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Judicial Powers and Limitations, 2007.
This paper discusses Article III and Amendment XI of the United States Constitution about the authority of the judicial system.
2,509 words (approx. 10.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 76.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that Article III of the Constitution of the United States laid the foundation of the American judicial system. The paper discusses how the creation of a federal judiciary that was not subject directly to the various states was itself a revolutionary concept. The paper relates that many felt that Article III went too far in giving all extra-state matters to the federal courts and so Amendment XI was added that did not require all suits against and involving states, or those brought by foreign nationals or ambassadors, to be heard by the federal court. The paper illustrates how this debate over the degree of permissible judicial authority still continues today.
From the Paper
"The judiciary would represent one of the essential checks on the abuse of the new national power. A strong federal judicial branch would complement equally powerful legislative and executive branches. Similarly, in Federalist # 10, James Madison also argued for the importance of an all-embracing and powerful national government as an antidote to faction - "The influence of factious leaders may kindle a flame within their particular States but will be unable to spread a general conflagration through the other States." (Hamilton, Federalist # 9; Quinn, 1997, p. 77) A national system of courts would help smooth out the differences between the nation's various component parts."
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No Child Left Behind Act, 2006.
This paper discusses the controversial No Child Left Behind Act of 2001.
1,345 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, according to the United States Department of Education, the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) is necessary to promote scholastic achievement amongst American students by promoting stronger accountability, more freedom for states and communities, more choices for parents and proven education methods. The author points out that many people believe that it is a step in the right direction but see that it has some very serious flaws. The paper concludes that the real victims will be students left behind in failing schools because these schools do not possess the financial wherewithal to attract good teachers.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Defining NCLB and Parental Involvement
Stronger Accountability for Results
More Freedom for States and Communities
More Choices for Parents
Proven Education Methods
Economic, Social and Political Institutions or Players
Factual Analysis
From the Paper
"As it relates to political institution, this Act is one of the policies that have emerged during the Bush administration; making the Bush administration a major player in the implementation of the act. Although there are republicans that are supportive of this act, there are other Republicans and Democrats alike that do not believe it will accomplish the goal of leaving no child behind. This has made this Act a hot button issue in the political world. State governments also have a great deal to loose or gain through the implementation of the Act."
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Governmental Wiretapping, 2006.
A discussion regarding the use of wiretapping by the US government, even though it has been deemed illegal.
1,445 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the important questions of law that come into play when the topic of wiretapping is considered, even when it's the government doing the tapping. The paper further discusses how there are both federal and state statutes that govern the use of electronic recording equipment that make wiretapping of a conversation that the person is not a party to and without the consent of the parties involved, typically illegal. However, as a matter of national security, this is just what the United States government does each and every day. The paper reviews this issue and whether or not the government is justified in what, at first glance, appears to infringe on citizens' rights to privacy.
Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Wiretapping Overview
Wiretapping: A Historical Perspective
The NSA and Wiretapping
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Whether right or wrong, there is one thing for certain, wiretapping, by the government, has occurred for more than a century. Abraham Lincoln eavesdropped on telegraph conversations, during the American Civil War. Robert F. Kennedy used wiretapping to monitor the activity of Martin Luther King, Jr. Clinton's wiretapping led to the capture of Aldrich Ames, a former Soviet spy. And, most recently, in December 2005, George W. Bush was accused of violating the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act and the US Constitution with wiretapping activities that his administration has insisted is necessary to keep America safe from terrorism ("Telephone tapping", 2006).
In 1928, Olmstead v. United States was argued in the Supreme Court and examined the question of whether or not the use of wiretapped phone conversations, obtained by federal agents, without judicial approval, was a violation of the defendant's Fourth and Fifth Amendment rights. The court ruled, in a 5-4 vote, that the defendant's rights were not violated ("Olmstead", 2006). However, nearly forty years later, this decision would be overturned."
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"Power of the Powerless" by Vaclav Havel, 2006.
A review of the essay "Power of the Powerless" by Vaclav Havel.
965 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 0 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews "Power of the Powerless", the essay written by the last president of Czechoslovakia and the first president of the Czech Republic, Vaclav Havel. According to this paper, Havel views power as more than just the authority to govern or rule, and illustrates the personal, social and existential dimensions of power that governments wield over the people.
From the Paper
"Although the American government does not formally own the means of production as the Soviets did, governmental officials do indirectly control economic organizations through their corporate interests. For example, Vice President Dick Cheney is intimately tied with Halliburton, and the Bush family has its hands in numerous major economic powerhouse corporations including oil companies. Furthermore, Havel refers to consumerism in "Power of the Powerless" to illustrate the stranglehold of the consumer ideology over modern society. In the United States, the capitalist regime has become "almost a secularized religion. It of fears a ready answer to any question whatsoever; it can scarcely be accepted only in part." (II). That consumerism is a religion can be seen easily in the way people fetishize money and material goods, how people focus their time and energy on shopping, and how people value material goods often more than they value spiritual ideals. Havel notes that communism was also a lap dog of capitalism, just "another form of the consumer and industrial society, with all its concomitant social, intellectual, and psychological consequences. It is impossible to understand the nature of power in our system properly without taking this into account." (II). Therefore, power, for Havel, incorporates not only formal and legitimated forms of political control but also more subtle forms of mental manipulation."
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Illegal Gambling and Government Corruption, 2006.
A discussion on how illegal gambling and police corruption have been integral parts of organized crime since its inception in America.
2,372 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
The paper analyzes how all of the major organized crime syndicates have played a role in illegal gambling throughout the years, and how organized crime has always had some type of influence on police and government officials. The paper discusses how, from cities as far apart as Chicago, IL, Los Angeles, CA, and Honolulu, HI, and spanning time periods prior to the turn of the 19th century until modern times, investigations of illegal gambling rings have yielded shameful and surprising information about police involvement in organized crime. The paper further examines how society has a decline in confidence in police morality, especially since officials in the police departments have distanced themselves from scandals by claiming to have been unaware of any brewing issues. The paper concludes that the result of such action is that citizens believe that the government is unable or unwilling to properly supervise the very people placed in charge of maintaining law and order.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Honolulu, HI
Los Angeles, CA
Chicago, IL
Types of Corruption
Gambling's Correlation with Police Corruption
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The Honolulu gambling scandal came to light because of a federal lawsuit in which Detective Kenneth Kamakana made allegations that some of his fellow officers were involved in organized crime. Detective Kamakana was eventually removed from the CIU, which he claimed was a result of him providing secret tapes and documents to the FBI. Those tapes included a recording of CIU detectives, Alexander Ahlo and Milton Olmos, interviewing an indicted defendant, Marirose Tangi, while drinking at a bar. Ahlo conducted the interview in violation of advice given to the Honolulu Police Department by the FBI and the U.S. Attorney, both of which believed that interrogating a suspect without counsel could jeopardize the investigation. Ahlo claimed that the interview was regarding unrelated criminal matters, but the tape indicted that Ahlo and Tangi discussed the case."
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Information Systems, 2006.
This paper describes the role and uses of common information systems within non-profit organizations.
1,455 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that systems, which allow the human resource department to complete their role, are used by other departments; therefore, the human resource department also has responsibilities related to the use of the organization's information system. The author points out that customer relation management (CRM), a system to manage and organize customer information, can be used to manage other internal information stored in a central system, generally a database. The paper stresses that information technology has created massive amounts of data, which can be used to measure the organization's progress using criteria beyond financial data.
From the Paper
"Another use of information systems for human resource management is in the hiring and management of employees. Bernardin and Russell (352) describe how information systems can be used to skills inventories, which are defined as "files of data on employees' skills, abilities, experiences, and education." These systems are then used to help the organization utilize the skills of all employees. For example, if a new position is created within an organization, the human resource department might use the skills inventory to identify suitable candidates for the position."
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The Impact of FEMA on Hurricane Katrina's Aftermath, 2006.
An examination of the faults of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) following Hurricane Katrina.
1,780 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the failures of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), as witnessed by Americans in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. The article lists a timeline of events following the hurricane, as well as enumerates the errors made by FEMA and its results for the people of New Orleans.
From the Paper
"Chicago was not the only city to offer help and be declined . In the days following the hurricane, several local and state governments, corporations and nonprofit organizations across the United States offered to help in the relief effort, only to be declined by federal officials, who actually provided very little aid to the needy victims of the hurricane. Claiming security concerns, the Department of Homeland Security prevented the American Red Cross from entering New Orleans with food and supplies. Five hundred Floridian airboaters were prepared to rescue stranded victims, but FEMA turned them down. Many other cities and groups also had their offers refused."
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Police Brutality and Monetary Judgments, 2006.
A case study on police brutality and the resulting lawsuits, and the effect these have on government agencies.
2,708 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 81.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses police brutality and whether financial damages awarded equals justice. The paper further discusses the different degrees of brutality and the frequency of occurrence. The writer looks into the potential damages to public agencies and whether town, city and county governments face bankruptcy or financial ruin because of these judgments against them. In conclusion the paper examines whether this need to sue reflects problems in society and whether there is a cultural basis for it.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of the Study
Research Questions and Sub-Questions
Definition of Police Brutality
Limitations of Study
Brief Review of Related Literature
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"Part of the problem is most aspects of police abuse, its data collection and lawsuits resulting for "police brutality" is inadequate. Some cities do not even distinguish amounts paid in cases of misconduct, including excessive force, from damages arising because of traffic accidents. This allows lack of concrete data just allows the trend to continue. Other information includes a myriad of police actions not even associated with misconduct or monetary judgments, rather they are completely different police matters somehow thrown in the mix. For instance the data collection at Atlanta's police department had no system intact and one wonders why the agency out of cities surveyed pays the most lawsuits."
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The Australian Public Sector, 2005.
This paper discusses the concept of managing out the public sector in the Australian community.
1,190 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the community influences the public sector, re-emphasizing the importance of the collaboration between community, citizens and government agencies toward creating a solid, driven and contemporary organizational system. The author points out that contemporary agencies now understand that government agencies have a responsibility to be focused on citizens and customer service oriented instead of being process and procedure driven. The paper stresses that the role and responsibilities of middle managers have changed and will likely continue to change as organizational structures within public service organizations become less bureaucratic and monopolistic in upcoming years.
Table of Contents
Key Factors That Have Produced Greater Emphasis on Relationships
Key Differences in Analysts Views of Public Sector Agencies
Managing Out Imperative and Changing Managers Roles
From the Paper
"Multiple agencies have also expressed an interest in delivering processes which uphold more ethical standards, ones that can be easily identified and institutionalized; for this reason many agencies are working together to be more informed than they would be without communicating, and to improve not only the construction of but also the implementation of such regimes or policies. There has been great interest of late within the public sector for improving among other things ethics education, a sentiment expressed at the 5th International Ethics in Public Sector Conference held in Brisbane."
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The Bush Administration's Domestic Initiatives, 2006.
An examination of President George W. Bush's domestic policy with regard to Social Security.
2,727 words (approx. 10.9 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 81.95
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Abstract
The paper examines President George W. Bush's domestic policy of Social Security with regard to conflicting opinions on his mainstay approach towards Social Security. Entities presenting for and against opinions are then analyzed. The policy is assessed in light of scholarly opinions comprising of a thorough evaluations of what it entails, its chronological tabulation along with its significance to Bush's government. Further, the steps Bush has taken for the promulgation of his plan and the tactics he has adopted to garner support for the same are discussed. The entities responsible for implementing those policies are then identified. Finally the White House perception on the policy of Bush's policy of Social Security is then scrutinized.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Section I: Bush Administration
Section II: Arguments For and Arguments Against
Section III: Findings
Conclusion
From the Paper
"On August 2001, the commission came up with its interim plan outlining the state of current program. This report bred considerable controversy mainly on the Social Security Trust Fund and the overall undertakings of the plan. The commission however, submitted the final recommendations to the President in December 2001. It comprised of three separate reform proposals that were based on personal retirement accounts; each individual was required to pay benefits as high as the current program at a lower long term cost. This also aimed at providing workers with the opportunity to build assets and wealth in their personal accounts which they would control and own."
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Bureaucracy and Power in Human Services Organizations, 2006.
An in-depth analysis of the bureaucratic systems of government service operations and the benefits of restructuring the existing system of bureaucracy.
2,780 words (approx. 11.1 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 82.95
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Abstract
This paper reports that even though bureaucracy gives an impression of governmental departments like taxation, and welfare, it is actually found in almost every public spheres. Corporations, churches, the military, labor and trade unions, community centers, schools, hospitals all are essentially facilitated by certain bureaucratic components. Most people take them as important part of their lives, though not readily. However the best part of bureaucracy is that it provides a set of rules and procedures to set everything running in a proper order, transparently, and also ensures consistency and fairness acceptable to all. This paper focuses on evaluating the organizational and power structures while emphasizing the need for refurbishing Human Service Organization in Australia on the lines of bureaucratic organizations.
Introduction
Background
The Bureaucracy - Pros and Cons
The Power
Bureaucracy Concerns
Components of an Organization
Restructuring and Reengineering
Conclusion
From the Paper
"One of the major administrative foundations for the creation of bureaucracy is the exception principle. Therein only important and complex problems reach the higher ups while trivial routine issues are solved by the people in the lower levels. Programmed decisions are implemented automatically in accordance with the predefined operating procedures and the unusual problems requiring major decisions are routed to the top. This should make the hierarchy more effective. However there are problems related to the delegation and motivation in bureaucracy; delegating authority and power is not an easy task. It requires immense confidence in sub-ordinates and an immaculate efficacy of the system."
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African-American Housing Discrimination, 2006.
A thesis on Maryland's problem with African-American housing discrimination.
6,175 words (approx. 24.7 pages), 52 sources, MLA, $ 145.95
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Abstract
This thesis examines the reasons why blacks live in housing inferior to their white counterparts in the state of Maryland. The paper starts by giving a historical legal analysis, covering discrimination in housing from the late 1800s to today. The paper then discusses the numerous methods used to discriminate against African-Americans. The author looks at issues such as restrictive covenants, residential segregation ordinances, red lining and other real estate practices and the various forms of intimidation. The author looks at the impact of federal laws, and discusses the fact that the laws enacted by the U.S. government are not enough to rectify the housing situation of African-Americans living in Maryland.
From the Paper
"Corresponding to whites, blacks are more prone to have a lesser rate of home possession and to reside overfull, older, segregated, meager quality housing in essential cities of Maryland. So as to locate homes comparable to those of whites, blacks have got to recompense more and need to prevail over obstacles of either restrained or direct forms of racial prejudice. Statistics show that even today, in the State of Maryland, access to passable housing takes place along a color scale. Asians, for instance, have enhanced access to passable housing than other racial minorities, after that Hispanics and thereafter, American Indians. Blacks, generally, have not as much access to passable housing than other racial minorities in America, and black female-headed households have the least amount of access amongst all the minority groups."
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Transit Fleet Safety, 2006.
This paper discusses the safety programs for drivers of modern transit systems including under terror alerts.
1,600 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that there are some fundamental logistical issues involved in the planning process for maintaining transit system safety, which represent constraints as to how much information can be gathered and how it can be used; furthermore, there are a number of interest groups involved in the planning process that must be taken into account. The author points out that having a comprehensive transit system safety program has assumed increasing importance in recent years; there are a wide range of federal, state and local regulations to be considered while balancing the needs of their fleet drivers, political interest groups and energy conservation issues. The paper includes a listing of procedure requirements for the mass transit sector and its passengers under an elevated risk, Codes Yellow and Red such as expect traffic delays. Figure.
Table of Contents
Identifying Important Components of a Transit Fleet Safety Program
Review and Discussion
Planning Required for a Modern Transit System
Drug and Alcohol Programs for Fleet Drivers
Desirable Transit System Fleet Driver Qualifications
Procedures for Suspension and Revocation of Driving Privileges
List and Explanation of Security Watchwords for Fleet Driver
Procedures Required for a Severe Alert (Threat Condition Red)
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Drug and alcohol programs specifically designed for transit fleet drivers are not new, but they have been increasingly recognized as a vital component of an effective safety program. One of the first such initiatives was implemented in October 1990, by the Greyhound Corporation. The results of this early drug and alcohol testing program showed that there was an unacceptable rate of positive drug tests among the company's drivers and its applicants; these findings brought a significant amount of pressure to bear on transit system companies that provided service to the traveling public to implement such testing programs."
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Katrina: Post-Hurricane Failure in New Orleans, 2006.
The writer of this in-depth paper focuses on the resulting impact of the judicial and executive administration of justice in the city of New Orleans following the destruction and devastation brought on by Hurricane Katrina in August 2005.
3,094 words (approx. 12.4 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 90.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the various failings that took place in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina while also discussing the numerous occurrences of legal oversight by the state's administration in dealing with residents of affected areas. The purpose of this paper is to point out the state's faults and shortcomings in the aftermath of Katrina in an attempt to improve upon further efforts as they pertain to crisis situations that can and will occur in the future. This well-researched paper details the incidences of crime and looting that took place after the hurricane while examining the role of the police and other public officials that were to restore order during this time of panic and confusion. The writer looks at the impact and influence of outside agencies such as the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and the federal government who aided the city in the aftermath of Katrina. This paper also details the gross negligence and military police style tactics that were used against the victims of Katrina as they were simply trying to survive the unavoidable natural disaster that had struck their city.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction of Chapter One
Statement of Opportunity
Significance of the Project
Background and Setting
External and Internal Influences
Focus of the Project
Leadership and Growth Opportunities
Summary of Chapter One
Chapter Two - Introduction
Review of Related Literature
Findings of the Research
Chapter Three
Design and Objectives
Strategies of the Project
Appendix One
References
From the Paper
"Tragically, there are those who have paid more than prison time for being poor and black in Louisiana. Indeed many have paid the price with their very lives for they had no way to escape the approaching Category 5 hurricane. Many drowned, and it is amazing upon consideration, in the attics of their houses. Forty-five individuals that were hospitals patients at the time died in the hospitals due to what has been stated to be terrible conditions with a vile stench filling the hospital. School buses that should have and could have taken many of the tens of thousands stranded with the hurricane approaching to safety sat flooded out in parking lots. No one dreamed that this could happen in America. Indeed, the U.S. is ever-so-prepared for such things [i.e. for example: terrorists] that this should have never happened. The criminal justice system will now prepare itself to address the results of this tragic natural disaster and should bolster itself for a very long day in court."
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Combating Child Abuse, 2006.
The writer of this in-depth paper analyzes the issue of child abuse in America while also delving into the measures being taken to combat this growing trend.
4,282 words (approx. 17.1 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 113.95
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Abstract
This well-researched paper details the various forms of child abuse including sexual, physical, verbal and psychological as well as others. This paper delves into the long-term repercussions of child abuse which effects the lives of the victims years after the actual abuse ends. These long-term results are both numerous and varied and include: Depression, low self-esteem, learning difficulties, withdrawal, obsessive compulsive disorders and anxiety amongst others. This paper discusses the role law enforcement agencies play in protecting children from abuse. This writer examines the government's position on this specific issue while delving into the new laws being implemented to protect children. This paper also discusses the growing problem of child abuse in other countries such as India and Australia. The writer contends that while the current laws that demand certain professionals such as social workers, teachers and counselors report suspected cases of child abuse are in fact aiding in combating this problem much more still needs to be done. This paper contains the results of published studies and reports as well as relevant statistics and data pertaining to this particular topic.
From the Paper
"Society must respond to the fact that child abuse is still going on in the U.S. and the world today. Many different countries experience their own sting of child abuse in this day in age. In the book called Child abuse: A global view by Schwartz-Kenny, McCauley & Epstein experts from sixteen different countries are interviewed to discuss how the issues of child abuse and neglect, legal definitions of abuse, the prevalence of abuse, children's role in the legal system, and penalties for abusing a child. For example, Australia now recognizes that child abuse and neglect are more common that previously acknowledged. There has also been a growing realization that such abusive treatment endangers the physical, social, intellectual, and emotional development of affected children, and that corrective action is urgently required to minimize the long-term effects of abuse. Child abuse frequently goes unreported in Australia; therefore, there is a lack of data; however, a National Child Protection Council was introduced in 1993 by the National Child Protection Council."
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