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Mental Illness, 2008.
Compares the view and prevalence of mental illness among modern and traditional societies.
2,085 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the view that traditional societies are less friendly to individuals with mental illness, which leads to the perception that there is less mental illness when, in truth, it is simply more well hidden. The paper then compares views of mental illness in modern socieites, and, in particular in Canada, to those of traditional socieities such as China, the Aboriginal socieites of Canada, and Middle Eastern societies and concludes that there is no single answer to how traditional cultures treat mental illness.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Mental Illness in Modern Societies
Mental Illness in Canada
Mental Illness in Traditional Societies
Mental Illness in Canada's Aboriginal Population
Conclusion
From the Paper
"It is this kind of practice that differentiates the Chinese and the Canadian process of caring for the mentally ill and may lead to a difference in how they are perceived. However, the practice goes far beyond simple numbers on a percentage scale. Some traditional cultures rely first on their own traditional forms of mental healing, turning only to modern solutions when their preferred methods fail to work. In Morocco, for example, a Berber family might first consult a fquih, a traditional healer, before turning to the services of the Centre Psychiatrique Universitaire Ibn Rochd (CPU) to treat mental illness."
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Job Communications Report, 2008.
An evaluation of the value of advanced practice nurses.
793 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a report on the communications aspects of an advanced practice nurse (APN). It suggests different case scenarios that reinforce the fact that APNs play a large part in formulating and implementing patient care plans, evaluating their outcomes and continuously improving the quality of care
Outline:
Introduction
Profile and Scenarios
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Information problem. Teaching and coaching people utilizing both verbal and written communication in almost every media format is used interchangeably. From patients, peers or students, the APN must be able to convey complex ideas and concepts in order to be an effective team member or mentor. Collaboration is also an essential information exchange role the APN must be comfortable with. This may even include formulating new clinical queries relevant to her specialty. Being a researcher is also constant challenge, as S.M. found out when she had to adapt a novel approach to meet one particular patient's needs as hospital guidelines did not cover the specific situation. She applied evidence-based practice, the process of arriving at a clinically relevant research question(s), attempting to gather evidence that answered these questions, determining the applicability of evidence in practice by determining its benefits, risks, cost-effectiveness, etc. and putting the answers to practice. The evaluation of the new practice (compression stockings for patients without bathroom privileges for an extended period after becoming ambulatory) went hand in hand with implementation in order to determine effectiveness in the target population, make changes for quality improvement based on established benchmarks and assess whether the research was implemented properly (DePalma, 2004)."
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Nursing in an Acute-Care Psych Ward, 2008.
This paper applies P.L. Chinn and M.K. Kramer's approach to nursing to an acute-care psych ward.
1,499 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
The paper supports the modified philosophical approach to nursing championed by Chinn and Kramer and shows how their contribution to Dorothy Orem's theories improve the process of thought. The paper further shows how Chinn and Kramer codify, in a stepwise function, how to improve practice and apply conscious theory development to the profession. The paper discusses their "third-level" philosophical approach and relates that although this approach may seem distant to nurses involved in the day-to-day chaos of the acute care wards, they provide a useful conceptual framework for an improvement of the profession.
Outline:
Introduction
Implementation of Orem as Interpreted by Chinn and Kramer
Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Nursing has progressed from a 'helping,' or 'mothering' profession in the mid-1900's to a profession which incorporates the same basic human emotions, but also combines with empirical evidence to help improve the patient's quality of life. Applying a concrete definition to the concept of nursing was a pioneering effort from Orem in the 1980's. Subsequent work by Fawcett, Chinn, Kramer and others in the 1990's added a more philosophical level to the practice of nursing."
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Newborn Medical Screening Around the World, 2008.
An account of screening tests carried out on newborn babies.
1,683 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the various tests that are carried out on newborns around the world for early detection of abnormalities, and includes a long list of conditions that can be found. While the author does include evidence of some controversy regarding various screening tests, the overall indication is that such testing can only be beneficial.
From the Paper
"In the United States, newborns have been routinely screened for abnormalities and conditions affecting the infant's overall health, with routine tests such as biotinidase deficiency, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, congenital hearing loss, congenital hypothyroidism, cystic fibrosis, galactosemia, homocystinuria, maple syrup urine disease, MCAD deficiency, PKU, Sickle cell disease, and tyroseinemia. China has taken neonatal screening seriously in recent years, and with assistance from the United States, a "provincial laboratory quality control program has been established and provides oversight for a newborn screening system from blood collection through treatment of patients" (Chen, He, Shen, Wang, Zang, & Zhang 37). Israel has also determined how valuable nationwide neonatal screening is to societal health and in 2006 selected PerkinElmer, Inc., "a global technology leader in Health Sciences and Photonics...to create a comprehensive newborn screening program intended to cover every child born in Israel" (PerkinElmer). This is a definite step in the right direction, as more and more countries follow the lead the United States has had in the realm of neonatal screening."
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Uninsured Families in America, 2008.
This paper discusses the gaps in health insurance coverage in the United States, particularly affecting low socioeconomic status families and individuals.
2,220 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 13 sources, APA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the gaps in health insurance coverage for families as a significant health care problem in America. The author goes on to assess that these problems are experienced mostly by impoverished immigrants and minorities in the form of dissatisfaction with services, barriers in enrolling themselves or their children due to legal or political "fallout" from adapted U.S. foreign policy or incompatible cultural health beliefs. Furthermore, the paper shows that these issues present themselves in worsened health and increased risk for the uninsured. Lastly, the paper states that culturally sensitive initiatives must be established.
Outline:
Population Description
Significance of the Problem
Related Health and Social Problems
Evaluation of Current Strategies
Ethical Implications of Current Strategies
Proposed Community and Public Health Nursing Interventions
From the Paper
"Flores, Abreu and Tomany-Korman (2006) identified risk factors that made a child more likely to be uninsured in interviews conducted among 1,100 parents, of which 900 were of Latino ethnicity. The probable factors studied included having older children with a mean age of 9 years, being poor (income < $20,000 per annum), possessing a limited English proficiency, being non-U.S. citizens and if both parents were employed. It is of significant note that ethnicity was not a factor (OR 0.94; 95% CI 0.49-1.81) with regard to child's age (1.11; 1.07-1.15), documented (1.96; 1.09-3.53) or undocumented (6.06; 3.22-11.4) immigrant status, two working parents (2.08; 1.01-4.29) and income $15,000-19,999 per annum (1.84; 1.13-3.00) (Flores, Abreu & Tomany-Korman, 2006). Nonetheless, apart from income, immigration status and plan ineligibility and the availability of state-funded health insurance, cultural aspects regarding health beliefs need to be factored in, especially with regard to delayed or not seeking medical treatment in times of need and the absence of a regular primary care physician (Greenwald, O'Keefe & DiCamillo, 2005; Flores, Abreu & Tomany-Korman, 2006; Shone, Dick, Brach, Kimminau, LaClair, Shenkman et al, 2006)."
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Models of Nursing, 2008.
This paper discusses two models of nursing: the Neuman Systems Model and Dorothy Johnson's theory.
748 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
The paper explains the Neuman Systems Model and Johnson's theory, which rely on the identification of past, present and future stressors and behaviors. The paper points out that both theorists look at the whole person and only differ as to how the environment influences a person. The paper also relates that by Neuman and Johnson introducing behavioral and environmental stressors and patterns into the medical profession through the role of nurses, the quality of medical treatment has improved dramatically.
From the Paper
"The Neuman Systems Model was created in 1970 at the University of California by Betty Neuman as a way of teaching Introductory Nursing to freshman nursing students. The model encompassed a unique approach in teaching physiological, psychological, socio-cultural, and developmental aspects of the human condition. The basic concept of the Neuman Systems Model is to study the hair color, body temperature, body system functions, cognitive ability, physical strength and values of a person. These elements of humanity are always evolving and changing in a normal life cycle. Normalcy ends when the elements become static--the energy exhumed is greater than that used by the person. The human process is a series of inputs, outputs, feedbacks and compensations that create balance in a person's nature (Heyman & Wolfe, 2000)."
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Diabetes: History and Background, 2008.
This paper informatively discusses diabetes in North America in term of its history, definition, types, prevalence and contributing factors.
750 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper acknowledges that diabetes is a serious chronic, life-long disease that is one of the leading causes of death and disability in North America. The paper also relates that there are many long-term complications that can stem from this disease. The paper then goes on to discuss the long history of diabetes and the complications in treatment, the current definition of diabetes as a disorder of metabolism, along with the prevalence and distribution of the disorder between the types.
From the Paper
"Diabetes is a disorder of the metabolism. Our body breaks down food in glucose, a form of sugar, which is carried in the bloodstream and taken to cells in order to provide energy for them. In order for glucose to pass from the blood into the cells, insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas, must be present. There are three types of diabetes: Type 1 diabetes, also called insulin-dependent or juvenile-onset; type 2 diabetes, also called noninsulin-dependent or adult onset; and gestational diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease as 'the immune system attacks the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas and destroys them. The pancreas than produces little or no insulin' (Matthews, 4). In this type of diabetes the symptoms appear suddenly and intensely. In Type 2 diabetes, the pancreas is producing enough insulin, but the body cannot use the insulin effectively. After some time, the production of insulin decreases. Hence this type of diabetes develops gradually, over several years. Gestational diabetes develops during pregnancy, and usually disappears after delivery, although the mother is at an increased risk of getting type 2 diabetes later in the life."
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Ontario Air Pollution, 2008.
A study on the economic impact of air pollution on Ontario.
1,410 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper states that there is no doubt that air pollution has an adverse impact on Ontario's economy with the most marked effect being on health care and lost time from work stemming from air pollution caused illness for both the ill person and the caregivers. The author points out that air pollution puts an added demand on Ontario's health care providers, which are already overburdened. The paper relates that the consequence is that the Ontarian taxpayer is paying more tax dollars to support this growing health care problem. The author also explores potential solutions to the problem.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Background and the Problem
Economics of Air Pollution
Potential Solutions and Conclusion
From the Paper
"The Suzuki Foundation cites thee areas in which the government could have an impact on reducing air pollution: Tax shifting by taxing air polluters extra and adopting tax breaks for environmentally friendly practices; eliminating perverse subsidies as described above; and increasing investment in the environment to drive down the cost of energy renewable resources such as solar and wind power.
"However, our research shows that governmental intervention by the Canadians or Ontarians cannot solely solve the problem."
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Alcohol-Induced Blackouts among University Students, 2008.
A look at the alcohol consumption habits in university and college students.
1,039 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses alcohol consumption in universities and colleges, describing it as being the drug of choice for university and college students. The author includes various studies carried out on this sample population and examples of strict rules and regulations that have been introduced as a result of the findings.
Outline:
Introduction
Reasons for Standards Regarding Excessive Consumption of Alcohol in University Settings
Impact of Such Behaviors on University Community
What Can Be Learned from this Experience?
How this Experience May Influence Future Behavior of the University Community
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Data has indicated that university students engage in behaviors that may potentially be hazardous to themselves and/or others around them when experiencing an alcohol-induced blackout (Kraus, Signer, Swartzwelder, & White 208). Therefore, universities across the country have begun to implement procedures to combat this new trend and to protect both students and the university community from harm."
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Health Care Informatics, 2008.
Compares the benefits and disadvantages in the area of health informatics in health care, especially regarding nursing.
1,707 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the term informatics refers to the management and processing of data and knowledge in a particular discipline such as nursing. The paper then points out that informatics interact with every organizational structure and practice so that, ideally, organization, training, development of innovative approaches, and other tasks become very efficient. The paper also explains that informatics in health care must respond to specific needs and to the various costs and challenges associated with consumer-directed plans. In addition, the paper contendss that effective informatics depends on careful choice and implementation of information systems so that they are correlated with the needs of the organization and of all staff members.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Overview: Impacts of Informatics in Health Care
Current State of Informatics in Health Care
Relevance to Nursing
Personal View
Recommendations for Future Directions and Strategies
From the Paper
"The capabilities of informatics are extensive and soon will be greatly expanded. Information processing is continually becoming more rapid and will be enhanced since innovations are being developed. For instance, many schools of nursing currently make use of the Internet for distance learning programs, teleconferencing classes, or online courses. The practice of nursing will inevitably be transformed as a result of wireless technology.
"The most basic or crucial point related to informatics is that technology and systems can never determine outcomes."
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Family Experience and Withdrawal of Life Support, 2008.
An analysis of the factors that impact on the quality of the family's experience in the withdrawal of life support from a loved one in ICU (intensive care unit).
1,111 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses families' experiences with the withdrawal of life support from a loved one in ICU (intensive care unit) and how it is not uniform for all families because of the operation of certain factors which influence the decision-making process. Finally, the paper discusses the impact of the support that these families receive and how it is the major factor that influences the quality of the family's experience.
Table of Contents:
Statement of the Problem and Purpose
Literature Review
Research Question
Theoretical Framework
Hypothesis #1
Data Collection
Research Design #1
Statistical Analysis #1
Hypothesis #2
Sampling Strategy #2
Data Collection #2
Research Design #2
Statistical Analysis #2
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Making decisions related to the withdrawal of life support in the ICU is one of the most demanding experiences the family will ever face. Nurses play a key role in the effectiveness of the decision making process and it is their understanding of the stages involved in that process which can determine the quality of the outcome. As McHale Wiegand (2006) maintains, as more families become involved in end-of-life decisions, it is essential that current research be assessed, the gaps in knowledge be identified, and that new directions for ongoing research should be established. Little is actually known about the interaction of nurses with families in this situation; what is certain is that the interaction is not uniform and that nurses need to realize what will be most effective with families who are experiencing high levels of stress."
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Breastfeeding Research, 2008.
A research proposal to study the efficacy of support for breastfeeding.
910 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that new mothers may not be aware of the benefitsof breasfeeding and that it must be promoted as a health activity. The paper then describes a research design that will compare 10 new mothers in a hospital neonatal unit who receive health teaching about breastfeeding and peer support from more experienced mothers to a control group of 10new mothers who receive health teaching only.
Table of Contents:
Statement of the Problem and Purpose
Literature Review
Theoretical Framework
Research Question
Hypothesis #1
Sampling Strategy
Data Collection
Research Design
Statistical Analysis
Hypothesis #2
Research Design
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Peer support for new mothers includes individual counseling and support between mothers, the rationale being that social support networks influence decisions and practices. Peer support is cost-effect and can be culturally appropriate and individually designed to promote breastfeeding, and studies demonstrate its effectiveness in the rates of initiation and duration. Pisacane, Grazia and Continisio (2005) conducted a controlled trial to determine how fathers can influence breastfeeding outcomes. The hypothesis was that when fathers prevent and manage breastfeeding problems, the duration of breastfeeding will be prolonged."
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Ethics and Minors, 2008.
This paper looks at a legislative issue and discusses the matter of contraceptives furnished to a minor.
1,608 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the current health care issue which needs to be brought to the attention of legislators and for which nurses need to develop a political action plan is the availability of contraceptive supplies or procedures to minors. The writer points out that many states recognize that parents should have the right to make health care decisions for a minor child but that in certain cases, the minor needs access to confidential services. The writer discusses that under the Title X family planning program instituted in 1970, contraceptive services and other reproductive health care services have been available to all individuals who need them, irrespective of age. Meanwhile, the writer notes that debates over parental consent or notification have been taking place at both the state and federal level, and that states tend to favor parents taking responsibility for the decisions of their minor child.
From the Paper
"On the basis of Greipp's model, the consumer forces driving the policy consist of teenagers who have made the decision to become sexually active as opposed to parents who wish to have the responsibility for their children's choices. In many cases, the consumer includes the entire community which believes that parents need to either make or at least collaborate with their adolescent children about major decisions. Motivators include parents' desires to influence their children regarding the most significant decisions of their lives. Motivators also consist of parental concerns for the current and future physical and psychosocial wellbeing of their children.The ethical principle of beneficence and the moral theory of deontology also can be motivators for both parents and the community as they strive both individually and collectively to fulfill what they perceive as their obligations to their children. "
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Analysis of a Newspaper Research Report, 2008.
A review of a newspaper research report by Patty Pensa, entitled "Palm Beach County Public Health Officials Push Flu Shots for Kids" on statistical procedures.
1,070 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the statistical procedures used - or not used, as the case may be - in a recent newspaper article appearing in the South-Florida Sun-Sentinel. In particular, the paper examines the failure of the article to provide statistics supporting the idea that mass vaccinations really work. The paper concludes that, while the article intended to serve the public, it does so at not quite the level it could.
From the Paper
"Discovering the statistical procedures that made possible the findings put forward by reporter Patty Pensa in her July 1, 2007, article on the efforts of Palm Beach health officials to lobby for more flu shots for children is difficult in some respects. For one thing, Pensa writes that "the success of a FluMist program at elementary schools convinced officials that children could be vaccinated en masse" (para.6). Unfortunately, Pensa does not deign to provide statistics that would corroborate this important conclusion. Additionally, in precisely the next sentence, she writes that "School officials do not track how many kids are sick with flu each year" (Pensa, para.6). Suffice it to say, if no statistics are available when it comes to sickness levels among young children in the Palm Beach area, and if Ms. Pensa does not provide in her story statistics supporting the contention that a mass vaccination at the elementary school level was successful, then the reader is simply has no means of knowing the extent to which mass vaccination campaigns will benefit the inhabitants of Palm Beach. Naturally, while it can be comfortably inferred that mass vaccination really will benefit everyone, it should not be overlooked that busy parents, uncertain as to who will have to pay for the cost of the vaccination, may decide that things like more rest, a better diet, and more exercise at school are all worthy substitutes to vaccinating their children."
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