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Hurricane Katrina, 2008.
An examination of the way the American government tried to manage hurricane Katrina.
2,462 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 75.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the steps taken by the government of New Orleans and President Bush to try and manage hurricane Katerina. It explains how people evacuated the city and how some were unable to leave. The writer criticizes President Bush for not acting sooner and points out that by many accounts, many average Americans understood more of the disaster in New Orleans that the President did. The writer discusses how in the electoral debates of 2000, Mr. Bush had said natural disasters are a "time to test your mettle", but Bush failed with Katrina as he seemed overwhelmed with the problem and confused and defensive about what to do. The writer points out that confronted with the crisis in New Orleans, Mr. Bush was unable to summon either clear thinking or firm governance. The writer concludes by asking how a system that is meant to protect its people failed so badly.
From the Paper
"On Sunday, August 28, New Orleans Ray Nagin asked residents to evacuate the city. (Newsweek 2005a p. 46b) Nagin had actually delayed the evacuation notice, giving up on valuable time to mobilize resources, because any evacuation would disrupt a tourism based economy. If Nagin evacuated unnecessarily, he would cost the city millions of dollars per day in lost revenue. (Time, 2005a; Newsweek, 2005a) Even as he called for evacuation, Nagin acted tentatively, apparently unsure at the outset that he could make the evacuation mandatory. Later he was advised that he did have authority to order a mandatory evacuation."
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The National Rifle Association, 2008.
This paper examines the history of the National Rifle Association (NRA), its organization, tactics, principles and record as a lobbying body.
1,450 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, in 1871, the National Rifle Association (NRA) was organized by two Union army officers, who were upset by the poor marksmanship of their troops during the Civil War, to provide civilians with firearms training and to encourage shooting sports. The author points out that the NRA established a Legislative Affairs Division in 1934 and, forty-one years later, the Institute for Legislative Action to lobby legislators actively. The paper relates that the organization's emphasis upon the utility of guns in protecting law-abiding citizens is a major reason for the NRA's success. The author concludes that, while NRA is often criticized sharply, it deserves credit for its political acumen, for spearheading gun education initiatives and for introducing the "other side" in the gun control debate.
From the Paper
"Not to be overlooked, the NRA is not afraid to play "hard-ball" as its punitive campaign against House Republican Peter P. Smith a number of years ago makes clear; in fact, the NRA - by as early as the late 1980s - was well-known on Capitol Hill for its ambitious mass-mailing programs and for its ability to mobilize its membership (and presumably sympathetic private citizens, as well) to "flood" representatives with letter and mailgrams. In addition to the tactics discussed above, the NRA has become well-known for distributing copies of videotape outlining its position on controversial issues ..."
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Machiavelli's "The Prince", 2008.
This paper discusses how Niccolo di Bernardo Machiavelli's political thinking was profoundly shaped by lessons of history.
850 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at Machiavelli's "The Prince" and his controversial political teachings that a wise prince should not feel himself bound by morals but should consider the needs of the state. The paper discusses how Machiavelli draws lessons from classical and recent history that are always filtered through his real-world experience. The paper maintains that it is this grounding in real-world historical examples that distinguishes Machiavelli's political guides from that of earlier theorists and supports the continuing validity of his work even in the present day.
From the Paper
"In contrast to earlier political philosophers such as Plato or Aristotle, whose political theories are primarily based upon logical argument with "real-world" political illustrations and applications being secondary, Machiavelli's political thinking was profoundly shaped by the lessons of history as filtered through the contemporary political events of his own time. For example, the political battles and intrigues of the Medici family, who dominated Florence through much of Machiavelli's youth, gave him insights into both successful and flawed political strategic thinking. In Machiavelli's The Prince and The Discourses he explores how past and present political events can be viewed as examples that illustrate general political rules or maxims which can guide a leader or prince in political action (Bondanella and Musa 1979). As modern scholars note, this characteristic of Machiavelli's work distinguishes him from earlier philosophers, and grounds his political theory in real-world experience."
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The Separation of Powers, 2008.
This paper illustrates the importance of the separation of powers in British law.
1,782 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the doctrine of separation of powers that requires that each branch of the government not encroach on the domain of the other. The paper compares the British Constitution to the American Constitution. The paper then looks at the establishment of the Gun Courts in Jamaica and the Home Secretary's decision to enforce a greater sentence on the young murderers of James Bulger and explains how these rulings were inconsistent with the separation of powers. The paper shows how when the public outcry is at its height, decisions are taken that override the separation of powers and place the rights of the individual at risk.
From the Paper
"The British system has both the judiciary and the legislature creating the law, it is equally difficult to see the separation of power. Starting from the Lord Diplock's statement on separation powers and its firm root in the history of the British constitution, the history of its evolution begins in the mid 5th century. (Knappen p. 3) The study of the development of the constitution is as much a study of the history of the British Isles as it is a legal review. The British constitution is a reflection of the history of the British people. There have been many attempts to have a constitutional convention and produce a single written document, but the constitution is in essence rewritten every time Parliament passes a new piece of legislation. The sovereignty of Parliament has always remained paramount in the establishment of a separation of powers."
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Censorship, Propaganda and Globalization, 2008.
This paper presents the thesis that media conglomerates and oil corporations use deliberate strategies of censorship, propaganda and globalization to discredit the effectiveness of government.
1,552 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
The paper contends that large corporations utilize strategies of censorship, propaganda and globalization that alienates the populace and destroys people's faith in being governed. The paper explains that this is in order to restructure a supra-capitalist, technocratic society. The paper shows the difference between censorship and propaganda and discusses how globalization can cause a level of propaganda that leads people to believe that censorship is what they want and need.
From the Paper
"What is the difference between censorship and propaganda? "Intelligent men must realize that propaganda is the modern instrument by which they can fight for productive ends and help to bring order out of chaos" (Bernays 168) . Censorship is the "suppression of information, whether purposeful or not, by any method--including bias, omission, underreporting or censorship--that prevents the public from understanding what is happening in society" (Jensen 419) . Webster is more to the point. A censor is one "who reads communications and deletes forbidden material" (Webster 135) . Since there are many different kinds of information or knowledge in society that need to be forbidden because they are harmful to certain groups (i.e., the use of drugs, pornography, assault weapons), what rationale legitimizes suppressed information as forbidden and therefore potentially harmful? The rationale is "to bring order out of chaos" by the instrument of propaganda: "the conscious and intelligent manipulation of the masses" (Bernays 37)."
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The Patriot Act: An Essential Weapon, 2008.
This paper presents arguments in favor of the USA Patriot Act of 2001.
2,158 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
The paper attempts to demonstrate that the USA Patriot Act is a prudent and necessary legislation to protect the United States from the real threat of terrorism. The paper argues that the perceived threat to our civil liberties is unfounded. The paper compares the provisions of the Act to truly outrageous actions taken in the past by a government in crisis, such as the Alien Sedition Acts of 1798 and the suspension of habeas corpus by President Lincoln.
From the Paper
"The USA Patriot Act is the often discussed, much maligned, and little understood legislation that was put forward in response to the tragic aftermath of the 9/11 attacks that destroyed the World Trade Center in New York, heavily damaged the Pentagon in Washington D.C., and left a crater in Shanksville, Pennsylvania as a testimony to the heroics of ordinary citizens faced with the new reality of life during the first war of this young century. This abbreviated name wrongly suggests a simple law, and has been the target of many groups citing the end of personal civil liberties and the coming of a new police state. Nothing could be farther from the truth, in fact, this Act is extremely complex, far less reactionary that previous laws enacted during wartime, and fundamentally necessary to protect our fellow citizens from another early morning tragedy to unfold on live television."
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"Tamburlaine the Great", 2008.
An analysis of "Tamburlaine the Great Parts One and Two," edited by Christopher Marlowe, Edward Esche and David Fuller and how it can be taught in terms of Marxist literary criticism.
3,127 words (approx. 12.5 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 91.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the teaching of "Tamburlaine the Great Parts One and Two," edited by Christopher Marlowe, Edward Esche and David Fuller. It particularly looks at the play in terms of Marxist literary criticism. The paper describes Marx' views and presents the content of the play. It then discusses how the two can be related to one another, particularly in terms of their teaching. The paper includes an annotated bibliography.
Table of Contents:
Marxist Literary Criticism
Teaching Literature
Teaching Marxist Criticism
Teaching Tamburlaine
Politics
Power
Religion
Manly Men
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The second incident takes place when Tamburlaine burns the Koran, challenging Mahomet to punish him. Although he is later struck with illness, this act is a declaration of God's power and Mahomet's powerlessness: Mahomet can not prevent Tamburlaine from destroying the Koran, despite his ability to descend from the sky and interact with human beings (Dailey 158).
"These two passages can be read with an eye to Marxist literary criticism. In both scenes, religion is the source of conflict and destruction. A Marxist reading of this play would necessarily be compelled to examine these scenes, given Karl Marx's opinion on religion."
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The USA's Dominance, 2008.
This paper discusses the USA's military and cultural domination of the world.
2,031 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
The paper argues that the USA has achieved its position of dominance by exporting and imposing its culture and values, as well as by developing a very powerful army. The paper shows how cultural and military dominance are closely inter-related because they support and reinforce each other. The paper portrays how today the USA continues to succeed in extending its military and cultural hegemony over the entire world.
From the Paper
"There is clear evidence that the USA is utilizing its huge army to dominate the world. This is shown by the fact that - although it is nominally a member of organizations such as the United Nations - it nevertheless will defy such organizations when it sees fit. For example, the United Nations opposed the invasion of Iraq in 2003. However, the USA went ahead with the invasion anyway, defying the United Nations. This was despite the fact that Iraq had never threatened the USA in any way. As we know, this war has turned into what many regard as another Vietnam - an un-winnable, apparently endless war in which thousands of lives are being squandered for no good reason."
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Population and Immigration, 2008.
This paper looks at the issues of population and immigration with a specific focus upon the United States.
1,148 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer looks at immigration and at its dramatic impact upon nations forced to grapple with a massive influx of newcomers. In particular, the paper looks at the political consequences of some ethnic and racial groups gaining ascendancy while others fall into relative eclipse. The writer also looks at how changes in the composition of the professional classes brought about by migratory inflows can precipitate hostility and resentment among the native-born. Additionally, the paper discusses how large-scale immigration can lead to transformations in social programs and policies and also to cultural transformations bearing with them significant political implications. Finally, the impact of immigration vis-a-vis crime levels is looked at - specifically as it pertains to the United States and its ongoing problem with illegal immigration. In the end, this paper concludes that the cultural and political dissonances produced by immigration can be curbed through acculturation, through strict enforcement of pre-existing immigration law, and through an end to divisive politics and policies that divide Americans along ethnic and racial lines.
From the Paper
"To begin with, it is fairly evident that immigration will shape the population of a country in ways that almost no other phenomenon can. For example, a nation with a declining birth rate among the native-born will invariably need to draw upon outsiders if it is to satiate the business community's demand for labor and if it is to find a sufficient base of tax-paying, full-time workers capable of subsidizing costly social programs. Suffice it to say, this influx can result in the absolute increase of some ethnic and racial groups along with a concomitant increase in their political efficacy; at the same time, other pre-existing groups within the host nation may see their relative share of the population decline and, along with it, their political influence decline. Unsurprisingly, there are those who fear that illegal immigrants - at least within the United States - can unduly impact congressional races simply because U.S. courts have traditionally taken the view that even illegal residents count when districts are being apportioned and gerrymandered. Still, as significant as these electoral matters are, they scarcely begin to describe the sweeping effect of immigration - legal and otherwise - upon recipient nations."
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Cultural Sensitivity in the Child Welfare System, 2008.
An analysis of the importance of improved cultural sensitivity within the child welfare system.
3,229 words (approx. 12.9 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 93.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the importance of improvements in cultural sensitivity in the child welfare system of the United States. It discusses the reasons for these requirements and how it would help to make the organization an effective entity within society. It also looks at the role of the leadership within the child welfare system in supporting and promoting this cultural sensitivity.
From the Paper
"The research supports the concept that child welfare agencies would benefit from developing culturally sensitive environments. This is evidenced through systems approaches that acknowledge that all elements within a system, or culture, should be considered as a means of understanding the system. Additionally, culturally sensitive environments can be impacted by the workers that support the organization and the leadership styles that inspire workers to meet new objectives and visions for a culturally sensitive workplace."
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A Democracy or Oligarchy?, 2008.
This paper explores the voter apathy in the American midterm elections of 2006.
2,614 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 78.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that a democracy is a form of government where the majority rules and selects the leaders. The paper discusses how, in the case of American Democracy, the majority of the electorate is not interested in participating in the process. The paper asserts that this apathy of a large portion of the population should be alarming, but it is met by the same apathy as the voters exhibit. The paper proposes that the midterm elections of 2006 were an example of an oligarchy due to apathy, where the decision of governance was in the hands of a few persons.
From the Paper
"The Fifth Edition of Black's Law Dictionary defines Democracy as "That form of government in which the sovereign power resides in and is exercised by the whole body of free citizens directly or indirectly through a system of representation, as distinguished from a monarchy, aristocracy, or oligarchy". (Black 1979) This form of government, that is held dear and touted by the citizenry, and as Black said is distinguished from a monarchy, ruled by a king, an aristocracy, ruled by the privileged, or an oligarchy, ruled by the few, manages to only garner a minority of its citizens to participate in its elections. The United States Election Project of George Mason University (www.elections.gmu.edu) document the participation rates in elections, and of the 226,357,772 voting age members of the population, excluding ineligible 1.3 million in prison, 2.4 million on probation, half a million on parole, 2.99 million convicted felons, 3.3 million overseas, only 85.3 million found time to participate in the mid-term elections of November of 2006. (www.elections.gmu.edu 2006)"
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The Patriot Act: A Constitutional Challenge, 2008.
This paper critically examines the USA Patriot Act and how it challenges the Constitution.
5,396 words (approx. 21.6 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 132.95
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Abstract
The paper reviews the reasons behind the Patriot Act's formulation and passage into law in order to explain why millions of Americans were willing to cast the Constitution aside in the name of national security. The paper explores the critical responses to this Act and the Constitutional challenges it presents. The paper strongly contends that
Constitutional challenges to the Patriot Act should be intensively pursued and asserts that this Act is a travesty of democracy. A large amount of source material is appended to the paper.
Outline:
Introduction
Background and History of USA Patriot Act Origination
Critical Responses to Patriot Act
Content and Implications of Patriot Act
Reasons for Constitutional Challenge
Content of 8 USC 1182
Amendment Issues
Case Law Discussion
Implications of Future Terrorist Attacks
Recommendations
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In stating the problems presented by the USA Patriot Act and in examining its background, it is necessary to review the reasons for its formulation and passage into law, for they explain why millions of Americans have been willing to cast the Constitution aside in the name of national security. This Act emerged into the national consciousness just eight days after the al-Qaeda terrorist attacks on the Pentagon and the World Trade Center, when the Bush Administration made a legislative proposal that has become known as the USA Patriot Act. (Balkin)"
"Critics contend that the proposal was not the product of a carefully considered examination of the failures and deficiencies of the American law enforcement and intelligence agencies that allowed the attacks to succeed, but was little more than a collection of questionable old conservative agendas that were taken off the shelf and introduced by the Bush Administration in the form of vital new powers the federal government needed to protect the United States from terrorism. (Brunswick)"
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Department of Homeland Security, 2008.
This paper examines the origins of the Department of Homeland Security and proposes some modifications to its structure.
927 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how the Department of Homeland Security arose from the legislative efforts of politicians from both political parties working out compromises. The paper explains that the end result is a piece of legislation acceptable to the majority and although not ideal from one perspective, it is a workable framework to build on. The paper discusses how the legislative process will change some of the aspects of the Department of Homeland Security.
From the Paper
"The devastating attacks of September 11, 2001 taught us two things: first that we are no longer safe from large scale terrorist attacks in our homeland, and second that the Federal government needed to redirect its resources in a coherent manner to fulfill its Constitutional obligations to "provide for the common defense, ...and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our posterity..." ("Constitution," n.d.) To this ends the Congress passed the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (H.R. 5005-8). The stated purpose of the act was to prevent terrorism, reduce vulnerability, and assist in the recovery from any attacks. (H.R. 5005-8 101) The Act directed the reorganization of several portions of the Executive Branch of the Federal Government to create a more focused and efficient means of accomplishing these goals. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) was thus created. (www.dhs.gov)"
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Environmental Terrorism, 2007.
This paper discuses environmental terrorism and analyzes the Gulf War oil spill of 1991 as an example.
3,035 words (approx. 12.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that environmental terrorism is one of the most significant terrorist tactics that not only impacts multiple nations but also serves to destroy the livelihood of the natural environment. The author relates that the Gulf War oil spill annihilated an entire shoreline and was responsible for billions of dollars in reconstruction and economic fallout. The paper emphasizes that Saddam Hussein's intent was not only a military strategy as a reactive and symbolic agent to the U.S. intervention, but was also an ideological principle rather than malice towards the environment. The author points out that, nonetheless, the Persian Gulf oil spill demonstrates strong similarities to the model of environmental terrorism developed by Daniel Schwartz and contains a number of characteristics that classify it as an act of environmental terror.
Table of Contents:
Terrorism on the Rise
Environmental Destruction as a Symbol
The Persian Gulf War
The Oil Spill: Historical Review
Terrorism Defined
Terrorism during War
Modeling Environmental Terrorism
The Justification for Environmental Terrorism
The Persian Gulf Oil Spill: Terrorism and Justification
From the Paper
"Saddam Hussein's invasion of Kuwait in 1990 would be the introduction of the United States involvement in Middle East affairs. Hussein's stranglehold upon the citizens of Iraq was known across the world; with his intolerance to those who dissented by government or religion feeling the wrath of his punishment. Notable acts of genocide against Kurds and Shiite Muslims in the 1980's brought his notoriety to the international scene. However, the Iraqi oil reserves were not to be rivaled by many countries, and Hussein's invasion of Iraq only served to increase the country's wealth."
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A Review of Fascism, 2007.
A review of the book "Fascism: Comparison and Definition" by Stanley Payne.
1,318 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 0 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at how Stanley Payne attempts to define fascism in his book "Fascism: Comparison and Definition". The paper explains that in order to address the challenge of fascism, we must understand what fascism is. The paper discusses how fascism went through a series of stages in Italy and Germany and how Hitler created what was arguably the purest fascist state, although it did not conform fully to the principles of fascism. The paper notes that Spain and Portugal represent two other case studies for Payne, but he finds in neither of them the true fascist regime. The writer points out that Payne covered a tremendous range of sources ,as the footnotes throughout the book show, but unfortunately Payne leaves a much more profound question unasked and unanswered: Do we need to re-examine the history and meaning of fascism to determine if it is becoming a prevalent force in parts of the world that Payne found no reason to discuss, and is the United States in danger of becoming fascist?
From the Paper
"Payne reviews the antecedents of modern fascism and finds these in the "corporatist" movement, a movement which sought to combined social orders under an authoritarian government working closely with business cartels, in reaction to chaotic individualism.(23-24 ) It was also a reaction to the splintered state of many democratic movements (25-26), and a neomonarchist movement (27-29), and a support movement for imperialist policies. (29-31) All of these forces converged at a time of terrible cultural crisis as the First World War tore Europe and European sensibilities to pieces. In the psychological void that followed, many people found comfort in the simplicity of authoritarian answer."
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