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Is Wire-Tapping Constitutional?, 2008.
This paper argues that the wire-tapping program of the United States government is necessary in today's world.
3,257 words (approx. 13.0 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 93.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the provisions of the United States Constitution as well as pertinent federal statutes that are affected by wire-tapping. The paper looks briefly at previous decisions of the United States Supreme Court vis-a-vis government wire-tapping. The paper argues that a solution to government wire-tapping is for a constitutional amendment to be passed authorizing its use - but only if specific criteria are satisfied. The paper then discusses the social implications of the proposed solution.
Outline:
Introduction
Statement of the Constitutional Issue
Research on the Issue: Federal Statutes and Court Precedents
Proposed Solution with Supporting Argument
Social Policy Implications of Proposed Solution
From the Paper
"The constitutional issue at the heart of the ongoing controversy over the government wire-tapping initiative comes down to Article II of the United States Constitution. Among other things, this article gives the President the power to serve as Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy as well as the authority to preside over the militia of the nation's states; he or she also has the power to make treaties and these treaties are binding as long as two-thirds of the Senate is in accord. In the overview, Article II appears to give the President considerable scope or latitude in the realm of national defense. With this in mind, it may be argued that the White House's wire-tapping initiative is validated by the explicit obligation the President has to protect the well-being of the nation in times of peril."
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Rhetoric of the War on Terror vs. the Cold War, 2008.
An analysis of the power of the definition of terms such as "Cold War" and "War on Terror."
1,288 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper compares the rhetoric and arguments that surround the Cold War and the War on Terror. It discusses how the definition of terms such as "Cold War" or "War on Terror" has a large impact upon how these wars are viewed. The paper argues that those who define and utilize the terms, primarily governments, often do so with ulterior motives, with the understanding that the one who controls the definition also controls the methodology of approach and influences public attitudes.
From the Paper
"The orthodox interpretation of the Cold War, for instance, stated that the beginning of the Cold War can be traced to the Soviet attempt to expand its sphere of control into Eastern Europe. This theory notes that the Soviets violated treaties made during the war to limit its reach. Thus, the U.S. is portrayed as acting in a purely defensive way to protect itself and stem the expansion of communism worldwide, through such strategies as the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan. This standard view of the Cold War, which certainly had much evidence in its favor, began to be questioned in the 1960s, as the failure of the Vietnam War, then a major theater of operations in which the U.S. faced off the communist expansion, became impossible to ignore. Some writers around that time began to argue that the U.S. itself was an "empire" with global reach, not unlike many other empires throughout history, and thus was not solely in a defensive position against its opponent. More recent writers, notably Noam Chomsky, make a similar argument. Related to this critique of U.S. actions is the argument that the U.S. economic motivation, to force all nations in the world to open themselves to U.S. trade and economic influence, is also a source of worldwide conflict and opposition, both during the Cold War and during the current War on Terror (Richelson and Evans)."
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Information Systems and Security, 2008.
This paper critically examines the information systems of the United States with regards to the struggle against terrorism.
2,977 words (approx. 11.9 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 87.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and looks at how the United States' information systems fail to meet the tests of universality and of platform and operating systems compatibility. The paper then looks at how border security and the war against bioterrorism have been facilitated by cutting-edge technologies that are compromised by the same interoperability issues. The paper concludes that the failings of the DHS is proof that a more streamlined, centralized data-gathering and data-exchange process is needed.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Information Systems and Standards Universality, Oversight and Compatibility: the Case of the United States Government
Federal Information Systems and the Border
A brief Look at Federal information Systems and Bioterrorism
Future Vision
Conclusions/Summary
From the Paper
"A Government Accountability Office Study conducted in June of 2005 found many problems with the information system in place at the Department of Homeland Security - problems that clearly reveal logistical and planning problems that must be overcome both in the public and in the private realms if the terrorist threat is to be appreciably reduced. To begin with, if the DHS is to be held up as an example, the United States government has done a desultory job of putting in place universal information security practices and controls. Things like a proper risk assessment, security plan, a regime of security tests and evaluations, remedial action plans, and a structure for the continuity of operations have (in one way or another) fallen short of expectations or have simply been absent (Government Accountability Office, 2005)."
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The Russian Revolution of 1917, 2008.
A comparative book review of John Reed's 'Ten Days That Shook the World', Edward Carr's 'The Bolshevik Revolution, 1917-1923,' and Robert Service's 'Lenin: A Biography'.
2,339 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This comparative book review compares and contrasts three books about the Russian Revolution of 1917: John Reed's 'Ten Days That Shook the World', Edward Carr's 'The Bolshevik Revolution, 1917-1923,' and Robert Service's 'Lenin: A Biography'. The writer notes that these books have been selected for comparative review because they provide a broad range of perspectives on the revolution. The writer points out that all three authors agree that successful revolutions require leaders of charisma who can personify the ideology, revolutionary sentiments, and political aspirations of the citizenry. They agree as well that in the critical autumn of 1917, Lenin possessed these qualities in abundance. The writer concludes that despite their different perspectives, all three authors agree that through his leadership, Lenin forced his political enemies and rivals to react to what he was doing instead of vice versa, and in turbulent and unpredictable revolutions, that is a decisive advantage.
From the Paper
"But because Lenin recognized that political, economic, and social conditions in Russia had not developed enough to attempt a proletarian revolution, he focused his efforts on developing a class consciousness in the Russian proletariat. Lenin and Russian Marxists understood that once this proletarian consciousness was developed, the proletariat would understand the need to destroy bourgeois culture elements such as religion, private ownership of property, the corrupt legal system, and the capitalist economic system. Consequently, they knew that many political, economic, and social changes would need to be made in the aftermath of a successful proletarian revolution, and that this would require ruthless determination because strong resistance would be inevitable."
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The U.S. F-1 Student Visa, 2008.
This paper looks at the eligibility guidelines of the F-1 Student Visa as well as its essential purpose.
883 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how long the F-1 Student Visa is usually valid, whether or not an alien can work while in possession of an F-1 Student Visa and whether it is possible for the holder of a student visa to switch to another designation while in the United States. The paper shows how there are relatively few restrictions placed upon aliens entering America for educational purposes. The paper points out, however, that this is dependent on the foreign student keeping the government apprised of any changes to his status and always having the proper documentation.
From the Paper
"To begin with, the F-1 visa application has very specific eligibility guidelines for interested individuals. For one thing, an applicant for a U.S. student visa must be coming to the United States in order to pursue an academic program in an institution recognized by the United States government. In a related vein, the alien must have a "valid education purpose" for coming to America and he or she can only stay in the United States on an F1 visa for as long as he or she is enrolled in school (United States Immigration Support, para.2). Suffice it to say, the F-1 visa adheres to fairly strict timelines and guidelines when it comes to who can, and who cannot, enter the United States of America."
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George W. Bush: A Cultural Icon, 2008.
A strong argument that claims George W. Bush is a cultural icon who has abused his power.
2,111 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
The paper asserts that George W. Bush is a cultural icon who embodies the positive and negative aspects of American culture. The paper explains why political strategist Karl Rove crafted a public image of Bush as an icon and as a compassionate conservative, pro-life Christian who supports family values, is pro-military and is a tax cutter. The paper contends that this image has been shattered because of his criminal incompetence, reliance upon systematic deceit and abuses of power unparalleled in American political history. The paper includes source material.
From the Paper
"Initially, this strategy of presenting Bush to the American public as an icon was very successful, for conservative voters have always longed for an iconic leader who symbolizes positive American traits and characteristics. President Ronald Reagan fulfilled that longing a generation ago and has been deified ever since by conservatives as the ideal American president. For the same reason, George W. Bush was groomed and marketed to the public during his two terms as governor of Texas as the conservative heir of Ronald Reagan, and that effort continued throughout the early years of Bush's presidency."
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Homeland Security, 2008.
A look at the work of The Homeland Security Department.
1,247 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the work of The Homeland Security Department - the specific federal agency charged with coordinating all manner of security measures to fight terrorism and to address other broad-based threats to public safety. The author reveals that the effectiveness of the strategy for homeland security is a matter for discussion, and how effective it has been is a matter of some controversy.
From the Paper
"The impetus for the passage of the law and for the creation of the Homeland Security Department was the same, that being the 9-11 attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon in 2001. The term "homeland security" became w3idely known after that event, and the phrase served as a symbol and a goal, the preservation of the security of the homeland. Homeland security then became a policy concept, leading to the decision by President George W. Bush to release his National Strategy for Homeland Security on July 15, 2002. At that time, the concept was defined as "a concerted national effort to prevent terrorist attacks within the United States, reduce America's vulnerability to terrorism, and minimize the damage and recover from attacks that do occur."
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Karl Marx and His Challenge of Liberalism, 2008.
An examination of Karl Marx's challenge to liberalism in "The Communist Manifesto."
1,831 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how Karl Marx challenged liberalism in works such as "The Communist Manifesto", in which he condemned capitalism and predicted that the exploited working classes of capitalistic societies would become alienated and overthrow the system of capitalism. The paper explains that Marx was convinced that once liberalism was discredited and capitalism was overthrown, there would be a brief period of rule by the dictatorship of the proletariat and then the classless society of communism would emerge. The paper also discusses how Marx believed that working class Germans should be the chief focus of his revolutionary efforts because the political consciousness of the proletariat in Germany was more developed than in any other country in Europe. The paper then examines liberalism and its impact on society, in order to fully analyze Marx's challenges to liberalism.
From the Paper
"Marx believed that many political, economic, and social changes would be necessary in the aftermath of a proletarian revolution, for in his view, the only way the proletariat could free itself from exploitation was to abolish capitalism. In achieving this goal, the proletariat would have to destroy every remnant of bourgeois liberal culture because this culture perpetuated their misery. Family, religion, the worship of personalities, morality, and the legal system would all have to be abolished. According to Marx, the result of this abolishment would be "an association in which the free development of each is the condition for the development of all.""
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Accountability for Education, 2008.
This paper discusses the No Child Left Behind program, arguing its ineffectiveness.
1,253 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that the so-called No Child Left Behind program has been a key educational initiative promoted by the Bush Administration, which claims that the program means accountability, that children are helped by the program, and that the program should in fact be expanded so as to assure that children receive the education they deserve. On the other hand, the writer notes that critics find that the law is ineffective, that the program does not serve the needs of children at all, that what happens is that teaching is changed so everyone teaches to the test so children can pass, that children are not really being educated at all and that the program might work if redesigned. The writer maintains that the evidence does show that the program does more to make schools look good to parents without actually improving education. The writer concludes that teaching to make certain students pass a standardized test does little to educate those children in how to think, and the test only gives political leaders a false belief that they are improving education and accountability when they are only adding a new layer of uncertainty and confusion.
From the Paper
"Critics of the legislation see it as a broad attack on public education in favor of federal control. The irony is that this approach comes from the Republican Party, which has long fought against any federal role in education at all, and in truth, even under the No Child Left Behind Act the party only sees value in federal control if the federal government is controlled by Republicans.
"Criticisms of the No Child Left Behind program come from several different perspectives. One group sees the program as another unfounded federal mandate, and more than 20 states and school districts across the country have objected to the regulations and with the way the program is funded. A survey in 2005 showed that almost half the stets then had testing programs in place for reading and math, but the report also showed that the number of schools cited as needing improvement had doubled over the last year."
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The U.S. and the International Criminal Court, 2008.
This paper focuses on the opposition of the United States to the establishment of the International Criminal Court.
958 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how despite the admirable goals of the International Criminal Court (ICC), the Bush Administration opposed its establishment and is resisting its authority. The paper explains the Bush Administration's claim that the ICC would be misused by smaller countries and render American military personnel and government officials vulnerable to war crimes charges. The paper concludes that as long as the United States actively opposes the ICC, it will find it difficult to establish itself as an effective international judicial body.
From the Paper
"McPherson (1992) notes that the goals of such a court reflect the broad international consensus that judicial proceedings involving international disputes should be administered by a court that has truly global jurisdiction and is not hindered or restricted by international politics. Through such a court, the laws of sovereign states could no longer be ignored by any nation or citizen of any nation, and disputes between citizens or companies from different nations could be settled by an impartial court with worldwide jurisdiction."
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Personal Liability from IDEA, 2008.
This article looks at the implications of IDEA with regards to the personal liability of the school administrators involved.
1,189 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the 'Individuals with Disabilities Education Action' (IDEA) was originally enacted as the Education for All Handicapped Children Act. The writer explains that the intent of the law was to support all states and local governments, departments of educations and school boards to meet the individual educational requirements of children with disabilities that before the enactment of this legislation had been either barred from education, or relegated to secondary status in separate facilities that did not attempt to educate these children. The writer points out that there has been significant progress in the educational outcome of these children, as well as significant litigation. The writer concludes that it is unfortunate that the motivating factor for some school administrators is a direct threat to their personal financial well being, however the true beneficiary of these prospective legal actions is the individual student and society at large.
From the Paper
"In Goleta, a student with special needs, Andrew Ordway, was placed in a school, and School District filed suit against the student and the custodial parent, Cynthia Ordway after a California Department of Education Hearing found that the student was denied his rights to a FAPE as provided by IDEA. The hearing found that the student was placed without proper review of the educational options available, and in compliance with IDEA. The custodial parent counter sued and filed against the director of Special Education, Diana Rigby, for persona liability for the costs associated with the proper placement of Andrew. In general, actions by school officials fall under immunity from personally liability due to indemnity of employees by the state in the course and actions of their official duties. The important ramifications of Section 504, conferring constitutionally protected rights of education that enable the placement of personal liability upon state employees if they abuse their authority "under the color of law"."
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"All the King's Men", 2008.
This paper discusses how R. Warren composed "All the King's Men" as a reflection of the betrayal between politicians and the public.
1,210 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that while Warren's work "All the King's Men" was a fictionalized account of politics in the old South, the writing was also an expression of the issues that plagued political institutions in Warren's time. The paper brings research that shows how corruption, supported by betrayal, was a key factor in how politics functioned and how people achieved positions of power.
From the Paper
"Warren (1996) composed All the King's Men as a means of exploring politics and the betrayal that exists between politicians, between constituent and leader and of the self. Prescott (1946) contends that Warren's work was a method for the writer to examine the actions of Huey Long, a once prominent politician who "looted Louisiana" and left many citizens with a weary eye toward the political realm (para. 4). Therefore, the betrayal that Warren (1996) writes about is founded in corruption and the struggle for power between politicians. As the struggle ensues, politicians betray their followers because lies are more effective at in winning votes than the truth. Yet, it is evident that regardless of the momentary glory that the characters achieve in most cases, that glory is overshadowed by the reality of their actions and the knowledge that their efforts required them to betray themselves."
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Economic Development and Enterprise Zones, 2008.
An analysis of the purpose and implications of enterprise zones and minority, women and disadvantaged business enterprise programs in North Carolina.
1,349 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the implications of economic development, particularly in the form of enterprise zones. The paper defines enterprise zones and discusses their purpose, and focuses on the strengthening of enterprise zones in the state of North Carolina. The paper also looks at the cost benefit analysis and the incentives for the government to set up th development programs in the form of minority, women and disadvantaged business enterprise (MWDBE) programs. Finally, the paper looks at the ethical consequences associated with the programs.
Table of Contents:
Enterprise Zones
Enterprise Zone and Economic Development
Cost Benefit Analysis
Incentives
Ethical Consequences
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The city of Charlotte focuses consistently on the needs of the community and the ethical standards that are essential in evaluating programs and the populations that those programs affect ("City", 2006, p. 14). In some locations the economic development initiatives that have been attempted through the creation of enterprise zones have not been affective because of the government's willingness to bend rules regarding enterprise zone policies and support wealthy business owners. Yet, in North Carolina this issue was alleviated with the changes in the policies associated with enterprise zones in 1999. It is for this reason that it is evident that the inclusion of MWBDE businesses within enterprise zones in North Carolina would be handled with the utmost ethical considerations, leading to a successful partnership between enterprise zones and the disadvantaged businesses in the zone areas."
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Macroeconomic Trends in the US, 2008.
The paper examines aspects of the US economy, including the general trends of the goods market, money market and international market.
2,039 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the change in real GDP, drop in imports and increase in exports in the US economy. The paper looks at the government's budget for fiscal year 2008 and includes a projection/forecast for specific sectors, so that there can be a general understanding of the facets of the general equilibrium model and the expected future changes in the model. The paper discusses the current outlook for the US as one plagued with low growth levels and high inflation.
Outline:
Introduction
Understanding Output in the United States: A Short-Run Forecast
Understanding Inflation & Unemployment in the United States: A Short-Run Forecast
International Economics: The US Economy Trade Outlook
The IS/LM/BP Model: A Comprehensive Look at the Macro-economy of the United States
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) increased by 2.5 percent over the last quarter of 2006 and by 2.0 percent in the third quarter of 2006("GDP News Release" para 7). GDP is the measure total output in the society, with real GDP being the purchasing power of that output. An increase in real GDP therefore implies that there was economic growth. The increase was primarily driven by increases in consumption, government spending and a decrease in imports.
"When real GDP increases, the society is on a higher production possibility curve, and can produce more of all goods, which is where the concept of economic growth is highlighted."
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"The Naked Crowd" by Jeffrey Rosen, 2008.
A review of the book "The Naked Crowd" by Jeffrey Rosen.
1,318 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper examines Joseph Rosen's text, "The Naked Crowd". The paper argues that Rosen's central thesis is strong, but that some of his characterizations of those who fear the worst if a comprehensive surveillance system is not put in place across America to thwart things like terrorism are excessively simplistic. The paper points out that, while lucid and well-written, a case can be made that Rosen's suggestion that Congress is a better protector of privacy rights than the courts, is one that certainly needs to be called into question. The writer believes that Rosen's book is a welcome addition to the literature - but certainly not impervious to criticism.
From the Paper
"Joseph Rosen's text begins by first looking at how biometrics firms - far more so than any other American businesses after 9/11 - gained from the brutal terrorist attacks that took so many lives. What made the matter so ironic was that, far from deterring crime, reliable empirical studies suggested that biometrical technologies did nothing at all to lower violent crime rates. Despite, discrete surveillance cameras became the new "in thing" in America - just as they had, for a variety of other reasons, become popular in Great Britain during the 1990s."
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