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Systems of Government, 2007.
A comparison of the strengths and weaknesses of the parliamentary and presidential systems of government.
2,358 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the relative strengths and weaknesses of the parliamentary and presidential systems of government. It discusses various aspects of each form of government and compares their pros and cons. The paper specifically focuses on the issue of separation of power or the ability to limit the amount of power awarded to the head of state. The paper presents examples primarily from the United States and Canada.
From the Paper
"Another important difference between Presidential and Parliamentary systems of government has to do with the relative ease with which heads of state may be dismissed. As we noted, in a Presidential system of government, presidents serve for a fixed period of time. In practice, this tends to mean that a president must be utterly outrageous in order to be ousted - and even then, he may sometimes manage to cling onto power. For example, Richard Nixon is the only American president who has ever been forced to resign. Other American presidents have managed to survive massive scandals. These include President John F. Kennedy, who survived a scandal over the untimely death by drug overdose of actress Marilyn Monroe in 1962; Bill Clinton, a married man and president who weathered the embarrassment of being publicly exposed as having had oral sex with an aide, Monica Lewinsky (Sands, 2000); and currently President Bush, who not only survived but was able to be elected for a second term of office, despite having lied to his people about the existence of so-called weapons of mass destruction in Iraq. (Roper, 2004)"
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American Foreign Policy, 2007.
This paper provides a critique of American foreign policy.
1,954 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the foreign policy of the United States of America in regard to such diverse areas as the Cold War, the U.S. relationship with China and the U.S. conflicts with Iraq, presents challenges to any analyst. The writer argues that these challenges stem from the fact that U.S. foreign policy is rarely cohesive across the broad spectrum of international relations. The writer notes that in both the strengths and weaknesses of American foreign policy from the Cold War to the War on Terror/Long War, a complex range of contributing factors determine the shape of U.S. foreign policy in ways that often differ radically from one theater of operations to another.
Outline:
Introduction
The United States and the Cold War
The United States and China
The United States and Iraq
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In critically evaluating the course of American foreign policy from the Cold War to the present it is necessary to look beneath the surfaces of international relations to consider a range of contributing factors that may have shaped American foreign policy in ways that do not seem immediately apparent upon initial examination."
"The Cold War represents just such a situation, for while it may seem initially to have been a conflict between two pre-eminent superpowers - the United State and the U.S.S.R. - at the end of the Second World War, many observers have argued that Western European nations played a primary role in persuading a reluctant United States to become engaged in Europe as a counter-balance to the Soviet Union."
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Security Council Reform, 2007.
An analysis of the proposed reforms for the United Nations security council.
1,524 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews the debate over the need for reform of the United Nations (UN) security council. It provides a history of the security council and discusses the proposed reforms. The paper argues that security council reform is both necessary and yet unlikely for the foreseeable future given the conflicting national interests of the current Veto-holding permanent members of the security council.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
The Origins and Structure of the Security Council
The Current Reform Proposals
Two-Track Reform and the Resistance to Change
From the Paper
"In general, there exist two tracks or reform paths that are currently being pursued at the international level. The first of these is a proposal by the Group of Four (G4) countries (Japan, Germany, Brazil and India) that would give them, along with two African nations, permanent seats at the Security Council, with three new rotating memberships. This would expand the total membership of the Security Council to 25. The second was the more vague proposal, made by the Secretary Generals Panel of Eminent Persons in 2005, that did not endorse a specific plan but rather two general options for reform: (1) increasing the number of permanent and non-permanent members; or (2) enlarging the Council only with non-permanent members, but whose terms are longer than the current two year limit and who have the capacity to run for re-election (Crook 2005; Forman 2005)."
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Long-Term Care, 2007.
This paper explores long-term health care financial reforms.
3,909 words (approx. 15.6 pages), 17 sources, APA, $ 106.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at three methods of funding long-term healthcare, none of which are effective for those of middle and lower financial status. The paper researches what reform measures are required to achieve higher quality, cost efficiency and consumer satisfaction. The paper therefore examines the viable alternatives to long-term care financing by examining self-pay, private insurance and the Medicaid system. The paper provides a literature search and recommends alternative sources of funding.
Outline:
Executive summary
Introduction
Research question
Methodology
Results/Discussion
Recommendations
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The financial ability to provide for long-term care (LTC) services comes from one of three sources: private pay, long-term care private insurance or from public programs such as Medicaid ("Insider's guide," 2001). LTC is a topic few aging adults want to think about, however, statistics state by 2030 70 million people will be 65 years of age or older, more than double the number of senior citizens in 1999 (Moses, 2002a). Other statistics state that if an individual lives to 65 years of age or older, a 48 percent probability exists the individual will be placed in a nursing home with a coexisting 71.8% risk for the need to utilize home health care (Health Insurance Association of America, 1997 as cited by "Insider's guide," 2001)."
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Classical Liberalism, 2007.
An analysis of the history, development and threats to classical liberalism.
2,140 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses classical liberalism and the threats and challenges that it faces from other ideologies. It looks at the reasons that classical liberalism may be undermined to such a degree that some form of theocratic ideology replaces it. Additionally, the paper describes the history and development of classical liberalism and its influence in politics and society in general.
From the Paper
"Analyzing these issues in the context of classical liberalism's survival in the twenty-first century reveals that liberal doctrines of individual rights and citizenship are always threatened because of fundamental flaws in human nature, especially self-interest and self-righteousness. Most social, political, economic, and religious actions people engage in are self-serving. They rationalize this, and persuade themselves and others that they are acting in the best interests of society, but this is little more than self-delusion."
"Fortunately, classical liberalism has survived the tensions and challenges imposed by other ideologies, for as Churchill observed, despite its flaws and the flaws of its citizens, liberal societies are like a life raft. The raft may leak constantly, may be rocked by rough waters, and may be navigated by unscrupulous captains, but it rarely sinks because the bonds that hold it together are stronger than the currents pulling it apart."
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United States, Canada and Global Warming, 2007.
This paper compares the U.S. and Canadian policies regarding climate change.
1,553 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
The paper outlines the anthropogenic causes of global warming, the evidence of its existence and some of the differing ways in which the U.S. and Canada are approaching the issue of climate change. The paper discusses how, while Canada appears sincere in its efforts to adhere to Kyoto Protocol requirements, it seems to be actually achieving less than the United States.
From the Paper
"The causes of global warming are many. Most notably, carbon dioxide and methane gas emissions - be they from power plants, from vehicles, from planes, or from man-made structures/installations - serve to facilitate global warming insofar as CO2 and methane gas molecules (as well as Chloroflurocarbon molecules) "trap" long-wave radiation, otherwise known as "heat", and prevent it from escaping into space. Suffice it to say, the more CO2, Chlorofluorcarbons and methane present in the atmosphere, the more global temperatures will climb (Collins, para.5 and para.8-10). All in all, the accumulation of CO2 and methane in the atmosphere and the attendant higher temperatures mean the slow deterioration of vulnerable ecosystems - such as the two Artic Poles - that are not designed to accommodate rapid temperature increase."
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Hillary Clinton, 2007.
This paper discusses Hillary Clinton as a Democratic presidential candidate.
1,556 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper describes Hillary Clinton's role in the White House as First Lady and looks at critics that speak out against Mrs. Clinton's political career. The paper also examines her present policy positions, popularity and skills. The paper is of the opinion that Mrs. Clinton has proven herself to be a good leader, taking action in many different areas of concern to the nation.
Outline:
Background
Policy Positions
This Campaign and Beyond
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Even as early as former president Bill Clinton's inauguration in 1993, Hillary Clinton was a force to contend with. Early on, Mrs. Clinton received serious criticism for expanding the First Lady's role in the White House. Despite this criticism, as well as criticism on personal issues, Mrs. Clinton's strength of will and determination to succeed have contributed to the achievements that have led to her current position. These factors also contribute to the possible Democratic nomination of Hillary Clinton for presidential candidate."
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Canada's Electoral System, 2007.
This paper discusses the plurality and democratic ideals of the electoral system in Canada.
1,328 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that in the last few years, the Canadian election system has been revised to reflect the changing and developing nature of Canadian politics. The paper discusses the goal of ensuring that the electoral process retains its plurality and untainted representative character. The paper looks at legislation that ensures equal and fair media access to all officially registered political parties and their candidates. The paper concludes that Canada's electorate appears to be one of the most forward thinking electorates in the developed world.
From the Paper
"Canadian electoral processes are contained in a series of laws that span canonist topics from elections themselves to media, but all combine to form a comprehensive set electoral policies codified through law: Canada Elections Act, Electoral Boundaries Readjustment Act, the Criminal Code, Income Tax Act, and the Broadcasting Act ("Electoral"). This series of comprehensive laws has been in development since the 1860s following the founding of Canada. As evidence of Canadian election law's ever expanding plurality one need only examine the severe constraints upon who could vote early in the country's history. Initially, only male Caucasians were allowed to vote even this early white male suffrage was limited by certain property restrictions (Studlar pars.4-10). Eventually all adult males were added to the voting eligibility roster with women later being included."
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Michael Collins, 2007.
This paper discusses the guerilla tactics used by Michael Collins in Ireland.
713 words (approx. 2.9 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 25.95
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Abstract
The paper shows how, like most controversial political figures, Collins was both admired and despised. The paper explains that loyal supporters of Collins saw him as a fighter for Irish freedom and independence, while the British and some in Ireland saw him as a violent radical. The paper discusses the film "Michael Collins" by Neil Jordan that illustrates Collin's tactics of guerrilla warfare and shows how violence inevitably has tragic consequences.
From the Paper
"Like most controversial political figures, Michael Collins was both admired and despised. The adage that one man's terrorist is another man's freedom fighter definitely applies to Collins, for he was idolized across much of Ireland as a patriot, but was condemned by the British as a villain. Loyal supporters of Collins saw him as a fighter for Irish freedom and independence, while the British and some in Ireland saw him as a violent radical."
"In his film "Michael Collins" Director Neil Jordan (1996) portrays the violent final hours of the Easter Rising, during which British troops suppressed the rebellion and executed the Irish leaders by firing squad. Jordan's portrayal of the guerilla tactics of Michael Collins reveals why the British considered him a terrorist, for he targeted the British leadership in Ireland for assassination in order to create chaos and compel the British to grant the Irish independence."
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National Security in Canada, 2007.
This paper examines the threat the new national security regime poses to Canadians.
1,321 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
The paper reviews the Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness Agency of Canada (PSEPC) and the Canadian Border Services Agency (CBSA) in order to assess if these organizations are infringing upon the privacy of Canadians and whether this infringement is justifiable. The paper discusses the Canadian Constitution and how the new security regime has the potential to undermine certain sections of it, posing risks to privacy rights.
From the Paper
"There can be little doubt that national security has become a major preoccupation of the Canadian government in light of the events of 9/11. According to the Canadian government - and to similar materials contained in our course notes - the national security plan emerging from that traumatic event is explicitly committed to protecting Canadians at home and where they reside abroad; the plan also mandates that the federal government do whatever it can to ensure Canada does not become a base for terrorist threats directed against allies - most notably the United States (Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness Canada, "Securing an Open Society: Canada's National Security Policy," para.1-5)."
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National Emergency Management, 2007.
This paper examines national emergency laws in Japan, the United States, Canada, China and India and what they reveal about national concerns and agendas.
3,678 words (approx. 14.7 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 102.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how, with regard to national emergency laws, Japan, the United States and Canada focus on man-made disasters, whereas China and India emphasize naturally-occurring events. The paper shows how, while all five countries adhere to the same basic approach of contemplating mitigation, vulnerability and recovery, the United States and India have produced extensive and impressive bureaucratic responses to recent events while other nations have lagged behind. The paper discusses how different nations' plans are a direct reflection on what they feel are most threatening to their future security and well-being.
From the Paper
"Japan is the first of the nation's whose national emergency management will be reviewed and it does indeed provide an interesting case. Specifically, it is appropriate to look at Japan's recent national emergency legislation - legislation designed specifically to give that country greater military freedom in the event of external attack or even threat. To begin with, 2003 saw the Japanese Parliament or Diet approve three contingency bills - the Bill to Respond to Armed Attack, the Bill for Revision on the Law Governing the Security Council of Japan, the Bill for Revision on the Self-Defense Forces (SDF) Law. Essentially, these bills - which are quite complex pieces of legislation - permit the Japanese government to disavow the "abandoning war" commitment delineated in Article 9 of the national Constitution; in a closely-related vein, injunctions against strengthening or broadening the country's military operations and development have now been cast aside."
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Social Welfare, Globalization and Great Britain, 2007.
A research proposal examining the impact of globalization on the European welfare state.
759 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
The author discusses a research proposal that will focus on the impact of globalization on Great Britain, particularly in terms of input and policy issues relating to social welfare. The author plans to study political conditions in Great Britain before and after globalization emerged in order to determine why the social welfare state developed differently in Great Britain compared to other Western European states. The author also discusses the type of source materials he/she will use.
From the Paper
"Taking this approach will enable me to determine why the social welfare state developed differently in Great Britain compared to other Western European states. In general terms, it was directly experienced by every citizen through higher taxes or social welfare economic relief as it evolved throughout Western Europe, but there was a considerable difference in social welfare policies and structure between these countries because of different political, economic, social, and cultural factors unique to each of them."
"The type of materials I plan to use will include political science, economics, history, and sociology texts, for these sources will provide information regarding the presence or absence of powerful trade union movements, the motivations of elites, the influence of external threats, the degree of social homogeneity or heterogeneity, the extent of stability or turmoil in the immediate historical context, and the cultural values and traditions of Great Britain. All of these factors influenced the rise and fall of the social welfare state in the UK, so source material focusing on the impact of these factors will have to be consulted and cited."
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The Swiss Health Care System, 2007.
An analysis of the positive and negative aspects of the Swiss health care system.
1,801 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a description of the Swiss health care system and discusses the positive and negative aspects of that system. The paper discusses the impact of the high costs of the system in Switzerland and examines the concerns about equality of access and whether quality of care is a privilege for certain classes. The paper briefly considers whether the Swiss system would be effective in Canada.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Swiss Health Care System
Positive Aspects of the Swiss System
Negative Aspects of the System
Conclusions
From the Paper
"Fees in Switzerland are not uniform. The amount paid by an insurance company depends on the specific services provided and, more importantly, vary from one canton to another. The fee schedules for each canton are approved by the cantonal government after they have been negotiated between the providers and the insurance companies. The Swiss are involved in risky venture since in 2003 they voted against a proposal to link health insurance premiums to income. The plan would have resulted in significant increases in premiums for the wealthy and would have aligned the Swiss system with the remainder of Europe (Mbitha-Schmid, 2003). To offset the impressive hospital infrastructure in Switzerland, the drawback is that lengths of hospital stay are comparatively long. Directly related to this, the amounts of health care expenditure which are spent on hospital care are the highest of any country in Europe (Mbitha-Schmid, 2003)."
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Inflation Targeting, 2007.
This paper discusses inflation targeting, with a focus on Canada.
969 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that the approach of trying to control inflation through economic policies or monetary policies is considered inflation targeting. The paper discusses the difference between New Zealand and Canada's policies. The paper shows how the overall framework for inflation targeting has been seen to be extremely important and effective.
From the Paper
"Inflation targeting began in New Zealand, which is truly familiar with the Asian community in terms of developing a small and open economy adjusting to a new capital account, exchange rate and deregulated financial markets. In other words, inflation targeting requires a public message of numerical intentions for price increases for the upcoming years."
"As this may be bothersome to some and may regard inflation as the plague, governments try to censor it by implementing conventional and viable economic and monetary policies. The approach of trying to control inflation through economic policies or monetary policies is considered inflation targeting."
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| Term Paper # 100088 |
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