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Florida Senate Bill 144, 2007.
A summary and commentary on this bill which requires the mandatory testing of newborns for the HIV/AIDS disease.
2,753 words (approx. 11.0 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 82.95
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Abstract
Because of the serious problems that are still being seen with AIDS, especially in the black community, there is now legislation - known as Florida Senate Bill 144 - that is trying to make HIV/AIDS testing mandatory for newborns. This paper examines the policy, provides an overview of the bill and discusses its implementation. The paper also discusses the bill's importance to the African-American community.
Outline:
Policy Summary
Delineation and Overview of the Policy Under Analysis
Historical Overview
Implementation
Economic Analysis of the Policy
Policy/Program Evaluation and Current Proposals for Policy Change
Bibliography
From the Paper
"However, this is not always true and some individuals may wish to be tested based on the fact that they believe a partner has cheated and possibly has contracted the virus. There are many reasons why individuals would want to be tested and there are many relatively innocent individuals who receive the disease from others in various ways even when they assumed that the other individual was safe and healthy. Since AIDS takes some time to show up and make the body sick, someone can contract the disease several years prior to actually showing any symptoms (Whitaker, 2001). If this individual is promiscuous during that time it is quite possible that he or she will spread the AIDS virus to a great many individuals before realizing that he or she has the virus."
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Narrative of an American Slave, 2007.
This paper analyzes the book "Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglas, an American Slave" written by himself.
1,271 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the book "Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglas, an American Slave". The writer looks at how this book describes the life of Frederick Douglas and discusses his life as a slave. The writer notes the hardships for such a slave, as the son of a black mother and a white master. The writer concludes that the book also describes how Frederick was chosen to go to Baltimore to serve in a household where he was taught how to read and write and he discovered that city slaves had more freedom than plantation slaves. Thus, the writer points out that Frederick's goal to become free was born and the means by which he was able do this was given him, unwittingly, by his Baltimore mistress.
Outline:
Chapter I
Chapter II
Chapter III
Chapter IV
Reference
From the Paper
"His mother was a very dark-skinned black lady named Harriet Bailey, but his father was white, probably her master. Frederick was taken away from his mother at about one, and his mother was sent away. He saw her only four or five times more during his life, for short visits in the night, when she would sneak away and come on foot, at great risk, to see him. She died when he was about seven years old, but he was not allowed to be at her side and, since he did not know her, was not emotional upon learning of her illness and death.
Because the master was also his father, Frederick talks about how much harder it is on those slaves sired by the master, because of the master's wife and her jealousies. As a result, the master must be harder on his black sons and Frederick says that the white son might tie up the black son, his half-brother, and whip him, overseen by the man that fathered them both, unless this half-white son is sold away, as he was."
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Discrimination Based on Color, 2007.
A critical review of the article, "How to Investigate and Prove Discrimination Based on Race/Colour" by Deidre Takeyama and Brian H. Kleiner.
725 words (approx. 2.9 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 25.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an evaluation and critical review of Deidre Takeyama and Brian H. Kliener's 1998 article, which sheds light upon one aspect of discrimination that appears to encompass all other traits -employment discrimination. The paper discusses the soundness of the data reported, summarizes the content of the article and offers a personal evaluation/reaction to the material as well.
From the Paper
"By categorizing employment discriminatory acts typology the reader would have been made aware that subtle and covert employment discrimination are very difficult to see, document and remedy. In fact, these two types often last a great deal longer than overt discriminatory acts. If one reviews additional publications in the area of employment discrimination very few research manuscripts are available dealing with subtle and covert employment discrimination."
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Perceptions of Slavery, 2007.
This paper compares the ideas of two authors, Albert Raboteau and Stanley Elkins, about the effects of slavery on the African-American mindset.
2,406 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
The paper maintains that although the Civil Rights Act of 1964 legally ended discrimination of African-Americans, it did little to alleviate the attitude that continues to be an integral part of the racial landscape of America. The paper examines Stanley Elkins' "Slavery: A Problem in American Institutional and Intellectual Life" where he developed a stereotype that represented the composite effects of slavery on the African-American in the antebellum period. Elkins presents the slave as submissive, loyal and happy to serve his white masters. This differs significantly from the image presented by Albert J. Raboteau in his work "Slave Religion: The "Invisible Institution"", which presents the slave as belonging to a society that is rich in power that exists beyond the reach of white masters. The paper explains that the ideas of Elkins and Raboteau are seemingly contradictory but when one takes these two works in context, the slave could be described as the discreet zealot, the ultimate passive resistor.
From the Paper
"The effects of slavery are still a part of the American mindset, whether one wishes to admit it or not. We, as a society, like to point to events such as the Equal Rights Movement of the early 1960s as evidence that the effects of slavery are no longer a part of our society. However, even though the Civil Rights Act of 1964 legally ended discrimination of African Americans, it did little to alleviate the attitude that continues to be an integral part of the racial landscape of America. Stanley Elkins attached this subject in his 1959 work, "Slavery: A Problem in American Institutional and Intellectual Life." In this work Elkin developed a stereotype that represented the composite effects of slavery on the African American in the antebellum period. His hypothesis surrounded the idea that these effects can still be seen in society today."
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Retention of African-American Males in Universities, 2007.
This paper explores the factors affecting retention of African-American males in predominantly white universities.
1,896 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the retention rate of African-American males in predominantly white universities. The paper compares the factors influencing African-American women versus men in completing their university studies. The author states that the purpose of this research is to find out exactly what the retention rate of African-American males in white universities is, and what explicit and implicit factors influence the retention rate.
Outline:
Research Question or Alternative Hypothesis
Independent Variable
Dependent Variables
Possible Confounding Variables
Research Design
Participants
Instrumentation
From the Paper
"The retention rate of African American males has been a hotly debate topic in the college domain. Although statistics have shown that the overall retention rate of African Americans within college has progressively increased, few studies have specifically focused on the African American male student within a predominantly white university. Michael J. Cuyjet explains in his book, "Helping African American Men Succeed in College", that African American males are different from females in several different categories that include course learning, exposure to campus activites, use of student unions, involvement in clubs and organizations, etc (Cuyjet, Chapt. 1). The goal of this research study is to find out exactly what the retention rate of African American males in white universities is, and what explicit and implicit factors impact the overall impact the retention rate. We will conduct a research design that will consider the multiple factors within retention rates and develop a quantitative metholodgy to measure the factors contributing to African American male retention rates."
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The NAACP, 2007.
This paper traces the history of the National Advancement for the Association of Colored People (NAACP) in advocating for the rights of African-Americans.
8,090 words (approx. 32.4 pages), 19 sources, APA, $ 173.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the history and development of the NAACP. The author describes the transition from the organization being focused on human rights to its current focus on civil rights. The paper gives a background history of the situation of African-Americans from the days of slavery to our times. W.E.B. DeBois' role in founding the organization is highlighted.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
History of the NAACP
Key Players of the NAACP
NAACP and Communism
Human Rights
Civil Rights
Internal Atruggles of the NAACP
Moving Rowards Civil Rights
Today
From the Paper
"Since the days of slavery, African Americans have had to battle for rights that many people in the United States have been able to take for granted. The issue of slavery was put to rest many years ago, but the damage that the practice did to race relations is still a bruise on the hip of society as America works to provide true equality to those who reside in the states. If one were to trace the path of African American roots in the United States from the days of slavery until the 1960's, one would see a path filled with turmoil, angst, and hard earned victory in the area of civil rights for African Americans nationwide."
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The Importance of Literacy, 2007.
A discussion on the importance of literacy skills, based on the book "Learning to Read and Write" by Frederick Douglass, and the article "The Importance of Literacy and Numeracy Skills" by the Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry.
901 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how, although literacy is not literally a function of slavery as it was when Douglass wrote his narrative, literacy remains a tool of social and political empowerment. The paper explores how individuals with inadequate literacy skills cannot begin to compete in a job market based on information; to run for political office; to read articles or websites. The paper further discusses how literacy bestows on the individual a means of communicating with others, of sharing ideas and debating essential points in the hopes of changing minds and hearts. The paper concludes that, through mastery of the written word, poor and oppressed individuals can challenge the assumptions that guide the dominant culture and create transformation and change just as Douglass did over a century ago.
From the Paper
"Literacy skills are, however, appropriately framed as an economic tool as they are in "The Importance of Literacy and Numeracy Skills." The Australian report represents the mentality of the twenty-first century, when literacy skills allow individuals the opportunity to "compete in the global marketplace (p. 6). Individuals need literacy skills to succeed just as Douglass did, but literacy rates are far higher now than they were in Douglass' age. As a result, citizens of industrialized nations are expected to master reading and writing skills in school."
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Critique of "The Black Culture Industry", 2007.
This paper argues against Ellis Cahmore's thesis as presented in his book "The Black Culture Industry."
2,570 words (approx. 10.3 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper examines and critiques the arguments put forth by sociologist Ellis Cashmore in his book "The Black Culture Industry." Cashmore's argument, that blacks have succeeded in the areas of sports and entertainment because it benefits whites, is analyzed. The author of the paper points out areas in which blacks have succeeded and further argues that success is based more on an individual's decision to exercise his free will.
From the Paper
" Cashmore, with his above statement, seems to also have a positive goal of doing more to help blacks succeed in other areas besides just sports and entertainment. Cashmore implies that even though blacks are successful in sports (or in entertainment) they still do not have the opportunities available to them that a white person does. By making such a statement, Cashmore is also making the assertion that certain elements of 'white' society are active proponents of the continued constraints against black society, by believing that because blacks have the opportunity in such areas as sports (and entertainment), that is enough and that nothing else needs to be done to afford blacks more equality."
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The Brown v. Board of Education Case, 2007.
This paper explores the Brown v. Board of Education decisions about the segregation of black and white students during 1953 and 1954.
960 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses state legislatures who enacted Jim Crow laws that led to the legally mandated segregation of the races. The paper looks at the Fourteenth Amendment that strengthened the legal rights of newly freed slaves by stating, among other things, that no state shall deprive anyone of either "due process of law" or of the "equal protection of the law." The paper discusses how it appears that the Brown v. Board of Education decision was instrumental in the changes that occurred in the Supreme Court's adherence to the Fourteenth Amendment. The paper considers those who claim that even without this case being heard in the U.S. Supreme Court, changes were already formulating within the U.S. educational policy and justice arena.
Outline:
Objective
Introduction
Background
The Fourteenth Amendment and Brown v. Board of Education
Object of the Fourteenth Amendment to Enforce Equality of the Two Races Before the Law
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"In spite of these Amendments the treatment of African Americans is stated to have been "...differently than whites in many parts of the country, especially in the South." (Ibid) The fact is that there were state legislatures who enacted laws that led to "the legally mandated segregation of the races." (History of Brown v. Board of Education) These laws were known as the "Jim Crow laws" and there were many indeed that felt that the laws did not represent a system of justice."
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The African-American Community, 2007.
An analysis of the change in conditions for African-Americans after the abolishment of slavery.
1,672 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the position of the African-American population and how it has changed over time. Specifically, the paper discusses the change in conditions in America for African-Americans after the abolishment of slavery. The paper compares the views of African-American philosophers Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. DuBois in the ways that they contributed to American society by offering insight into the personal experiences of blacks during and after the days of enslavement.
From the Paper
"DuBois' vision stems partly from his political ideology, grounded in Marxist sensibility. Moreover, DuBois contributed to American history the appreciation for, interest in, and cultivation of African-American culture. DuBois' celebration of Black culture reflects Frances E.W. Harper's poem "Ethiopia," in which she proudly heralds the "dark, despairing brow" of the African-American spiritual home. Like Fredrick Douglas, DuBois and Harper condemned America for enabling the perpetuation of race-based slavery, which would continue in the form of political, economic, and social oppression for decades after emancipation."
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Black Abolitionist Sojourner Truth, 2006.
This paper explains that the life and work of Sojourner Truth were instrumental to the women's rights movement of the abolitionist era.
1,530 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper describes how Sojourner Truth worked not only to free women but also to free her people that had been bound by slavery before then, as she was. The author points out that her self-educated views illustrated the foundation of the movement with her simple and clearly thought-out speeches. The paper states that Truth was one of the most important elements of the women's movement of her time and carried the responsibility of the Black female voice throughout her lifetime.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Her Life
The Women's Movement and Truth
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The basis for the women breaking support with each other was a statement made by Stanton during one of her public speaking engagements. It was at that time that Stanton vowed she would not vote for Blacks having the right to vote as long as women were not allowed to vote. Black women throughout the movement took issue with the one sided support. They believed that if they were supporting the women's movement then the white women suffragists should also support the Black movement, because in their mind oppression was oppression and it should all be fought against."
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Alice Walker & Ralph Ellison, 2006.
A review, discussion and analysis of the lives of two African-American writers, Alice Walker and Ralph Ellison.
3,565 words (approx. 14.3 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 99.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews and discusses the literary forces that influenced the lives and work of two African-American writers, Alice Walker and Ralph Ellison. The paper further compares the similarities and differences between the work of these two authors.
Contents:
Introduction
Alice Walker, During & Post Civil Rights
Alice Walker's Literary Influences
Langston Hughes
Zora Neale Hurston
Pre-Civil Rights; Ralph Ellison's Literary Influences
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The mutual appreciation and love between the two was made permanent when Walker wrote Langston Hughes: American Poet, and explained in the "Author's Note" that in Hughes' books, she "encountered a spirit very like my own: a spirit that loves people, enjoys variety, hungers for diversity and change." She liked his poetry, she wrote in "Author's Note," but "even more compelling for me was his autobiographical writing, especially The Big Sea and I Wonder as I Wander" (Walker 36). The literary world is full of writers who "are reluctant to write about how hard it can sometimes be to understand parents and society and the way the world is organized," Walker explained, "but not Langston." And moreover, because Hughes wrote "so honestly about his struggles with his parents, and the often-puzzling cruelties of other human beings," Walker continued in her "Author's Note," she believed she could "trust him as a writer who still remembered the world of childhood."
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The Influence of African-American Women, 2006.
A discussion on "When and Where I Enter: The Impact of Black Women on Race and Sex in America" written by Paula Giddings.
948 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Giddings' works and the motivations for and the face of feminist movements in the 1960s and 70s. It highlights the influence and impact that black women have had on racial and sexual issues in America. The author of the paper offers a personal opinion on the state of racial and gender equality in a modern, progressive world.
From the Paper
"Another surprising aspect of this black influence was that many radical white organizations still did not accept female members or support feminist ideas. Here are groups working for societal change and they still do not take women's concerns seriously. That is disturbing and even laughable that an organization dedicated to change was so deeply entrenched in male values that they could not accept women at a time when they were violently opposed to most aspects of modern society. How could they possibly have any remote hope of changing anything in society when they could not, or would not, alter their own prejudices and macho, sexist ideals?"
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African-American Poetry, 2007.
An examination of various African-American poems throughout American history, focusing on the era of slavery.
2,158 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper examines African-American poetry from many eras in American history. The writer explores several poems and discusses their meaning and impact on society. The paper focuses on the spirit of the African-American people through the decades of slavery and the way that their spirit survived through learning to read and write and find solace in poetry.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Types of African-American Poetry
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The above passage from the same poem provides the reader with the understanding that Hughes does not anticipate he will always be relegated to the kitchen for his meals and that there will come a time where he will eat at the table with the house guests. It is a protest against the treatment of his race while showing pride and refusal to believe he is the lesser person he is treated like when he is sent to the kitchen to eat. One of the most important things to note is the perseverance of African Americans during those early years (Baker, 1982). An example of this strength can be see in the fact that it was illegal to teach African Americans to read and write, yet many of them refused to give up and often traded favors, food, or clothing for learning the craft. They knew if they could read and write they would be better equipped to work toward eventual freedom."
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Diversity in Fire Service, 2007.
This paper examines the impact of diversity on the fire service.
1,386 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an examination of the impact of diversity on rire service in the United States. The writer explores several Supreme Court decisions, federal mandates and measurement tools to further illustrate the topic. Issues regarding diversity in hiring practices are also explored. The author notes that fire services managers need to be careful to legitimately encourage diversity in the workforce while at the same time practice hiring that maintains the safety of the team by only hiring members capable of performing the job.
Introduction:
Supreme Court Assistance
Diversity
Productivity
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Productivity in the fire rescue services is an important element of existence for several reasons. Because the service is dependant upon public dollars for its budget needs it is important to be able to track productivity and to show increases or decreases so that the budget committees can properly allocate funds to maintain the service.
Productivity can show an increase by sending out more trucks on each call, conversely it can show a decrease in numbers if fewer responders are sent to the initial call and back up is called for later if it is deemed necessary by the first response team.
Other factors that can impact productivity measurement are changes int eh area being serviced. Productivity measurement often takes into account things such as risk factors. If the area finds ways to reduce the risk factors of fire or rescue need then the productivity numbers are going to be reduced.
If the risk factors in an area are significantly increased the productivity numbers are also going to increase. "
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