable woman, particularly in North America, in mass media is an unrealistic, and for many women, unattainable body type (Harrison, 2003; Koff, & Benavage, 1998). Since the post-war era, there has been a significant increase in eating disorders (Harrison, 2003; Koff, & Benavage, 1998; Polivy & Herman 2004). Large or overweight women are generally stigmatized in respect to how sexually attractive they are, and in courtship (Wiederman, 2000)."
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Gender Difference in Learning, 2005.
A psychology research methods report on learning styles.
1,980 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper assesses the hypothesis that gender difference contributes to attitudes towards learning. It looks at how learning styles inevitably play a vital part in this study as men and women tend to learn more effectively through various types of learning. It proposes a non-experimental study with a mixed opportunity sample of 30 male and female students, who were asked to complete a questionnaire. It concludes that females have a more positive attitude in reference to learning.
Outline
Abstract
Introduction
Hypothesis
Method
Results
Discussion and Conclusion
From the Paper
"There are many theories upon the concept of learning, in terms of how and why a person learns. Learning is individual to a person, and the best style for that person is developed throughout years. Some have the natural ability to be able learn, take in and store information for a future purpose, and naturally learning will be of a more positive experience. Those, however, who lack this natural ability or the ability to want to learn may find the learning process tedious and thus research suggests that a persons learning style and ability is variable upon many factors. The concept of learning styles is rooted in the classification of psychological types."
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Leisure and Long-Term Health, 2004.
A look at past and present research with regards to leisure effects on health.
5,008 words (approx. 20.0 pages), 60 sources, APA, $ 126.95
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Abstract
This paper is a research literature review of studies done concerning the effect of leisure on health. Theories of leisure are described and related to the topic. The paper discusses the effects on both physical and mental health of individuals. Ideas for future research are presented at the end of the paper.
From the Paper
"Long-term health is becoming a more prevalent issue in the United States than ever before. In the US it is projected by the Census Bureau that by the year 2020, 17.7% of the population will be 65 years of age or over and that this figure will grow to 22.9% in 2050 (Kwai-Sang Yau & Packer, 2002). Life expectancy in the United States is currently approximately 80 years from birth (NCHS, 2004). Though these numbers are definitely promising they may be a bit misleading. The increase in life expectancy seems to be more of a product of other factors such as medical advances and less of a derivative of increased leisure activity. Also, life expectancy does not take into account quality of life. Mental Happiness is just as important throughout the life-cycle as physical health. People are living to 80 years old, but they may be suffering from many different ailments as a result of an unhealthy lifestyle or general consequences of aging. Medical science can treat those ailments enough to keep people alive, but in many cases they cannot be cured and people have to live with their effects and the unhappiness they bring with them. That is why leisure activity participation must be looked at as a possible solution to health problems in later life. To truly get to the heart of the problem, leisure activites? involvement in health related matters throughout the lifespan must be dissected."
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Hair and Fiber Analysis, 2004.
A look at the various comparison and identification techniques for hair and fibers and their role as physical evidence.
1,731 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the roles of hair and fibers as physical evidence in forensic science. It concentrates on the physical composition, identification methods, recovery techniques and implications as evidence. This forensic science research paper also provides an analytical discussion of the implications that the various methods have in the field of criminology.
From the Paper
"Hair and fibers are superficially similar. They may frequently be found together as trace evidence, and the methods of studying them are often similar. In fact, hair and fibers are quite different: Hair as an appendage of human or animal skin, growing out of an organ known as the hair follicle; fibers are strands of natural or manufactured material. Some animal-hair coverings such as wool and mohair are classified as natural fibers, but such issues of terminology are just that and do not affect the process of identification. Although hair is discovered as evidence at many crime scenes and often appears on the bodies of victims of violence, it represents class or general evidence, rather than individual evidence. One person?s hair cannot yet be individualized to the exclusion of anyone else, although DNA research, which involves testing the root of the hair, may make near individualization possible. Hair is valuable evidence and much can be learned from a few strands. It also resists chemical decomposition and retains its structural features for a long time. In contrast to hair, fibers and cloth fragments offer much greater evidential value because they incorporate numerous variables. These include the number of fibers in each strand, the diameter of strands and fibers, the direction and number of twists, the type of weave, the dye content, as well as the presence of any foreign material that may be adherent to fibers or embedded among them."
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Toyota Prius, 2004.
A case study of the U.K Toyota Prius including background information, product logistics and intellectual property.
4,322 words (approx. 17.3 pages), 26 sources, MLA, $ 114.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how, although it has taken a century for the concept of a practical hybrid car to become a reality, it is clear that the hybrid has found its time and how thanks to the improvement in hybrid system technology, the increased concerns surrounding the environment and the relatively limited supply of fossil fuels, hybrid cars are closer to mainstream than ever before. It uses as an example the Toyota Prius, the world's first volume production hybrid car and looks at how the five-passenger Prius has since become by far the world's most popular hybrid with current total sales of over 110,000 units worldwide.
Outline
Introduction and Background Information on Toyota Prius
Product Logistics
Materials Procurement System
Bill of Materials System
Intellectual Property
Patents
Trademarks
Designs
Copyrights
U.K. Market Information
Market Size and Trends
Market Segmentation
User Benefits
Performance Specifications for Improved Product
The Competition
Problems and Complaints
'Must Have? Features
From the Paper
"The notion of a hybrid car is nothing new however Toyota?s Hybrid Synergy Drive is, because of the way it works. In conventional hybrid cars or mild hybrids, which rarely develop further than the concept stage, the batteries were recharged either through a dynamo or simply by plugging it to a power source. The Prius however is much more sophisticated in this sense because it recharges the batteries by restoring the kinetic energy of the car which would otherwise be wasted during breaking. This is also called regenerative breaking. This makes Prius and the Hybrid Synergy Drive superior to other forms of hybrid technologies. The main component of this system is the Power Split Device (patent number: WO2004100202), which directs the kinetic energy generated during breaking to be restored in the batteries which are located at the rear section of the Prius."
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The Rorschach, 2004.
The history, validity, reliability, and nature of the world's second-most used personality test.
2,350 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
The Rorschach or ink-blot test is the second-most used personality test. This paper examines the history of the test, its validity and reliability, and how it is scored. The paper expresses a fairly critical view of the test, while providing a number of sources to back it up.
From the Paper
"The Rorschach Inkblot Test was introduced in 1921 by the Swiss Psychiatrist Hermann Rorschach. It uses the phenomena of pareidolia to examine the intricacies of the human mind, with a set of primary foci on the expressive capacities and potential mental disorders of its subjects. While initially disregarded as a serious instrument of evaluation, by 1947 it was ranked fourth out of twenty procedures in a study of instruments used by clinical psychologists (Louttit and Brown, 1947) and more recent studies show that it is second only to the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory in regularity of use."
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Megan?s Cleaning Service, 2004.
This paper is a research plan to give Megan?s Cleaning Service business a clear-cut plan for growth.
2,460 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 74.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Megan?s Cleaning Service will use the information from this research plan to increase business by at least 50% by the end of the year. The author develops the research plan objective by objective, outlining implementation actives and defining evidence that the objective has been met. The paper states that the data will be combined and analyzed to determine the best advertising methods.
Table of Contents
Statement of the Problem
Background Information
Research Plan
Objective 1 (Developmental)
Implementation Actives
Evidence Objective 1 Has Been Met
Objective 2 (Developmental)
Implementation Actives
Evidence Objective 2 Has Been Met
Objective 3 (Developmental)
Implementation Actives
Evidence Objective 3 Has Been Met
Objective 4 (Developmental)
Implementation Actives
Evidence Objective 4 Has Been Met
Objective 5 (Developmental)
Implementation Actives
Evidence Objective 5 Has Been Met
Objective 6 (Evaluative)
Implementation Activities
Evidence Objective 6 Has Been Met
Participants
Evaluation
Design Strategy
Data Collection
Data Analysis
Budget
Personnel
Supplies
Project Timeline
Definition of Terms
Appendices: Customers Opinion Survey
Appendices: Key Survey Results
Is the Cleaning Service Important to You?
What Are the Reasons That You Do Not Use Cleaning Service?
From the Paper
"Research gathering is helpful to locate the target market. Gathering and analyzing information are important to find the best probable answer for this business; how to grow. Without research, the business owner would not be able to make intelligent and logical decisions. Marketing strategy is very important to grow the business. The 4Ps of marketing: Product (cleaning service), price (how much the service will cost), place (identify the target market) and promotion (advertising type) are the key to achieving these goals. A solid investment in consistent, relatively intense advertising can get the business to an outstanding weekly sales volume. It is very important for an owner of a cleaning business to know who he/she is and what gets him/her excited. This will help the business owner reach his/her goals."
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Integral Energy Company, 2004.
This paper is a complete research project analyzing the human resource training and development function of the Integral Energy Company.
4,975 words (approx. 19.9 pages), 15 sources, APA, $ 126.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes Integral Energy?s significant training and development programs, which are implemented under the broader strategy of organizational change management to transform Integral from its traditionally protected status to a company subject to an extremely high degree of competition. The author analyzed personal interviews, surveys, discussions, internal documents, and published literature to evaluate critically the effectiveness of Integral?s training and development strategy in terms of its application to work psychology. The paper relates that the variety of courses offered and the focus on both hard and soft skills support the opinion that Integral?s Corporate human resources is committed to creating opportunities for staff to gain appropriate skills.
Table of Contents
Company Selection
Methodology
Personnel Interviews
Analysis of Staff Surveys
Methodology Limitations
Background
Company Background
Industry Background
Work Psychology?s Application to Integral?s Training and Development Strategy
Work Psychology
Job Satisfaction
Entrepreneurial Skills
Mutual Commitment
Self Managed Teams
Leadership
Induction
Intangible Training and Development Skills
Restructuring
Changes to the Psychological Contract
Integral?s Training and Development Programs
Actions Taken to Address the Strategy
Staff Survey - Communication
Staff Surveys - Change Readiness
Critical Evaluation
Planning
Linking Training to Organizational Needs
Variety of Training
Utilization of Knowledge - Opportunities
Evaluation and Adjustment
Value the Trained Employee
Conclusion
Appendices
Internal Communication
Employee Survey - Communication
Timeliness of Internal Communications
Relevance of Internal Communication
Employee Survey ? Change Readiness
Personnel Interviews
Evaluation of Integral?s Human Resource Strategy - Training and Development
Evaluation of Integral?s Human Resource Strategy - Training and Development
From the Paper
"The requirement to introduce commercial skills and reduce employee numbers was a commercial reality. Integral needed to take action to address the excess labor in some areas and lack of skills in others. It opted to introduce internal competition as a ?sing or swim? approach. Training and development sunk! With mounting employee resentment and resistance, management chose to significantly cut the training and develop budget. Integral failed to recognize Jordan?s (1998) observation that knowledge is a source of organizational growth and it is critical that skill levels are raised from the lowest worker to enhance equity, cooperation and alignment. Instead, Integral abandoned its training and development strategy after Senior Management labeled it a failure."
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Reducing Hypothermia via Utilization of Transport Isolettes, 2004.
This paper is a research proposal to explore whether the utilization of transport isolettes from the delivery room to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) will reduce the incidence of hypothermia.
2,230 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, traditionally, babies admitted into the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit from labor suites are hand-carried or transferred via the use of a radiant warmer without use of heating, which, despite the use of sheets, blankets, and hats to decrease heat loss, 84% of these newborn admissions proved to be hypothermic (<36.3 degrees C). The author points out that the research design will include a review of the literature on infant and neonatal hypothermia and a survey with a quasi-experimental methodology. The paper reports that the study will be conducted irrespective of gestational age for the infants examined by using a random sampling to ensure that internal and external validity can be measured.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Problem/Purpose
Hypothesis 1
Alternative Hypothesis
Significance of the Study
Preliminary Literature Review
Research Design
Limitations
Assumptions
Data Collection Methods
Sample Selection/Procedures
Data Analysis
Potential Funding Sources
From the Paper
"Hypothesis 1: Utilization of transport isolette from the delivery room to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit will reduce the incidence of hypothermia. The study aims to justify a statistically significant effect of P 0.05 Fisher supports utilization of this standard measure to report effect by stating ?it is convenient to draw the line at about the level at which we can say: ?Either there is something in the treatment, or a coincidence has occurred such as does not occur more than once in twenty trials???. All results, which fail to reach this level, shall not be considered. The 5% level is a practical level to conduct the research, as it should pick up the effects of scientific investigation."
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General Practice Physicians and Medicaid Discrimination, 2004.
A research proposal to study discrimination in the medical field against Medicaid recipients.
1,235 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This proposal attempts to answer some questions, such as whether patients of general physicians who receive Medicaid benefits are provided the same quality medical treatment and respect as those who do not and whether these patients are being discriminated against. The goal of this paper was to find if there is discrimination against Medicaid patients in general practice medical offices and whether there is a correlation between participation in a Medicaid program and health care discrimination.
Outline
Introduction
Literary Review
Method
Timeline
Budget
From the Paper
"Each State places limits on the duration, amount, and type of services for each individual based on a series of guidelines. One of the requirements each state has to comply with is allowing the patient the freedom of choice among health care providers participating in Medicaid. In addition, generally all States are required to provide comparable coverage to the needy eligible persons in all categories. These implements may help reduce the amount of discrimination that may occur as a result of being on a federal program. With the option to choose from a variety of doctors, patients may be able to avoid or leave a discriminating situation. At least in this case they will have a choice. However, since Medicaid is an income-based program, there is a strong chance of discrimination."
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Parenting Communication Skills Classes, 2004.
This paper is a complete research project studying the effectiveness of one parenting communication skills class for parents who were court-mandated to attend such classes because of child abuse.
1,345 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 20 sources, APA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper reports that the study offers limited value due to the number of participants (n=12), no reliability or validity of the self-administered questionnaires, and participants had to be able to read and write English; nonetheless, a questionnaire is included so that a study with a large sample can yield more valid results, and other social workers can adapt the study to their own needs. The author points out that parenting programs can be effective, but some people believe that parenting programs are most effective as preventive measures. The paper suggests parenting programs need to be tailored to the specific population it is intended to serve. Table and graphs.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Literature Review
Need for Interventions
Effectiveness of Parenting Programs
Research Question
Research Hypothesis
Methodology/Procedure
Results
Demographic Characteristics
Study Limitations
Discussion and Conclusion
Implications for Social Work Practice
Appendix
Letters
Questionnaire
From the Paper
"The participants in this study consisted of the opportunist sample of 12 parents. Four out of 12 were in voluntary attendance. Overall a sample of 83 % female (n=10), and 17 % male (n=2). The mode was 35 mean age of the sample was 35 years (standard deviation (aD)= 6.807). Five out of 12 participants completed High School; four out of 12 did not complete High School; two out of 12 participants completed some college and one participant held at least one college degree. Other demographics dissipated on the graphs below."
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