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Gun Violence in Toronto, 2008.
An analysis of the sociological issues resulting in gun violence in Toronto and how they can be addressed.
1,632 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper describes what is happening in regard to the issue of gun violence in Toronto and its sociological ramifications. It shows that the problem is a domestic problem and is indicative of underlying social problems in Toronto that need to be addressed. Finally, the paper briefly discusses ways that the sociological issues resulting in gun violence can be addressed.
From the Paper
"Clearly, what is needed is to look at the sociological, systemic factors that are un-knitting the social fabric of Toronto, and start to fix things. This will be much more constructive than simply blaming the USA! A first step would be to increase public expenditure on the poor, raise welfare, and spend much more on affordable housing. And at root, perhaps it is time to honestly acknowledge that globalization, free trade and neoliberalism are not panaceas that will solve all social problems - indeed, they may in fact cause some terrible problems, including tragedies such as innocent young Torontonians being shot dead in broad daylight."
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Free Enterprise: What it is and How to Use it, 2008.
This paper explores the principles and advantages of a free enterprise system.
1,674 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
The paper explains free enterprise (FE) as the principle that individual people and companies should be allowed to pursue their own enterprise without threat from over-regulation by government and from government intervention. The paper details the basic components of private property, a free press and a laissez-faire economic environment. The paper explores the benefits of FE for a state and its people if implemented correctly.
Outline:
What is It?
What Can FE Do?
Basic Underlying Components
Free Enterprise and How to Use It
Government in Free Enterprise
From the Paper
"American Free Enterprise (FE) has its foundation in the principles of free enterprise and capitalism as outlined by Adam Smith in his ground breaking work on economic theory, The Wealth of Nations: "...the basic principles were first laid down in a book published in 1776 by the Scottish economist Adam Smith (1723-1790). Known as The Wealth of Nations...it has often been referred to as ''the bible of capitalism''..."(Shaffer 1). One of the basic tenets of FE as propounded by Adam Smith and as embraced by the United States is that individual people and companies should be allowed to pursue their own enterprise without threat from over-regulation by government and from government intervention."
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Behind the Anti-War Movement, 2008.
This paper explores a media group's sponsorship of anti-war rallies.
1,013 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
The paper provides a brief overview of the movement against the Iraq War as it has manifested itself in the U.S. since 2003. The paper looks at mainstream media coverage of public rallies, focusing on a report in the Los Angeles Times and a report from Reuters. The paper discusses the ANSWER media savvy organizing group that is rarely noted in mainstream media coverage of public rallies but which has a large role in sponsoring them. The paper thus shows how a mainstream news source omits small pieces of information that can have a significant effect on the interpretation of the news story.
From the Paper
"The first protests against the Iraq War actually began just prior to the onset of the war itself, at a time when it was becoming clear that the military preparations and intensified propaganda leading up to the invasion had passed a point of no return. In March of 2003, mass protests in both the United States and Britain, denominated the "World Says No to War" protests, attracted approximately 500,000 marchers nationwide. Since then the movement has had its ups and downs, but generally been able to sponsor large turnouts near the anniversary dates of the invasion (March of each year.) Many have commentated that this level of organization and turnout is remarkable given the lack of a military draft, which in past times (notably the Vietnam war) has substantially enlivened anti-war movements (Garfinkle.)"
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Hobbes, Machiavelli and Political Failure, 2008.
An analysis of the causes and consequences of political failure in Niccolo Machiavelli's "The Prince" and Thomas Hobbes's "The Leviathan".
3,468 words (approx. 13.9 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 97.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how Niccolo Machiavelli (1469-1527) and Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) can be assessed as theorists influenced by direct exposure to political failure and its resulting chaos. It looks as how Machiavelli suggested that the prince was a person who knew he could not have something for nothing, whereas Hobbes was inclined to place the citizen in similar shoes, needing to adjust to a directed social order aware that without small compromises, he would lose the order so needed and wanted to achieve his ambitions. The paper concludes that in the early 21st century, there is much in international political life to remind us of Machiavelli's "The Prince" and Hobbes' "The Leviathan" in different demonstrations of both leadership and political failure and how war, anarchy, alienation and social chaos do seem the prices of poor leadership approaches and the failure to provide what is needed.
Outline:
Introduction
Machiavelli on Political Failure
Hobbes on Political Failure
Lessons of being a Bad Leader, or a Bad Subject
Concluding Remarks
From the Paper
"Both Machiavelli and Hobbes had few illusions about human nature and the difficulties of governance. Machiavelli saw political failure as owing directly to the nature of the leader and whether or not he was a prince, in a person astute and evolved enough to wield power, and as Hobbes agreed in places but also expected subjects to understand that beyond a symbolic leader they needed to see their own culpability when political systems fell to pieces, that they were merely parts of the same organic social machine. Political failure meant that one party of another was not complying as necessary to make the machine function and that this should be recognized. In other words, whatever kind of leader or ruler was produced, human unwillingness to put cooperation ahead of competition and greed, or a failure to respect the law towards other anarchy would bring political failure's result in the anarchy of which human beings were also much afraid. "
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Medicare and Medicaid Programs, 2008.
This paper discusses the two health care programs, Medicare and Medicaid.
954 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that Franklin D. Roosevelt's financially recuperative "New Deal" and the Sheppard-Towner Act of 1921 during the Great Depression helped the American public back on the road to health. The writer points out that the Social Security Act of 1935 was sadly Roosevelt's last efforts to establish universal financial and health security. The writer discusses that another try at providing universal health came in 1965 with Medicare/Medicaid, but by this time until the present, however, history, economics and politics would be complicit in impeding a utopian vision of "affordable health care for all." This paper describes each program in terms of eligibility criteria, funding approval process, appeal procedures and scope of devices and services funded.
Outline:
Medicaid
Medicare
Medicare vs. Medicaid
From the Paper
"Franklin D. Roosevelt's financially recuperative "New Deal" and the Sheppard-Towner Act of 1921 during the Great Depression helped the American public back on the road to health. The Social Security Act of 1935 was sadly Roosevelt's (and all those who succeeded him) last efforts to establish universal financial and health security. Another try at providing universal health came in 1965 with Medicare/Medicaid; by this time until the present, however, history, economics and politics would be complicit in impeding a utopian vision of "affordable health care for all." This paper will describe each program in terms of eligibility criteria, funding approval process, appeal procedures and scope of devices and services funded.
"Medicaid is a federal program administered at the state level that aids individuals with low-income, insufficient or no health insurance. Health care needs are paid directly to care providers, in whole or partially subsidized."
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President Franklin D. Roosevelt's Agenda, 2008.
An analysis of the successes and failures of the first and second "new deal" agendas of President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
1,423 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses President Franklin D. Roosevelt's "new deal" agenda. It describes the causal factors for the agenda of the first "new deal" and the areas to which the deal was supposed to bring relief. The paper then looks at the second new deal and its aims. Finally, the paper discusses the successes and failures of President Roosevelt's "new deal" agendas.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Causal Factors of the New Deal
The First New Deal
The First One Hundred Days
Relief for Unemployment
Recovery
Reform
The Second New Deal
Expanded Labor Reform
The Social Security Act
Successes and Failures of the New Deal
From the Paper
"One aspect of long-term economic reform that had to be made is related to the issue of deflation in the American currency. Roosevelt created the National Industry Recovery Act, which demanded that worker wages would incrementally increase along with prices. This reform helped to give rights to workers to build unions under the law, which gave them a greater ability to demand better wages. Also, the Nation Recovery Administration (NRA) was yet another alphabet organization that regulated pricing and wages in many different labor sectors, helping to create more stability and balance. This would eventually create the minimum wage standards that would increase with the inflation of money values, as well as the pricing used by big business and their products."
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The American Empire, 2008.
An analysis of what characterizes the American empire in terms of the world market and geopolitical terms.
1,382 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes what characterizes the American empire. It looks at it in terms of power through the world market and secondarily, in geopolitical terms. The paper argues that the USA is primarily practicing 'imperialism of free trade' but that its power is also considerably exercised in geopolitical terms and that in fact this was always the case.
From the Paper
"Smith argues that this third stage of American Empire is different in several ways from the American Empire prior to 09.11.2001. He states "the conflation of narrow national self-interest with global good has been more acute since 11 September 2001 than at any time in the American century" (xii). Certainly this is the first 'global' war that the USA has initiated. In the guise of war against terror it is a war to secure access to raw materials and in particular oil, but it is also the war "devoted to the completion of the geo-economic globalism of the American Empire" (Smith, xiv). The USA's current war waged in particular geographical regions is mostly in order to regain dominance in these regions, to secure globalization and to break down any resistance to the free market and the globalization forces of the USA."
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Canadian Charter Section D33, 2008.
This paper discuses the safety mechanism in Section D33 of the "Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms", part of the Constitution.
1,630 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Section D33 (S33) of the "Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms" permits Parliament or the provincial legislatures to over-ride some portions of the Charter so that legislation of the kind is automatically subject to an incoming government's review or cancellation. The author points out that S33 is viewed as a brokering mechanism, a kind of bridge between British and American models of constitutional law. The paper relates that S33 stresses the right of the people to demonstrate their opposition to policies produced through the legal process that do not comply with the people's values or preferences. The author remarks that, in this legislation, one sees a Canada grounded in both rights and obligations and the wish for elected representatives to shape development more.
From the Paper
"For instance, in the months that gay marriage was debated in Ottawa, there was no progress made on dozens of large Aboriginal land claims in Canada that may prove of greater moral interest to millions of Canadians. The rights and ambitions of a gay Canadian minority within a minority, in gay Canadians wishing to marry and able to afford the costs of a marriage, were placed at the top of the Supreme Court's agenda. This can be seen as merely part of Canada's shift towards a 'constitutional' democracy."
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The French and Chinese Revolutions, 2008.
A comparison of the French Revolution of 1789 and the Chinese Revolution of 1911 and their political instability.
1,531 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the fragility of new revolutionary governments. It compares and contrasts two revolutions in order to explain its points. It looks at the French Revolution of 1789 and the Chinese Revolution of 1911. The paper discusses each revolution and shows why the new government in each case was a fragile and unstable political environment.
From the Paper
"From outside China, Sun and other revolutionaries attempted to form a new revolutionary party. Sun, having noted that Shikai had out manoeuvred the revolutionaries at every turn, decided to consolidate the various factions into one larger group that could respond better to the President's actions. Sun was to be in total control of this confederation of rebel organizations. Thus even the revolutionaries of China had reverted to an authoritarian model, one that many of the smaller revolutionary sects considered completely wrong. It was during this time of tenuous and dispirited rebel planning to topple Shakai that World War I erupted, and parts of China were occupied by Japan, completely disrupting the revolutionary process and leaving Shakai more or less completely unopposed."
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Hobbes' and Machiavelli's Humanist Governing Principles, 2008.
This paper compares and contrasts humanistic governing principles in "The Prince" by Niccolo Machiavelli and "The Leviathan" by Thomas Hobbes.
2,263 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how Machiavelli and Hobbes analyze the dictates of governing institutions, religion and ethics. The paper shows how these two philosophers often agree, but differ on varying principles of practicality for humanistic governing bodies. The paper shows the complexity of rational thought that exists between Hobbes and Machiavelli and explains how the nature of ethics becomes a dynamic that divides them.
From the Paper
"The manner of politics that one can see in The Prince by Machiavelli reveals much about the cruel, and often-lawless manner of governing that seeks to suppress the people being ruled by their leaders. He makes little argument for unrealistic manners of ethical guidance that might smooth over these forceful behaviors of the leading class. By these means he tells us much about how rules matter little in the quest for power and dominance over the lesser classes. In starting, Machiavelli refused to be deflected by utopian dreams or romantic hopes and by questions of right and wrong or good and bad in government. This is how Hobbes and Machiavelli compare, since they both seek realism in their quest to discover the best and most efficient way to rule."
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Powerful International Organizations, 2008.
An analysis of the impact of the political and economic alliance between powerful international organizations and conservative-controlled governments.
2,439 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 74.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the negative political impact that large powerful organizations can have. It describes the cycle of corruption, oppression and turmoil that produces terrorism, which in turn generates reactionary policies in the United States which are detrimental to democracy. Specifically, the paper looks at the consequences of the political and economic alliance between powerful international organizations and conservative-controlled governments.
From the Paper
"The stark truth is that globalization is harmful to hundreds of millions of people around the world, and has produced destructive political blowback in the form of terrorism, dangerous instability and escalating violence in the Middle East, alarming restrictions on civil liberties in the United States, the outsourcing of millions of jobs in order to exploit cheap labor in Third World countries, and the degeneration of America's political system into an Orwellian system in which lies are peddled as the truth and the truth is degraded as lies.
"One of the biggest lies is that globalization benefits everyone. Monopoly capitalist dominance over the world's economy through globalization threatens to condemn undeveloped nations to permanent subservience and endless poverty. Under such conditions, it is hypocritical for the IMF to call for debt relief when the debts are conditioned on the very same economic policies that exacerbates indebtedness throughout the Third World. (Bull 261-263)"
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Darfur Crisis, 2008.
This paper looks at the causes and complications of the Darfur crisis.
1,213 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer discusses that the Darfur crisis as it exists today is the result of a convergence of domestic political and cultural causes, within the context of regional political and environmental circumstances, all of which are being looked upon with good-intentioned neglect by the international community. This essay explores the Darfur crisis with a focus on discerning the root causes of the crisis from its more immediate direct causes. The thesis is argued, while its direct causes seem to lie in a botched counter-insurgency program launched by the Sudanese government which coincided with drought and regional environmental issues, its root causes lie in the structuring of the Sudanese state in the wake of colonialism. As is seen, the inability of the Sudanese government to address the complex needs of diverse groups within its state lies ultimately at the root of the Darfur crisis, with implications both for the Sudan and other post-colonial states.
From the Paper
"Prunier's observation is valuable in two respects: first, he cites the fact that the Sudan has been internationally recognized for another long-running civil conflict in its recent history, and secondly that the causes of the Darfur crisis are not immediately clear or easy to understand. The reference to the Sudan's history of internal civil conflict is particularly significant, as it suggests that there are systemic problems in the Sudanese state that extend beyond the confines of the Darfur crisis. It may be argued that these problems are the "root" causes of the Darfur crisis.
"The Sudan as it exists today is largely a legacy of the colonial era, when the British empire governed vast swathes of Africa. However, a defining characteristic of the Sudan from its colonial period has been the combination of enormous territory and diverse ethnic populations, with an overcentralized state."
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Creating a New Trust, 2008.
This paper discusses creating a new trust between the Canadian police and Aboriginal women of Canada.
2,046 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that Aboriginal women in Canada suffer a long-standing distrust of Canadian police that compromises their safety and citizenship. The writer notes that like all Canadians, First Nations women need police support to deter violence and injustice against them. If they cannot turn to the police, a fundamental democratic right that they are entitled to is not functioning properly. The writer points out that this problem has been written about by Aboriginal women's groups, Canadian policing organizations, and even Amnesty International. The writer maintains that the mainstream Canadian police continue to fail Aboriginal women because they lack the imagination necessary to conquer the problems that Aboriginal women face. Or, perhaps provincial police and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police have a good idea, but they lack the courage to employ it. The writer concludes that in either case, all Canadian citizens would benefit from new police initiatives that work for everyone.
From the Paper
"It is exceptionally difficult, even in mainstream Canadian society, for a woman to extricate herself from a situation of domestic abuse. This requires financial and legal support. It means walking away from someone she once loved, or may still love. It means turning your life upside down while working with the police to ensure her safety. This is critical: without police support, a woman is open to harassment and assaults from not just her former spouse, but from anyone."
"But what if she distrusts the police? What if the police are, in her view, just another brutal gang that may well take advantage of her? A woman in peril cannot be expected to choose the protection of an untrustworthy bunch of thugs over the thug she intends to extricate herself from. That would be compounding her problem, rather than reducing it. As one Aboriginal writer noted in The Manitoban Online, even Native women who had been severely brutalized by family members still felt less safe when police were seen on the reservation."
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MRSA, Change and Nursing Leadership, 2008.
This paper looks at hospital concerns related to ethicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and their impact on health care professionals.
1,333 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a serious concern for many hospitals. The writer points out that not only are morbidity and mortality rates due to MRSA infection significant, but longer hospital stays, higher costs of treatment and the specter of treatment failure compared to methicillin-sensitive organisms are all realities that are faced. This paper outlines a proposition to implement a hospital-wide change in the hospital's handwashing policy to that utilizing a chlorhexidine-based foam. Budgetary considerations as well as a strategy for implementation and evaluation of effectiveness on MRSA infections after one year of implementation are discussed.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Literature Review
Current Practice
Proposed Practice
Budgetary Considerations
Concerns Regarding Change
Values and Roles
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In order to improve the rate of infection from 10 cases per year to less than one per year, a new practice will be instituted based on the redundancy principle regarding implementation of handwashing procedures. Similarly redundant handwashing facilities (both handwashing stations and foam chlorhexidine gluconate) conveniently located at strategic locations. This solution will include new dispensers at strategic locations with high personnel traffic such as nurses' stations, patient rooms, specific bedside sites (e.g. in intensive care units, labor and delivery bedsides), communal areas for nurses and physicians and outpatient examination rooms. It is expected to be accomplished within 3 months with a reduction in overall and MRSA nosocomial infections after one year."
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Racial Segregation, 2008.
An analysis of the theories behind the trends of racial segregation in Washington DC.
2,728 words (approx. 10.9 pages), 14 sources, APA, $ 81.95
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Abstract
This paper analyses the census data of Washington in order to reveal significant points and trends and more especially incongruities or oddities. It discusses theories regarding racial segregation and discusses the relationship between capitalism and the class aspect of racial segregation. The paper argues that current trends in Washington and similar trends in cities such as Atlanta appear to have their source in the escalating process of globalization.
Outline:
Introduction
Census Data Analysis
Overview of Segregation
Immigrants and Residential Patterns
The Impact of the Post-Industrial Economy
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The effectiveness of racial enclosure policies was demonstrated in Washington in 1947 when more than 97 percent of blacks were found in the District (Manning, 1998). Segregation escalated until the 1970s with whites moving away from the District as blacks continued to move in. This racial shift whereby by 1970 nine times the number of blacks were situated in the District as in suburban Washington is explained by urban apartheid (Manning, 1998). From this very sudden change in racial composition there developed a second sudden change in demographics between the District and the suburbs since the population of the suburbs eventually was comprised of 85 percent of former residents of the District (Manning, 1998). The same pattern was observed with the development of satellite cities far away from the center of Atlanta. The white population then left the inner city, and African Americans became the majority within it (Miller, 2002)."
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