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Nuclear Power, 2002.
A discussion of the arguments for and against nuclear power.
1,890 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how nuclear power is one of the most divisive issues in America today and how opponents of nuclear power have succeeded in convincing people to oppose the construction of new plants and to fight the relicensing of old plants. It puts forth some of the arguments from both sides to support their positions and looks at issues such as the question of safety and need for nuclear power plants and the of storing nuclear waste. It analyzes how proponents of nuclear power present convincing arguments for the continued and expanded uses of nuclear power in this country and how they claim that the objections raised by opponents lack validity and are contrary to the facts and our experience.
From the Paper
"The opponents of nuclear power focus on the inherent lack of safety that they believe that the use of nuclear power entails. This includes both the dangers of radiation from nuclear power plants and the possibility of a catastrophic accident. First, the opponents say that radiation levels are higher in areas around nuclear power plants, and this leads to an increased number of deaths from cancer. They cite the case of the Pilgrim Nuclear Power Station in Plymouth, Massachusetts that went online in 1988. Responding to the concerns of local residents, the state conducted a study which found that there were fifty percent more cancer cases in the five towns around the plant than there were in the rest of the state. The power company had said that people in the area would receive 400 times less radiation from the plant than they would from natural sources. Further studies showed that the risk of getting cancer was four times higher for people living within ten miles of the plant than for other parts of the state. "
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Quasi-Public Privatized Spaces, 2002.
A discussion of the increase of quasi-public privatized spaces using Universal?s City Walk, Los Angeles as an example.
2,283 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how public space should be democratically organized to support communal usage from people in all walks of life and how today access to true public space has become a scarcity. It evaluates how people are more commonly flocking to quasi-public privatized spaces such as Universal?s City Walk, which is representative of a typical sequestered quasi-public space. It looks at how it is surrounded by high fences, set high upon a hill, how visitors are required to follow strict guidelines and how their activity is monitored. It analyzes how the development of quasi-privatized spaces such as City Walk are more representative of a demoralizing and hierarchical society, where certain groups feel more privileged than others. It shows how by creating walled cities and gated communities, Americans are shutting themselves off and creating exclusive mini-communities, that have nothing to do with democracy and everything to do with exclusion.
From the Paper
"The creation of such quasi-public spaces are actually much more representative of the increasing paranoia that exists throughout the nation in urban cities like LA. Universal?s City Park was created for the purpose of expression of the ideas and desires of a small group of people, not representative of the community as a whole, inclusive in reality of vagabonds and the elite alike. Steven Flusty, in his work ?Building Paranoia? also describes the Park as a ?Jittery Space.?
He describes this as "space that cannot be utilized unobserved due to active monitoring by roving patrols and/or remote technologies feeding to security stations." People entering City Walk are subject to constant monitoring, whether on the walkways, in the shops or by the fountains. "
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Clinical Trials, 2002.
A discussion of clinical trial management practices in the United States and Europe.
1,495 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper examines clinical trial management practices and how they vary in the United States and Europe as a result of wide-ranging governmental bodies and regulations. It compares and contrasts the rules of the the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States and its equivalent in Europe, the European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products (EMEA). In particular, it provides a brief analysis of several areas involved with oncology clinical trial management in the United States and Europe, including a discussion of medical ethics, the role of the Institutional Review Board in clinical trials, quality of life issues and health economics in oncology studies. It also looks at investigator attitudes towards clinical trials, clinical trial length, compliance and decisions regarding new drug applications (NDAs).
From the Paper
"Investigator attitudes towards clinical trials vary widely and are often dependent upon the investigator?s direct involvement in the clinical trial as well as the balance between routine patient care and clinical trial management. According to Abelson, Welch, and Lynch (86), ?In a trial, the clinician?s judgment carries a lot of weight. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration bases approval of drugs upon a clinician?s judgment of who should be in the trial, how to categorize adverse events, whether there is a drug interaction and the interpretation of specific parameters. These judgments are critical.? Investigators are ultimately responsible for all areas of the study, from recruitment and participant selection to event reporting and monitoring."
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Fund Raising for Non-Profit Organizations, 2002.
This paper looks closely at non-profit organizations, studying what makes an organization non-profit and how these organizations generate volunteers and raise funds.
2,113 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
The writer asserts that it is not so easy to define non-profit. Typically non-profit organizations exist to improve societal conditions or to advance a specific cause; however, non-profit organizations are significantly diverse in size, origin, finances and types of activities. The paper looks at the difficulties in attaching the title 'non-profit' to an organization.
From the Paper
"According to Frances Hesselbein, president of the Peter F. Drucker Foundation for Nonprofit Management there are 20 million non-profits worldwide, generating one trillion dollars USD in revenue annually; they change lives and build community and as such, represent a mighty force with immense capabilities. While nonprofit organizations enjoy a moral and philanthropic foundation of support based upon donors? views as to causes worthy of support from which to gather and dispense charitable resources, nonprofits do exist in a global marketplace. Only 27 percent of their revenue from private gifts, so their relationships with the business community are extensive. (Hammack and Young, 1993.)"
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News Media Accounts of Presidential Elections, 2002.
This paper looks at how the news media have fed a distorted image to the American public for years.
4,074 words (approx. 16.3 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 109.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the most recent American elections and the relationship between the candidates and the media, specifically the Clinton and Dole election campaigns of 1996. The paper also discusses how the candidates were treated by the news media.
From the Paper
"Life on the campaign trail has often been likened to life inside a bubble with journalists trapped inside a mechanism that doesn?t let much contact with the outside world filter through. Long days and long weeks of living within the campaign environment, following the schedules each candidate has laid out, taking pictures only when you are told it is okay to do so; as one author puts it journalists are ?invariably sucked in by the campaign?s gravitational pull, ever struggling with the loss of perspective that threatens to portray campaign news with a refracting lens.? In this one perspective journalists have historically been too involved in the campaign, and too controlled by it. News media, most prolifically the television news media, have been forced to rely heavily on the campaign for a good portion of their information. When a campaign is run with media savvy, knowing the restraints and deadlines journalists face, it is that much easier to get your candidate?s ?message? on the air."
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A Comparison of Modern Democracy and Classical Athenian Democracy, 2002.
This paper looks at several significant differences between modern constitutional democracies and the democracy of classical Athens.
864 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
The writer shows that even though the classical Athenian democracy was a major step forward in political thought, at its height there were still many areas in which it was decidedly unlike any democracy existing today. The paper divides these differences into three major categories: differences in who could vote, in the type of representation, and in the overall participation factor.
From the Paper
"One major and clearly recognizable difference is that in the Athenian democracy there was only a certain selected element of the population that was allowed to vote. This difference in voting behavior stems from the fact that the Athenian social and economic system was supportive of the suppression of groups of people according to gender and background in ways that are not acceptable in today?s western cultures."
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Public Interest, 2002.
A discussion of the decision-making considerations of public administrators.
2,245 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how decision-making is an important process, which needs to consider many different viewpoints and interests and how in every sphere of private and public administration it is critical to take into account the interests of those who would be affected by a decision in order to be able to make the right decision. It evaluates how public administrators are more likely to encounter severe criticism if a decision goes wrong or is considered ineffective or self-serving than a private corporation and how a public administrator is therefore required to create awareness regarding the long-term effects of an action before it is claimed to be in public?s best interest. In other words, while actions taken under normative theoretical approach are easier to understand, those undertaken through other models may lead to confusion and conflict. It shows how effective communication and access to correct information can minimize the risks of such conflicts.
From the Paper
"This is because while private firms are answerable to the community and its own employers to a certain limited extent, the pubic organizations are accountable for every action as they claim to be making decisions in the public interest. However the concept of public interest is highly ambiguous and controversial in nature as public administrators are unable to define the term effectively. The inability to define public interest leads to many governance problems not to mention major and minor conflicts over the possible short and long-term effects of a certain decision."
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Solitary Confinement, 2002.
A discussion of the effects of solitary confinement on the criminal justice system of a just and moral society.
1,049 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the practice of confining a prisoner to a state prison offering only the most minimal of human contact remains as controversial as it is well-established. It looks at the history of the practice and analyzes how the reasoning behind the action often is described as being proactive but whether to protect the prisoner from harm at the hands of other inmates or to minimize his own potential for harming others, it cannot be denied that the step also represents a profound form of punishment. It puts forward the argument of how a nation which proudly bears the banner of ?human rights? when negotiating with other countries can continue to exercise an activity which, in the minds of many, is a very real form of psychological torture.
Outline
Introduction (Posing the Question)
Super-Max Prisons (Defining the Activity)
The Residents (Those Who Live In Solitary Confinement)
Cruel and Unusual? (Can We Afford to Continue?)
From the Paper
"The effectiveness of solitary confinement promoted its widespread use throughout the following centuries within the borders of the United States. There were occasional variations of the theme, such as in the early existence of the very famous Alcatraz Prison, where prisoners were allowed to physically associate but were strictly forbidden to speak to one another. But in general, the original blueprint remained the most widely-utilized model while evolving toward the exaggeration of the concept, the ?Super-Max? prisons. "
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Effective Communications Training, 2002.
A discussion of effective communications training in healthcare facilities.
815 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how, within the field of healthcare, there is an identifiable need to implement an effective form of communication and how personnel at all levels may need instruction for appropriate use of these communication skills. It summarizes how these facilities would allow for training which would implement communication technology such as, voicemail and email with acknowledgment, cellular telephones for mobile communication and improved support for role based contact and message screening. It looks at how the healthcare facility would benefit tremendously with greater communication and develop more successful relationships with their patients and how this training would prove to be cost effective and how the long term use of better communication would help all people involved to benefit from the use of effective communication skills.
From the Paper
"There currently is a need for individual healthcare workers to consider carefully the effects of their communication behavior on their own efficiency and effectiveness as well as on that of others. Ineffective communication behaviors may result in an interruptive work place, which possibly contribute to inefficiency in work practice. People working in the healthcare area are highly mobile during their working day. The mobility of staff and the difficulty contacting these "moving targets" suggest that support for mobility through the use of wireless technology, such as cellular telephones or pagers might be beneficial."
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Counseling, 2002.
A discussion on the differences between the American Association of Pastoral Counselors (AAPC), the American Association of Christian Counselors (AACC) and the American Counseling Association (ACA).
1,091 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the differences among the code of ethics of the organizations listed above. It examines how many of the divergent codes are attributable to the religious affiliation of the AAPC accompanied by the not-for-profit roots of religious organizations. It evaluates how religion appears in referral policies and attitudes about the imposition of values in the AACC and AAPC and how religion seems to underlie these group?s codes for therapist/client relationships and termination policies whereas the ACA is more liberal toward making profits as evidenced by policies regarding fees, record ownership, advertising and testing, to name a few.
From the Paper
"There are no major differences among the confidentiality and conflict of interest mandates of the three groups. They respect a client?s right to privacy and avoid disclosures of confidential information. All allow for confidentiality breaches only when the law requires it or if the client or someone else faces danger because of the client?s actions. The AACC, the AAPC, and the ACA discourage dual relationships with clients that could affect the counseling relationship or present the opportunity for personal gain."
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Diversity in the Workplace, 2002.
An analysis of the effect of cultural diversity in the workplace and the use of diversity programs.
2,857 words (approx. 11.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 84.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the issues relating to diversity in the workplace and why this diversity is essential to the globalization of a corporation as it promotes customer relations, product innovation and investment opportunities. In particular it investigates diversity programs and their impact on racial and ethical relations in the workplace. Through a literature review, it examines how programs such as affirmative action have created hostility and racial tension due to white racism and how the current diversity programs have created ethical tensions due to their inclusivity of a broad spectrum of people. It examines how racial tensions lower morale and have a negative influence on the attitudes of employees. It concludes with an explanation of why these programs are necessary and important and are here to stay despite their seemingly ineffectiveness.
From the Paper
"In the years following the formation of the Philadelphia Plan the concept of affirmative action was created. Affirmative action was designed to give minorities a fair opportunity to gain the education and employment that only whites had access to. Today the term affirmative action has been replaced with ?diversity programs?. While the basic concepts of the terms are virtually identical there are some obvious differences in their definitions. Affirmative action was designed primarily to help ethnic minorities while diversity programs cover a broader range of people to include homosexuals and those with physical and mental handicaps."
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Women in U.S. Prisons, 2002.
A discussion of the injustices in the U.S. women?s prison system.
1,473 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at how the justice system is designed to enact punishment on those who have committed a crime, but how for many women incarcerated in the United States the prison system is nothing less than a torture chamber. It examines how for these women, sexual abuse and gross misconduct at the hands of those who are supposed to protect them are commonplace. It provides statistics on women in U.S prisons, an outline of specific issues faced by female prisoners and why these conditions actually exist. It concludes with possible solutions to these problems and current investigations by groups such as Amnesty International.
From the Paper
"Women are being sold as sex slaves to male inmates. (Ruggiero) If this was not deplorable enough, the guards themselves are using the women for their own sexual pleasure. The incidence of rape, defined as sexual intercourse with a woman by a man without her consent and chiefly by force or deception, (Webster?s Online Dictionary) is a ?fairly rare phenomenon?. (Olson) This by no means belittles the unjust sexual relationships occurring. The officers are using their position of power to force the inmates to have sex with them so in effect that is rape."
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Public Sector Human Resources, 2002.
A discussion of the changing role of human resource management in the public sector.
3,326 words (approx. 13.3 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
This paper outlines the issues relating to human resource management in the public sector, evaluates probable trends in the field's future and analyzes the efficacy of recent reform efforts. It examines how, in contrast to the private sector marketplace which leads the world in productivity, innovation, and wealth creation because it allows the market influences of free enterprise, competition, risk and reward to find their own equilibrium, the public sector has regulated these factors out of much of its daily business activity. It explores how the public sector health and human resources marketplace must find pathways to embrace these free market principles if it genuinely desires to also be known as a world class provider of goods and services.
Outline:
Introduction: The Public Sector in a Changing Social Environment
The Setting: Competing Views of the Workforce
Political Considerations
Patronage, Civil Service, and Privatization
Techniques for Defining Change
Compensation
Recruitment
Reinventing
The Issues in the Public Sector
Problems for Unions and Management
Equal Employment Opportunity and Affirmative Action
Conclusion
From the Paper
"HR managers have been forced to adjust their thinking as well. The tasks which they perform have not changed, but the manner in which they perform their tasks has been revolutionized by computers, the internet, a workforce with a greater average educational level, and a greater level of customers? expectations, and a greater level of government involvement. These forces have also forced a change in the workforce. Many employees, whether in the private or public sector, are no longer content to find a 40 to 45 hour per week job."
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Aid to Dependent Corporations, 2002.
This paper is an essay which discusses the heavy U.S. revenue losses because of corporate subsidies and other special rebates.
875 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 1 source, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses that business are taking undue advantage of favorable federal revenue policies. The paper points out that businesses are using government money to develop products that they then turn around and sell to the public at very high prices. The author feels that these advantages must be eliminated to support the common welfare of the country.
From the Paper
"One by one our leading business corporations are reeling under accounting scams. I need not mention how well such a giant corporation like ?Enron? managed to disguise its financial information from the government and the stockholders. In the prevailing scenario I agree with the author that the government needs to exercise care before granting corporate privileges. Businesses are exploiting the loopholes in tax laws by clever manipulations. One such debatable issue is the ?Foreign tax credit? scheme. The government of United States has lost billions of dollars from multinational corporations in the name of deductions for taxes paid to other nations. "
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Supervising Police Personnel, 2002.
Asking the question of whether the police officers are always the "good guys" and what is done when they also transgress the law.
3,254 words (approx. 13.0 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 93.95
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Abstract
This paper examines whether there is enough done to police officers who take "law enforcement" too far, including acts of excessive violence, property damage, theft and murder. The paper asks who should be responsible for this type of supervision and bases its answers on the book "Supervising Police Personnel" by Whisenand and Rush. It explains how in the book the writers provides recommended guidelines for a supervisor to be aware of potential "law breaking" cops and how to direct the entire police force into healthy work habits.
From the Paper
"How many police shows have aired on television over the past 20 years? Yet in every show, from the Hill Street Blues to NYPD Blue, a single theme has been present that was used to identify the ?god guys? and the ?bad guys.? This theme didn?t change, whether the ?bad guys? were the crooks, or crooked cops. To a man, the police who solved the case, or brought the gangster to justice were those who took personal responsibility for their actions, and their beat. It was personal to them. Whether the TV cop solved the case of the missing cat, or brought down a drug king pin, the viewer watched a portrayal of a man or woman who took his or her responsibility to their job, and community very personally."
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