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The Failed Iraq War, 2008.
A forceful argument against America's policy in Iraq.
1,085 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
The paper presents the arguments that the "war on terrorism" has unacceptable costs for the United States and is doomed to failure. The paper points out flaws in American military strategies and claims that they have led to insurgency, violence and an ineffective Iraqi army. The writer even claims that American actions so antagonize Iraqis that they are creating terrorists faster than they are killing them. The paper contends that success could be had only by annihilating Iraq, the nation they are supposedly trying to save. The paper concludes that this war on terror cannot and should not go on.
From the Paper
"Following the attacks of September 11, 2001, the world seemed united in condemning as an assault on civilization.1 With frustrating haste, the United States squandered world support by going to war against Iraq on March 20, 2003. Within days, American forces occupied that country, neutralizing all formal opposition. Unfortunately, defeating the Iraqi army was only the beginning of the American role in Iraq, and for its continuation, the United States has proven wholly unprepared. Entering Iraq with unreasonable expectations that we would be welcomed as liberators, America brought a force that, for all its hardware, was less than one-third the number of military and police that Saddam Hussein had used to control his country. Virtually no planning had been done about dealing with post-war Iraq. Critically, the United States had almost no interpreters among its invading troops."
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Social Determinants of Health, 2008.
This paper explores food insecurity, housing and the social safety net as social determinants of health in Canada.
2,433 words (approx. 9.7 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 74.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses social determinants of health, focusing on food, security, housing and the social safety net. The paper explains how these social determinants of health are linked and how they come to influence health. The paper outlines Canada's policy options to improve the quality of these social determinants of health and looks at the barriers to implementing them. The paper shows how, unfortunately, poor housing, food insecurity, and the social safety net are no longer political and economic priorities.
Outline:
Introduction
Housing
Food Insecurity
The Social Safety Net
Pathways
Policy Options for Improving Quality of Social Determinants
Barriers to Implementation of Policy Options
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Social determinants of health comprise the economic and social conditions that affect the health of individuals, communities, and jurisdictions. Social determinants of health determine health status, the various types and quality of resources the person or group has, as well as how those resources are made available (Raphael, 2004). Resources include income, the availability of food, housing and employment conditions. The approach to health based on the social determinants of health is concerned with "how a society organizes and distributes economic and social resources [and] directs attention to economic and social policies as means of improving health" (Raphael, 2004)."
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The NSA Wiretap Program, 2008.
This paper explores whether the National Security Agency wiretap program is constitutional.
776 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how the United States government, through the National Security Agency, has monitored international cellphone calls without a search warrant. The paper looks at the Bush administration's arguments in support of this program vs. a federal court ruling that that the wiretap program is unconstitutional. The paper concludes that the Administration's belief in the President's inherent powers contradicts the Constitution.
From the Paper
"In conjunction with the appearance before the Senate Judiciary Committee of Attorney General Alberto Gonzalez, the Administration issued a 42-page defense of the program, "Legal Authorities Supporting the Activities of the National Security Agency Described by the President" ["Legal Authorities"]. This paper makes four arguments in support of this program: (1) inherent presidential power; (2) the resolution calling for use of military force; (3) consistency with the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act; and (4) consistency with the Constitution."
"The Administration contends that the President has inherent powers which he can use without specific congressional sanction to protect the United States. In support of this claim, the Legal Authorities cites The Federalist Papers, No. 23 and No. 41, in which Hamilton and Madison argued that the President, holding the entire executive power of the nation, may act to protect the United States. ("Legal Authorities" 6-10)"
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Civil War in Iraq, 2008.
An argument that the civil war in Iraq is due to deceit on the part of the Bush administration.
2,129 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the civil war in Iraq and the role that the United States played in beginning it. The paper argues that terrorist attacks of 9/11 were ruthlessly exploited by President Bush and his advisors, who falsely accused Iraq of plotting to attack the United States with weapons of mass destruction. The paper concludes that Iraq's civil war was a consequence of that deceit.
From the Paper
"As this debate intensifies in the United States, hundreds of innocent Iraqis are being killed every week as sectarian violence escalates and civil war rages. The fragile authority, limited influence, and entrenched corruption of the Iraqi government has prevented it thus far from establishing control, reducing the violence, and forging any semblance of unity between the Shi'ites, Sunnis, and Kurds. Much of its impotence is due to the perceptions of millions of Iraqis that it is little more than a puppet government controlled by the Bush Administration. This widespread perception fuels the insurgency, which doesn't appear likely to abate unless the United States begins withdrawing troops in significant numbers."
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Common Agricultural Policy, 2008.
An analysis of the initial rationale, practice, policies, outcomes and recommendations of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP).
2,644 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 79.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the European Union's recent reiteration of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). It discusses the reforms that are currently underway to help reframe the CAP model and promote equitable trade within European agricultural partnerships. The paper also looks at the criticism of these initiative by policymakers and economists and describes the rationale that makes the initiatives necessary.
Table of Contents:
Executive Summary
Initial Rationale
Practices
Policies
Outcomes
Recommendations
From the Paper
"Efficient and equitable functioning under the CAP was not possible under the conditions that existed prior to the reform processes that took place in 2004 and 2005. The outlay of expenses was simply not compensated for in positive economic developments; moreover, social justice, which was a mainstay of the CAP as a means of improving the quality of life for rural and agrarian communities, does not appear to have been met. Salvatici's (2001) "liberalization" model also indicates failure to improve quality of life for the majority of persons, suggesting that abandonment of the CAP is equally as unfeasible as allowing it to maintain its current course of action."
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The Immigration Debate, 2008.
This paper addresses the immigration debates in both the United States and France.
2,230 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at how Alexis de Tocqueville describes France and the United States and the political and civic situations found in each. The paper utilizes the readings of Max Weber to define terms such as migration, assimilation and citizenship. The paper compares and contrasts the situations in France and the United States and concludes that France has a much more progressive approach to immigration than America.
From the Paper
"Perhaps no foreign observer has better captured the unique nature of the civic and social life of the United States than Alexis de Tocqueville - and none, certainly, is better-equipped to offer an analysis of both the United States and France with regards to their respective political and civic milieus. De Tocqueville writes that the elective institutions and vigorous politics of America bind together men (and women, although de Tocqueville was writing before women had the franchise in the United States) in a sort of common servitude to each other and to the greater good; by comparison, nineteenth century France was a society, in the Frenchman's view, which impugned political freedom (here, de Tocqueville may also mean civic duty though it is not clear) as something to be avoided (vol. II, "That the Americans Combat the Effects of Individualism by Free Institutions," 102-105)."
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History of the Currency Crisis, 2008.
This paper discusses the history of the currency crisis focusing on Asia and Mexico.
2,011 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This document discusses currency crises and utilizes the Asian financial crisis of 1997 to 1998 and the Mexican peso crisis of 1994 as illustrative examples. In both of these examples, the writer notes that the currency crises were precipitated by sudden capital flights out of the markets in question which exacerbated the devaluation of the currencies. In essence, the writer maintains that currency crises occur because investors, internal or external, leave a market suddenly and with little prior indication. The writer concludes that regardless of how valid the investor assumption of impending currency devaluation is the fact of their sudden flight from the market always leads to the devaluation they were predicting.
Outline:
Abstract
Currency Crises in Asia and Mexico
Overview
Asian Financial Crisis
South Korean Crisis
Central Bank & OMO
Exchange Rate Behavior
Conclusion
Mexican Currency Crisis
Overview
Build up to Crisis
The Trigger
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Thus, because of the currency speculators, who are typically foreign institutional investors, introduce a degree of risk simply through the size of their investment in a single currency that would not otherwise be there if the speculation was limited to smaller investors. While there are a whole slew of factors that must accompany a genuine currency crisis, in general, a crisis develops as these large institutional speculators perceive a decline in value of the currency and dump their investments en masse. The ensuing devaluation of the currency in question is unsustainable and the event often exposes other fundamental economic weaknesses that were disguised previous to the onset of the currency crisis, such as credit over extension in the market and a lack of foreign capital reserves."
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Social Security, 2008.
This paper examines and argues against social security privatization.
877 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer maintains that social security privatization has been a point of contention for almost the entire presidency of President Bush. The case for privatization and against privatization has become such a charged topic that parties in support of either viewpoint can hardly avoid personal attacks against each other rather than adhering to the pros and cons of the debate. The writer notes that social security privatization has been extremely politicized, making it very difficult to argue rationally about. However, the writer concludes that because of the evidence presented and the writer's personal opinions regarding the competency with which the U.S. government has been managed over the last eight years in other aspects of governmental policy, the writer argues against the privatization of social security.
Outline:
Overview
Pro-Privatization
Against Privatization
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Another prominent argument in support of Social Security privatization is the character of the U.S. population and its changing demographics. As the demographics of the population changes it affects how Social Security taxes and benefits are paid out. The oft-cited evidence of this changing demographics consist of the fact that in the 1950s there were approximately 15-17 workers for every retired individual while the latest ratio offered places this figure now at approximately 4 workers for every retired individual. Clearly, there is a strong case for privatization since some adjustment must be made to the system in order to compensate for this demographic shift due to the baby boomer generation now reaching retirement age."
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Labour Reproduction Force, 2008.
This paper looks at the changes in the Canadian population from a labour force reproduction perspective.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that a labour force reproduction (LFR) perspective allows insights into how populations reproduce themselves in the context of economic change, with fertility and immigration being contributory factors over time. As this essay argues, in discussing how the Canadian population is (re)produced from a LFR perspective, the use of this perspective allows us to understand critical issues of power and, in particular, who gains from such a reproduction process. In this analysis, one can see how a labour force reproduction perspective allows us to understand how fertility rates and immigration factor into postwar Canadian economic growth. The writer concludes that changes in the LFR model reflect broader economic changes under globalization that reveal how corporate interests profit significantly from this reproduction process.
From the Paper
"However, the LFR model extended far beyond the shop floor, and can be understood as part of a larger vision of social organization whereby the single-wage earning family was promoted as the primary model for both the reproduction of labour - in the form of children - as well as of consumption. Thus, industrialists such as Ford recognized that it was in the self-interests of industry that they create well-paying jobs, as these well-paid workers were also prosperous consumers of the products assembly line mass production was creating across North America. Thus, the Fordist LFR model can be seen as a cycle by which the industrial economy reproduces itself over time."
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China's Economic Policy, 2008.
This paper discusses China, poverty and developmental economics.
1,140 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that the global economic structure, otherwise referred to as globalism or globalization, has seen increased attention being paid to poverty levels in emerging and developing markets. The writer maintains that understanding poverty and how to alleviate it is a critical component of joining the rank of first world nations. The writer points out that while the list of countries that have encouraged foreign investment and trade is growing, the fact remains that few have experienced the type of economic success that China and India have experienced. The writer argues that the discussion of poverty and its alleviation, vis-a-vis China or indeed any other emerging market, is really a discussion of how these economic structures are re-characterized in respect to the global economy. The writer maintains that the intent is to assist these markets with their internal economic structures, without compromising national integrity, so as to result in a more universal elevation of quality of life standards across the spectrum of their societies.
Outline:
Overview
China & Poverty
Success Factors
The Global/Local Connection
From the Paper
"By utilizing more accurate measures for poverty, the result is a decidedly different number relative to ascertaining the number of individuals living below the poverty line. The typical measure utilized by most Western nations and international organizations is the $1 per day measure of income which is the point at which individuals can adequately provide for themselves and their families at sustenance level and by this measure, China's poverty level increases dramatically. However, in spite of this divergence over the effectiveness in determining poverty levels, there can be no argument that China has made progress in alleviating poverty through a series of economic and development policy issues that has seen average wage increases for many .. "
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Family and Sexual Orientation, 2008.
This paper discusses the family impact on sexual orientation and looks at discrimination in this regard.
1,300 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that the term "sexual orientation" has become the phrase used to identify a class of protected rights in law and in business and presumably includes all forms of sexual orientation. In practice, though, the writer points out, the term is a way of assuring some protection for homosexuals without actually using the term. When speaking about majority sexual orientation, meaning heterosexuality as the norm, there is no need to speak about orientation. The writer maintains that it is the basic role of government to protect each citizen from other citizens, and so protections on the basis of sexual orientation are needed no matter what the source of a different orientation might be. The writer concludes that protecting the class is a legal question and does not depend on the other elements to be in force.
From the Paper
"Yet punishing people for a "crime" that is not a crime at all is un-American, and there is no reason for the government to be involved in an effort on the part of segments of society to force other segments to bend to their will. Some critics claim that there is a reason in that the government should be promoting so-called family values, while homosexuality is detrimental to those values. The recent battle in Congress was framed in part as a battle between the Employment Non-Discrimination Act on the one hand and the Defense of Marriage Act on the other, an act which defines marriage so as to eliminate homosexual partnerships. The title of the latter act shows the belief that marriage is under attack by homosexuals and so that heterosexuals can rally and defend themselves. Differential treatment of homosexuals thus becomes defense rather than discrimination."
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Sustainability, Waste Management and Incineration, 2008.
This paper discusses the issue of waste management and waste incineration as a way to manage waste.
2,573 words (approx. 10.3 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer points out that waste is a non-avoidable result of high-technology industrialized economies, as more things are produced and more waste is generated. Environmental, economic and social factors involved are examined and waste incineration is compared and contrasted with land filling and the 3Rs: reduce, reuse and recycle. The writer discusses that the growing concern for the environment, a constant increase in the amounts of waste produced, economic, land and social costs involved in developing new landfill sites and public opinion have brought about the need to approach waste management in a new way. The writer maintains that the use of waste incinerators does provide certain advantages to landfill, particularly in terms of waste reductions as well as through waste-to-energy schemes. The writer concludes that the 3Rs method of waste management has the greatest potential for growth and improvement and is a sustainable way of approaching waste management.
From the Paper
"A waste incinerator involves burning waste at high temperatures inside a specially engineered and purpose-built incinerator facility. Some of the positive impacts include the reduction of the volume of waste, less fossil fuel use and less land required for disposal of leftover solid residue as well as the potential of energy-from-waste incinerators. For example, by incinerating waste, its weight and volume are greatly reduced, often by as much as 90% . Pitchtel also stated that a third, albeit unintended benefit of incineration is detoxification - the destruction of microbial and other pathogenic organisms - of the waste . Waste-to-energy incinerators boil water to make steam for heating spaces or for production of electricity."
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Plato and American Democracy, 2008.
An application of Plato's "Republic" to the failure of American democracy.
804 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes Plato's "well ordered soul" in relation to the corruption that resides within failed American democratic institutions. It discusses how Plato's "Republic" defines the notion of the greater good in society and how the practical applications of these ideas are prone to corruption and the dissolution of justice within the United States.
From the Paper
"Socrates also realizes that governmental 'order' in reality is only as stable as time. Therefore, since time is always moving and changing, there are no reasonable ways to create a government that can mimic the greater good of the soul. In this manner, the term democracy is a transient form of government that can never be realized, since power is often consolidated and fluctuates between the three branches. However, Plato reinforces the construct and need for the well-ordered soul, since chaos would surely ensue without the doctrine of the greater good to be imposed throughout the various sections of the Republic. "
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9/11 Official Report, 2007.
An examination of the 9/11 Commission Report, which investigated the September 11 terrorist attack on the US and makes recommendations for preventing further such attacks in the future.
1,872 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the 9/11 Commission Report: "Final Report of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States". It explains all the problems and intelligence failures leading up to the attack. The writer discusses the Commission's recommendations on how to improve intelligence gathering and sharing so as to prevent a future attack. The writer also looks at the Commission's recommendations on how to improve the response of authorities so that if an attack did take place, damage could be minimized.
From the Paper
"The attacks on America on September 11, 2001 caused a major national trauma in addition to the deaths of thousands of people. Two major questions were raised immediately, the first how did this happen, and the second, how can it be prevented in the future? The two questions are related so that finding what went wrong the first time points to what needs to be corrected before any recurrence. To answer these questions, the 9-11 Commission was formed and charged with investigating the attack and making recommendations for the future. The Commission was bipartisan and made up of ten members who issued the required report, which has since been widely disseminated so that the public can judge the job done, can understand the problems found, and can weigh in on efforts made to correct those problems for the future."
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The Progressive Era, 2008.
This paper studies the progressive era and looks at the United States and Latin America, labor and nationalism in this regard.
2,900 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 13 sources, APA, $ 85.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that the progressive era in the United States meant that there would be regulations that controlled industry and that no one industry would be capable of driving up prices or negatively impacting the common consumer. The writer notes that the chief proponent of the progressive movement was President Theodore Roosevelt. The writer then points out that Roosevelt felt, as many Americans of the time did, that large industries were beginning to control the lives of citizens and that unless some form of control was placed on these industries people would not be capable of having any hope of achieving success. The writer concludes that ultimately the impact of the American progressive era on Latin American countries was felt in the labor force, as well as in the nationalism that began to arise.
Outline:
United States Impact Abroad
Latin America: Labor and Nationalism
From the Paper
"President Roosevelt further believed that the manner in which many industries were operating would eventually cause environmental concerns throughout the United States. Because of this, Roosevelt moved to limit the amount of land that could be used by businesses and protect the natural environment in the country. This meant the creation of national parks and preserves, as well as the protection of national forests. By 1902 Roosevelt was also focusing on the protection of rivers and waterways within the country to protect the natural habitat of wildlife and ensure that there was adequate irrigation. This was because it was evident that industries were failing to comprehend the impact that their mining, oil drilling, use of timber and use of waterways was contaminating the environment. Roosevelt felt that the only way to ensure that these natural areas were safe in that time and in the future was to forcibly make industries to comply with federal laws."
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