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Social Causes of Child Abuse, 2006.
This well-researched paper analyzes the issue of child abuse in the United States while focusing primarily on the social aspects involved.
2,516 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 76.95
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Abstract
This paper details the published research findings which state that there are four basic types of abusers. The writer of this paper explores the various theories that claim child abuse is in fact based on social, environmental and structural factors including economic status, cultural values, social isolation and lack of a community support system. The writer contends and explains why cultural norms are a significant cause of child abuse. The writer of this paper emphasizes the need for early intervention to both identify and combat cases of child abuse. The writer also stresses the importance of understanding the social causes of child abuse which can then help treat the abuser and prevent abuse from both occurring and escalating.
Table of Contents:
The Types of Abusers
The Social Systems Theory
Socialization/Role Strain Theory
The Social Interaction Theory
The Religious Theory
Other Social Phenomena
Intervention
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"Research and studies on child abuse and abusers indicate there are four basic types of abuser. The "accelerator" sees the child as having some kind of negative affect. (The child may remind them of a former spouse, or be inadvertently blamed for the break-up of a relationship). The abuser may take out their anger and frustration at these situations on the child. The "mediator" has some kind of reason that rationalizes the abuse, such as Biblical passages or "folk" wisdom that seem to support some kind of harsh discipline ("spare the rod and spoil the child"). In the "brakes" abuser, the abuser cannot control their actions and impulses and so allow their impulses to rule over their common sense.
Finally, the "reinforcer" finds some kind of emotional payoff from the abuse. They feel more in control, they can ignore other problems in their life, etc."
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Piaget's Conservation and Childhood Justification, 2005.
This paper explores research to determine the efficacy of Piaget's conservation and childhood justification theories.
3,220 words (approx. 12.9 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 92.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, although Piaget's theories of child development have been generalized and widely accepted, his work is not unassailable because he based the majority of his observations on the study of his own children. The author points out that, even today, there is little agreement as to the precise accuracy of his stages or the way in which they may be measured and determined especially the impact of cultural differences and the issue of giftedness among children. The paper includes (1) a literature review of several studies and (2) an interview of a child conducted by the author.
From the Paper
"Of course, if children are just responding to subtle cues given by the interviewer, then one would expect studies to bear this out -- and they do. McGarrigle and Donaldson (1974) found that if Piaget stage tasks were performed in a way that minimalized the appearance that the first answer was wrong, the success rate of an average group of four year old children jumped from 22.5% to 80% -- a total reversal of the trend towards failure for that age. In this study, the researchers pretended that a "Naughty Teddy" toy escaped his cage and messed up the lines of objects. They researcher then asked for the child's help in making sure the lines were still had the same number of objects."
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Research Designs, 2005.
This paper compares quantitative and qualitative research designs.
760 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that quantitative methods have been used extensively because measuring or counting acquires scientific reliability over the non-measurable; however, quantitative research alone cannot adequately encapsulate and solve the level of abnormality, severity, consequences and impact of the area being measured. The author points out that qualitative methods take a holistic stance conserving the intricacies of human behavior by addressing the 'why' and 'how' questions. The paper relates that the choice of whether to select a quantitative or a qualitative design is theoretical because basics of both methods can be used together in mixed-methods studies to get more information than could be got by using either one alone.
From the Paper
"But qualitative research has also its own limitations and restrictions. The usual mistake is the wrong use or misinterpretation of the capacities of qualitative research. Companies frequently fall in love with the data-rich results and think that the results are projectable. This supposition is wrong. Projectabilty is not possible, as the analysis is slanted and deals with a small size. Another general misapprehension is the belief that qualitative research will always give perfect deductions."
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Copyright Laws, 2005.
This in-depth paper examines and compares the issue of copyright and their applicability in terms of the law in the U.S., U.K. and China.
11,904 words (approx. 47.6 pages), 100 sources, MLA, $ 231.95
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Abstract
This well-researched paper centers on the matter of copyrighted material in terms of literary works, musical compositions, dramatic works, pantomimes and choreographic works, pictorial and multi-media packages within CD-ROMs among others. This paper focuses on the legalities of copyright in the three countries cited primarily from the point of view held by archives. The writer of this paper begins by offering a detailed definition of both archives and copyright. According to this paper, a copyright is a set of laws and rules that are established as a particular form of government with the primary goal of protecting the original works of the author. This paper delves into various concepts of copyright including its being construed as a certain specification of law within a particular field of work. The writer examines the situation in the U.K. which currently houses nearly 2,000 archive repositories of various types in England. This paper analyzes the Title 17, U.S. Code copyright law which applies and can only be enforced in the U.S. The Title 17, U.S. Code is given to original works of authorship including literary, dramatic, musical and other forms of artistic works which give the owner of the work in question the permission to reproduce said work. This paper details the significance of China's copyright laws on America while delving into the vast differences between China's perception of archived and documented material to that of the western world. The writer examines the growing field of online archives and libraries. This in-depth and informative paper also contains pertinent data and statistics relevant to this specific topic. According to published figures there are 1.5 million visits a year to archives while up to 75% of those who visit do so for private or personal research.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Archives and the Copyright Provisions in the West
Archives and the Copyright Provisions in China
Discussion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"The term copyright has to be explained to some extent. Copying takes place in a number of instances and can be considered when a single copy is made of an article through photocopying, downloading pages from a Web site, or seeing a picture that has been loaded in the digital format. In all these instances, there is no violation of the rights of the copyright holder, as they may be considered to be a fair use of the facility. Since the question of copying is involved, there has to be an understanding as to whether there are violations of any rights of the copyright holder. The permissions have to be given when certain actions are involved like a movie version from a book, translation of a book into other languages, etc. In these cases, the rights of the copyright holder are involved, and it does not matter from where the person desirous of making the change got hold of the material. It depends on the copyright holder to say how the work for which they are holding copyright will be distributed to the public at large."
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The Anatomy and Function of Vision, 2006.
This informative paper analyzes the human sensory system while also focusing on the primary perception function of vision.
1,653 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This clearly written paper presents an understanding into the basic physiology of the eye and how it responds to light which in effect begins the visual process. The writer of this paper delves into the anatomy of the eye as well as the brain's association to the concept of light. The writer contends and explains why the human eye is basically a fully functioning, self contained camera with a never ending supply of power. The eye functions mainly by permitting light to pass through the cornea which acts in the same manner as a camera's aperture. The writer delves into the field of evolution by contending that sight and vision are a crucial aspect in mankind's evolutionary progress. This paper also contains three illustrative graphics relevant to this particular topic.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Light and the Sun
Human Eye Anatomy
Vision Function
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"Our planet is as it is because of the main function of the sun. The sun is the center and most likely the most critical part of our solar system because of the light it offers to feed our planet and drive all life. There is little doubt from a scientific perspective that our planet would be greatly altered without the sun and most likely would have no life. For living creatures to evolve, expand and thrive, they have had to learn to function on the ideas or concepts of sensing light in some way.
This notion applies to all living creature on our planet and therefore could be considered to be an almost universal law. Consider that all plants utilize light through the concept of photosynthesis to feed themselves and mammals and other life forms utilize light to hunt, mate and preserve themselves through the cycles of light that are present."
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Solution Focused Brief Therapy, 2006.
This paper analyzes the nature of solution focused brief therapy (SFBT) and its effectiveness in both couples and family therapy.
1,752 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper details the benefits of solution focused brief therapy (SFBT), which was introduced as an alternative method of treatment, which could be accomplished in a shorter period of time, as opposed to the more traditional forms of long-term therapy and psychoanalysis. The writer contends and explains why SFBT is significantly more efficient in terms of time, scope and cost when compared to long-term therapy. This paper delves into the literature and research published on this particular form of therapy. This paper cites the various techniques involved in successfully implementing SFBT. This paper discusses the advantages of SFBT and success rates attained in both family and couples therapy, while also citing various experts in the field who oppose this particular form of treatment.
From the Paper
"Miracle questions are created to provide the therapist a 'preview' of how the patient views his/her future life. These questions engage patients by allowing them to contemplate about specific possibilities that may happen in their lives. Questions may be hypothetical situations that focus on the individual's action when confronted with mundane events followed after by thought-provoking inquiries by the therapist. This technique probes into the patient's capability to think about alternative solutions to specific life situations or problems, enabling the therapist to come up with a suggested resolution that is within the understanding of the patient. This also makes the patient feel that s/he had an active role in the solution-making process that took place during the therapy. Scaling is a more quantitative means by which problems are assessed by the therapist."
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Counseling Supervisory Relationships, 2005.
This paper is a research proposal to study the role of supervision in the practice of counseling.
1,230 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses a proposed scientific research investigation of the practice of using doctoral students in the role of supervisors in practicum situations where master's level students are learning the rigors of counseling applications. The author points out that the primary goal of any counseling training program is to assist practicum students develop a dedication to the highest possible standards within the counseling profession wherein recognizing the diversity, which the profession faces. The paper states that the research will use "The Doctoral Students Supervision/Facilitation Survey" to evaluate accredited doctoral programs and non-accredited programs.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Counseling Supervision
Research Questions
Participants
Instrument
Procedure
Data Analysis Procedure
Expected Results
From the Paper
"In addition to individual supervision, the counseling student receives group supervision as well. As such, group supervision includes case consultations wherein students are provided an opportunity to gain feedback and share information will other trainees and professional staff with respect to on-going program development (Werstlein, 1994). In fact, in today's world of mega technology researchers investigating the role of group supervision in counseling have even turned to computer-based tactics for group supervision training purposes (Janoff & Schoenholtz-Read 1999)."
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Sternberg's Theory of Love, 2005.
This paper examines psychologist Robert Sternberg' triangular theory of love based on his 1986 article "A Triangular Theory of Love".
3,180 words (approx. 12.7 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 92.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that psychologist Robert Sternberg proposes a theory of love consisting of a "love triangle" with the three components of passion, the drive that leads to romance, physical attraction, sexual consummation and related phenomena; intimacy, the feelings of closeness, connectedness and bondedness in loving relationships, and commitment, the decision that one loves someone else and commits to maintain that love. The author points out that these three components may be combined to characterize eight kinds of love; however, the relative emphasis of each component changes over time as an adult romantic relationship develops. The author points out that Sternberg's triangular theory of love has been criticized for its methodology and on the grounds that passion, intimacy and commitment often overlap; other scholars have found this theory to be a meaningful base for their own study of love. Includes illustration and Sternberg's Triangular Love Scale questionnaire.
From the Paper
"Commitment is the cognitive component, which consists of knowing and perception. It can keep a marriage together way after passion is gone and intimacy is no longer possible. But commitment without one or both of the other elements leads to an empty marriage. Many older persons today despair over the younger generation's seemingly unwillingness to make commitments. Perhaps younger people, seeing what has happened with earlier generations, realize that people and relationships change and that making a commitment should go far beyond what matters to them in the short run."
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Nursing Articles Reviewed, 2005.
A critical review of two research articles (one experimental and one non-experimental) regarding nursing.
973 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a critical evaluation of two nursing articles, one experimental and one non-experimental, with respect to the soundness of the stated research question and the research methodology employed to deliver the appropriate answer or answers to the stated question. The articles reviewed are: "Improving the Retention Rate of Newly Graduated Nurses", Pam Almanda, et al. (2004, non-experimental) and "Nurse Internship Pathway to Clinical Comfort, Confidence and Competency", Cheryl Blanzola, et. al. (2004, experimental).
From the Paper
"Unfortunately the hypothesis stated by Blanzola and her two co-authors set forth a hypothesis that was not only in null form but one that predicted an increase in core competency attainment visa via internship participation. The reason a direction is not suitable for experimental research lies in the area of attempting to explain that which did not happened. Attempting to give reason as to why a treatment (nursing internship) did not happen is fraught with subjective explanations and akin to discussing how many angles can be placed on a head of a pin. In other words, there is no reasonable answer."
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?In the Shadow of Man?, 2006.
This paper reviews and discusses Jane Goodall's book "In the Shadow of Man" which details her research of primates in Africa.
1,790 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper details Goodall's extensive research into primate behavior, which began in the early 1960s and would continue for many years. This paper reviews Goodall's groundbreaking book, in which the author found many similarities between chimpanzee society and human society. This book delves into how Goodall began her research by fitting into the primate society. This paper discusses the manner in which Goodall personalized her subjects by giving them names and in some ways anthropomorphizing them in her description of their behavior, which runs counter to any scientific study of primate behavior in itself. Goodall's book also delves into how the chimpanzees began to accept the author and researcher as one of their own. Goodall did not write this book as a scientific report but as a popular account of her life in Africa and her interactions with chimpanzees. The writer of this paper explains why author and anthropologist Jane Goodall has become a key figure in the field of primate research.
From the Paper
"Goodall found many similarities between chimpanzee society and human society, noting how interesting it is when she finds something that is different about chimp society in the exclusion of the male from familial responsibilities, calling this "perhaps one of the major differences between human and chimpanzee societies, for most human family groups look upon the father not only as the begetter of the children but as the protector, and usually as the provider of food, or land, or money." However, she also notes that at the time, women were demanding more equality so that the role of the males was being questions, though she also says this is only happening in a very small minority of cultures." It is not clear what it would mean if this were more widespread, whether it would reflect something innate in primates that only emerged when society changed, or whether it occurs in chimpanzee society for some similar reason."
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HRM's Best Practices, 2006.
This research paper consists of an exploratory analysis of the current trends in the field of human resources in order to define what exactly these emerging trends are in this particular area.
1,468 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper defines the field of human resources (HR) as the gatekeeper of an organization, the deciding force that enables gainful employment should they deem an individual qualified to participate in an organization's family. The writer of this paper also analyzes how these new trends will impact the structure of human resource management in the future. This paper discusses the importance of HR in today's workforce, which is more globalized in nature. The writer contends and explains why more complex interactions require HR representatives to recruit well-educated and diverse employees capable of operating in a rapidly changing environment. This paper asks and answers the following questions: What are the current emerging trends that are impacting the function and role of HRM practices? How are these trends defining organizations? What strategies are being adopted by organizations to address the needs of a rapidly changing and dynamic workforce?
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Background to the Problem
Significance of Study
Preliminary Literature Review
Methods
Data Collection
Results
References
From the Paper
"Whereas in times of old HR departments were concerned with payroll and health insurance, today human resources departments typically consist of several different areas including: labor relations, benefits, payroll, workers compensation and recruitment. Part of this is due to an increasing need for more flexible benefits for employees. More and more there is word of positive changes in organizations as a result of emerging trends and changes in HRM practices. There are several emerging trends in human resources deserve further investigation including flexible work scheduling, health and wellness programs, on site daycare's and even improved retirement benefits."
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Effect of Studying on Students? Grades, 2005.
Argues that students who study will have higher grades than students who don't.
1,733 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
The advent of companies like Sylvan and Kumon learning centers have advanced the idea that grades are not important. With colleges and universities becoming more and more competitive as far as their entry requirements, it is not possible for the average student who wishes to succeed and get into the career of their choice, to simply ride along and hope for the best. The paper shows that on top of the requirement for students to have extra-curricular activities and community involvement, SAT scores and excellent grades are essential for the motivated student to even hope to be accepted to the college of their choice. But what can the average student do to improve his or her grades. Is it necessary for these students to attend learning centers like Sylvan and Kumon? Or can a student, with the sufficient amount of study time, attain the grades he or she needs to succeed? This paper argues that students who spend more time studying will have higher grades than those students who spend only moderate or little amounts of time studying.
Paper Outline:
Overview Chapter
Review of Literature
Methodology
Limitations
Research Findings
Summary and Conclusions
Recommendations
References
From the Paper
"It would appear from this simple study that the students who spend the most time in study have the most impressive GPAs. There does not appear, in the study anyway, to be an association of improved grades based on whether the student studies in a group or on an individual basis, although this may be a good subject for further study. From the review of the literature it would appear that more important than hours spent in study is the issue that the students have adequate study skills and be able to use the study hours they do have as efficiently and effectively as possible."
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Public vs. Private Education, 2006.
A proposal for a research study regarding the benefits of private versus public education.
13,000 words (approx. 52.0 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 247.95
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Abstract
This paper serves as a proposal for the study of research findings on questions relating to the overall quality of public schools and private schools in America. The author has devised a research study,which is to include the collection of data from a broad spectrum of relevant sources, such as current students of public and private schools, parents and guardians of students in public and private schools, teachers and administrators from public and private schools, graduates and alumni from public and private schools, and finally the general public. The questions the research study is to focus on are: (1) Which type of school is perceived as providing the highest quality education to students? (2) Which type of school is perceived as being the best value? (3) How should public and private schools co-exist and function within our society? and (4) Which subsets of the population (current students, former students, parents of students, school staff, and others) hold which opinions? This paper is divided into three chapters. The first chapter summarizes the purpose of the research study and defines public and private education. The second chapter is a literature review, detailing previous research and then suggesting that this body of work is insufficient to fully address the question of public vs. private education. The third chapter presents the methodology of the author's study, including how the population sample is to be chosen, what questions are to be asked of that sample population, and how the results of this survey are to be calculated.
Outline:
Chapter One
Introduction
Background of Study
Statement of the Problem
Purpose
Significance of the Study
Research Questions
Assumptions and Delimitations
Definitions
Summary
Chapter Two: Literature Review
Chapter Three
Methodology
Research Design
Site Setting
Population
Sample
Measurement Methods
Procedure
Ethical Considerations
Summary
List of Appendices
From the Paper
"As this first chapter has demonstrated, there is a great deal of research that must be conducted in the area of school and education. The current educational system is divided into two major subsections: private schools and public schools. Public schools are funded by taxes and regulated by the government, while private schools are independently run and funded, with different laws and regulations for each of them in every school district and state. However, it is obvious that both of these types of schools are still experiencing difficulties and have not become ideal institutions as of yet. There are many social factors which are affecting and being affected by the state of the schools, and it is important for the future of youth and society as a whole that the educational system be properly evaluated so that improvements can be made. Public schools and private schools both demonstrate some positive traits as well as some negative. In order to get a complete image of the current state of public and private schools, the opinions, experiences, and suggestions of all related populations must be taken into consideration; current students of public and private schools, former students of public and private schools, parents of students of public and private schools, staff of public and private schools, and people who do not attend, work at, or have children in school all must have input into a complete survey of the school situation."
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Domestic Violence, 2005.
This paper is a research proposal to study the reasons women stay in violent relationships.
3,510 words (approx. 14.0 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 98.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the research will attempt to determine (1) the factors which impact a women's mental status in a domestic violence situation, (2) the degree to which the level of support a woman receives effects her ability to leave a violent situation and (3) the common demographic variables of women who stay in violent situations. The author points out that the literature indicates that there is ample evidence that a woman's social support structure, socio-economic status and perceived sense of self esteem and self worth contribute to a woman's susceptibility for domestic violence. The paper relates that study will consist of a base survey of 100 women, aged 18 and older, who have been victims of domestic violence within the previous two years; the data will come from surveys such as the Severity of Violence against Women Scales ( SVAWS}and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale plus the researcher will design a ten question open-ended interview questionnaire examining these womens' attitudes and beliefs toward domestic violence.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Statement of Problem
Background to the Problem
Theoretical Framework
Literature Review/Studies Analysis
Domestic Violence Defined
Demographic Variables
Summary of the Literature
Methods
Research Design/Participants
Data Collection Measures
Procedures
Access to Site
Researchers Role
Reflexivity of Approach
Logistics
Conclusion
Limitations
Contributions Research Will Make
Implications of the Research
Interview Questions
From the Paper
"The study is limited in a number of ways. It will focus predominately on women living in shelters or women who have sought out help for domestic violence whether from healthcare facilities or social support networks, thus it may not be possible to generalize the material and findings to women in domestic situations that have not reported violence. The largest group of women experiencing domestic violence is believed to be those women who have not reported violence and are living in a violent situation; however, it would be nearly impossible to survey this portion of the population."
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Educational Trends in U.S. and Europe, 2005.
This paper is a research proposal to compare educational trends in U.S. and Europe.
1,035 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the objectives of this research study are to compare the U.S. educational system with the European educational system by identifying (1) three major trends in education today and (2) the critical factors relating to education, which are most likely to improve student performance in the future global economy. The author points out that current studies indicated that time and time again European students score better than American students on critical subjects including mathematics and the sciences; however, the extent to which this discrepancy is relevant is debated by numerous researchers, who claim that a liberal arts education as more frequently encouraged and offered in the United States, is more important than a strictly science-based education. The paper proposes a qualitative study, based on the analysis of documentary data, systematic observation of behavior and in-depth small groups interviews using a questionnaire and a population of 20 professors from select universities and of 10 teachers from local high schools.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Significance of Study
Literature Review
European vs. U.S. Education
Curriculum Differences
Trends in Education
Methods
Population
Data Collection
Results
From the Paper
"Part of the reason may be European instruction is more vigorous; there are many curriculum differences that should be examined. Students in the United States generally have the option to take classes that are considered rigorous, such as calculus, chemistry and physics to complete high school, whereas European schools generally require at minimum three years of native language, math, foreign language, physics, chemistry and biology. The U.S. system is based on the notion that education should be more flexible, allowing for personal choice and directions, whereas the European system is considered more focused on academic rigor, which is "a consequence of the educational traditions of the Old Continent." "
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